CN102251210B - New technology for preparing hard wear resistant coating through shaped charge detonation gun spraying - Google Patents
New technology for preparing hard wear resistant coating through shaped charge detonation gun spraying Download PDFInfo
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- CN102251210B CN102251210B CN201110211824XA CN201110211824A CN102251210B CN 102251210 B CN102251210 B CN 102251210B CN 201110211824X A CN201110211824X A CN 201110211824XA CN 201110211824 A CN201110211824 A CN 201110211824A CN 102251210 B CN102251210 B CN 102251210B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a new technology for preparing a hard wear resistant coating through shaped charge detonation gun spraying and solves the defects of the conventional shaped charge detonation gun spraying technology that the workpiece to be sprayed is easy to have pits, the coating is uneven and the spraying area is small. The technology comprises the following steps: pressing shaped charge of which the density is 1.3-1.6g/cm<3> and the energy focusing cave cone angle is 40-60 degrees, then filling the WC-Co mixed powder of which the mass is 10-30% of the shaped charge and the density is 2-3g/cm<3> in the top of the energy focusing cave, fixing with a film, then arranging the shaped charge 200-400mm above the workpiece, covering a protective cover filled with inert gas outside the shaped charge and workpiece, and finally detonating the shaped charge to complete the spraying of the workpiece. The coating sprayed by the technology has the advantages of uniform surface, large area, low porosity, hardness, wear resistance and the like. In addition, the technology is simple, does not require large operation equipment and is suitable for industrialized spraying production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the spraying technology field, particularly a kind of detonation flame spraying is specially the technology that a kind of beehive-shaped charge detonation flame spraying prepares hard wear-resistant coating.
Background technology
In the industry, a lot of components of machine are often worked under environment such as high speed, high temperature, high pressure, highly corrosive, thereby make its surface wearing and tearing, loss, corrosive problem occur, cause the fault of component or entire equipment in modern times.Therefore, the effective process for modifying surface of researchist's active development imposes best modified method to different situations, reaches the work-ing life of prolongation equipment, the purpose that reduces cost.
A kind of basic skills that hot-spraying techniques is handled as material surface; Appear at early stage Switzerland of 20th century the earliest; Obtained continuous development in states such as the FSU, Germany, Japan, the U.S. subsequently; The exploitation of the development of various thermal spraying apparatus, new thermal spraying material and The application of new technique constantly are improved the hot spray coating quality, and have opened up new Application Areas.Along with China's rapid growth of economy, the market of hot-spraying techniques is with increasing, and the progress of the new theory of thermospray, new technology, novel method, new installation etc. becomes urgent demand.Press the different of spraying method and material, existing hot-spraying techniques can concisely be divided into five big types of flame plating, electric arc spraying, plasma spraying, supersonic spray coating (HVAF) and detonation flame sprayings etc.
Wherein, The essence of explosive spray coating is to form hard coat after the powdered material heating that utilizes the energy of pulsed gaseous detonation to be sprayed is quickened to bombard working-surface; Detonation flame spraying has the following advantages with respect to other spraying technologies: the bonding strength of (1) sprayed coating is high, porosity is low; Coating structure is not traditional layered structure, but an integral body.(2) with the coating of sample ingredient, the coating hardness that detonation flame spraying forms is higher than the coating that additive method forms.(3) detonation flame spraying process moment completion, even in atmosphere, carry out, the oxidation of coating also seldom.
In last century Mo; People such as Gromilov and Kinelovskii has reported first beehive-shaped charge has been used for the detonation flame spraying process metal surfaces, and this method is earlier W powder and C powder to be mixed and made into dusty spray, dusty spray is packed into process cavity liner in the two layers of paper then; And this cavity liner is attached on the sockets for collecting energy inwall of beehive-shaped charge; Then beehive-shaped charge is placed directly over the workpiece, ignite beehive-shaped charge at last, under the effect of explosion wave; Dusty spray forms high speed WC particle beam striking work surface, reaches the purpose on spray treatment surface.The beehive-shaped charge detonation flame spraying is compared with the traditional bomb spraying; The conjugation of workpiece and coating is higher; The intensity of coating, fastness to rubbing are also higher; But because the specific dress powder mode of beehive-shaped charge and the restriction of cavity liner structure; Cause the beehive-shaped charge detonation flame spraying to have following shortcoming: what (1) blast back dusty spray formed is the high velocity powder particle beam that one head speed is high, tail speed is low and since energy too concentrate irregular with speed, can cause that workpiece surface is prone to into the hole, coating is inhomogeneous.(2) because there is deficiency in the cavity liner ME, make the dusty spray density unevenness in the cavity liner even, cause coating inhomogeneous.(3) be that one powder particle bundle, divergency are not high owing to what form after the blast, so cause spray area less.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve existing beehive-shaped charge explosive spray coating because the restriction of dress powder mode and cavity liner structure; Exist workpiece to be painted to be prone to into shortcomings such as hole, spray-on coating is inhomogeneous, spray area is little, and provide a kind of new beehive-shaped charge detonation flame spraying to prepare the technology of hard wear-resistant coating.The present invention has changed the dress powder mode of conventional beehive-shaped charge detonation flame spraying, has removed the cavity liner structure, thereby has protected workpiece to be painted well, has increased spray area, and makes coatingsurface more even.
The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
A kind of beehive-shaped charge detonation flame spraying prepares the novel process of hard wear-resistant coating, comprises the steps:
(1) compacting of beehive-shaped charge: explosive is packed in the beehive-shaped charge mould, and being pressed into density is 1.3 ~ 1.6g/cm
3, the sockets for collecting energy cone angle is 40 ° ~ 60 ° beehive-shaped charge, wherein, there is the detonator slot at described beehive-shaped charge top center place;
(2) filling of dusty spray: the dusty spray of getting quality and be beehive-shaped charge quality 10 ~ 30% is packed in the sockets for collecting energy of inverted beehive-shaped charge, and making its dress powder density is 2 ~ 3g/cm
3, re-use and will load good dusty spray with the bonding film of sockets for collecting energy inwall and cover fixingly, wherein, described dusty spray is that 70 ~ 90% WC and 30 ~ 10% Co form by massfraction;
The beehive-shaped charge that (three) will install dusty spray be located at workpiece to be painted directly over 200 ~ 400mm place (being the height of burst of beehive-shaped charge), then in beehive-shaped charge and the outside sheathed protective guard sealing of whole workpiece to be painted, and in protective guard, be filled with rare gas element;
(4) ignite beehive-shaped charge through electrical detonator, drive dusty spray high-speed impact workpiece to be painted, accomplish spraying operation.
Further, the explosive in the said step () is the insensitive high energy explosive that is the main body with hexogen or HMX.The explosion velocity of hexogen, HMX explosive is fast, detonation pressure is high, can make the bonding strength between workpiece to be painted and dusty spray higher; In addition, because the mould of compacting beehive-shaped charge has fixed specification and model, the volume of the beehive-shaped charge that promptly is pressed into is certain, so can calculate the quality of the beehive-shaped charge that is pressed into according to pressed density.
The WC powder in the said step (two) and the particle diameter of Co powder are 8 ~ 60 μ m.Coating conjugation behind the powder spraying of this particle diameter is good, and hardness and fastness to rubbing are high.
Protective guard in the said step (three) is the common plastics bag.Protective guard is for preventing WC powder oxidized decarburization that causes coating in blast process, having guaranteed the intensity and the hardness of coating; Not only provided cost savings but also good airproof performance as protective guard with the common plastics bag, economical and practical.
Beehive-shaped charge in the said step () can be conical beehive-shaped charge (like Fig. 1) or linear shaped powder charge (like Fig. 2).According to different workpiece, can select difform beehive-shaped charge, to reach better spraying effect.
Beehive-shaped charge among the present invention is a prior art, and the beehive-shaped charge of different size and model is arranged, and the concrete making of beehive-shaped charge is that those skilled in the art realize easily; The height of burst of said beehive-shaped charge is meant when spraying operation, the distance between beehive-shaped charge and workpiece to be painted.
The present invention compares with conventional beehive-shaped charge detonation flame spraying, has removed the cavity liner structure in the beehive-shaped charge, has changed the dress powder mode of beehive-shaped charge, dusty spray has been contained in the top of sockets for collecting energy.Technology of the present invention is at the beehive-shaped charge explosion time; Driven dusty spray can not form one head speed is high, tail speed is low powder particle bundle; But can form disperse, speed is than the powder particle of homogeneous stream; Like this coating area of spray will be relatively large, coatingsurface also more evenly, the coating void content is lower than 2.0%, and shows that through metallographicobservation workpiece surface after the spray of the present invention does not have pit and forms, and protected workpiece to be painted well; The present invention uses WC and Co powder mix as dusty spray, can make spray Bond Strength of Coating, hardness, fastness to rubbing higher, and the coat-thickness through test shows spray of the present invention is 200 ~ 450 μ m, coating microhardness (HV
500) can reach 20 ~ 25GPa, (15 ~ 18GPa) have improved 11% ~ 38% than the coating hardness of existing gaseous detonation spraying gained; Beehive-shaped charge detonation flame spraying technology among the present invention has also increased inert gas filled protective guard, has prevented the oxidation and decarbonization problem of WC-Co coating under the bad border of high temperature well, has further guaranteed coating higher binding strength, hardness and fastness to rubbing.The present invention draws parameters such as preferred charge density, sockets for collecting energy angle of taper, dress powder density and the height of burst through TE, thus spray go out to meet the high-performance WC-Co hard wear-resistant coating of different technologies requirement.
Technology of the present invention is simple, flexible operation, easy to use, need not large-scale implement, and the operation place is also unrestricted, is suitable for the industriallization spraying and produces.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is conical loaded constitution of power-assembling synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a linear shaped loaded constitution synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 is a beehive-shaped charge detonation flame spraying apparatus structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1-explosive, 2-detonator slot, 3-sockets for collecting energy, 4-dusty spray, 5-film, 6-protective guard, 7-workpiece to be painted.
Embodiment
(1) compacting of beehive-shaped charge: insensitiveness hexogen high explosive 1 is packed in the conical beehive-shaped charge mould, and being pressed into density is 1.3g/cm
3, sockets for collecting energy 3 cone angles are 50 ° conical beehive-shaped charge, and in the detonator slot 2 of beehive-shaped charge, plug electrical detonator;
(2) filling of dusty spray 4: the dusty spray 4 of getting quality and be beehive-shaped charge quality 10% packs in the sockets for collecting energy of inverted beehive-shaped charge 3 into, and making its dress powder density is 2.5g/cm
3, re-using and the dusty spray that installs 4 is covered fixing with the bonding film 5 of sockets for collecting energy 3 inwalls, wherein said dusty spray 4 is that the Co of 90% WC and 10% forms and granularity is 35 μ m by massfraction;
The beehive-shaped charge that (three) will install dusty spray 4 be located at workpiece 7 to be painted directly over the 200mm place, then in beehive-shaped charge and sheathed plastics bag 6 sealings of workpiece to be painted 7 integral outer, and in plastics bag 6, be filled with N
2As shielding gas;
(4) ignite beehive-shaped charge through electrical detonator, drive WC and Co powder high-speed impact workpiece 7 to be painted, accomplish spraying operation.
This workpiece surface to be painted is all by the spray coating, and passes through test shows: the coat-thickness of gained is that 200 μ m, void content are 1.7%; Coating microhardness (HV
500) reach 25GPa, (15 ~ 18GPa) have improved at least 38.9% than the coating hardness of existing gaseous detonation spraying gained; Show that through metallographicobservation workpiece surface to be painted does not have pit and forms.
(1) compacting of beehive-shaped charge: insensitiveness HMX high explosive 1 is packed in the linear shaped charging mould, and being pressed into density is 1.5g/cm
3, sockets for collecting energy 3 cone angles are 60 ° linear shaped powder charge, and in the detonator slot 2 of beehive-shaped charge, plug electrical detonator;
(2) filling of dusty spray 4: the dusty spray 4 of getting quality and be beehive-shaped charge quality 30% packs in the sockets for collecting energy of inverted beehive-shaped charge 3 into, and making its dress powder density is 2.0g/cm
3, re-using and the dusty spray that installs 4 is covered fixing with the bonding film 5 of sockets for collecting energy 3 inwalls, wherein said dusty spray 4 is that the Co of 70% WC and 30% forms and granularity is 60 μ m by massfraction;
The beehive-shaped charge that (three) will install dusty spray 4 be located at workpiece 7 to be painted directly over the 300mm place, then in beehive-shaped charge and sheathed plastics bag 6 sealings of workpiece to be painted 7 integral outer, and in plastics bag 6, be filled with CO
2Gas is as shielding gas;
(4) ignite beehive-shaped charge through electrical detonator, drive WC and Co powder high-speed impact workpiece 7 to be painted, accomplish spraying operation.
This workpiece surface to be painted is all by the spray coating, and through test shows: the coat-thickness of gained is that 450 μ m, void content are 2.0%; Coating microhardness (HV
500) reach 20GPa, (15 ~ 18GPa) have improved at least 11.1% than the coating hardness of existing gaseous detonation spraying gained; Also show that through metallographicobservation workpiece surface to be painted does not have pit and forms.
(1) compacting of beehive-shaped charge: insensitiveness hexogen high explosive 1 is packed in the conical beehive-shaped charge mould, and being pressed into density is 1.6g/cm
3, sockets for collecting energy 3 cone angles are 40 ° conical beehive-shaped charge, and in the detonator slot 2 of beehive-shaped charge, plug electrical detonator;
(2) filling of dusty spray 4: the dusty spray 4 of getting quality and be beehive-shaped charge quality 20% packs in the sockets for collecting energy of inverted beehive-shaped charge 3 into, and making its dress powder density is 3.0g/cm
3, re-using and the dusty spray that installs 4 is covered fixing with the bonding film 5 of sockets for collecting energy 3 inwalls, wherein said dusty spray 4 is that the Co of 80% WC and 20% forms and granularity is 8 μ m by massfraction;
The beehive-shaped charge that (three) will install dusty spray 4 be located at workpiece 7 to be painted directly over the 400mm place, then in beehive-shaped charge and sheathed plastics bag 6 sealings of workpiece to be painted 7 integral outer, and in plastics bag 6, be filled with CO
2Gas is as shielding gas;
(4) ignite beehive-shaped charge through electrical detonator, drive WC and Co powder high-speed impact workpiece 7 to be painted, accomplish spraying operation.
This workpiece surface to be painted is all by the spray coating, and through test shows: the coat-thickness of gained is that 300 μ m, void content are 1.8%; Coating microhardness (HV
500) reach 23GPa, (15 ~ 18GPa) have improved at least 27.8% than the coating hardness of existing gaseous detonation spraying gained; Also show that through metallographicobservation workpiece surface to be painted does not have pit and forms.
Claims (8)
1. a beehive-shaped charge detonation flame spraying prepares the technology of hard wear-resistant coating, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) compacting of beehive-shaped charge: explosive (1) is packed in the beehive-shaped charge mould, and being pressed into density is 1.3 ~ 1.6g/cm
3, sockets for collecting energy (3) cone angle is 40 ° ~ 60 ° beehive-shaped charge, wherein, there is detonator slot (2) at described beehive-shaped charge top center place, described explosive (1) is the insensitive high energy explosive that is the main body with hexogen or HMX;
(2) filling of dusty spray (4): get in the sockets for collecting energy (3) of the dusty spray that quality is a beehive-shaped charge quality 10 ~ 30% (4) the inverted beehive-shaped charge of packing into, making its dress powder density is 2 ~ 3g/cm
3, re-use and will load good dusty spray (4) with the bonding film (5) of sockets for collecting energy (3) inwall and cover and fix, wherein, described dusty spray (4) is that 70 ~ 90% WC and 30 ~ 10% Co form by massfraction;
The beehive-shaped charge that (three) will install dusty spray (4) be located at workpiece to be painted (7) directly over 200 ~ 400mm place; Seal in beehive-shaped charge and the sheathed protective guard of workpiece to be painted (7) integral outer (6) then, and in protective guard (6), be filled with rare gas element;
(4) ignite beehive-shaped charge through electrical detonator, drive dusty spray (4) high-speed impact workpiece to be painted (7), accomplish spraying operation.
2. a kind of beehive-shaped charge detonation flame spraying according to claim 1 prepares the technology of hard wear-resistant coating, it is characterized in that: the WC powder in the said step (two) and the particle diameter of Co powder are 8 ~ 60 μ m.
3. a kind of beehive-shaped charge detonation flame spraying according to claim 1 prepares the technology of hard wear-resistant coating, it is characterized in that: the protective guard (6) in the said step (three) is the common plastics bag.
4. a kind of beehive-shaped charge detonation flame spraying according to claim 2 prepares the technology of hard wear-resistant coating, it is characterized in that: the protective guard (6) in the said step (three) is the common plastics bag.
5. a kind of beehive-shaped charge detonation flame spraying according to claim 1 prepares the technology of hard wear-resistant coating, it is characterized in that: described beehive-shaped charge can be conical beehive-shaped charge or linear shaped powder charge.
6. a kind of beehive-shaped charge detonation flame spraying according to claim 2 prepares the technology of hard wear-resistant coating, it is characterized in that: described beehive-shaped charge can be conical beehive-shaped charge or linear shaped powder charge.
7. a kind of beehive-shaped charge detonation flame spraying according to claim 3 prepares the technology of hard wear-resistant coating, it is characterized in that: described beehive-shaped charge can be conical beehive-shaped charge or linear shaped powder charge.
8. a kind of beehive-shaped charge detonation flame spraying according to claim 4 prepares the technology of hard wear-resistant coating, it is characterized in that: described beehive-shaped charge can be conical beehive-shaped charge or linear shaped powder charge.
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| CN103966541B (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2016-04-27 | 西安近代化学研究所 | A kind of detonation flame spraying method based on explosion-induced loads |
| CN103966595B (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2016-03-30 | 中北大学 | The device and method of wear resistant and rustproof coating is prepared at inside pipe wall |
| CN104084688B (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2017-01-04 | 湖北金兰特种金属材料有限公司 | Reduce the novel medicated bag of explosive welding fire point |
| CN104404439B (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2019-10-18 | 兰州理工大学 | Pipe and the continuous wire feed electrical explosion spraying device of hole inner wall |
| CN104646819A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-05-27 | 南京三邦金属复合材料有限公司 | Energy cavity explosive welding method |
| CN104451531B (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2016-11-30 | 西安近代化学研究所 | A kind of detonation flame spraying method for sheet metal |
| CN107053712A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-08-18 | 遵义市兴英鹏塑料包装有限公司 | The manufacture craft of corrosion-resistant medicine bottle |
| CN108385052B (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2023-10-27 | 王东曦 | Explosion spraying device and explosion spraying process |
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| US4044217A (en) * | 1975-05-07 | 1977-08-23 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Sliding surface working method using wire-explosion coating |
| CN1782126A (en) * | 2004-11-29 | 2006-06-07 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for preparing hard wear-resistant coating |
| CN101724804A (en) * | 2008-10-22 | 2010-06-09 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Process method for repairing small-size by explosion spraying of nickel chrome alloy |
| CN101550526B (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2013-04-17 | 机械科学研究院浙江分院有限公司 | Method of wire explosion spraying executed directly by powder material |
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