CN102254321A - Method for automatically identifying polarity-reversed channel based on first arrival wave - Google Patents
Method for automatically identifying polarity-reversed channel based on first arrival wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN102254321A CN102254321A CN2011101303031A CN201110130303A CN102254321A CN 102254321 A CN102254321 A CN 102254321A CN 2011101303031 A CN2011101303031 A CN 2011101303031A CN 201110130303 A CN201110130303 A CN 201110130303A CN 102254321 A CN102254321 A CN 102254321A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for automatically identifying a polarity-reversed channel based on a first arrival wave. The method comprises the following steps of: converting a seismic record oscillogram of a plurality of seismic channels into a grayscale, and performing edge detection on the grayscale to obtain boundary points of each seismic channel; determining uncertain boundary points in the obtained boundary points and deleting the uncertain boundary points; performing interpolation on the rest of boundary points of the seismic channels to obtain the boundary points of all the seismic channels; mapping the smoothed boundary points to the seismic record oscillogram so as to pick up a first takeoff of each seismic channel; and judging the polarity of the seismic channels according to whether a first arrival peak is behind the first arrival takeoff of the seismic channels.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the geological data process field, more particularly, relate to method based on primary wave identification reversed polarity road.
Background technology
In petroleum prospecting, extremely important for the evaluation of open-air monitor record quality, reversed polarity often occurs in single big gun data, therefore, the evaluation and the analysis of reversed polarity is seemed particularly important.
Yet, the identifications that are confined to naked eyes of present recognition method more, so workload is big, recognition efficiency is low, needs high efficiency recognition methods.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve the recognition efficiency of the seismic trace in the seismologic record data, the invention provides a kind of method based on primary wave identification reversed polarity road.
A kind of method based on primary wave identification reversed polarity road according to the present invention comprises step: the seismologic record oscillogram of a plurality of seismic traces is converted into gray-scale map and gray-scale map is carried out the frontier point that rim detection obtains each seismic trace; Incorrect frontier point in the frontier point of determining to obtain is also deleted; Frontier point by remaining seismic trace carries out the frontier point that interpolation obtains all seismic traces; The frontier point of smoothing processing is mapped to the first arrival take-off that the seismologic record oscillogram is picked up each seismic trace; And, whether be the polarity that the first arrival crest is judged seismic trace after the first arrival take-off according to seismic trace.
In addition, can carry out conic fitting to the frontier point that obtains, the distance that will depart from fit line surpasses the predetermined value frontier point and is defined as incorrect frontier point and deletes.
In addition, determine that incorrect frontier point in the frontier point and the step of deleting can comprise: (a) frontier point to obtaining by rim detection, judge the seismic trace before each seismic trace and this seismic trace frontier point time the difference absolute value and with this seismic trace after the absolute value of difference of time of frontier point of seismic trace in whether at least one poor greater than Preset Time, if poor greater than Preset Time, then the frontier point of this seismic trace is confirmed as incorrect frontier point and deleted; (b) the remaining frontier point to passing through step (a), calculate the average absolute of difference of time of the frontier point of all adjacent seismic traces, judge the seismic trace before each seismic trace and this seismic trace frontier point time the difference absolute value and with this seismic trace after the absolute value of difference of time of frontier point of seismic trace at least one whether greater than 4 times of described mean value, if greater than 4 times, then the frontier point of this seismic trace is confirmed as incorrect frontier point and deletes; (c) repeating step (b), the difference absolute value of the time of the frontier point of the seismic trace before remaining each seismic trace and this seismic trace and with this seismic trace after the absolute value of difference of time of frontier point of seismic trace all less than 1.5 times of described mean value.
In addition, be the polarity that first arrival trough or first arrival crest are determined this seismic trace by the preset distance place, first arrival jump space of judging each seismic trace.
According to the present invention, utilize Image Edge-Detection that the first arrival of single big gun data is judged automatically, on the basis of judging automatically, utilize the polarity amplitude characteristic to judge the polarity of seismic trace again, thereby improved the efficient of judging the polarity of seismic trace.
Description of drawings
By the description of embodiment being carried out below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, these and/or other aspect of the present invention and advantage will become clear and be easier to and understand, wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates the process flow diagram of discerning the method in reversed polarity road according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention based on primary wave.
Fig. 2 illustrates the definite incorrect frontier point of another exemplary embodiment according to the present invention and the process flow diagram of the step of deleting.
Fig. 3 illustrates use and discerns the reversed polarity road that the method in reversed polarity road is judged automatically according to of the present invention automatically based on primary wave.
Embodiment
Now the embodiment of the invention is described in detail, its example shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein, identical label is represented same parts all the time.Below with reference to the accompanying drawings embodiment is described to explain the present invention.
In the geological data process field, primary wave typically refers to by shot point and excites, and arrives the seismic signal of acceptance point at first.The source of primary wave is very extensive, has almost contained the seismic event of all kinds, comprises direct wave, reflection wave, refraction wave, diffracted wave, diving Wave etc.Because in the seismic signal that arrives same point, the travel-time of primary wave is the shortest, energy is stronger usually.
Below, describe the method for discerning the reversed polarity road according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention based on primary wave in detail with reference to Fig. 1.Fig. 1 illustrates the process flow diagram of discerning the method in reversed polarity road according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention based on primary wave.
At step S101, the seismologic record oscillogram of a plurality of seismic traces is converted into gray-scale map and gray-scale map is carried out the frontier point that rim detection obtains each seismic trace.
Primary wave shows as the boundary of effective received signal in seismologic record, energy is strong, take-off is obvious, and the first arrival take-off time between each seismic trace is relatively more continuous usually in the seismic trace set, wherein, and the beginning of first arrival take-off indication primary wave signal.Therefore, the line of time of the first arrival take-off of each seismic trace in the seismic trace set can be regarded as border between disturbance and the seismologic record data.Therefore, can extract frontier point by rim detection, that is, and the first arrival take-off of primary wave.
Because the frontier point that uses edge detection method to obtain image is a common practise, in the description of this omission to it.
In step 102, the incorrect frontier point in the frontier point of determining to obtain is also deleted.
Owing to there being reason such as error in the edge detection algorithm, need to determine whether the frontier point of each seismic trace of obtaining is correct frontier point.Because the time of the first arrival take-off of the primary wave between each seismic trace is continuous, therefore, the frontier point of acquisition also should be continuous in time.So frontier point that can be by judging seismic trace whether with its near the frontier point of seismic trace whether continuous in time, determine whether the frontier point of this seismic trace is correct frontier point.If not correct frontier point, then delete the frontier point of this seismic trace and obtain the frontier point of this seismic trace by interpolation method.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present, the frontier point that obtains in step 101 is carried out conic fitting, whether the distance of judging the frontier point of seismic trace and matched curve is greater than predetermined value, if greater than predetermined value, then the frontier point of this seismic trace is defined as incorrect frontier point and deletes.
Another exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, the continuity of the time of the time of the frontier point by judging seismic trace and near the frontier point of the seismic trace this seismic trace determines whether this seismic trace is correct frontier point.The time of frontier point refers to the time that seismic trace detects the first arrival take-off of primary wave.
Below, describe the definite incorrect frontier point of another exemplary embodiment and the step of deleting in detail with reference to Fig. 2 according to the present invention.Fig. 2 illustrates the definite incorrect frontier point of another exemplary embodiment according to the present invention and the process flow diagram of the step of deleting.
In step 201, frontier point to the seismic trace of acquisition in step 101, judge the seismic trace before the frontier point of each seismic trace and this seismic trace frontier point time difference absolute value and with this seismic trace after the absolute value of difference of time of frontier point of seismic trace in whether at least one poor greater than Preset Time, if at least one in two absolute values is poor greater than Preset Time, then the frontier point of this seismic trace is confirmed as incorrect frontier point and deleted.
Suppose the time (that is the time of the first arrival take-off of primary wave) of the frontier point of T (n) expression n seismic trace.Judge | T (n)-T (n-1) | and | T (n+1)-T (n) | at least one whether greater than Preset Time difference T
PresetIf | T (n)-T (n-1) | and | T (n+1)-T (n) | at least one greater than T
Preset, this seismic trace then, promptly the frontier point of n seismic trace is incorrect frontier point and deletes.
When the frontier point of n seismic trace is confirmed as incorrect frontier point, delete the frontier point of n seismic trace.Therefore, when whether the frontier point of determining (n+1) seismic trace is correct frontier point, the frontier point of (n+1) seismic trace was compared with the time of the frontier point of (n-1) seismic trace and (n+2) seismic trace.
Whether the frontier point of judging all seismic traces as stated above successively is incorrect frontier point and deletes incorrect frontier point.
In step 202, the frontier point of remaining seismic trace to passing through step 201, calculate the average absolute of mistiming of the frontier point of all adjacent seismic traces, judge then the seismic trace before the frontier point of each seismic trace and this seismic trace frontier point time difference absolute value and with this seismic trace after the absolute value of difference of time of frontier point of seismic trace at least one whether greater than 4 times of described mean value, if greater than 4 times, then the frontier point of this seismic trace is confirmed as incorrect frontier point and deletes.
Suppose that through after the step 201, the seismic trace quantity corresponding with remaining frontier point is N, and respectively be the 1st seismic trace, the 2nd seismic trace, the 3rd seismic trace ..., N-1 seismic trace and N seismic trace.
Calculate the average absolute of mistiming of the frontier point of adjacent seismic trace, that is,
Wherein, the time of the frontier point of T (i) expression i seismic trace.
Judge | T (n)-T (n-1) | and | T (n+1)-T (n) | at least one whether greater than 4 T
Ave
If | T (n)-T (n-1) | and | T (n+1)-T (n) | at least one greater than 4T
Ave, the frontier point of this seismic trace then, that is, the frontier point of n seismic trace is incorrect frontier point and deletes.Whether the frontier point of judging all seismic traces of residue as stated above is incorrect frontier point and deletes incorrect frontier point.
In step 203, judge through step 202 and in the remaining seismic trace, the absolute value of the time value difference of the frontier point of the seismic trace before the frontier point of each seismic trace and this seismic trace and with the absolute value of the difference of time of the frontier point of this seismic trace seismic trace afterwards at least one whether greater than 1.5 T
AveDoubly, that is, judge | T (n)-T (n-1) | and | T (n+1)-T (n) | at least one whether greater than 1.5 T
AveIf at least one in the remaining seismic trace satisfies above-mentioned condition, then remaining seismic trace is re-executed as the described method of step 203, satisfy above-mentioned condition up to remaining frontier point.
In step 103, carry out the frontier point that interpolation obtains all seismic traces by frontier point to remaining seismic trace;
In step 104, the frontier point of smoothing processing is mapped to the first arrival take-off that the seismologic record oscillogram is picked up each seismic trace.
In step 105, whether be the polarity that the first arrival crest is judged seismic trace after the first arrival take-off according to seismic trace.For each seismic trace, begin scanning from frontier point, when after frontier point, at first scanning the first arrival crest, judge that this seismic trace is the reversed polarity road, when after frontier point, at first scanning the first arrival trough on the contrary, judge that this seismic trace is the polarity road.
Alternatively, can be the polarity of first arrival trough or definite this seismic trace of first arrival crest by judging with preset distance place, first arrival jump space.For example, be crest (that is, the first arrival crest) if play preset distance place, jump space with first arrival, then this seismic trace is the reversed polarity road; If playing preset distance place, jump space with first arrival is trough (that is, the first arrival trough), then this seismic trace is confirmed as the polarity road.
Fig. 3 illustrates use and discerns the reversed polarity road that the method in reversed polarity road is judged automatically according to of the present invention automatically based on primary wave.Among Fig. 3, X-axis is represented seismic trace, the Y-axis express time.Square frame among Fig. 3 is partly represented the reversed polarity road.
According to the present invention, utilize Image Edge-Detection that the first arrival of single big gun data is judged automatically, on the basis of judging automatically, utilize the polarity amplitude characteristic to judge the polarity of seismic trace again, thereby improved the efficient of judging the polarity of seismic trace.
Though represented and described some embodiments of the present invention, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that under the situation that does not break away from the principle of the present invention that limits its scope by claim and equivalent thereof and spirit, can make amendment to these embodiment.
Claims (4)
1. the method based on primary wave identification reversed polarity road is characterized in that, comprises step:
The seismologic record oscillogram of a plurality of seismic traces is converted into gray-scale map and gray-scale map is carried out the frontier point that rim detection obtains each seismic trace;
Incorrect frontier point in the frontier point of determining to obtain is also deleted;
Frontier point by remaining seismic trace carries out the frontier point that interpolation obtains all seismic traces;
The frontier point of all seismic traces that will obtain by interpolation is mapped to the first arrival take-off that the seismologic record oscillogram is picked up each seismic trace; And
Whether after the first arrival take-off according to seismic trace is the polarity that the first arrival crest is judged seismic trace.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the frontier point that obtains is carried out conic fitting, and the distance that will depart from fit line surpasses the predetermined value frontier point and is defined as incorrect frontier point and deletes.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, determines that incorrect frontier point in the frontier point and the step of deleting comprise:
(a) frontier point to obtaining by rim detection, judge the seismic trace before each seismic trace and this seismic trace frontier point time the difference absolute value and with this seismic trace after the absolute value of difference of time of frontier point of seismic trace in whether at least one poor greater than Preset Time, if poor greater than Preset Time, then the frontier point of this seismic trace is confirmed as incorrect frontier point and deleted;
(b) the remaining frontier point to passing through step (a), calculate the average absolute of difference of time of the frontier point of all adjacent seismic traces, judge the seismic trace before each seismic trace and this seismic trace frontier point time the difference absolute value and with this seismic trace after the absolute value of difference of time of frontier point of seismic trace at least one whether greater than 4 times of described mean value, if greater than 4 times, then the frontier point of this seismic trace is confirmed as incorrect frontier point and deletes;
(c) repeating step (b), the difference absolute value of the time of the frontier point of the seismic trace before remaining each seismic trace and this seismic trace and with this seismic trace after the absolute value of difference of time of frontier point of seismic trace all less than 1.5 times of described mean value.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is the polarity that first arrival trough or first arrival crest are determined this seismic trace by the preset distance place, first arrival jump space of judging each seismic trace.
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| CN108445533A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-08-24 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | The method of long offset structure phytal zone rate pattern based on OBS |
| CN110927782A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2020-03-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Effective signal determination method and system for UNITE seismic acquisition instrument data |
| CN112162321A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-01 | 中海油田服务股份有限公司 | Detection method and device for reverse-polarity seismic channel |
| CN113589377A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Seismic data polarity quantitative discrimination method based on seismic amplitude |
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| CN113589377A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Seismic data polarity quantitative discrimination method based on seismic amplitude |
| CN112162321A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-01 | 中海油田服务股份有限公司 | Detection method and device for reverse-polarity seismic channel |
| CN112162321B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2023-03-14 | 中海油田服务股份有限公司 | Detection method and device for reverse-polarity seismic channel |
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