CN102248173A - Method and equipment for preparing spherical low-oxygen aluminum-based solder powder - Google Patents
Method and equipment for preparing spherical low-oxygen aluminum-based solder powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN102248173A CN102248173A CN2010101758687A CN201010175868A CN102248173A CN 102248173 A CN102248173 A CN 102248173A CN 2010101758687 A CN2010101758687 A CN 2010101758687A CN 201010175868 A CN201010175868 A CN 201010175868A CN 102248173 A CN102248173 A CN 102248173A
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- flywheel disc
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing spherical low-oxygen aluminum-based solder powder with narrow granularity distribution range and low oxygen content. The method comprises the following steps of: mixing, heating and melting all the raw material components of the solder alloy; and instilling the materials on an atomizing flywheel disk rotating at high speed in a nitrogen-filled atomizing chamber at stable flow velocity to perform centrifugal atomization, wherein the rotating speed of the flywheel disk is 15,000 to 40,000 r/min, the atomized alloy liquid granules are condensed into spherical powder in the flying process due to the surface tension, and the oxygen content is less than 140 ppm. The method is suitable for preparing the solder powder.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the powder preparation technology, be specially a kind of preparation method of spherical hypoxemia aluminium base solder powder.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy is little owing to having density, the specific strength advantages of higher, so along with the development of Aeronautics and Astronautics industry, and the miniaturization of electronic welding workpiece, the randomization of weld seam and improving constantly of welding industrial automatization, aluminium base solder powder use amount increases considerably.The shape of aluminium base solder powder, size distribution and oxygen content are to the welding effect decisive role.Oxygen content is low more, and the welding activity is strong more.The welding powder sphericity is high more, and the soldering paste of then making becomes the cream effect good more, and lotion is also more fine and smooth, and not only coating is easy, and the lotion waiting time is long, is difficult for layering.
The production that comprises the aluminium base solder powder of aluminium-silica flour at present mainly still adopts acieral to pass through ball milling or Mechanical Crushing acquisition, more advanced preparation method adopts the nitrogen atomization water-cooled to make, but the product of these method gained all exists oxygen content height (generally more than 1000ppm), powder defective in irregular shape, cause the soldering paste lotion that the later stage makes coarse, activity is also poor.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve the regular inadequately problems such as the solder paste lotion of being made by this solder powder is coarse, the quiet property difference of welding that cause of the prepared aluminium base solder powder oxygen content height of prior art, powder shape, the preparation method and the equipment of a kind of spherical hypoxemia aluminium base solder powder of the present invention are provided for this reason, the aluminium base solder powder powder sphericity height of this method preparation, particle size distribution is narrow, and oxygen content is low.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention includes a kind of preparation method of spherical hypoxemia aluminium base solder powder and the equipment that this method adopts.
Its special character of technical scheme that the preparation method of a kind of spherical hypoxemia aluminium base solder powder of the present invention adopts is: each raw material components Hybrid Heating fusing back of described brazing filler metal alloy is instilled into to fill on the atomizing Flywheel disc that nitrogen atomizing indoor high-speed rotates and carries out centrifugal atomizing stablize flow velocity, the Flywheel disc rotating speed is 15000～40000r/min, because of surface tension effects is condensed into spherical powder, its oxygen content is all less than 140ppm in flight course for atomized alloy liquid grain.
Described stable flow velocity is preferably 1.2～2.5kg/min.
Described brazing filler metal alloy can be a kind of of Al-Si, Al-Si-Zn or Al-Si-Cu alloy, and the degree of superheat of described heat fused is 650～670 ℃.
Described its pressure of nitrogen that fills is 1～1.1 atmospheric pressure.
Flywheel disc rotating speed of the present invention is preferably 25000～35000r/min.
The furnace that described heat fused adopts is made up of smelting furnace and vacuum refining furnace successively, and the vacuum of vacuum refining furnace is 1～1.2 * 10
-3Pa.
Method device therefor of the present invention, its special character is: be provided with smelting furnace successively, vacuum refining furnace and inside are the atomisation tower of spray chamber, the smelting furnace present position is higher than refining furnace, the refining furnace present position is higher than atomisation tower, the smelting furnace bottom is connected with conduit and refining furnace leads to, the refining furnace bottom is connected with mozzle and described spray chamber leads to, the end that is positioned at the described mozzle of spray chamber is provided with nozzle, be provided with motor-driven Flywheel disc in the described spray chamber, this Flywheel disc is positioned at described nozzle below, described atomisation tower locular wall has the water-cooling type structure, and the atomisation tower bottom is connected with powder collecting bucket.
The diameter of described Flywheel disc can be Φ 62～75mm.
The axle center of described nozzle discharging opening and the axle center of Flywheel disc are in a straight line.
Described Flywheel disc can be made by metal A l, Ti or stainless steel; Described atomisation tower locular wall has the water-cooling type structure and is meant that the atomisation tower locular wall is the hollow double wall, and the hollow folder is filled with recirculated cooling water in the chamber.
Motor among the present invention should be and the high-speed electric expreess locomotive of Flywheel disc Driven by Coaxial, also pass through the bel-drivenn high-speed electric expreess locomotive.
The alloy liquation is instilled into by nozzle on the Flywheel disc of atomizing indoor high-speed rotation and is broken into tiny liquid grain among the present invention, and disk edge tangentially flies out in the action of centrifugal force lower edge.Atomized drop carries out exchange heat in the process of flight and between the gas medium on every side.Atomized drop is shrunk to sphere under capillary effect simultaneously.The effect of filling nitrogen in the spray chamber is the oxidation that prevents alloy liquid grain, powder.Protective gas can also be inert bodies such as argon gas, helium except that nitrogen.
Atomisation tower among the present invention is preferably closed taper atomisation tower, and the aluminium base solder powder that spray chamber generates in the tower is collected by the powder collecting bucket that the bottom connected.Solder powder of the present invention sieves under inert gas shieldings such as nitrogen, argon gas or helium.
The present invention is at the other operating desk that is provided with of smelting furnace, refining furnace and spray chamber.
Have three time parameters in the process of atomizing liquid grain cooled and solidified globulate particle, these three time parameters are determining the final form of atomized powder.
t
Ball---the nodularization time of atomizing liquid grain;
t
Coagulate---the cooled and solidified time of atomizing liquid grain;
t
Fly---the free time of flight of atomizing liquid grain, promptly atomizing liquid grain leaves the time that arrives the atomizing locular wall behind the disk edge.
(1) when nodularization time of atomizing liquid grain less than its cooled and solidified time, the cooled and solidified time is again less than free time of flight, i.e. t
Ball＜t
Coagulate＜t
Fly, then atomizing liquid grain is finished nodularization and is solidified in the process of flight, finally obtains spherical powder, and the formation of spherical powder promptly is to defer to this rule among the present invention;
(2) work as t
Ball＜t
Fly＜t
CoagulateThough then atomizing liquid grain has been finished nodularization,, do not solidify fully as yet and just arrive the spray chamber wall, then atomizing liquid grain with the process of atomizing locular wall bump in deform, solidify the back and obtain the disk sprills.This part particle can be eliminated by adjusting atomization temperature and cooling condition;
(3) if t
Coagulate＜t
Ball, then the atomizing liquid grain cooled and solidified is too fast, and atomizing liquid grain has little time nodularization with regard to solidification forming, and the formation of irregular particle is exactly that this reason causes basically in the atomized powder.
The different grain size powder has different nodularization time, pool time and flight time, so when the rotating speed of blanking velocity that changes melt and Flywheel disc, can obtain the liquid grain of different-grain diameter, thereby can obtain varigrained powder.Blanking velocity is big more, and the Flywheel disc rotating speed is more little, and centrifugal liquid grain particle diameter of going out is big more, and the powder that obtains is thick more.Otherwise blanking velocity is more little, and the Flywheel disc rotating speed is high more, and centrifugal liquid grain particle diameter of going out is more little, and the powder that promptly makes is thin more.But production efficiency can reduce greatly like this, and motor runs up for a long time and burns out easily.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. each component heat fused of brazing filler metal alloy is instilled into and carries out centrifugal atomizing on the Flywheel disc and obtain powder, the degree of controllability height, the speed of materials flow instantly one regularly improves Flywheel disc rotating speed (can up to 40000r/min), and powder granularity attenuates, and rotating speed is high more, and granularity is thin more.
2. employing vacuum melting, N
2Atomizing in the protective atmosphere, cooling and screening, but both the rapid solidification cooling prevented the powder oxidation, the flying speed at controlled again powder process end, oxygen content is low in the powder, can reach below the 300ppm, also can feed other gas as required.
3. with traditional mechanical crushing or ball grinding method ratio, N
2The powder that centrifugal atomizing is produced under the protective atmosphere, good sphericity, welding performance is better.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 uses the device structure schematic diagram for the present invention.
Be labeled as among the figure: 1 smelting furnace, 2 vacuum refining furnaces, 3 mozzles, 4 nozzles, 5 Flywheel discs, 6 motors, 7 atomisation towers, 8 powder collecting buckets, 9 operating desks.
The specific embodiment
Get 88 kilograms of Al ingots, 12 kilograms of Si powder are mixed in and are heated to 650 ℃ in the smelting furnace 1, wait to melt the back and inject refining furnace 2.Refining furnace vacuumizes, and vacuum is 1 * 10
-3Pa, refining is after 90 minutes, and the mozzle between refining furnace and the atomisation tower 3 is preheated cooled and solidified when 670 ℃ are avoided the melt blanking, opens Flywheel disc 5, and adjusting its rotating speed is 25000r/min.Before the blanking refining furnace is charged into 1.1 atmospheric N
2, the cooling circulating water of unlatching atomisation tower 7, simultaneously atomisation tower being evacuated to vacuum is 1 * 10
-3Pa, make melt flow into mozzle by the pressure effect, be instilled into centrifugal atomizing on the Flywheel disc that rotates in the atomisation tower through nozzle 4 to stablize flow velocity 2.5kg/min, immediately atomisation tower being filled N2 after observing the nozzle blanking is 1 atmospheric pressure to pressure, and centrifugal liquid grain of going out condenses gradually in flight course and becomes spheric granules.Atomizing treats that powder cools off fully after finishing, at N
2Be to sieve in 1.1 atmospheric protective atmospheres.After testing: powder is spherical, and particle size range is at 80～172 μ m orders, and the oxygen content of powder is 105ppm.
What this example was different from example 1 is: the Flywheel disc rotating speed is 40000r/min, and flow velocity is instilled into centrifugal atomizing on the Flywheel disc of atomisation tower during blanking with 1.2kg/min, and after testing: the powder size scope is 38～114 μ m orders, and the oxygen content of powder is 133ppm.Other is identical with example 1.
This routine Flywheel disc rotating speed is 35000r/min, flow velocity is instilled into centrifugal atomizing on the Flywheel disc of atomisation tower during blanking with 2.0kg/min, immediately atomisation tower being charged to pressure after the blanking is 1.1 atmospheric pressure, opens cooling water, and centrifugal liquid grain of going out condenses in flight course and becomes spherical powder.Atomizing is treated to cool off at N fully after finishing
2Be to sieve in 1.3 atmospheric protective atmospheres.After testing: powder is spherical, and particle size range is 95ppm in the oxygen content of 45～131 μ m powder.Other is identical with example 1.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of a spherical hypoxemia aluminium base solder powder, it is characterized in that: each raw material components Hybrid Heating of described brazing filler metal alloy fusing back is instilled into to fill on the atomizing Flywheel disc that nitrogen atomizing indoor high-speed rotates and carries out centrifugal atomizing stablize flow velocity, the Flywheel disc rotating speed is 15000～40000r/min, because of surface tension effects is condensed into spherical powder, its oxygen content is all less than 140ppm in flight course for atomized alloy liquid grain.
2. the preparation method of aluminium base solder powder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described stable flow velocity is 1.2～2.5kg/min.
3. the preparation method of aluminium base solder powder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described brazing filler metal alloy is a kind of of Al-Si, Al-Si-Zn or Al-Si-Cu alloy, and the degree of superheat of described heat fused is 650～670 ℃.
4. the preparation method of aluminium base solder powder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described its pressure of nitrogen that fills is 1～1.1 atmospheric pressure.
5. the preparation method of aluminium base solder powder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described Flywheel disc rotating speed is 25000～35000r/min.
6. the preparation method of aluminium base solder powder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the furnace of described heat fused employing is made up of smelting furnace and vacuum refining furnace successively, and the vacuum of vacuum refining furnace is 1～1.2 * 10
-3Pa.
7. any one described aluminium base solder powder for preparing equipment of claim 1～6, it is characterized in that: be provided with smelting furnace (1) successively, vacuum refining furnace (2) and inside are the atomisation tower (7) of spray chamber, the smelting furnace present position is in high refining furnace, the refining furnace present position is higher than atomisation tower, the smelting furnace bottom is connected with conduit and refining furnace leads to, the refining furnace bottom is connected with mozzle (3) and leads to described spray chamber, the end that is positioned at the described mozzle of spray chamber is provided with nozzle (4), be provided with the Flywheel disc (5) that motor (6) drives in the described spray chamber, this Flywheel disc is positioned at described nozzle below, described atomisation tower locular wall has the water-cooling type structure, and the atomisation tower bottom is connected with powder collecting bucket (8).
8. equipment as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that described Flywheel disc (5) diameter is Φ 62～75mm.
9. the described equipment of claim 7 is characterized in that the axle center of described nozzle discharging opening and the axle center of Flywheel disc are in a straight line.
10. equipment as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that described Flywheel disc (5) made by metal A l, Ti or stainless steel; Described atomisation tower locular wall has the water-cooling type structure and is meant that the atomisation tower locular wall is the hollow double wall, and the hollow folder is filled with recirculated cooling water in the chamber.
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| CN2010101758687A CN102248173A (en) | 2010-05-19 | 2010-05-19 | Method and equipment for preparing spherical low-oxygen aluminum-based solder powder |
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| CN2010101758687A CN102248173A (en) | 2010-05-19 | 2010-05-19 | Method and equipment for preparing spherical low-oxygen aluminum-based solder powder |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102974834A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-03-20 | 东莞市新科炬机械制造有限公司 | Device for preparing ultrafine solder powder |
| CN104325147A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-04 | 北京康普锡威科技有限公司 | In-situ passivation method for preparing spherical brazing powder through atomization |
| CN105478789A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-04-13 | 深圳市中金岭南科技有限公司 | Preparation method of spherical and spheroidal zinc powder |
| CN105680014A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-15 | 柳州豪祥特科技有限公司 | Preparation method for tin-copper alloy powder |
| CN106563810A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-04-19 | 江苏广昇新材料有限公司 | Centrifugal atomized powder making technology of high-performance solder powder and device thereof |
| CN111230132A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-06-05 | 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 | Preparation method of metal powder |
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| CN1827809A (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2006-09-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method and apparatus for preparing composite solder for welding particle enhanced aluminium-based composite material |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102974834A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-03-20 | 东莞市新科炬机械制造有限公司 | Device for preparing ultrafine solder powder |
| CN104325147A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-04 | 北京康普锡威科技有限公司 | In-situ passivation method for preparing spherical brazing powder through atomization |
| CN105478789A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-04-13 | 深圳市中金岭南科技有限公司 | Preparation method of spherical and spheroidal zinc powder |
| CN105680014A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-15 | 柳州豪祥特科技有限公司 | Preparation method for tin-copper alloy powder |
| CN105680014B (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2019-02-01 | 柳州豪祥特科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of gun-metal powder |
| CN106563810A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-04-19 | 江苏广昇新材料有限公司 | Centrifugal atomized powder making technology of high-performance solder powder and device thereof |
| CN106563810B (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-01 | 江苏广昇新材料有限公司 | The centrifugal atomizing flouring technology and its device of high-performance solder powder |
| CN111230132A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-06-05 | 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 | Preparation method of metal powder |
| CN111230132B (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-25 | 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 | Preparation method of metal powder |
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Application publication date: 20111123 |