A kind of solvent thermal prepares the method for the thin nanometer rod of wurtzite ZnS
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation field of nano material, be specifically related to utilize the solvent thermal technology to prepare the method for the thin nanometer rod of wurtzite ZnS.
Background technology
ZnS is as a kind of important wide bandgap semiconductor materials, have excellent light, electricity, chemical property, in photoluminescence, solar cell, infrared window, UV, visible light photodiode and laser apparatus, cathode-ray fluorescent material and flat-panel monitor phosphor material, important application is arranged.ZnS has two kinds of things of zink sulphide and wurtzite mutually, and the former is the ambient-temp-stable phase, and the latter is the metastable phase of high-temperature stable, and the transition temperature from the zink sulphide to the wurtzite is at 1020 ℃.In general, the spectral response curve of wurtzite ZnS is better than zink sulphide.Wurtzite ZnS can be synthetic by the High Temperature Gas phase method, and most of low temperature liquid phase method synthetic are that zink sulphide ZnS is nanocrystalline.Because preparation technology is simple, product is high-purity, ultra-fine, particle diameter is even, is subjected to the investigator and more and more pays close attention to based on liquid phase synthetic chemical process.
It is synthetic that some investigators have reported that wurtzite ZnS nanostructure can be passed through the auxiliary solvent thermal process of quadrol (en), because the en molecule can form lamellar compound ZnSen with Zn and S easily
0.5, and then the thing of having modulated product is mutually and pattern.But need that in most cases organic-inorganic composite body is carried out post annealed and solvent heat treatment and remove the en group to form wurtzite ZnS.Li Yadong research group is by 350-800 ℃ of following vacuum heat treatment ZnSen
0.5Precursor has synthesized wurtzite-type ZnS nanometer thrombocyte, consults the 869th page of Inorg.Chem. the 41st volume; Human dithiocarbonic anhydride later stage solvent heat treatment such as Zhou ZnSen
0.5Precursor has synthesized wurtzite-type ZnS nanometer sheet, consults the 1761st page of Cryst.Growth Des. the 5th volume.
Recently, one dimension ZnS nanostructure (as nanotube, nano wire, nanometer rod and nano belt) is because its unique optics, electrochemistry, and mechanics and thermal property get more and more people's extensive concerning.Adopt the ZnS one dimension Nano structure of easy low temperature liquid phase compounding wurtzite structure to be still full of challenges.Chai etc. use hydrazine hydrate to prepare wurtzite ZnS nano wire bundle as solvent, consult the 12658th page of J.Phys.Chem.C the 111st volume; Yet the solvent thermal reaction that with the hydrazine hydrate is solvent is very violent, the danger coefficient height; Be not suitable for scale operation.Owing to use mixing solutions can form the pattern novel nano materials, adopt binary or polynary mixed solution system to prepare the extensive interest that the ZnS nano material causes people.Research groups such as Chen etc. and Li use en and H
2The O mixed solvent has prepared wurtzite ZnS nanometer rod, consults the 255602nd page of Inorg.Chem. the 42nd the 3100th page of volume and Nanotechnology the 18th volume; Wang etc. have reported use en and ethylene glycol (EG) mixed solvent compounding wurtzite ZnS nanometer rod, and point out solvent volume than and the concentration in sulphur source for the product thing mutually and the control of pattern play an important role, consult Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology the 10th and roll up the 3131st page.
Thanomin (EA) can be as the structure directing agent of solvent in the solvent thermal reaction and structure amine metallic sulfide 1-dimention nano crystalline substance as the monodentate amine with sequestering action.Compare en, EA is easier to be broken away from from product, does not need to carry out post-processed.Xiong and its co-worker have reported and have adopted zinc acetate and L-halfcystine to prepare wurtzite ZnS hierarchical organization as precursor in the binary solvent of water and EA, it is worthy of note that when they make solvent with straight alcohol amine what obtain is the nano belt reticulated structure; Only at 200 and 240 ℃, V
Water: V
EAJust can obtain nanometer rod at=3: 2 o'clock, and consult the 2728th page of Adv.Funct.Mater. the 17th volume.In addition, mixed solvent is than single solvent system complexity, and the ratio of each solvent is very big to the thing phase and the pattern influence of final product, operates very inconvenient.The controlledly synthesis of semiconductor nano material is very important to scientific research and technology application, and the present invention is the thin nanometer rod of control compounding wurtzite ZnS in pure EA system.
Summary of the invention
The present invention successfully uses the simple solvent by the use of thermal means first, under the condition of gentleness, is the thin nanometer rod of ZnS of solvent one-step synthesis wurtzite structure with the thanomin.
The present invention realizes by following technological process:
Polytetrafluoroethyllining lining is put in the analytically pure S of 2mmol source, added the thanomin solvent and make liquor capacity account for 80% of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining cumulative volume.Magnetic stirred for several minute adds the analytically pure Zn of 1mmol source again, continues magnetic and is stirred to even back sealed reactor, places 180 ℃ of baking ovens reactions 24 hours.Naturally cool to room temperature, collect cooled product, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol repetitive scrubbing, 60 ℃ of dryings of vacuum obtain product.
The thin nanometer rod of the ZnS that the present invention prepares is wurtzite ZnS, and its XRD composes as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 4, the pattern under its transmission electron microscope such as Fig. 2, Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, and high-resolution-ration transmission electric-lens figure is as shown in Figure 3.The present invention is solvent with the thanomin, use different Zn sources and S source all to obtain the thin nanometer rod of wurtzite ZnS, and pattern is even, good crystallinity.Simultaneously, the inventive method is simple, is easy to promote, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is X-ray diffraction (XRD) collection of illustrative plates of embodiment 1 product.
Fig. 2 is transmission electron microscope (TEM) picture of embodiment 1 product.
Fig. 3 is high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) picture of embodiment 1 product.
Fig. 4 is the XRD figure sheet of embodiment 2 products.
Fig. 5 is the TEM picture of embodiment 2 products.
Fig. 6 is the TEM picture of embodiment 3 products.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
With the analytically pure Sulfothiorine (Na of 2mmol
2S
2O
35H
2O) put into polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, add the thanomin solvent and make liquor capacity account for 80% of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining cumulative volume.Magnetic stirred for several minute adds the analytically pure zinc oxide of 1mmol (ZnO) again, continues magnetic and is stirred to even back sealed reactor, places 180 ℃ of baking ovens reactions 24 hours.Naturally cool to room temperature, collect cooled product, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol repetitive scrubbing, 60 ℃ of dryings of vacuum obtain the oyster white product.As shown in Figure 1, XRD result shows that product is the ZnS of wurtzite structure, as Fig. 1; TEM result shows that product is made up of the nanometer rod of diameter between 5-7nm, as Fig. 2.
Embodiment 2
With the analytically pure Na of 2mmol
2S
2O
35H
2O puts into polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, adds the thanomin solvent and makes liquor capacity account for 80% of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining cumulative volume.Magnetic stirred for several minute adds the analytically pure zinc acetate of 1mmol (Zn (CH again
3COO)
22H
2O), continue magnetic and be stirred to even back sealed reactor, place 180 ℃ of baking oven reactions 24 hours.Naturally cool to room temperature, collect cooled product, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol repetitive scrubbing, 60 ℃ of dryings of vacuum obtain the oyster white product.XRD result shows that product is the ZnS of wurtzite structure, as Fig. 4; TEM result shows that product is made up of a large amount of nanometer rod, as shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment 3
With the analytically pure Na of 2mmol
2S
2O
35H
2O puts into polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, adds the thanomin solvent and makes liquor capacity account for 80% of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining cumulative volume.Magnetic stirred for several minute adds the analytically pure zinc chloride (ZnCl of 1mmol again
2), continue magnetic and be stirred to even back sealed reactor, place 180 ℃ of baking oven reactions 24 hours.Naturally cool to room temperature, collect cooled product, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol repetitive scrubbing, 60 ℃ of dryings of vacuum obtain product.TEM result shows that product is made up of a large amount of nanometer rod, as Fig. 6.
Embodiment 4
With analytically pure the thiocarbamide ((NH of 2mmol
2)
2CS) put into polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, add the thanomin solvent and make liquor capacity account for 80% of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining cumulative volume.Magnetic stirred for several minute adds the analytically pure zinc oxide of 1mmol (ZnO) again, continues magnetic and is stirred to even back sealed reactor, places 180 ℃ of baking ovens reactions 24 hours.Naturally cool to room temperature, collect cooled product, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol repetitive scrubbing, 60 ℃ of dryings of vacuum obtain product.Analyze and show that product is the ZnS nanometer rod of wurtzite structure.
Embodiment 5
With the analytically pure (NH of 2mmol
2)
2CS puts into polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, adds the thanomin solvent and makes liquor capacity account for 80% of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining cumulative volume.Magnetic stirred for several minute adds the analytically pure Zn (CH of 2mmol again
3COO)
22H
2O continues magnetic and is stirred to even back sealed reactor, places 180 ℃ of baking oven reactions 24 hours.Naturally cool to room temperature, collect cooled product, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol repetitive scrubbing, 60 ℃ of dryings of vacuum obtain product.Analysis is shown as the ZnS nanometer rod of wurtzite structure.
Embodiment 6
With the analytically pure (NH of 2mmol
2)
2CS puts into polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, adds the thanomin solvent and makes liquor capacity account for 80% of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining cumulative volume.Magnetic stirred for several minute adds the analytically pure ZnCl of 1mmol again
2, continue magnetic and be stirred to even back sealed reactor, place 180 ℃ of baking oven reactions 24 hours.Naturally cool to room temperature, collect cooled product, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol repetitive scrubbing, 60 ℃ of dryings of vacuum obtain product.Analysis is shown as the ZnS nanometer rod of wurtzite structure.
Embodiment 7
The analytically pure sulphur powder of 1mmol (S) is put into polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, add the thanomin solvent and make liquor capacity account for 80% of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining cumulative volume.Magnetic stirred for several minute adds the analytically pure ZnO of 1mmol again, continues magnetic and is stirred to even back sealed reactor, places 180 ℃ of baking ovens reactions 24 hours.Naturally cool to room temperature, collect cooled product, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol repetitive scrubbing, 60 ℃ of dryings of vacuum obtain product.Analysis is shown as the ZnS nanometer rod of wurtzite structure.
Embodiment 8
The analytically pure S powder of 1mmol is put into polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, add the thanomin solvent and make liquor capacity account for 80% of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining cumulative volume.Magnetic stirred for several minute adds the analytically pure Zn (CH of 2mmol again
3COO)
22H
2O continues magnetic and is stirred to even back sealed reactor, places 180 ℃ of baking oven reactions 24 hours.Naturally cool to room temperature, collect cooled product, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol repetitive scrubbing, 60 ℃ of dryings of vacuum obtain product.Analysis is shown as the ZnS nanometer rod of wurtzite structure.
Embodiment 9
The analytically pure S powder of 1mmol is put into polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, add the thanomin solvent and make liquor capacity account for 80% of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining cumulative volume.Magnetic stirred for several minute adds the analytically pure ZnCl of 2mmol again
2, continue magnetic and be stirred to even back sealed reactor, place 180 ℃ of baking oven reactions 24 hours.Naturally cool to room temperature, collect cooled product, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol repetitive scrubbing, 60 ℃ of dryings of vacuum obtain product.Analysis is shown as the ZnS nanometer rod of wurtzite structure.