CN102249195A - Military plateau vehicle-mounted oxygen machine - Google Patents
Military plateau vehicle-mounted oxygen machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102249195A CN102249195A CN2011101274109A CN201110127410A CN102249195A CN 102249195 A CN102249195 A CN 102249195A CN 2011101274109 A CN2011101274109 A CN 2011101274109A CN 201110127410 A CN201110127410 A CN 201110127410A CN 102249195 A CN102249195 A CN 102249195A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a military plateau vehicle-mounted oxygen machine. The military plateau vehicle-mounted oxygen machine comprises a shell, a fan which is communicated with the atmosphere outside the shell, and a filter screen; the military plateau vehicle-mounted oxygen is characterized in that: a vacuum pump, an oxygen permeable membrane assembly and an air buffering chamber are arranged in the shell; the oxygen permeable membrane assembly comprises a frame; more than or equal to eight layers of oxygen permeable membrane plates which are arranged side by side and between which a gap is formed are fixed in the frame; the top of each layer of the oxygen permeable membrane plate is provided with air exhaust connection holes which are communicated with an inlet of a vacuum pump through a connection guide pipe and an air exhaust collection pipe; the oxygen permeable membrane assembly is opposite to the fan, and gaps between the oxygen permeable membrane plates are opposite to the fan; and the outlet of the vacuum pump is communicated with an inlet of the air buffering chamber through a buffer guide pipe; and the outlet of the air buffering chamber is extended out of the shell and is communicated with an oxygen inhaler.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breathing oxygen device, particularly a kind of vehicle-mounted oxygen machine in military plateau that utilizes oxygen-enrichment membrane to improve air oxygen concentration.
Background technology
The highlands of China accounts for 1/6 of area, and is vast in territory, and boundary line reaches thousands of kilometers, and military affairs and strategic position are very important, and this wherein just comprises " roof of the world " Qinghai-Tibet Platean.About the mean sea level 4500m of Qinghai-Tibet Platean, middle seal border reaches 1700km, also has 14.3 ten thousand square kilometres so far and has tangible territoril disputes.
The atmosphere characteristics on plateau are low pressure, hypoxemia, along with the increase of sea level elevation, it is more and more thin that air becomes, and garrisons officers and men for a long time and very easily suffer from " altitude sickness " (low oxygen partial pressure environment that refers to the high altitude localities causes the disease due to the human body anoxia, and it is incomplete to be called puna or altitude acclimatization again).General body does not have uncomfortable sensation below 3000m; Can occur headache, dizzy, nausea and vomiting during 3000～4000m, be losing one's memory, slow in reacting, brain body work efficiency descends obviously; During 4000～5000m, serious expiratory dyspnea, weak, the visual deterioration of muscle power take place.Indian Army discovers that when personnel arrived 3350m fast, the maximum activity ability was reduced to 50% of Plain.U.S. army studies show that the used time of the same distance of marching away on 3300～4300m plateau is the twice in Plain.High altitude anoxia not only produces a very large impact radical plateau officers and men's physiological situation, and can cause psychological stress, and fighting capacity descends.
Under the operating environment of plateau, anoxic has a strong impact on the performance of my officers and men's of army physical efficiency, intelligence and technical ability always, and reducing because of the acute high altitude sickness due to the anoxic and military operation ability is the main medical problem that high parent unit faces.High altitude localities anti-terrorism medical rescue highlights important.But anoxic is first difficult problem that faces in the operation of high altitude localities, also is to threaten first killer physically and mentally healthy and the equipment performance performance.In " 4.14 " cajaput earthquake rescue, because the nearly 4300m of earthquake centre mean sea level, medical teams at different levels are because the reply high altitude anoxia is prepared not enough, the plateau rescue outfit is short of in addition, and acute high altitude reaction has in various degree all appearred in poor, the shortage quick reaction capability of conventional equipment environmental compatibility, disaster medicine rescue work ability greatly reduces, even lose operational capability and remove under being forced to, having affected the prime time of the disaster relief adversely, the direct and consequential damage that causes is inestimable.
Following plateau border operations pre-warning time is short, and garrison less in my army plateau, require combat troop in the shortest time, it is belligerent to enter the plateau rapidly by the Plain, perhaps garrison and transit to higher height above sea level operation in the plateau, maneuvering distance and height above sea level transition are all very big, and this moment, acute high altitude sickness very easily took place, and caused non-combat casualty.According to my the army situation of plateau manoeuvre in recent years, under the condition that does not take preventive measures, the acute high altitude sickness sickness rate that enters 5000m plateau colony fast reaches as high as more than 90%.Therefore, a series of problems or " injury " that cause of high altitude anoxia all needs to be resolved hurrily.
Oxygen does not determine its shared volume percent (percentage composition of constant integral part in the air almost is constant) in air to the physiological action of body in the air in 0～100km height overhead, and depends on its dividing potential drop.Want to alleviate the harm of high altitude anoxia, just must improve oxygen partial pressure by every means body.Plateau anti-hypoxia method commonly used at present mainly is that molecular sieve oxygen generation and chemistry produce oxygen, and two kinds of methods all have its advantage, but simultaneously its limitation are arranged also, are difficult to satisfy highlands army, and especially army's Field Operational is for the demand of system oxygen supply equipment.
With regard to the existing equipment of my army, have following problem: (1) plateau equipment special is few, and the general equipment of allocation is to the altitude environment bad adaptability, and especially the anti-hypoxia equipment does not match, do not become series.(2) my army also is being in the blank stage at present aspect the vehicle-mounted anti-hypoxia equipment in plateau.In view of the above, carry out the research of the vehicle-mounted anti-hypoxia equipment in plateau, improve officers and men's altitude acclimatization ability, viability and operational capability, and then improve fight capability, all have crucial meaning to consolidating national defense and guarding the nation's security and unity.
Summary of the invention
Problem at above-mentioned plateau oxygenation existence, the objective of the invention is research by " concentration-flow-power consumption " dose-effect relationship, on the basis of selecting suitable small-sized big flow vacuum pump, adopt " film oxygen enriching " new technology, but a kind of vehicle-mounted oxygen machine in military plateau of long-time continuous oxygen supply simple to operate is provided, and have that volume is little, low in energy consumption, flow is big, characteristics that can round-the-clock use.
For reaching above purpose, the present invention takes following technical scheme to be achieved:
The vehicle-mounted oxygen machine in a kind of military plateau, comprise housing, be communicated with outer atmospheric blower fan of housing and filtering net, it is characterized in that, be provided with vacuum pump, oxygen-enriched membrane component and gas surge chamber in the described housing, described oxygen-enriched membrane component comprises framework, be fixed with the oxygen enrichment lamina membranacea that is no less than the 8 layers of space that is arranged side by side and leaves mutually in this framework, every layer of oxygen enrichment lamina membranacea top is provided with to bleed and connects the hole, and these aspirating holes are communicated with the import of vacuum pump by linking conduit, the header of bleeding; The relative blower fan setting of oxygen-enriched membrane component, and make the space between the oxygen enrichment lamina membranacea face toward blower fan; The vacuum pump outlet is by the inlet of buffering conduit connection gas buffer chamber, and the outlet of gas buffer chamber is stretched out outside the housing and is communicated with oxygen inhaler.
In the such scheme, described oxygen enrichment lamina membranacea is 12 layers.The oxygen enrichment lamina membranacea comprises a hollow substrate, this hollow substrate top is provided with two aspirating holes, and back in parallel is communicated with the import of vacuum pump by linking conduit, the header of bleeding, and one deck oxygen permeable membrane is respectively pasted in hollow substrate two sides, the inner enclosed space that forms supports filling by the fibrous reticulum bed course in the enclosed space.The fibrous reticulum bed course is medical nylon resiliency supported net.
Described vacuum pump is a flat opposed air-cylinder type vacuum pump.
Described oxygen inhaler is a face shield, perhaps with the gas duct and the dispensing device of wheel house UNICOM.
Oxygen does not determine its shared volume percent in air to the physiological action of body in the air, and depends on its dividing potential drop.Want to alleviate the harm of high altitude anoxia, just must improve oxygen partial pressure by every means body.Oxygen concn improves the volume percent of oxygen in the air by improving in the present invention, and then improves oxygen partial pressure in the air, is shown below:
Oxygen partial pressure in the air ↑=volume percent of air total pressure * oxygen ↑
Therefore, under low air pressure condition, by increasing the partial breathing air pressure of human body nasal cavity, so as to increasing air concentration, the amount of oxygen that the people is sucked increases thereupon, substantially reach the gaseous interchange under normal pressure, make human body in altitude environment, obtain normal breathing condition, especially to just going up crowd's particularly suitable on plateau.
The present invention overcome molecular sieve oxygen generation drawback (power consumption height, volume greatly, not portable, safeguard difficulty etc.), according to membrane oxygen enrichment technology, be raw material with the altitude environment air, give gas by vacuum pump, make air obtain oxygen-rich air by oxygen permeable membrane.This instrument has that volume is little, portable, low in energy consumption, non-maintaining, flow is big, be beneficial to advantage such as vehicle-mounted portable.Prove that by a series of experimental study oxygen machine of the present invention is equal energy steady operation under different altitude height, oxygen-rich concentration can remain at more than 29%, and the gas flow of air outlet is stabilized in more than the 6L/min.Human experimentation shows that oxygen machine of the present invention can significantly improve the blood oxygen saturation of human body under high altitude environment, reduces heart rate, improves operating efficiency.After the use, can obviously alleviate, can play prevention and treatment preferably acute high altitude sickness owing to headache that anoxic causes, poor appetite, a series of symptoms such as nervous.Army's emergent warlike operation under altitude environment for large troop formation has special result of use, and the officers and men of security force are in the adaptive faculty and the fighting capacity of highlands conscientiously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.Wherein a is a front view, and b is a side-view, and c is a vertical view.
Fig. 2 is the single board-like oxygen permeable membrane component structure figure in Fig. 1 oxygen-enriched membrane component.
Reference numeral among Fig. 1, Fig. 2: 1, housing; 2, linking conduit; 3, surge chamber; 4, vacuum pump; 5, blower fan and filtering net; 6, oxygen-enriched membrane component; 7, gas buffer chamber outlet; 8, the header of bleeding; 9, buffering conduit; 10, bleed and connect the hole; 11, hollow substrate; 12, fibrous reticulum bed course; 13, oxygen permeable membrane.
Fig. 3 is the trend graph of oxygen machine oxygen concn of the present invention with sea level elevation.
Fig. 4 is the trend graph of oxygen machine oxygen rate of discharge of the present invention with sea level elevation.
Fig. 5 is for using the SpO of oxygen machine front and back
2Contrast figure.
Fig. 6 is for using the HR contrast figure of oxygen machine front and back.
Fig. 7 is for using the capacity contrast figure of oxygen machine front and back.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the vehicle-mounted oxygen machine in a kind of military plateau comprises housing 1, is communicated with outer atmospheric blower fan of housing and filtering net 5, is provided with vacuum pump 4, oxygen-enriched membrane component 6 and gas surge chamber 3 in the housing.Oxygen-enriched membrane component 6 comprises framework, make by the ABS engineering plastics, be fixed with the oxygen enrichment lamina membranacea that the 8-12 layer is arranged side by side and leaves the space mutually in this framework, every layer of oxygen enrichment lamina membranacea top is provided with to bleed and connects the hole, and these aspirating holes are communicated with the import of vacuum pump 4 by linking conduit 2, the header 8 of bleeding; Oxygen-enriched membrane component 6 relative blower fan settings, and make the space between the oxygen enrichment lamina membranacea face toward blower fan; Blower fan adopts high-speed fan, changes scooter 2000rpm.On the direction that is parallel to the oxygen enrichment lamina membranacea, blower fan gives the air that passes through filtering net with power, and it is flowed along the space direction between the oxygen enrichment lamina membranacea, guarantees oxygen permeable membrane fresh air on every side.The outlet of vacuum pump 4 is by the inlet of buffering conduit connection gas buffer chambers 39, and gas buffer chamber outlet 7 is stretched out outside the housing and is communicated with face shield.Filtering net filter opening diameter is 0.75mm in the oxygen machine, main purpose be for diameter in the filtering air greater than the dust of 0.75mm, prevent from that life-time service dust is piled up in to cause rotating speed to descend in the instrument vacuum pump, vacuum pump efficient is reduced.
After vacuum pump was extracted oxygen-rich air out, its flow velocity was very high and air-flow is unstable, is steady air flow, added a diameter 50mm, the cylindrical gas surge chamber 3 of long 30mm in the air outlet of pump.Its inlet mouth and air outlet are respectively on two bottom surfaces of cylindrical cylinder, and it is not relative mutually, so just guaranteed to cushion after oxygen-rich air enters cylinder, in cylinder, accumulated up to pressure and order about its outflow stable, thereby the oxygen-rich air that obtains flow speed stability flows from the air outlet.
Air enters oxygen enricher by blower fan and filtering net 5, keep " fresh " air around making oxygen-enriched membrane component, forming outside pressure difference in the oxygen-enriched membrane component by vacuum pump obtains oxygen concentration and reaches oxygen-rich air more than 30%, then pass through gas buffer chamber regime flow, the process conduit is at last by the output oxygen rich air again.
As shown in Figure 2, the oxygen enrichment lamina membranacea comprises a hollow substrate 11, this hollow substrate top is provided with two aspirating holes 10, back in parallel is communicated with the import of vacuum pump by linking conduit 2, the header 8 of bleeding, make the inner negative pressure that produces of oxygen-enriched membrane component, improve passing through efficient and reducing the efficient of pass through of nitrogen, the oxygen rich gas of generation oxygen concn about 30% of oxygen by oxygen permeable membrane.The board-like oxygen permeable membrane 13 (commercialization) that one deck adopts high molecular polymer to make is respectively pasted in hollow substrate 11 two sides, the inner enclosed space that forms, support filling by fibrous reticulum bed course 12 (medical nylon resiliency supported net) in the enclosed space, make under the situation that whole base plate externally pressurizes, thereby can oxygen permeable membrane can not broken the resiliency supported mould material when gas flow is crossed oxygen permeable membrane 13.
Oxygen permeable membrane is the macromolecule membrane that a class has special property, and it has the selective permeation effect to airborne oxygen molecule etc.Under the driving of pressure, can make airborne oxygen penetrated preferably film body and obtain oxygen-rich air (oxygen concn is greater than 21%).Oxygen permeable membrane commonly used at present mainly is divided into board-like oxygen permeable membrane and rolling oxygen permeable membrane.Board-like oxygen permeable membrane is an individual layer oxygen permeable membrane material, and effective volume is less, is mainly used in and produces oxygen-rich air when air flow quantity is hanged down.Rolling oxygen permeable membrane material useful area is bigger, is mainly used in the mass preparation oxygen-rich air.The present invention adopts the board-like oxygen permeable membrane material of individual layer.
The supplementary unit supporting with Fig. 1 oxygen machine includes nose shape face shield, power supply module, and power supply module comprises the supply lead of host power supply, vehicle power invertor, band plug etc.Oxygen machine can directly be powered by the alternating current 220V power supply, also can connect vehicle power by the vehicular power inverter and power.
The principle of oxygen machine of the present invention is to utilize membrane oxygen enrichment technology and adopt vacuum pump to make air obtain oxygen-rich air by oxygen-enriched membrane component for the mode of air pressurized.Oxygen rich gas is stable by the 3 back flow outputs of gas buffer chamber, can pass through mask oxygen-inspiration, also can directly permeate in the wheel house by gas duct, to improve driver and conductor's operation usefulness.
The using method of the vehicle-mounted oxygen machine in the military plateau of the present invention: at first plug in, open the power switch of oxygen machine and connect power supply, work indications etc. are bright, the oxygen machine works better, be communicated with outlet of gas buffer chamber and face shield with airway, face shield worn in nose form a local enclosed space, also can directly permeate in the wheel house by gas duct.When in car, using face shield, outer circulation wind should be opened, also can suitably open vehicle window, make the oxygen function obtain enough air source; When directly permeating into oxygen rich air in the car, oxygen machine should be placed outside the car.
During by nose shape mask oxygen-inspiration, can by to the improvement of nose shape face shield increasing in the nose subenvironment oxygen concentration in the air, when oxygen machine work constantly, the end user uses snuffing gas, exhales with mouth, can obviously improve the result of use of oxygen machine.
The vehicle-mounted oxygen machine main technical details in the military plateau of the present invention:
1. weight＜6Kg; 2. volume power consumption＜60W; 3. oxygen enrichment flow＞6L/min; 4. oxygen concn＞30 ± 1%; 5. noise＜45dB.
For studying the result of use of the vehicle-mounted oxygen machine in military plateau, it is as follows that the present invention has carried out campaign research:
1) at height above sea level 3000m, 4000m under the altitude environment of 5000m, detects the oxygen-rich concentration and the air output of the vehicle-mounted oxygen machine in military plateau under each sea level elevation respectively, thereby determines the stability (Fig. 3,4) that this instrument uses under altitude environment.
2) at height above sea level 3000m, 4000m, under the altitude environment of 5000m, utilize Philips MP20 multi-parameter detector to detect 8 the study subject (male sex 6 people, women 2 people, 22～37 one full year of life of age, healthy) under quiescent condition, under each sea level elevation, use the detecting sphygmus and blood oxygen saturation (SpO of oxygen machine front and back
2) and the changing conditions (Fig. 5,6) of heart rate (HR).
3) under the altitude environment of height above sea level 5000m, contrast 8 study subjects and use the portable oxygen mechanism of qi front and back capacity measurement score (Fig. 7) of (comprising two experimental projects of target tracking and two-dimensional digital search).
Experimental result shows, this instrument is easy to use, stable performance, easy care.As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, when height above sea level 5000m, oxygen machine output oxygen concn still can maintain more than 29%, and output gas flow of gas is higher than 6L/min, according to the human body O that per minute consumes under quiescent condition
2Amount (250ml), the counter oxygen-rich air amount of releasing the oxygen level 29% of per minute needs is 870ml/min, can satisfy the oxygen requirement of altitude environment lower body fully.As Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, after using the vehicle-mounted oxygen machine in military plateau, the SpO under experimenter's quiescent condition
2Significantly increase (P＜0.05); Changes in heart rate presents decline in various degree under different altitude height.Illustrate that the vehicle-mounted oxygen machine anti-hypoxia in military plateau is effective, can significantly improve body acute anoxia symptom, improve operation usefulness.As shown in Figure 7, experimenter's target tracking score and two-dimensional digital search score obviously improves (p＜0.05).This prompting is for the army and the crowd on radical plateau, and after using the vehicle-mounted oxygen machine in military plateau, two hands coordination, spatial thinking ability, psychological stress all are improved.This shows, under altitude environment, uses the vehicle-mounted oxygen machine oxygen supply in military plateau, can alleviate the body capacity that causes owing to acute anoxia and descend, and improves radical plateau personnel's working efficiency.
Claims (6)
1. vehicle-mounted oxygen machine in military plateau, comprise housing, be communicated with outer atmospheric blower fan of housing and filtering net, it is characterized in that, be provided with vacuum pump, oxygen-enriched membrane component and gas surge chamber in the described housing, described oxygen-enriched membrane component comprises framework, be fixed with the oxygen enrichment lamina membranacea that is no less than the 8 layers of space that is arranged side by side and leaves mutually in this framework, every layer of oxygen enrichment lamina membranacea top is provided with to bleed and connects the hole, and these aspirating holes are communicated with the import of vacuum pump by linking conduit, the header of bleeding; The relative blower fan setting of oxygen-enriched membrane component, and make the space between the oxygen enrichment lamina membranacea face toward blower fan; The vacuum pump outlet is by the inlet of buffering conduit connection gas buffer chamber, and the outlet of gas buffer chamber is stretched out outside the housing and is communicated with oxygen inhaler.
2. the vehicle-mounted oxygen machine in military plateau according to claim 1 is characterized in that described oxygen enrichment lamina membranacea is 12 layers.
3. the vehicle-mounted oxygen machine in military plateau according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described oxygen enrichment lamina membranacea comprises a hollow substrate, this hollow substrate top is provided with two aspirating holes, back in parallel is communicated with the import of vacuum pump by linking conduit, the header of bleeding, one deck oxygen permeable membrane is respectively pasted in hollow substrate two sides, and the inner enclosed space that forms supports filling by the fibrous reticulum bed course in the enclosed space.
4. the vehicle-mounted oxygen machine in military plateau according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described fibrous reticulum bed course is medical nylon resiliency supported net.
5. the vehicle-mounted oxygen machine in military plateau according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described vacuum pump is a flat opposed air-cylinder type vacuum pump.
6. the vehicle-mounted oxygen machine in military plateau according to claim 1 is characterized in that described oxygen inhaler is a face shield, perhaps with the gas duct and the dispensing device of wheel house UNICOM.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101274109A CN102249195A (en) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-05-18 | Military plateau vehicle-mounted oxygen machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101274109A CN102249195A (en) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-05-18 | Military plateau vehicle-mounted oxygen machine |
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| CN102249195A true CN102249195A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103434429A (en) * | 2013-02-08 | 2013-12-11 | 林凡 | Special highland oxygen supply insurance vehicle and manufacturing and use method of special highland oxygen supply insurance vehicle |
| CN105257079A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-20 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 | Plateau dispersion-type oxygen-enriched tent |
| CN106766566A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-31 | 青岛海尔股份有限公司 | Oxygen-enriched membrane component and refrigerating device |
| CN108404309A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-17 | 深圳市久怡科技有限公司 | Wearable oxygen-enriched apparatus of oxygen supply |
| CN110215626A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-10 | 深圳市群峰科技开发有限公司 | Use the modular portable oxygen enriching and cleaning equipment of finned membrane module |
| CN113386823A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-09-14 | 李星睿 | Oxygen-enriched environment monitoring and early warning equipment in plateau environment |
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| CN2240995Y (en) * | 1995-12-05 | 1996-11-27 | 毕建国 | Medical membrane oxygen-enriched health device |
| CN201101865Y (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-08-20 | 北京紫光生物科技有限公司 | Athletic coach system for hypoxia training, oxygen-enriched recovery for athletes |
| CN201108666Y (en) * | 2007-04-29 | 2008-09-03 | 天邦膜技术国家工程研究中心有限责任公司 | Novel portable film method oxygen-enriched medical and health-care apparatus |
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| CN2240995Y (en) * | 1995-12-05 | 1996-11-27 | 毕建国 | Medical membrane oxygen-enriched health device |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103434429A (en) * | 2013-02-08 | 2013-12-11 | 林凡 | Special highland oxygen supply insurance vehicle and manufacturing and use method of special highland oxygen supply insurance vehicle |
| CN105257079A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-20 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 | Plateau dispersion-type oxygen-enriched tent |
| CN105257079B (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2018-02-23 | 陕西莫格医用设备有限公司 | The oxygen-enriched tent of plateau diffusion-type |
| CN106766566A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-31 | 青岛海尔股份有限公司 | Oxygen-enriched membrane component and refrigerating device |
| CN108404309A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-17 | 深圳市久怡科技有限公司 | Wearable oxygen-enriched apparatus of oxygen supply |
| CN110215626A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-10 | 深圳市群峰科技开发有限公司 | Use the modular portable oxygen enriching and cleaning equipment of finned membrane module |
| CN113386823A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-09-14 | 李星睿 | Oxygen-enriched environment monitoring and early warning equipment in plateau environment |
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Application publication date: 20111123 |