CN102248101A - Whole forging near net forming process for inner ball cage sliding sleeve - Google Patents
Whole forging near net forming process for inner ball cage sliding sleeve Download PDFInfo
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- CN102248101A CN102248101A CN2011101603591A CN201110160359A CN102248101A CN 102248101 A CN102248101 A CN 102248101A CN 2011101603591 A CN2011101603591 A CN 2011101603591A CN 201110160359 A CN201110160359 A CN 201110160359A CN 102248101 A CN102248101 A CN 102248101A
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Abstract
The invention provides a whole forging near net forming process for an inner ball cage sliding sleeve, comprising the following steps of: blanking, machining to prepare a blank, shot blasting, surface coating, rod part forward extruding, barrel part upsetting, barrel part reverse extruding, spheroidizing and annealing, phosphorus saponifying and barrel part finishing and forming. The inner ball cage sliding sleeve manufactured by adopting the process provided by the invention has the advantages of uniform structure, high density, strength and hardness, small size error, no follow-up machining, high processing efficiency, short production period, material conservation and high practical value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material near-net forming field, be specifically related to a kind of internal spherical cage sliding sleeve solid forging near-net forming technology.
Background technology
Constant velocity cardan joint is that the axle that two axis do not overlap is coupled together, and make the mechanism of diaxon with unequal angular velocity transmission campaign, it is the vitals in the car drivetrain system, its effect is the driving wheel that the power of engine is delivered to automobile from speed changer (differential mechanism), satisfy the requirement of car transmission shaft outer end corner, and the power of engine passed to wheel steadily, reliably, beating of the inner suspension of compensation car drives car and runs at high speed; Constant velocity cardan joint mainly is made up of internal spherical cage, ectosphere cage, semiaxis, the internal spherical cage sliding sleeve is as key part in the internal spherical cage, play glenoid effect in transmission, directly determine the pendulum angle of universal joint, each car needs two internal spherical cage sliding sleeves at least, be installed on the both sides of drive, the tradition processing mode is a process for machining, and working (machining) efficiency is low, and the production cycle is long, waste of material is serious, therefore is necessary to improve.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned defective, a kind of even structure is provided, density, intensity and hardness height, the internal spherical cage sliding sleeve solid forging near-net forming technology that scale error is little.
The technical solution used in the present invention: internal spherical cage sliding sleeve solid forging near-net forming technology, form by following step:
1) blanking, getting the round steel bar stock saw cutting is former material base;
2) blank is made in machined, and former material base surface scale is removed in machined;
3) ball blast adds an amount of grit in steel sand, fully the hacking blank surface forms pit;
4) face coat with blank heating to 220 ℃-270 ℃, according to the ratio preparation graphite emulsion of the graphite and the ratio 1:20 of emulsion weight, is put into blank the graphite emulsion then and is soaked after 1 minute and take out;
5) bar portion is just crowded, just forces down mould with putting into after the blank heating to 800 ℃-840 ℃, uses the upper punch extrusion billet, and forward extrusion bar portion is configured as forging stock;
6) tube portion jumping-up will be possessed the just crowded back forging stock of 750 ℃-800 ℃ of Yu Wen and put into the jumping-up counterdie, adopt the upper punch extruding forging stock consistent with die topography under the jumping-up, during the tube portion profile of in counterdie, upsetting in advance, and while control lever portion's diameter and length dimension;
7) tube portion instead squeezes, will possess the jumping-up of 700 ℃-750 ℃ of Yu Wen after forging stock put into the anti-mould of forcing down, patrix is the drift than the monolateral big 0.3mm of finished cylinder portion cavity shape, after forging stock is stressed, rightabout stream material along drift moves encases drift fully, and launches counter forcing down in the model cavity;
8) spheroidizing is instead squeezed back forging stock heating-up temperature to 720 ℃-740 ℃ with tube portion, be incubated 3-4 hour, and the air cooling of coming out of the stove after being cooled to be less than or equal to 500 ℃ with stove is controlled annealing hardness at 70-85HRB;
9) phospholeum processing, it is 50-60 ℃ that forging stock after the spheroidizing is put into temperature earlier, in the sulfuric acid of concentration 10-20% pickling 5-10 minute, clear water rinsing 1-2 minute; Putting into temperature again is 70-80 ℃, in the phosphate solution of concentration 45-55% phosphatization 10-15 minute, and clear water rinsing 1-2 minute; Putting into temperature at last is 80-95 ℃, in the saponification liquor of concentration 1.5-2.5% saponification 8-10 minute;
10) finishing of tube portion is shaped, and the forging stock tube portion inner chamber after the phospholeum processing is put on the trimming punch, adopts die cavity than the monolateral upper cavity die that dwindles 0.1mm of finished product forging stock profile, downwards diameter reducing extrusion tube portion profile.
Above-mentioned steps one, former material base weight is greater than 10% of finished product forging stock weight; Above-mentioned steps two, billet weight is greater than finished product forging stock weight 6%.
Above-mentioned steps three, steel sand diameter are 0.8mm, and the grit diameter is 1mm.
Above-mentioned steps five is used the upper punch extrusion billet, when forward extrusion bar portion is configured as forging stock, control lever portion diameter and length dimension, diameter than jumping-up after the little 0.2-0.4mm of forging stock, length than jumping-up after the short 4-6mm of forging stock.
Above-mentioned steps six is monolateral shape of evenly dwindling 0.3mm with pre-rammer of tube portion water jacket shape, the pre-tube portion profile of upsetting in counterdie, and control lever portion diameter and length dimension, diameter instead squeezes the little 0.2-0.4mm in back than tube portion, and length is instead squeezed the short 1-2mm in back than tube portion.
Above-mentioned steps seven, after forging stock is stressed, expect along the rightabout stream that drift moves, encase drift fully, and launch counter forcing down in the model cavity, the anti-model cavity of forcing down is than the monolateral amplification 2.5mm of finished product forging stock profile, and the application cylinder portion inner chamber degree of depth is greater than 70% of the finished product forging stock degree of depth, bar portion diameter is a finished size, and length also is finished size.
The present invention's advantage compared with prior art:
1, internal spherical cage sliding sleeve solid forging near-net forming, follow-up without the machined moulding;
2, adopt the positioning and guiding cover on the warm forging mould structure, the axiality and the wall thickness of raceway die cavity and water jacket die cavity are poor in guaranteeing;
3, interior raceway instead squeezes drift and repaiies type, is convenient to the inner chamber moulding abundance after the finishing.
The specific embodiment
A kind of embodiment of the present invention is described below.
The internal spherical cage sliding sleeve of solid forging near-net forming, form by tubular and bar portion two parts, cylindrical portion need not follow-up machining, directly forge water jacket and interior raceway die cavity, bar portion obtains by the extruding elongation, leave a spot of machine-finish allowance, the material more than a times is saved in the contrast machined, and efficient improves 30 times.
Internal spherical cage sliding sleeve solid forging near-net forming technology, at first process is made in cold warm forging according to three-dimensional simulation moulding software simulation, design molding and getting the raw materials ready, the present embodiment processing step is:
1, the round steel bar stock saw cutting is got in blanking, and former material base weight is greater than 10% of finished product forging stock weight after the blanking;
2, blank is made in machined, and former material base surface scale is removed in machined, and guarantees that billet weight is greater than finished product forging stock weight 6%;
3, ball blast, the purpose of ball blast are to increase the adsorption capacity of blank surface to coating agent, can select the grit of an amount of 1mm of adding in the steel sand of diameter 0.8mm for use, and fully the hacking blank surface forms pit, can adsorb more coating agent when face coat;
4, face coat, blank surface absorbent coating agent (water-based graphite emulsion MD2), for pushing to flow, blank provides good lubricating in die cavity, reduce flow resistance and protect mould, prevent the mould plucking, can be during coating with blank heating to 220 ℃-270 ℃, preferred 250 ℃, according to the ratio preparation graphite emulsion of graphite, then blank is put into the graphite emulsion and soaked taking-up after 1 minute with the ratio 1:20 of emulsion weight;
5, bar portion is just crowded, control lever portion diameter and length dimension, the little 0.2-0.4mm of diameter after bar portion diameter ratio is pre-upset, the short 4-6mm of diameter conveniently put into portion's heading die fully with bar portion after bar minister degree ratio was pre-upset, before just squeezing, bar portion needs just to force down mould with putting into after the blank heating to 800 ℃-840 ℃, use the upper punch extrusion billet, forward extrusion bar portion is configured as forging stock, in extrusion process, at any time check that blank has or not plucking, so that mould is just being forced down in reparation in time;
6, tube portion jumping-up, must be instead to squeeze consistent monolateral shape of evenly dwindling 0.3mm with pre-rammer of tube portion water jacket shape with tube portion, blowing is forced down in the mould in anti-when being convenient to a portion and instead squeezing, to possess the back forging stock that just squeezes of 750 ℃-800 ℃ of Yu Wen and put into the jumping-up counterdie, adopt the upper punch extruding forging stock consistent with die topography under the jumping-up, the pre-tube portion profile of upsetting in counterdie, control lever portion diameter and length dimension, bar portion diameter instead squeezes the little 0.2-0.4mm of back diameter than tube portion, bar minister degree instead squeezes the short 1-2mm of back length than tube portion, conveniently bar portion is put into the anti-extruding mold of a portion fully, check that at any time forging stock has or not plucking, in time repair the counterdie of pre-upsetting;
7, tube portion instead squeezes, forging stock is put into the anti-mould of forcing down after will possessing the jumping-up of 700 ℃-750 ℃ of Yu Wen, patrix is the drift than the monolateral big 0.3mm of finished cylinder portion cavity shape, because during finishing forging stock inner chamber, the place not enough in distortion can produce hickie (vestige that is not expressed to), can when anti-squeezing, the correction of the flank shape of drift correspondence position arrive finished size, after forging stock is stressed, expect along the rightabout stream that drift moves, encase drift fully, and launch counter forcing down in the model cavity, the anti-model cavity of forcing down is than the monolateral amplification 2.5mm of finished product profile, and the application cylinder portion inner chamber degree of depth is greater than 70% of the finished product degree of depth, bar portion diameter is a finished size, the size that length also requires for finished product checks that at any time forging stock has or not plucking, in time anti-mould or the drift forced down of reparation;
8, spheroidizing is instead squeezed back forging stock heating-up temperature to 720 ℃-740 ℃ with tube portion, be incubated 3-4 hour, and the air cooling of coming out of the stove after being cooled to be less than or equal to 500 ℃ with stove is controlled annealing hardness 70-85HRB;
9, phospholeum processing, it is 50-60 ℃ that forging stock after the spheroidizing is put into temperature earlier, in the sulfuric acid of concentration 10-20% pickling 5-10 minute, clear water rinsing 1-2 minute; Putting into temperature again is 70-80 ℃, in the phosphate solution of concentration 45-55% phosphatization 10-15 minute, and clear water rinsing 1-2 minute; Putting into temperature at last is 80-95 ℃, in the saponification liquor of concentration 1.5-2.5% saponification 8-10 minute;
10, the finishing of tube portion is shaped, forging stock tube portion inner chamber after the phospholeum processing is put on the trimming punch, adopt die cavity than the monolateral upper cavity die that dwindles 0.1mm of finished product profile, downward diameter reducing extrusion tube portion profile, tube portion elongates the size of finished product requirement, the forging stock appearance and size size of finished product requirement that just rebounds after the depanning, surface of internal cavity extends friction on trimming punch, because the roughness of trimming punch is through polishing, roughness is very good less than Ra0.05, can squeeze out the smooth inner chamber of roughness, check that at any time forging stock has or not plucking, in time repair drift and tube reducing upper cavity die less than Ra0.8.
The measure of specifically taking in the implementation process has:
1, for preventing that inner chamber and profile from producing axiality and the wall thickness mistake is poor, when tube portion instead squeezed, drift top processed the targeting part consistent with the counterdie die cavity, guaranteed that the guide pushes backward, guaranteed that inside and outside die cavity axiality and wall thickness are poor;
2, anti-crowded drift is the drift than the monolateral big 0.3mm of finished cylinder portion cavity shape, because tube portion finishing forging stock inner chamber can produce hickie (vestige that is not expressed to) in the not enough place of distortion, actually add man-hour, drift in the middle of interior raceway near the correction of the flank shape of inner cylinder position to finished size;
3, the special elasticity three-pawl type of tube portion finishing material-supporting device makes things convenient for the forging stock material returned after the finishing.
The product technology parameter:
Material selection is generally high duty alloy carbon steel such as 20CrMnTi, 20CrMnTiH, 40Cr, 55#, CF53;
Bar portion hardness is 160-240HB;
Tube portion hardness reaches 180-260HB;
Dense internal organization, grain size is more than 6 grades;
Metal streamline is symmetrically distributed continuously along axis.
Interior raceway equal indicative error ± 3 °
Roughness≤Ra0.8
The foregoing description is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be used for limiting the scope of the present invention, so all equivalences of being done with the described content of claim of the present invention change, all should be included within the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. internal spherical cage sliding sleeve solid forging near-net forming technology is characterized in that being made up of following step:
1) blanking, getting the round steel bar stock saw cutting is former material base;
2) blank is made in machined, and former material base surface scale is removed in machined;
3) ball blast adds an amount of grit in steel sand, fully the hacking blank surface forms pit;
4) face coat with blank heating to 220 ℃-270 ℃, according to the ratio preparation graphite emulsion of the graphite and the ratio 1:20 of emulsion weight, is put into blank the graphite emulsion then and is soaked after 1 minute and take out;
5) bar portion is just crowded, just forces down mould with putting into after the blank heating to 800 ℃-840 ℃, uses the upper punch extrusion billet, and forward extrusion bar portion is configured as forging stock;
6) tube portion jumping-up will be possessed the just crowded back forging stock of 750 ℃-800 ℃ of Yu Wen and put into the jumping-up counterdie, adopt the upper punch extruding forging stock consistent with die topography under the jumping-up, during the tube portion profile of in counterdie, upsetting in advance, and while control lever portion's diameter and length dimension;
7) tube portion instead squeezes, will possess the jumping-up of 700 ℃-750 ℃ of Yu Wen after forging stock put into the anti-mould of forcing down, patrix is the drift than the monolateral big 0.3mm of finished cylinder portion cavity shape, after forging stock is stressed, rightabout stream material along drift moves encases drift fully, and launches counter forcing down in the model cavity;
8) spheroidizing is instead squeezed back forging stock heating-up temperature to 720 ℃-740 ℃ with tube portion, be incubated 3-4 hour, and the air cooling of coming out of the stove after being cooled to be less than or equal to 500 ℃ with stove is controlled annealing hardness at 70-85HRB;
9) phospholeum processing, it is 50-60 ℃ that forging stock after the spheroidizing is put into temperature earlier, in the sulfuric acid of concentration 10-20% pickling 5-10 minute, clear water rinsing 1-2 minute; Putting into temperature again is 70-80 ℃, in the phosphate solution of concentration 45-55% phosphatization 10-15 minute, and clear water rinsing 1-2 minute; Putting into temperature at last is 80-95 ℃, in the saponification liquor of concentration 1.5-2.5% saponification 8-10 minute;
10) finishing of tube portion is shaped, and the forging stock tube portion inner chamber after the phospholeum processing is put on the trimming punch, adopts die cavity than the monolateral upper cavity die that dwindles 0.1mm of finished product forging stock profile, downwards diameter reducing extrusion tube portion profile.
2. internal spherical cage sliding sleeve solid forging near-net forming technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: above-mentioned steps one, and former material base weight is greater than 10% of finished product forging stock weight; Above-mentioned steps two, billet weight is greater than finished product forging stock weight 6%.
3. internal spherical cage sliding sleeve solid forging near-net forming technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned steps three, steel sand diameter are 0.8mm, the grit diameter is 1mm.
4. internal spherical cage sliding sleeve solid forging near-net forming technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned steps five, use the upper punch extrusion billet, when forward extrusion bar portion is configured as forging stock, control lever portion diameter and length dimension, diameter than jumping-up after the little 0.2-0.4mm of forging stock, length than jumping-up after the short 4-6mm of forging stock.
5. internal spherical cage sliding sleeve solid forging near-net forming technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned steps six, the pre-rammer of tube portion water jacket shape is monolateral shape of evenly dwindling 0.3mm, the pre-tube portion profile of upsetting in counterdie, control lever portion diameter and length dimension, diameter instead squeezes the little 0.2-0.4mm in back than tube portion, and length is instead squeezed the short 1-2mm in back than tube portion.
6. internal spherical cage sliding sleeve solid forging near-net forming technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned steps seven, after forging stock is stressed, rightabout stream material along drift moves encases drift fully, and launches counter forcing down in the model cavity, the anti-model cavity of forcing down is than the monolateral amplification 2.5mm of finished product forging stock profile, the application cylinder portion inner chamber degree of depth is greater than 70% of the finished product forging stock degree of depth, and bar portion diameter is a finished size, and length also is finished size.
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Application publication date: 20111123 |