CN102262166B - Wind-tunnel wind profiler and control method thereof - Google Patents

Wind-tunnel wind profiler and control method thereof Download PDF

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CN102262166B
CN102262166B CN 201110088744 CN201110088744A CN102262166B CN 102262166 B CN102262166 B CN 102262166B CN 201110088744 CN201110088744 CN 201110088744 CN 201110088744 A CN201110088744 A CN 201110088744A CN 102262166 B CN102262166 B CN 102262166B
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wind speed
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陈智
宣传忠
张永
赵永来
孙悦超
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Inner Mongolia Agricultural University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种风洞风速廓线仪及其控制方法,包括数据采集部、无线数据传输部和控制处理装置,所述数据采集部包括多个热膜探头和数据采集卡;所述无线数据传输部包括无线发送设备和无线接收设备,所述热膜探头与所述数据采集卡连接,所述热膜探头采集到的风速信号经校准后转换成电压信号送到所述数据采集卡中的A/D转换器,从而使所述数据采集卡完成对所述热膜探头的输出的风速信号的采集,并将其采集到的风速数据发送给所述无线发送设备;所述无线发送设备将其接收到的风速数据以无线的方式发送给所述无线接收设备,所述控制处理装置与无线接收设备连接。其具有结构简单、性能可行、成本低、便于携带和安装、现场连线简单、使用灵活可靠的特点。

Figure 201110088744

The invention relates to a wind tunnel anemometer and its control method, comprising a data collection unit, a wireless data transmission unit and a control processing device, the data collection unit includes a plurality of hot film probes and a data acquisition card; the wireless data The transmission part includes a wireless sending device and a wireless receiving device, the hot film probe is connected to the data acquisition card, and the wind speed signal collected by the hot film probe is calibrated and converted into a voltage signal and sent to the data acquisition card. A/D converter, so that the data acquisition card completes the collection of the wind speed signal output by the hot film probe, and sends the wind speed data collected to the wireless sending device; the wireless sending device will The received wind speed data is sent to the wireless receiving device in a wireless manner, and the control processing device is connected with the wireless receiving device. It has the characteristics of simple structure, feasible performance, low cost, easy to carry and install, simple field connection, flexible and reliable use.

Figure 201110088744

Description

风洞风速廓线仪及其控制方法Wind Tunnel Wind Velocity Profiler and Its Control Method

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及一种风洞风速廓线仪及其控制方法,特别是涉及一种基于热膜传感器和无线传感网络的风洞风速廓线仪及其控制方法。The invention relates to a wind tunnel wind speed profiler and a control method thereof, in particular to a wind tunnel wind speed profiler based on a hot film sensor and a wireless sensor network and a control method thereof.

背景技术 Background technique

土壤风蚀是干旱、半干旱以及部分半湿润地区土地沙漠化与沙尘暴灾害的首要因素,也是世界上许多国家和地区的主要环境问题之一。风沙运动同洪水、干旱和暴风等自然灾害一样危害甚大,它可以掩埋农田牧场、毁坏庄稼并吹走表土和种子,严重侵蚀人类赖以生存的土地。同时,风沙运动还可以阻碍交通、掩埋铁路和公路,危及行车安全。Soil wind erosion is the primary cause of land desertification and sandstorm disasters in arid, semi-arid and partially sub-humid areas, and is also one of the major environmental problems in many countries and regions in the world. Sand movement is as harmful as natural disasters such as floods, droughts and storms. It can bury farmland and pastures, destroy crops and blow away topsoil and seeds, seriously eroding the land on which human beings depend. At the same time, wind and sand movement can also hinder traffic, bury railways and highways, and endanger driving safety.

在我国,中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所于1967年建成了第一座大型室内风洞,进行了有关风蚀运动模拟实验,从而开创了我国风蚀运动研究的新局面,常使用风速廓线仪和集沙仪在风洞中模拟自然风进行土壤风蚀研究。In my country, the Institute of Environment and Engineering in Cold and Arid Regions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences built the first large-scale indoor wind tunnel in 1967, and carried out simulation experiments on wind erosion movement, thus creating a new situation in the study of wind erosion movement in my country. The line meter and the sand collector simulate the natural wind in the wind tunnel to study the soil wind erosion.

目前,测量风速常用的风速仪有机械式、压差式和热线式等。机械式风速仪主要以风杯和叶轮为感应元件,其响应滞后,加之在风沙环境中可动元件造成的磨损和卡滞,使仪器的可靠性不高,误差较大;压差式风速仪由皮托管配以微压变送器而输出信号,由于连接管路导致的气压沿程损失和在风沙流中导致的皮托管堵塞等现象,影响了风速的测量精度;热线风速仪是基于热传递原理制成的,由于在测量中需要使用一根通电加热的金属细丝(一般为直径为3~5μm的铂丝)置于气流中,易被污染和损坏,影响传热效果,从而降低了测量精度。另外,上述风速仪在数据采集和传输中都需要大量的线路连接,在使用过程中线路也容易导致折弯和折断,一方面影响测量精度,另一方面给测试工作带来诸多不便。At present, the commonly used anemometers for measuring wind speed are mechanical, differential pressure and hot wire. The mechanical anemometer mainly uses the wind cup and the impeller as the sensing element, and its response lags behind. In addition, the wear and stagnation caused by the movable elements in the wind and sand environment make the reliability of the instrument low and the error is large; the differential pressure anemometer The Pitot tube is equipped with a micro-pressure transmitter to output the signal. Due to the loss of air pressure along the connecting pipeline and the blockage of the Pitot tube caused by the wind and sand flow, the measurement accuracy of the wind speed is affected; the hot-wire anemometer is based on the thermal It is made by the principle of transfer. Since an electrically heated metal filament (generally a platinum wire with a diameter of 3-5 μm) is placed in the air flow during the measurement, it is easily polluted and damaged, which affects the heat transfer effect and reduces the temperature. measurement accuracy. In addition, the above-mentioned anemometers require a large number of line connections during data collection and transmission, and the lines are easily bent and broken during use, which affects the measurement accuracy on the one hand, and brings a lot of inconvenience to the test work on the other hand.

图1示出了现有技术中的风速测量装置的结构示意图。如图1所示,现有技术中的由皮托管和保护箱组成风速测量装置,测量时皮托管连接微差压变送器,将皮托管中接收的气流总压和静压信号通过变送器转换成动压的电信号,此电信号经过调理(如滤波、放大)后输入A/D转换器进行模数转换,再经微机采样系统采集信号,最后用软件对数据进行处理。Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an anemometer in the prior art. As shown in Figure 1, the wind speed measurement device in the prior art is composed of a pitot tube and a protective box. When measuring, the pitot tube is connected to a differential pressure transmitter, and the total pressure and static pressure signals received in the pitot tube are transmitted through the transmitter. The electrical signal is converted into a dynamic voltage electrical signal by a device. After conditioning (such as filtering and amplification), the electrical signal is input to the A/D converter for analog-to-digital conversion, and then the signal is collected by a microcomputer sampling system, and finally the data is processed by software.

图1中所示的风速测量装置存在以下缺陷:(1)系统使用皮托管和长橡胶管作为主要测量元件,灵敏度和精确度差。在一定的风速范围内,用皮托管测得的压气绝对值远小于用静压差测得的差压值,差压传感器的测量误差是一定的,其结果会导致速压测量结果的相对误差增大,因此,皮托管只适合于风速大于4m/s的测量条件;而且在野外工作时,风速传感器的测压孔可能被空气中的灰尘或沙尘堵塞而失去测速作用。此外,连接皮托管和微差压变送器的橡胶管较长时,橡胶管极易弯曲变形造成测量灵敏度降低。而且由于测量系统的惯性,测量介质与被测介质要达到平衡需要一定时间,这使气流的脉动变化要产生一定的时间延迟,在高频脉动气流中,会造成测量结果小于实际值。(2)测量装置连线过多,测点移动不方便。在野外测量风速时,测点会随时移动,而现有风速的采集和数据的处理装置是连接在一起的,移动时需要安装、拆卸,这给测量结果的精度和准确度带来不确定性,同时使用上也不方便。The wind speed measuring device shown in Fig. 1 has the following defects: (1) The system uses a pitot tube and a long rubber tube as the main measuring elements, and the sensitivity and accuracy are poor. In a certain range of wind speed, the absolute value of air pressure measured by pitot tube is much smaller than the differential pressure value measured by static pressure difference. The measurement error of differential pressure sensor is certain, and the result will lead to relative error of velocity pressure measurement results. Therefore, the Pitot tube is only suitable for the measurement conditions with wind speed greater than 4m/s; and when working in the field, the pressure measuring hole of the wind speed sensor may be blocked by dust or sand in the air and lose the speed measurement function. In addition, when the rubber tube connecting the Pitot tube and the differential pressure transmitter is long, the rubber tube is easily bent and deformed, resulting in reduced measurement sensitivity. Moreover, due to the inertia of the measurement system, it takes a certain amount of time for the measurement medium and the measured medium to reach equilibrium, which causes a certain time delay for the pulsation change of the airflow. In the high-frequency pulsation airflow, the measurement result will be smaller than the actual value. (2) There are too many connections in the measuring device, and it is inconvenient to move the measuring point. When measuring wind speed in the field, the measuring point will move at any time, and the existing wind speed collection and data processing devices are connected together, which needs to be installed and disassembled when moving, which brings uncertainty to the accuracy and accuracy of the measurement results , and it is also inconvenient to use.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是提供一种结构简单、性能可行、成本低、便于携带和安装、现场连线简单、使用灵活可靠的风洞风速廓线仪及其控制方法。The object of the present invention is to provide a wind tunnel anemometer and its control method with simple structure, feasible performance, low cost, easy to carry and install, simple on-site connection, flexible and reliable use.

为解决上述技术问题,本发明采取以下技术方案:一种风洞风速廓线仪,其特征在于:包括数据采集部、无线数据传输部和控制处理装置,所述数据采集部包括多个热膜探头和数据采集卡;所述无线数据传输部包括无线发送设备和无线接收设备,所述热膜探头与所述数据采集卡连接,所述热膜探头采集到的风速信号经校准后转换成电压信号送到所述数据采集卡中的A/D转换器,从而使所述数据采集卡完成对所述热膜探头的输出的风速信号的采集,并将其采集到的风速数据发送给所述无线发送设备;所述无线发送设备将其接收到的风速数据以无线的方式发送给所述无线接收设备,所述控制处理装置与无线接收设备连接,从而获取所述无线接收设备接收到的风速数据,并对其获取到的风速数据进行分析和处理。In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a wind tunnel anemometer, characterized in that it includes a data acquisition unit, a wireless data transmission unit and a control processing device, and the data acquisition unit includes a plurality of hot film Probe and data acquisition card; the wireless data transmission part includes a wireless sending device and a wireless receiving device, the hot film probe is connected to the data acquisition card, and the wind speed signal collected by the hot film probe is converted into a voltage after calibration The signal is sent to the A/D converter in the data acquisition card, so that the data acquisition card completes the collection of the wind speed signal output by the hot film probe, and sends the wind speed data collected by it to the A wireless sending device; the wireless sending device sends the received wind speed data to the wireless receiving device in a wireless manner, and the control processing device is connected with the wireless receiving device to obtain the wind speed received by the wireless receiving device data, and analyze and process the acquired wind speed data.

进一步,所述无线发送设备分时地将其接收到的风速数据向外发送。Further, the wireless sending device sends out the received wind speed data in a time-division manner.

进一步,每个所述热膜探头被构建为传感器节点,进一步,优选地,所述传感器节点组成传感器网络。Further, each of the hot film probes is constructed as a sensor node, and further, preferably, the sensor nodes form a sensor network.

进一步,所述控制处理装置包括插值运算模块、数据存储模块和结果数据分析模块。Further, the control processing device includes an interpolation calculation module, a data storage module and a result data analysis module.

进一步,所述插值运算模块用于将电流形式的风速数据转换成相应的风速值。Further, the interpolation operation module is used to convert the wind speed data in the form of current into corresponding wind speed values.

进一步,所述热膜探头在竖直方向上的分布满足对数关系。Further, the distribution of the hot film probes in the vertical direction satisfies a logarithmic relationship.

进一步,所述数据采集部和无线发送设备是可移动的。Further, the data collection unit and the wireless sending device are movable.

进一步,所述数据采集部还包括旋转装置,所述热膜探头设置在所述旋转装置上,在不使用热膜探头时,通过所述旋转装置使热膜探头被旋转至安全位置,在使用时,只需旋转所述旋转装置,即可将热膜探头旋转至工作位置。Further, the data acquisition part also includes a rotating device, the hot film probe is arranged on the rotating device, when the hot film probe is not in use, the hot film probe is rotated to a safe position through the rotating device, and the hot film probe is rotated to a safe position during use. , the hot film probe can be rotated to the working position only by rotating the rotating device.

本发明还提供一种风洞风速廓线仪的控制方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:The present invention also provides a control method of a wind tunnel anemometer, characterized in that: comprising the following steps:

(1)读取用户设置的设置参数;(1) Read the setting parameters set by the user;

(2)启动风机;(2) Start the fan;

(3)通过变频的方式控制所述风机旋转从而实现风速调节;(3) controlling the rotation of the fan by means of frequency conversion so as to realize wind speed regulation;

(4)通过查看风机旋转的转速是否稳定在某一数值,从而判断风洞中的风速是否达到稳定状态;(4) By checking whether the rotating speed of the fan is stable at a certain value, it is judged whether the wind speed in the wind tunnel has reached a stable state;

(5)如果达到稳定状态,则进行数据采集和数据处理,并显示风速和绘制风廓线;然后进一步改变风速,继续执行步骤(3);(5) If the steady state is reached, then carry out data collection and data processing, and display the wind speed and draw the wind profile; then further change the wind speed and continue to perform step (3);

(6)如果未达到稳定状态,则继续执行步骤(3)。(6) If the steady state is not reached, proceed to step (3).

本发明中的风速廓线仪采用整体的热膜风速元件,其抗振和抗污染能力远远高于传统的热线风速计,具有很高的长期稳定性;此外,其具有多种安装方式,可以很方便的将探头固定在被测气流位置;进一步,所述风速廓线仪具有精度高,一致性好的特点,对极低风速有灵敏的响应,接近0m/s空气速率的准确测量,能够精确测量风的平均速度、方向、脉动速度及其频谱和温度;最后,所述风速廓线仪中的热膜探头可在24VDC供电下,输出为4-20mA或0-5V标准信号,其输出信号与风速为线性关系。The anemometer in the present invention adopts the integral hot-film anemometer, and its anti-vibration and anti-pollution ability is far higher than that of the traditional hot-wire anemometer, and has high long-term stability; in addition, it has multiple installation methods, The probe can be easily fixed at the measured airflow position; further, the wind speed profiler has the characteristics of high precision and good consistency, sensitive response to extremely low wind speed, and accurate measurement of air speed close to 0m/s, It can accurately measure the average speed, direction, pulsation speed and its frequency spectrum and temperature of the wind; finally, the hot film probe in the wind speed profiler can output a 4-20mA or 0-5V standard signal under the power supply of 24VDC, which The output signal has a linear relationship with the wind speed.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是现有技术中的风速测量装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an anemometer in the prior art.

图2是基于无线通讯的风速测控系统原理图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the wind speed measurement and control system based on wireless communication.

图3是风速测控流程图。Figure 3 is a flow chart of wind speed measurement and control.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

下面对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below.

如图2所示,本发明中的基于热膜传感器和无线传感网络的风洞风速廓线仪包括:数据采集部、无线数据传输部和控制处理装置5,所述数据采集部包括多个热膜探头1和数据采集卡2;所述无线数据传输部包括无线发送设备3和无线接收设备4。优选地,所述热膜探头1用于测量风速,所述热膜探头1与所述数据采集卡2连接,所述热膜探头1采集到的风速信号经校准后转换成电压信号送到所述数据采集卡2中的A/D转换器,从而使所述数据采集卡2完成对所述热膜探头1的输出的风速信号的采集,并将其采集到的风速数据发送给所述无线发送设备3;所述无线发送设备3将其接收到的风速数据以无线的方式发送给所述无线接收设备4,优选地,所述无线发送设备3分时的将其接收到的风速数据向外发送;所述控制处理装置5与无线接收设备4连接,从而获取所述无线接收设备4接收到的风速数据,并对其获取到的风速数据进行分析和处理。As shown in Figure 2, the wind tunnel wind speed profiler based on hot film sensor and wireless sensor network among the present invention comprises: data acquisition part, wireless data transmission part and control processing device 5, and described data acquisition part comprises a plurality of A hot film probe 1 and a data acquisition card 2; the wireless data transmission part includes a wireless sending device 3 and a wireless receiving device 4. Preferably, the hot film probe 1 is used to measure wind speed, the hot film probe 1 is connected to the data acquisition card 2, and the wind speed signal collected by the hot film probe 1 is calibrated and converted into a voltage signal and sent to the The A/D converter in the data acquisition card 2, so that the data acquisition card 2 completes the collection of the wind speed signal output by the hot film probe 1, and sends the wind speed data collected by it to the wireless Sending device 3; The wireless sending device 3 sends the wind speed data it receives to the wireless receiving device 4 in a wireless manner, preferably, the wireless sending device 3 sends the wind speed data it receives to External transmission; the control processing device 5 is connected with the wireless receiving device 4, so as to obtain the wind speed data received by the wireless receiving device 4, and analyze and process the obtained wind speed data.

优选地,所述热膜探头1是热膜式风速传感器,该传感器包括以铂制成的热膜,其裸露在被测空气中,把它加热到某一确定的温度(如恒高于被测风速某一温度,如200℃),然后控制输入所述热膜的电流使电流在热膜上产生的热量与热膜在风中的散热量相当,热膜保持恒温,则该电流的值就是风速的函数。Preferably, the hot-film probe 1 is a hot-film wind speed sensor, which includes a hot-film made of platinum, which is exposed in the air to be measured, and heated to a certain temperature (such as a constant temperature higher than the measured temperature). Measure the wind speed at a certain temperature, such as 200°C), and then control the current input to the hot film so that the heat generated by the current on the hot film is equivalent to the heat dissipation of the hot film in the wind, and the hot film maintains a constant temperature, then the value of the current is a function of wind speed.

优选地,每个所述热膜探头1被构建为传感器节点,进一步,优选地,所述传感器节点组成传感器网络。优选地,所述传感器节点被随机抛撒或者确定性部署在应用环境中,通过自组织形成传感器网络,所述传感器节点在传感器网络中根据算法分别充当数据采集节点、数据中转节点以及簇头等角色,能够实时监测、感知和采集网络分布区域内的各种环境或监测对象的信息(如风速数据),将这些信息传送给所述控制处理装置5进行处理。Preferably, each of the hot film probes 1 is constructed as a sensor node, and further, preferably, the sensor nodes form a sensor network. Preferably, the sensor nodes are randomly scattered or deterministically deployed in the application environment, and a sensor network is formed through self-organization, and the sensor nodes respectively act as data acquisition nodes, data transfer nodes, and cluster heads in the sensor network according to algorithms, It can monitor, perceive and collect information (such as wind speed data) of various environments or monitoring objects in the network distribution area in real time, and transmit the information to the control processing device 5 for processing.

优选地,所述风洞风速廓线仪还包括向所述无线发送设备和数据采集部供电的电源装置6。优选地,所述电源装置6是蓄电池。Preferably, the wind tunnel anemometer further includes a power supply device 6 for supplying power to the wireless sending device and the data acquisition unit. Preferably, the power supply device 6 is a storage battery.

优选地,所述无线发送设备3与无线接收设备4分别具有ZigBee无线模块,所述无线发送设备3与无线接收设备4之间采用ZigBee无线通信协议进行通信。进一步,所述无线发送设备3与数据采集卡2之间、所述无线接收设备4与控制处理装置5之间还配备了通用工业标准的MODBUS总线接口,以实现所述数据采集卡2、控制处理装置5分别与其对应的ZigBee无线模块之间的串行数据通讯,所述无线发送设备3一侧的MODBUS总线接口将热膜电流值传送给所述无线发送设备3的ZigBee模块,所述无线接收设备4一侧的ZigBee模块将其收到的电流值经MODBUS总线接口送入控制处理装置5进行处理。ZigBee无线通讯技术具有通讯距离远、抗干扰能力强、组网灵活、性能可靠稳定等优点和特性;可实现点对点、一点对多点、多点对多点之间的设备间数据的透明传输。由于采集终端(即数据采集卡)和采集节点(即热膜探头)的关系是点对多点的通信关系,且各个采集节点具有基本相同的结构且都在采集终端的无线信号覆盖范围之内,彼此之间相互独立,因此,与传统的有线系统相比,不但解决了复杂的现场连线,而且应用起来更加灵活可靠。优选地,所述MODBUS总线接口是RS232接口。Preferably, the wireless sending device 3 and the wireless receiving device 4 respectively have ZigBee wireless modules, and the wireless sending device 3 and the wireless receiving device 4 communicate using the ZigBee wireless communication protocol. Further, between the wireless sending device 3 and the data acquisition card 2, between the wireless receiving device 4 and the control processing device 5, a general industrial standard MODBUS bus interface is also equipped to realize the data acquisition card 2, control Serial data communication between the processing device 5 and its corresponding ZigBee wireless module, the MODBUS bus interface on the side of the wireless sending device 3 transmits the hot film current value to the ZigBee module of the wireless sending device 3, and the wireless sending device 3 The ZigBee module on one side of the receiving device 4 sends the received current value to the control processing device 5 through the MODBUS bus interface for processing. ZigBee wireless communication technology has the advantages and characteristics of long communication distance, strong anti-interference ability, flexible networking, reliable and stable performance, etc.; it can realize transparent transmission of data between devices between point-to-point, point-to-multipoint, and multipoint-to-multipoint. Since the relationship between the acquisition terminal (that is, the data acquisition card) and the acquisition node (that is, the hot film probe) is a point-to-multipoint communication relationship, and each acquisition node has basically the same structure and is within the wireless signal coverage of the acquisition terminal , are independent of each other, therefore, compared with the traditional wired system, it not only solves the complex field connection, but also is more flexible and reliable in application. Preferably, the MODBUS interface is an RS232 interface.

优选地,所述控制处理装置5包括插值运算模块、数据存储模块和结果数据分析模块;所述无线数据接收模块将其接收的电流形式的风速数据值(优选地,通过MODBUS(特别地是RS232)接口)送到所述控制处理装置5进行处理,所述控制处理装置5通过其内置的插值运算模块将所述电流形式的风速数据转换成相应的风速值,并存储到所述控制处理装置5内置的数据存储模块中,然后,由所述控制处理装置5内置的结果数据分析模块根据所述风速值绘制出风速轮廓线并进行紊流度的分析。优选地,所述数据存储模块包括数据库,优选地是ACCESS数据库,由于使用了数据库,因此,能满足多通道实时数据采集的要求,在数据量大时也能快速对历史数据进行回放和分析。Preferably, the control processing device 5 includes an interpolation operation module, a data storage module and a result data analysis module; ) interface) to the control processing device 5 for processing, the control processing device 5 converts the wind speed data in the form of current into corresponding wind speed values through its built-in interpolation calculation module, and stores it in the control processing device 5 built in the data storage module, and then, the result data analysis module built in the control processing device 5 draws the wind speed contour line according to the wind speed value and analyzes the degree of turbulence. Preferably, the data storage module includes a database, preferably an ACCESS database. Due to the use of the database, it can meet the requirements of multi-channel real-time data collection, and can quickly play back and analyze historical data when the amount of data is large.

优选地,所述热膜探头1在竖直方向上的分布满足对数关系,即按对数坐标排列。例如,热膜探头1距地面高度位置分别为2cm、4cm、8cm、16cm、32cm和64cm等。Preferably, the distribution of the hot film probes 1 in the vertical direction satisfies a logarithmic relationship, that is, they are arranged in logarithmic coordinates. For example, the height positions of the hot film probe 1 from the ground are respectively 2cm, 4cm, 8cm, 16cm, 32cm and 64cm.

优选地,为了达到气流经过风速廓线仪时,气流稳定性和均匀性无很大变化的目的,该风速廓线仪设计成细长体结构,优选地,其挡板迎风面设计成楔形结构,从而使得风速廓线仪在风洞流场中进行数据采集时尽量地减少对风洞原始流场的扰动和影响,以确保采集的数据能够真实的反映风洞的流场品质特性。Preferably, in order to achieve the goal that the stability and uniformity of the airflow will not change greatly when the airflow passes through the anemometer, the anemometer is designed as a slender body structure, and preferably, the windward side of the baffle is designed as a wedge-shaped structure , so that the wind speed profiler minimizes the disturbance and influence on the original flow field of the wind tunnel when collecting data in the wind tunnel flow field, so as to ensure that the collected data can truly reflect the flow field quality characteristics of the wind tunnel.

优选地,为了满足在风沙较大的野外进行工作,为了所述数据采集部和无线发送设备的结构的封闭性,其结构外部采用铁皮密封,优选地,所述铁皮的厚度为0.5mm。Preferably, in order to meet the requirements of working in the field with strong wind and sand, and for the sealing of the structure of the data collection unit and the wireless sending device, the exterior of the structure is sealed with an iron sheet. Preferably, the thickness of the iron sheet is 0.5mm.

优选地,所述数据采集部和无线发送设备是可移动的,因此具有方便携带、测点可移动、抗污染和测速范围宽的特点,能满足野外工作要求;进一步,由于热膜探头属易损元件,因此为了保护热膜探头,所述数据采集部还包括旋转装置,所述热膜探头设置在所述旋转装置上,在不使用热膜探头时,通过所述旋转装置使热膜探头被旋转至安全位置,在使用时,只需旋转所述旋转装置,即可将热膜探头旋转至工作位置。Preferably, the data acquisition unit and the wireless transmission device are movable, so they have the characteristics of easy portability, removable measurement points, anti-pollution and wide speed measurement range, and can meet the requirements of field work; further, because the hot film probe is easy to Therefore, in order to protect the hot film probe, the data acquisition part also includes a rotating device, the hot film probe is arranged on the rotating device, when the hot film probe is not in use, the hot film probe is made It is rotated to a safe position. When in use, the hot film probe can be rotated to the working position only by rotating the rotating device.

优选地,如图3所示,所述风速廓线仪采用如下的控制算法,优选地,所述控制算法设置在控制处理装置5中:Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, the wind speed profiler adopts the following control algorithm, preferably, the control algorithm is set in the control processing device 5:

(1)读取用户设置的设置参数;(1) Read the setting parameters set by the user;

(2)启动风机;(2) Start the fan;

(3)通过变频的方式控制所述风机旋转从而实现风速调节;(3) controlling the rotation of the fan by means of frequency conversion so as to realize wind speed regulation;

(4)通过查看风机旋转的转速是否稳定在某一数值,从而判断风洞中的风速是否达到稳定状态;(4) By checking whether the rotating speed of the fan is stable at a certain value, it is judged whether the wind speed in the wind tunnel has reached a stable state;

(5)如果达到稳定状态,则进行数据采集和数据处理,并显示风速和绘制风廓线;然后进一步改变风速,继续执行步骤(3);(5) If the steady state is reached, then carry out data collection and data processing, and display the wind speed and draw the wind profile; then further change the wind speed and continue to perform step (3);

(6)如果未达到稳定状态,则继续执行步骤(3)。(6) If the steady state is not reached, proceed to step (3).

优选地,还包括在测试完毕后,执行停机的步骤。Preferably, it also includes the step of shutting down after the test is completed.

本发明中的风速廓线仪中的控制处理装置采用模块化结构设计,以便于扩充、调试及修改,风速数据采集系统是一个多通道采集系统,完成风速、温度等参数的同步采集。The control processing device in the wind speed profiler in the present invention adopts a modular structure design to facilitate expansion, debugging and modification. The wind speed data acquisition system is a multi-channel acquisition system to complete the synchronous acquisition of parameters such as wind speed and temperature.

本发明中的风速廓线仪采用整体的热膜风速元件,其抗振和抗污染能力远远高于传统的热线风速计,具有很高的长期稳定性;此外,其具有多种安装方式,可以很方便的将探头固定在被测气流位置;进一步,所述风速廓线仪具有精度高,一致性好的特点,对极低风速有灵敏的响应,接近0m/s空气速率的准确测量,能够精确测量风的平均速度、方向、脉动速度及其频谱和温度;最后,所述风速廓线仪中的热膜探头可在24VDC供电下,输出为4-20mA或0-5V标准信号,其输出信号与风速为线性关系。The anemometer in the present invention adopts the integral hot-film anemometer, and its anti-vibration and anti-pollution ability is far higher than that of the traditional hot-wire anemometer, and has high long-term stability; in addition, it has multiple installation methods, The probe can be easily fixed at the measured airflow position; further, the wind speed profiler has the characteristics of high precision and good consistency, sensitive response to extremely low wind speed, and accurate measurement of air speed close to 0m/s, It can accurately measure the average speed, direction, pulsation speed and its frequency spectrum and temperature of the wind; finally, the hot film probe in the wind speed profiler can output a 4-20mA or 0-5V standard signal under the power supply of 24VDC, which The output signal has a linear relationship with the wind speed.

Claims (8)

1. a wind tunnel speed profiler is characterized in that: comprise data acquisition section, Wireless Data Transmission section and control treating apparatus, described data acquisition section comprises a plurality of hotting masks probes and data collecting card;
Described Wireless Data Transmission section comprises wireless transmission device and radio receiver, described hotting mask probe is connected with described data collecting card, the wind velocity signal that described hotting mask probe collects converts voltage signal to and delivers to the A/D converter in described data collecting card after calibration, thereby make described data collecting card complete the collection to the wind velocity signal of the output of described hotting mask probe, and the air speed data that it is collected send to described wireless transmission device;
The air speed data that described wireless transmission device receives it sends to described radio receiver wirelessly, described control treating apparatus is connected with radio receiver, thereby obtain the air speed data that described radio receiver receives, and the air speed data that it is got is analyzed and is processed ;
Described data acquisition section also comprises whirligig, described hotting mask probe is arranged on described whirligig, when not using described hotting mask probe, by described whirligig, described hotting mask probe is rotated to home, in use, only need the described whirligig of rotation, can be by the rotation of hotting mask probe to working position.
2. wind tunnel speed profiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the air speed data that described wireless transmission device timesharing ground receives it outwards sends.
3. wind tunnel speed profiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: each described hotting mask probe is built as sensor node.
4. wind tunnel speed profiler as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described control treating apparatus comprises interpolation arithmetic module, data memory module and result data analysis module.
5. wind tunnel speed profiler as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described interpolation arithmetic module is for converting the air speed data of current forms to corresponding air speed value.
6. wind tunnel speed profiler as described as claim 1-5 any one is characterized in that: the distribution of described hotting mask probe in the vertical direction meets logarithmic relationship.
7. wind tunnel speed profiler as described as claim 1-5 any one, it is characterized in that: described data acquisition section and wireless transmission device are movably.
8. wind tunnel speed profiler as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: described sensor node composition sensor network.
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