CN102245012B - The system and method for growing plant in the most modulated environment - Google Patents
The system and method for growing plant in the most modulated environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN102245012B CN102245012B CN200980149945.7A CN200980149945A CN102245012B CN 102245012 B CN102245012 B CN 102245012B CN 200980149945 A CN200980149945 A CN 200980149945A CN 102245012 B CN102245012 B CN 102245012B
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 claims description 11
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007952 growth promoter Substances 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
A kind of for the system of growing plant (1) in the most modulated environment, it comprises cultivation pedestal (11), for receiving the cultivation matrix (3) wherein with root system of plant (4).Provide root temperature control means (12) that and can be suitable for applying predetermined root temperature to root system, and and can be suitable for being exposed to the leaf of plant the illumination means (20,21,22) of actinicity artificial light.According to the present invention, additionally providing leaf heater means, it and can be suitable for the foliar spray to plant and adds the Ye Wen being different from ambient temperature.Therefore, in the method for growing plant, the carton dioxide assimilation management of leaves of plants system is affected, and the supply of actinic light, the management of root gentleness carton dioxide assimilation adapt to each other.
Description
The present invention relates to for the system of growing plant in the most modulated environment, institute
The system of stating comprises for accepting the cultivation pedestal wherein with the cultivation matrix of root system of plant, it is possible to
And be suitable for applying to root system the root temperature control means of predetermined root temperature, and comprise and can and be suitable for
The leaf of plant is exposed to the illumination means of actinicity artificial light.Additionally, the present invention relates to so that
The method of the mode growing plant that small part is modulated, wherein provides actinic light to plant, and
And wherein the root temperature of root system of plant is maintained desirable value.
Such system and such method are suitable for large-scale application glass gardening in greenhouse
In.Wherein, at least substantially close after glass and modulated environment produces manufactured gas
Wait, and make it be adapted to the optimum growing condition of plant culture as much as possible.It is possible to planting
Thing can not be survived out of doors or at least can not reach area and the seasonal growth plant grown completely.
Additionally, it is possible to accurately the production of plant is adapted to required harvest time.Therefore can
Enough amount and the time the most relatively precisely estimating to obtain plant.Additionally, it is if it is required, same
Product can annual grow, and plant and the flower being in life all stages can be cultivated.
In traditional glass gardening, sunlight is used as the principal light source of actinic light, described
Actinic light is i.e. the light cooperation that its wavelength can cause or affect in the response of plant, such as leaf
With or the optional visible ray of growth conditions that determines.Additionally, sunlight is with the form of infra-red radiation
Heat is provided, thus can maintain the air themperature of rising compared with external temperature in greenhouse.?
In the case of there is not sunlight, the most at night, can carry out heating to maintain this
Plant the air themperature raised, and partial occlusion or filtration can be utilized by day to stop sunlight
Be excessively entering into, and ventilation can also be utilized to regulate the climate.Generally speaking, in greenhouse
Weather can thus be controlled in certain limit, it is possible to is adapted to the life needed for plant culture
Long growing, described growth promoter is further with the moisture of controlled dose and nutrition and insecticide
Control.Here another kind of element is root temperature.Having been found that can be by controlling root
Temperature affects the growth of plant.Given this, it is provided that root temperature control means are to maintain root temperature
It is different from air themperature.
But, classical glass gardening has also the drawback that.First, must consider especially here
To environment.Its consumed energy is to keep greenhouse warm, and needs day for certain plants
Night illuminates.It is therefore important that regulate energy management as efficiently as possible.Additionally, work as greenhouse
When being built in densely populated areas or be neighbouring, space aspect is also a key factor.Tradition
Greenhouse after all needs the entrance of sunlight and takies the soil of relatively great amount of costliness in these areas
Area, these soils otherwise can be used for office, dwelling construction or infrastructure.In order to solve
This problem, seeking low daylight, particularly underground without daylight and the solution of multilamellar,
So as to comprehensively utilize same land area.Because in this case it is necessary to manually providing
Do not only have heat and also actinic light, energy management is even more problematic, therefore for the greatest extent
Efficient plant culture may there is demand.
The target of the present invention is provided in particular in growing plant in the most modulated environment
System and method, it can improve efficiency further.
In order to realize described target, the invention is characterized in that of the system of type described in foreword carries
Leaf heater means, the foliar spray that described leaf heater means can and be suitable for plant has been supplied to add not
It is same as the Ye Wen of ambient temperature.Thus, the system of the present invention is by energy correct on regulation leaf
Amount, and in terms of the amount of light and for plant growing react for the sake of spectral ratio such as blue light/
Spectrum needed for HONGGUANG and HONGGUANG/far-red light ratio aspect and specific reaction such as chromogenesis
Aspect controls illumination, and controls and optimize root pressure activity, thus provide by leaf controlled
Evaporation and the selection of carbon dioxide assimilation.This all occurs at the most modulated environment
In, wherein air humidity balance, room temperature and gas concentration lwevel and for plant water and
The factor aspects such as nutrition, can be by climate controlling in narrow limit.
The present invention is to be based on the following recognition, and i.e. successfully development of plants is substantially born by three kinds of factors
Duty, i.e. photosynthesis, under the influence of advantage root pressure (prevailing root pressure) plant
In the stemflow that is pushed up and the carbon dioxide assimilation of the main leaf system system by plant,
And these three factor must always be mutually adapted, in order to raw in fact realizing optimal plant
Long.In addition to the entrance of root gentleness actinic light, the carton dioxide assimilation management of plant also may be used
With by providing leaf heater means to control in the system of the present invention.Due to additional heating,
Pore in leaf will be opened further, thus add carbon dioxide and enter leaf and moisture from leaf
Evaporation.If the stemflow in plant is stimulated by root temperature rise, the latter will be particular importance,
Because this stemflow will must be discharged by same pore.On the contrary, permissible under relatively low stemflow
Reduce leaf temperature, in order to stop undesired plant arid.Sum it up, can thus control to bear
The most important climate parameter of duty development of plants, so as to real in these elements each
Existing optimum efficiency, is preferably minimized energy expenditure simultaneously.
The invention is characterized in that of the specific embodiments of system, illumination means can and be suitable for
In launching desired photosynthesis and/or the light of growth conditions that can be adapted to institute cultivated plant
According to spectrum.Therefore, it is possible to only supply the actinicity needed for development of plants with enough intensity
Light component, avoids non-actinicity composition or excess simultaneously as far as possible, in order to limit the overall of system
Energy expenditure and/or the possible ill-effect to development of plants.
In another embodiment, the system of the present invention is characterised by illumination means bag
Containing one group of light emitting diode, these diodes and can be suitable for launching the radiation of different wave length,
But and each ground, control the most in groups.This so-called LED element produces the most single
The light of color, and different wave length can be obtained, particularly the far-red light of spectrum, gold-tinted, green glow and
In blue light visible part.Therefore, by combination and the selection of each LED, it is possible to build and appoint
Take as an elective course to change and be best suitable for light compositing activity (PAR) spectrum that plant specifically needs.
Leaf heater means can be formed in various manners itself, although in preferred embodiments,
Present system is characterised by that leaf heater means comprises and can and be applicable to infra-red radiation pair
Leaf carries out at least one thermal source of irradiation.Except adding fully or partially through intermediary's medium conduction
Outside hot means, additionally it is possible to carry out exchange type with leaf and contact, this thermal source is mainly by directly
Radiation produces exchange type contact.This efficient and efficient heating not only causing that leaf system unites,
But also achieving that intended with environment temperature difference the most in a particularly efficient manner, it has
Help required pore expand.In a further preferred embodiment, the feature of present system
It is that illumination means and thermal source are contained in separated device, in order to thus from actinic light
The range of accommodation in source is got rid of the possible destructive shadow of the inevitable heat dissipation of thermal source self
Ring.
Although root temperature control means also can realize in a wide variety of ways, but system of the present invention itself
System preferred embodiment be characterised by root temperature control means comprise in running
Wherein receiving the confined bed guard system of the liquid stream with controlled temperature, wherein conduit system can
And be suitable for produce contact with the exchange type of cultivation matrix.Such conduit system can be by example
Pipe or fin system such as in cultivation matrix or lower section are formed, and liquid stream is the most roundabout
Flowing.By so the cultivation matrix wherein receiving root system being heated and cooling down, it is possible to system
One controls root temperature.Another embodiment of present system is characterised by leaf heater means
And providing between root temperature control means and control, it makes leaf gentleness root temperature interdepend.The most just
Being frequently grown in track, therefore Ye Wen by complying with the change of root temperature, optionally in the way of being directly proportional
And become so that assimilation management keeps Tong Bu with root bucklingization.
In order to realize described target, the invention is characterized in that of the method for type described in foreword is planted
The carton dioxide assimilation management of thing leaf system system is the most impacted, and the supply of actinic light, root temperature
Adapt to each other with carton dioxide assimilation management.This method and understanding phase one described above
Causing, i.e. the carton dioxide assimilation management of root temperature, the spectrum supplied and leaf is not independent entity,
But the most interrelated could obtain optimal result.The method of the present invention is with such as these growths
The form that the plant-independent of factor and/or growth stage dependency adjust, it is provided that arrange this
The selection of interdependence.
In a particular embodiment, the method is characterized in that the leaf by regulation leaf system system
Temperature, to be different from ambient temperature, affects carton dioxide assimilation management.Described above
The system of invention is very suitable for implementing this method, because except controlling other described growths
Outside factor, it is also possible to thus regulation leaf temperature so that if necessary, it is different from environment
Temperature.In another embodiment, the method is characterized in that light supply,
Root gentleness leaf temperature depends on that plant adapts to each other.
For optimizing the photosynthesis of plant and the purpose of growth conditions, another of the inventive method
Individual specific embodiments is characterised by that the spectrum of provided actinicity artificial light is adapted to be beaten
The photosynthesis of plant calculated and/or growth conditions.The light cooperation plant is adjusted by the most specific
With with the mutual ratio of the various light components of figure in growth promoter and intensity, relatively low
Total light intensity and energy consumption under remain able to realize high yield.In the situation of the present invention, this
Another specific embodiments of bright method is characterised by the leaf gentleness root of artificial light spectrum, leaf
Temperature depends on that plant independently of one another but is dependently of each other controlled.
On the basis of exemplary and accompanying drawing, the present invention will be explained further now
State.In the drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the cross section local of the device in the exemplary of present system
View.
Figure is purely diagrammatical, is not necessarily to scale.For the sake of clarity, some are concrete
Size may degree be exaggerated more or less.Parts corresponding in figure are as far as possible by identical ginseng
Examine numeral denotion.
In Fig. 1, the system of display employs the multilamellar cultivation of plant 1, so as to maximum possible
Utilize useable surface area.Plant is contained in culture plate 2, has applicable cultivation base in dish
Matter 3, such as soil, glass cotton, asbestos or only water, for receiving the root system of wherein plant
4.Culture plate 2 one is placed on the other side almost completely by the frame of rustless steel structure
On the beam 11 of frame 10.Therefore this wheel carrier 10 of any requirement can be combined,
To form the system of completely cultivating in conditioned environment, plant is wherein in the way of entirely controlled
Reach full growth.Irrigate and fertilizing equipment (display the most further) is arranged on wheel carrier 10
Or wherein, in order to provide sufficient water and necessary nutrient for plant.
The beam 11 of wheel carrier respectively comprises the confined bed guard system of the most roundabout flexible pipe or pipe
12.In this, continuous print hollow fin system can also optionally be used as conduit system.This
Planting conduit system 12, the heat-carrying agent such as water of controlled temperature can being guided to control through it
The temperature of root system, defines a part for root temperature control means.The medium of heating is at running
Middle heat being released to such as beam, heat is then conducted to wherein have plant through culture plate by described beam
The cultivation matrix of root system.On the contrary, it is also possible to utilize the heat-carrying agent of cooling to extract heat from root bed.
Therefore, according to method described herein, run duration by root system with or high or low degree of accuracy
It is maintained at required root temperature.For the control more special to this heat transport offer, thus provide more
Effective heat-exchange capacity, beam is taked the form of multilamellar, is had foam plastics the most poly-amino first
Acid esters foam or the heat insulation substrate 13 of polystyrene foam, have reflective top layer 14 and such as reflect gold
Belong to coating or be provided with other intermediate layers of this coating, followed by conduit system 12 and thereon
The metallic plate 15 such as rustless steel with thermal conductive resin.
Each layer of cultivation system 10 is provided with the artificial light sources 20 of illuminator form, wherein
There is light emitting diode (LED) and organize 21, there may also be in addition other light sources 22 such as ultraviolet or
Infrared radiator.The light of the LED diode emitter in first group is at least mainly visible at spectrum
In part, particularly red, yellow, and green or blue light, and second group 22 is added thereto to invisible group
Divide such as infrared light and black light.Illuminator 20 is provided with controller and (shows the most further
Show), use it can be with selectivity and individually control the element in different groups and group, in order to
The concrete spectral composition making transmitting light in running is suitable for the demand of cultivated plant 1
And type.Because beam is optionally separated from one another with significant degree, can be to often if therefore needed
Root beam provides different spectrum, in order to cultivate different plants the most in combination with each other and for every kind
Plant provides the suitableeest spectrum.This system is especially suitable for applying at low sunshine or ring the most without sunshine
In border, such as in underground.
Additionally providing the leaf heater means 30 of infrared radiator form in cultivation system, it is placed in
In Ceng on the either side of the shelf of wheel carrier.Infrared radiator is launched directly on the direction of the leaf of plant
Connect heat radiation, the most if necessary, it is possible to make the Ye Wen of leaf raise relative to ambient temperature.
Thus can control the carton dioxide assimilation management of leaf to a great extent, particularly be adapted to plant
The root pressure of the stemflow produced by root system 4 in thing.This is because the heating of leaf causes pore in leaf
Expand, thus make them be better able to discharge by allowing water to evaporate the root pressure of surplus, with
Time photosynthesis needed for sufficient carton dioxide assimilation then use illumination means activate and control
System, continues still through these same pores.But, on the other hand, if take is to plant
The cutting of thing, then leaf system system is not heated or at least at root growth modeling (increased root
Simulation) heat less under, thus limit evaporation and guarantee that existence is many on cutting surface
Remaining moisture.Sum it up, can the most individually regulate main life in the system of the present invention
Long factor, i.e. photosynthesis, root pressure and carton dioxide assimilation, and these factors are in each life
The long stage also the most accurately adjusts for each plant, in order to promote optimum growh and life
Long status.
Although the most only the present invention being entered on the basis of an exemplary
One step illustrates, it is apparent that the present invention is by no means limited to this.On the contrary, professional and technical personnel be not required to
Distant mode departs from the scope of the present invention, and just can make many other amendment and embodiment party
Case.Therefore, root temperature control means also can comprise the conduit system being located immediately in cultivation matrix,
It more or less directly carries out exchange type with root system and contacts.At water or aqueous matrix such as glass
When carrying out cultivating on cotton or asbestos, it is also possible to by controllably controlling the water supplied to it
Temperature, control root temperature.
The artificial light used in instances is to utilize light emitting diode (LED), although at this
Growth electric filament lamp conventional in bright scope can also be the most alternative, and the present invention also fits
Situation for daylight wholly or in part.
The multilamellar cultivation on movable wheel carrier is used, although in the present invention in given example
In the range of it is also contemplated that with monolayer cultivation and/or with fixing arrangement mode cultivation.
Within the scope of the invention, carton dioxide assimilation and moisture evaporation by leaf system system are permissible
It is controlled and is specifically adapted to root pressure.Instead of using direct infrared lamp, this can also utilize and lean on
The coiled-coil filament of nearly leaf system system placement, heating plate etc. realize.If it is required, leaf heating hands
Infrared radiator in section such as embodiment, can be incorporated into artificial light further and shine the same of means
In one device, to reach such as to save space and/or easy-to-install purpose.
In the present invention, real it is important that the growth promoter of plant is by most important growth factor
I.e. photosynthesis, root pressure is determined with the faintest link in the chain of carton dioxide assimilation, and
And according to the present invention, all of these factors taken together is controlled in the mode of being mutually related, and if
Need, changed by manual type, in order to obtain optimal chain.
Claims (7)
1. for producing the gardening system of plant, described ring in without daylight, modulated environment
Border comprises the cultivation pedestal for receiving described root system of plant wherein, is exposed by the leaf of plant
Compose in the illumination with desired photosynthesis and/or the growth conditions being adapted to institute cultivated plant
The artificial light sources of artificial light actinic light, control the root temperature control means of the root temperature of root system, and
Add the leaf heater means of the leaf temperature being different from ambient temperature to foliar spray in described environment, wherein,
Root temperature control means include for receiving the liquid with controlled temperature in running wherein
The conduit system of stream, described liquid produces and contacts with the exchange type of the described root system of described plant
So that the cultivation pedestal wherein receiving root system is heated and cools down, wherein, it is provided that described leaf adds
The control of hot means and described temperature control means is to apply mutually to close between Ye Wen and root using warming therapy
System, and wherein, artificial light sources includes multiple light emitting diode, and described light emitting diode is with suitable
Should compose in the illumination of the described desired photosynthesis of institute cultivated plant and/or growth conditions and launch
Light.
2. the system that requires in claim 1, wherein, illumination means are to be adapted to be cultivated
The described desired photosynthesis of plant and/or the illumination spectrum of growth conditions launch light.
3. the system required in claim 2, wherein, illumination means comprise one group of light-emitting diodes
Pipe, described diode and can be suitable for launching the radiation of different wave length, and individually may be used
Control.
4. the system required in claim 2, wherein, illumination means comprise one group of light-emitting diodes
Pipe, described diode and can be suitable for launching the radiation of different wave length, and in groups may be used
Control.
5. the system required in claim 1, wherein, leaf heater means comprises and is suitable for red
At least one thermal source of external radiation irradiation leaf.
6. the system required in claim 5, wherein, illumination means and thermal source are contained in mutually
In separate device.
7., for the method producing plant in modulated environment, comprise the following steps:
A. desired photosynthesis and/or the growth shape of institute cultivated plant it is adapted to by generation
Multiple light emitting diodes of the illumination spectrum of state, expose plant in substantially free of the environment of daylight
In artificial light actinic light,
B. the root temperature of root system of plant is maintained desirable value,
C. the leaf temperature difference relative to ambient temperature is added to the foliar spray of plant, to affect the leaf system of plant
The carton dioxide assimilation management of system, and
D. plant described in the exposure of described actinic light, the described gentleness described leaf temperature difference being adapted to
The desired carton dioxide assimilation mechanism of thing,
Wherein, carton dioxide assimilation manages the impact of the leaf temperature that modulated leaf system is united so that it is not
It is same as ambient temperature；
Wherein, the supply of light, root gentleness leaf temperature depend on that plant adapts to each other；And
Wherein, artificial light spectrum, the leaf gentleness root temperature of leaf depend on that plant is independent of each other
But dependently of each other control.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2002091A NL2002091C (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2008-10-13 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR GROWING A CROP IN AN ALTHANS PARTY CONDITIONED ENVIRONMENT. |
| NL2002091 | 2008-10-13 | ||
| PCT/NL2009/050617 WO2010044662A1 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-13 | System and method for growing a plant in an at least partly conditioned environment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102245012A CN102245012A (en) | 2011-11-16 |
| CN102245012B true CN102245012B (en) | 2016-12-14 |
Family
ID=
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5009029A (en) * | 1987-07-06 | 1991-04-23 | Wittlin Seymour I | Conductive temperature control system for plant cultivation |
| US5269093A (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1993-12-14 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for controlling plant growth with artificial light |
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5009029A (en) * | 1987-07-06 | 1991-04-23 | Wittlin Seymour I | Conductive temperature control system for plant cultivation |
| US5269093A (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1993-12-14 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for controlling plant growth with artificial light |
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