CN102250590A - Method for preparing immersion thermal storage material for solar air conditioner - Google Patents
Method for preparing immersion thermal storage material for solar air conditioner Download PDFInfo
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- CN102250590A CN102250590A CN2011101308181A CN201110130818A CN102250590A CN 102250590 A CN102250590 A CN 102250590A CN 2011101308181 A CN2011101308181 A CN 2011101308181A CN 201110130818 A CN201110130818 A CN 201110130818A CN 102250590 A CN102250590 A CN 102250590A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing an immersion thermal storage material for a solar air conditioner, which comprises: (1) preparing a raw material, wherein the used raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 25 to 50 percent of waste steel balls with a diameter of 10 to 30 millimeters, 20 to 35 percent of steel slag or copper slag aggregate of a particle size of 5 to 10 millimeters, 15 to 40 percent of barite of a particle size of 5 to 20 millimeters and 15 to 30 percent of basalt of particle size of 10 to 20 millimeters; and (2) preparing the immersion thermal storage material, namely washing the raw materials, drying for 4 to 6 hours at 105 to 120 DEG C, uniformly mixing according to the ratio for 5 to 20 minutes, and obtaining the immersion thermal storage material. When the method is used, the environment pollution problem of industrial waste slag is solved, the material cost can be lowered greatly, and the heat exchange efficiency of a thermal storage is improved greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat-storing material, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method who is used for the immersion type heat-storing material of solar airconditioning.
Background technology
Hold over system is the important technology in the solar thermal utilization always.The heat-storing material that is used for solar thermal utilization should satisfy following requirement: heat accumulating should have high energy density; Heat accumulating and heat exchanger fluid should have good thermal conduction; Heat accumulating should have good chemistry and mechanical stability; Good chemical compatibility is arranged between heat accumulating and heat exchanger and the heat exchanger fluid; In heat accumulation and heat release working cycle, answer completely reversibility; Low-cost.
As heat-storing material sensible heat and latent heat material in the solar thermal utilization, the latent heat material is mainly used fused salt (KNO at present
3, NaNO
3Or both mixtures).But fused salt exist one very obvious defects be its stronger corrodibility, heat exchanging pipe and other affiliated facility are had very strong corrosion behavior, increased the running cost of system thus, also reduced the security of system stability.Heat accumulatings such as sensible heat material such as concrete, iron ore are one of ideal candidates heat accumulatings that is used for solar thermal utilization owing to have plurality of advantages such as stable performance, cost is low, heat storage capacity is strong.
Document 1(Kakiuchi; Hiroyuki; Oka; Masahiro, US patent (No. 5567346)) having reported Japanese scholar's United States Patent (USP), is the heat-storing material that main raw material is formed with sodium sulfate, ammonium chloride, Sodium Bromide and ammonium sulfate wherein.
Document 2(Ross; Randy, US patent (No. 5685151)) patent has reported then and has been used for the solar thermal utilization heat-storing material that major ingredients is a sodium-chlor.
Document 3(Kadir Tun bilek, Ahmet Sari, Sefa Tarhan et al.Lauric and palmitic acids eutectic mixture as latent heat storage material for low temperature heating applications Energy, 2005,30 (5): 677-692), document 4(Ahmet Sar. Eutectic mixtures of some fatty acids for latent heat storage:Thermal properties and thermal reliability with respect to thermal cycling, Energy Conversion and Management, 2006,47 (9-10): 1207-1221) with document 5(Atul Sharma, Lee Dong Won, D Buddhi and Jun Un Park.Numerical heat transfer studies of the fatty acids for different heat exchanger materials on the performance of a latent heat storage system Renewable Energy, 2005,30 (14): 2179-2187) reported under the low temperature, at the fatty acid phase change heat storage material of building use.
Document 6(Zhengguo Zhang and Xiaoming Fang.Study on paraffin/expanded graphite composite phase change thermal energy storage material. Energy Conversion and Management, 2006,47 (3): 303-310) with document 7(V. Shatikian, G. Ziskind and R. Letan.Numerical investigation of a PCM-based heat sink with internal fins .International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2005,48(17): 3689-3706) then reported the phase change heat storage material of forming with paraffin and expanded graphite.
By the heat-storing material of reporting in the above document as can be known, itself otherwise be that cost is too high, the security of system is had significant effects, or can only under low temperature, use.The heat-storing material that solar airconditioning is used must be considered the over-all properties of its use under prerequisite cheaply.Solar airconditioning is to utilize sun power to drive air-conditioning to freeze or heat, but up to the present, yet there are no the solar airconditioning large-scale industrialization, chief reason is exactly the disappearance of heat storage technology, be that solar airconditioning can only use having under the condition of sun power, run into overcast and rainy or then can't utilize solar energy during evening, can only rely on electrically heated or other type of heating to assist additional heat, cause its production cost too high like this, when some area has electricity, only can't not use, greatly limit its large-scale promotion and use.Fig. 1 is the solar airconditioning work principle, and by heat collector come thermal-arrest when sunlight is arranged daytime, start oil pump, make heat-conducting oil heating, promote solar airconditioning work, unnecessary energy storage is then utilized thermal oil heat-obtaining from thermophore evening in thermophore, promote solar airconditioning work.From disclosed report, yet there are no the preparation of solar airconditioning with heat-storing material and regenerative apparatus.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: for overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of preparation method who is used for the immersion type heat-storing material of solar airconditioning is provided, this method is set about from choice of regenerative, grating and ratio to material are optimized design, thereby can produce a kind of new type solar energy idle call heat-storing material with excellent over-all properties at low cost.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts following technical scheme:
The preparation method who is used for the immersion type heat-storing material of solar airconditioning provided by the invention, its step comprises:
(1) batching:
The weight ratio of raw materials used composition and granularity are: steel scrap ball 25～50%, diameter 10～30mm; Slag or copper ashes aggregate 20～35%, granularity 5～10 mm; Barite 15～40%, granularity 5～20 mm; Basalt 15～30%, granularity 10～20 mm;
(2) preparation:
After earlier above-mentioned raw materials being cleaned up, carry out drying again, be 4 ~ 6 hours time of drying, and temperature is 105 ~ 120 ℃, mixes according to the above ratio then, and the time of batch mixing is 5 ~ 20 minutes, promptly obtains described immersion type heat-storing material.
The weight ratio that described raw material is formed is preferably: steel scrap ball 50%, slag or copper ashes aggregate 20%, barite 15%, basalt 15%.
The weight ratio that described raw material is formed is preferably: steel scrap ball 25%, slag or copper ashes aggregate 35%, barite 15%, basalt 25%.
Above-mentioned copper ashes aggregate can adopt the standard copper waste residue.
Above-mentioned barite and basalt can be replaced by iron ore, plumbous zinc ore respectively.
The immersion type heat-storing material of the solar airconditioning of the present invention preparation, its technical parameter can be density 2.96g/cm
3, ultimate compression strength 〉=30 MPa, crushing strength 〉=8MPa, volumetric heat capacity 145kWh/m
3, thermal conductivity 1.75W/mK, the heat resisting temperature of use are-20 ~ 400 ℃.
The present invention adopts the method for immersion type, compared with prior art has following main advantage:
One. can reduce cost.
As heat-storing material, the comprehensive cost of the price that these materials are present is at 400 yuan per ton to adopt industrial residue such as steel scrap ball, basalt, slag or copper ashes or heavy natural crystal (as basalt, barite, iron ore, plumbous zinc ore etc.).
And if adopt the phase transformation salt hydrate, more than 2000 yuan, even more important is that salt has corrodibility to its average price per ton, can not adopt common carbon steel to container material; And can only adopt stainless material, its cost increases more than 4 times.
They are two years old. can improve heat storage performance.
On raw material properties, the thermal conductivity of steel scrap ball, basalt, slag or copper ashes is more than 1.5W/ (mK), and the thermal conductivity of phase transformation salt hydrate has only about 0.5 W/ (mK), and the heat exchange efficiency of phase transformation salt hydrate is too low, and want modification can greatly increase cost.On structure, if adopt the duct type heat exchange, not only can increase cost, and because thermal resistance is big, the efficient of heat transfer is poor, causes the thermal storage equipment volume to increase, and regenerative apparatus adopts immersion type, allow thermal oil and heat-storing material directly carry out heat exchange, can greatly improve heat transfer rate and efficient, the heat storage performance of regenerative apparatus is improved significantly.
In a word, the present invention both can solve the environmental pollution of industrial residue, reduced material cost significantly, and the heat exchange efficiency of thermophore is greatly improved.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is present solar airconditioning principle of work synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is to use the structural representation of the solar airconditioning system of immersion type heat-storing material provided by the invention.
Among the figure: 1. inlet pipe; 2. inlet control valve; 3. steel cavity; 4. lagging material; 5. heat-storing material; 6. filtering net; 7. discharge control valve; 8. outlet pipe.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, but be not limited to following described content.
Embodiment 1:
Weight ratio and granularity that heat-storing material is formed are: steel scrap ball 25%, diameter 10～30mm; Slag or copper ashes aggregate 35%, granularity 5～10 mm; Barite 15%, granularity 5～20 mm; Basalt 25%, granularity 10～20 mm.The total mass of raw material is 3800Kg.Raw material is through clean dry, and be 4 ~ 6 hours time of drying, and temperature is 105 ~ 120 ℃, dried be mixed even after, be positioned in the steel regenerative apparatus, the crushing strength 〉=8MPa of material records volumetric heat capacity 145kWh/m on the comprehensive thermal analyzer
3, the tap density of heat-storing material is 2.6g/cm
3The power of solar airconditioning is 28KW, and be 4 hours working time, and working temperature is 180-250 ℃, the radius of thermophore is 0.7 m, and height is 1.4m, and lagging material is an aluminum silicate fiber, the end/top thickness 800mm, sidewall thickness 600mm, heat transferring medium are thermal oil (the Kunlun board L-QC 320), after solar airconditioning starts, in 1 hour, can finish and fill thermal process, under the condition of no solar light irradiation, utilize the heat of heat-storing material, still can make the air-conditioning works better 4 hours.
Embodiment 2:
Weight ratio and granularity that heat-storing material is formed are: steel scrap ball 35%, diameter 10～30mm; Slag or copper ashes aggregate 25%, granularity 5～10 mm; Barite 25%, granularity 5～20 mm; Basalt 15%, granularity 10～20 mm.The total mass of raw material is 2800Kg.Raw material is after clean dry, and be 4 ~ 6 hours time of drying, and temperature is 105 ~ 120 ℃, dried be mixed even after, be positioned in the steel regenerative apparatus, the crushing strength 〉=8MPa of material records volumetric heat capacity 135kWh/m on the comprehensive thermal analyzer
3, the tap density of heat-storing material is 2.7g/cm
3The power of solar airconditioning is 20KW, and be 4 hours working time, and working temperature is 180-250 ℃, the radius of thermophore is 0.6 m, and height is 1.1m, and lagging material is an aluminum silicate fiber, the end/top thickness 600mm, sidewall thickness 400mm, heat transferring medium are thermal oil (the Kunlun board L-QC 320), after solar airconditioning starts, in 1 hour, can finish and fill thermal process, under the condition of no solar light irradiation, utilize the heat of heat-storing material, still can make the air-conditioning works better 4 hours.
Embodiment 3:
Weight ratio and granularity that heat-storing material is formed are: steel scrap ball 40%, diameter 10～30mm; Slag or copper ashes aggregate 20%, granularity 5～10 mm; Barite 25%, granularity 5～20 mm; Basalt 15%, granularity 10～20 mm.The total mass of raw material is 2500Kg.Raw material is after clean dry, and be 4 ~ 6 hours time of drying, and temperature is 105 ~ 120 ℃, dried be mixed even after, be positioned in the steel regenerative apparatus, the crushing strength 〉=8MPa of material records volumetric heat capacity 140kWh/m on the comprehensive thermal analyzer
3, the tap density of heat-storing material is 2.65g/cm
3The power of solar airconditioning is 15KW, and be 4 hours working time, and working temperature is 180-250 ℃, the radius of thermophore is 0.55 m, and height is 0.95 m, and lagging material is an aluminum silicate fiber, the end/top thickness 700mm, sidewall thickness 500mm, heat transferring medium are thermal oil (the Kunlun board L-QC 320), after solar airconditioning starts, in 1 hour, can finish and fill thermal process, under the condition of no solar light irradiation, utilize the heat of heat-storing material, still can make the air-conditioning works better 4 hours.
Embodiment 4:
Weight ratio and granularity that heat-storing material is formed are: steel scrap ball 50%, diameter 10～30mm; Slag or copper ashes aggregate 20%, granularity 5～10 mm; Barite 15%, granularity 5～20 mm; Basalt 15%, granularity 10～20 mm.The total mass of raw material is 2200Kg.Raw material is after clean dry, and be 4 ~ 6 hours time of drying, and temperature is 105 ~ 120 ℃, dried be mixed even after, be positioned in the steel regenerative apparatus, the crushing strength 〉=8MPa of material records volumetric heat capacity 135kWh/m on the comprehensive thermal analyzer
3, the tap density of heat-storing material is 2.75g/cm
3The power of solar airconditioning is 10KW, and be 4 hours working time, and working temperature is 180-250 ℃, the radius of thermophore is 0.50 m, and height is 0.85 m, and lagging material is an aluminum silicate fiber, the end/top thickness 650mm, sidewall thickness 400mm, heat transferring medium are thermal oil (the Kunlun board L-QC 320), after solar airconditioning starts, in 1 hour, can finish and fill thermal process, under the condition of no solar light irradiation, utilize the heat of heat-storing material, still can make the air-conditioning works better 4 hours.
Embodiment 5:
Weight ratio and granularity that heat-storing material is formed are: steel scrap ball 45%, diameter 10～30mm; Slag or copper ashes aggregate 20%, granularity 5～10 mm; Barite 25%, granularity 5～20 mm; Basalt 15%, granularity 10～20 mm.The total mass of raw material is 2100Kg.Raw material is after clean dry, and be 4 ~ 6 hours time of drying, and temperature is 105 ~ 120 ℃, dried be mixed even after, be positioned in the steel regenerative apparatus, the crushing strength 〉=8MPa of material records volumetric heat capacity 135kWh/m on the comprehensive thermal analyzer
3, the tap density of heat-storing material is 2.68g/cm
3The power of solar airconditioning is 10KW, and be 4 hours working time, and working temperature is 180-250 ℃, the radius of thermophore is 0.55 m, and height is 0.88 m, and lagging material is an aluminum silicate fiber, the end/top thickness 660mm, sidewall thickness 420mm, heat transferring medium are thermal oil (the Kunlun board L-QC 320), after solar airconditioning starts, in 1 hour, can finish and fill thermal process, under the condition of no solar light irradiation, utilize the heat of heat-storing material, still can make the air-conditioning works better 4 hours.
Embodiment 6:
Weight ratio and granularity that heat-storing material is formed are: steel scrap ball 40%, diameter 10～30mm; Slag or copper ashes aggregate 25%, granularity 5～10 mm; Barite 25%, granularity 5～20 mm; Basalt 10%, granularity 10～20 mm.The total mass of raw material is 2000Kg.Raw material is after clean dry, and be 4 ~ 6 hours time of drying, and temperature is 105 ~ 120 ℃, dried be mixed even after, be positioned in the steel regenerative apparatus, the crushing strength 〉=8MPa of material records volumetric heat capacity 135kWh/m on the comprehensive thermal analyzer
3, the tap density of heat-storing material is 2.62g/cm
3The power of solar airconditioning is 10KW, and be 4 hours working time, and working temperature is 180-250 ℃, the radius of thermophore is 0.50 m, and height is 0.85 m, and lagging material is an aluminum silicate fiber, the end/top thickness 630mm, sidewall thickness 380mm, heat transferring medium are thermal oil (the Kunlun board L-QC 320), after solar airconditioning starts, in 1 hour, can finish and fill thermal process, under the condition of no solar light irradiation, utilize the heat of heat-storing material, still can make the air-conditioning works better 4 hours.
Embodiment 7:
Weight ratio and granularity that heat-storing material is formed are: steel scrap ball 35%, diameter 10～30mm; Slag or copper ashes aggregate 30%, granularity 5～10 mm; Barite 25%, granularity 5～20 mm; Basalt 10%, granularity 10～20 mm.The total mass of raw material is 1800Kg.Raw material after clean dry, dried be mixed even after, be positioned in the steel regenerative apparatus, the crushing strength 〉=8MPa of material records volumetric heat capacity 135kWh/m on the comprehensive thermal analyzer
3, conductometer records thermal conductivity 1.40W/mK.The power of solar airconditioning is 8KW, and be 4 hours working time, and working temperature is 180-250 ℃, the radius of thermophore is 0.45 m, and height is 0.65 m, and lagging material is an aluminum silicate fiber, the end/top thickness 550mm, sidewall thickness 340mm, heat transferring medium are thermal oil (the Kunlun board L-QC 320), after solar airconditioning starts, in 1 hour, can finish and fill thermal process, under the condition of no solar light irradiation, utilize the heat of heat-storing material, still can make the air-conditioning works better 4 hours.
Embodiment 8:
Weight ratio and granularity that heat-storing material is formed are: steel scrap ball 30%, diameter 10～30mm; Slag or copper ashes aggregate 25%, granularity 5～10 mm; Barite 30%, granularity 5～20 mm; Basalt 15%, granularity 10～20 mm.The total mass of raw material is 1500Kg.Raw material is after clean dry, and be 4 ~ 6 hours time of drying, and temperature is 105 ~ 120 ℃, dried be mixed even after, be positioned in the steel regenerative apparatus, the crushing strength 〉=8MPa of material records volumetric heat capacity 135kWh/m on the comprehensive thermal analyzer
3, the tap density of heat-storing material is 2.55g/cm
3The power of solar airconditioning is 5KW, and be 4 hours working time, and working temperature is 180-250 ℃, the radius of thermophore is 0.40 m, and height is 0.55 m, and lagging material is an aluminum silicate fiber, the end/top thickness 450mm, sidewall thickness 260mm, heat transferring medium are thermal oil (the Kunlun board L-QC 320), after solar airconditioning starts, in 1 hour, can finish and fill thermal process, under the condition of no solar light irradiation, utilize the heat of heat-storing material, still can make the air-conditioning works better 4 hours.
Embodiment 9:
The immersion type heat-storing material of the foregoing description 1-8 preparation is used for solar airconditioning system, and the structure of this device as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.
Fig. 1 is the principle of work of solar airconditioning that the heat-storing material 5 of the present invention preparation is housed, when illumination, heat collector is thermal-arrest at first, after starting oil pump, the thermal oil heating that circulates in pipeline promotes solar airconditioning work, unnecessary energy storage is in thermophore, during unglazed the photograph, then utilize thermal oil heat-obtaining from thermophore, promote solar airconditioning work.
Fig. 2 is the structure iron of thermophore.Thermal oil advances from inlet pipe 1, and inlet control valve 2 is housed on the inlet pipe, after at first thermal oil flows to by inlet pipe during work, and the size of coming by-pass cock and flow by inlet control valve, and store energy in by heat-storing material 5.Thermal oil flows out through outlet pipe 8 and forms the heat exchange circulation, and the oil mass that discharge control valve 7 is regulated outlet is housed on outlet pipe.The thermophore shell prepares with plain carbon stool, enters in the heat exchange oil for preventing heat-storing material, places filtering net 6 at the upper and lower of the steel cavity 3 of thermophore shell, for reducing the heat radiation loss, does lagging material 4 with aluminum silicate fiber.
Claims (6)
1. preparation method who is used for the immersion type heat-storing material of solar airconditioning is characterized in that adopting the method that may further comprise the steps:
(1) batching:
The weight ratio of raw materials used composition and granularity are: steel scrap ball 25～50%, diameter 10～30mm; Slag or copper ashes aggregate 20～35%, granularity 5～10 mm; Barite 15～40%, granularity 5～20 mm; Basalt 15～30%, granularity 10～20 mm;
(2) preparation:
After earlier above-mentioned raw materials being cleaned up, carry out drying again, be 4 ~ 6 hours time of drying, and temperature is 105 ~ 120 ℃, mixes according to the above ratio then, and the time of batch mixing is 5 ~ 20 minutes, promptly obtains described immersion type heat-storing material.
2. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the weight ratio that raw material is formed is: steel scrap ball 50%, slag or copper ashes aggregate 20%, barite 15%, basalt 15%.
3. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the weight ratio that raw material is formed is: steel scrap ball 25%, slag or copper ashes aggregate 35%, barite 15%, basalt 25%.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described preparation methods, it is characterized in that: the copper ashes aggregate adopts the standard copper waste residue.
5. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described barite and basalt are respectively by iron ore, the replacement of plumbous zinc ore.
6. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described immersion type heat-storing material, and its technical parameter is: density 2.96g/cm
3, ultimate compression strength 〉=30 MPa, crushing strength 〉=8MPa, volumetric heat capacity 145kWh/m
3, thermal conductivity 1.75W/mK, the heat resisting temperature of use are-20 ~ 400 ℃.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103833302A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-04 | 武汉理工大学 | Phase change material wrapped thermal storage concrete and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101476789A (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2009-07-08 | 秦荣英 | Heat storage and heat supply system used for solar heat collection equipment and its operation method |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101476789A (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2009-07-08 | 秦荣英 | Heat storage and heat supply system used for solar heat collection equipment and its operation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 朱教群等: "高温混凝土储热材料及其热性能研究", 《高科技与产业化》, no. 11, 15 November 2008 (2008-11-15), pages 31 - 33 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103833302A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-04 | 武汉理工大学 | Phase change material wrapped thermal storage concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN103833302B (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2016-08-17 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of accumulation of heat concrete of coating phase-change materials and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20111123 |