CN102243280A - FDIR (fault detection, isolation and reconfiguration)-based fault diagnosis method for power system - Google Patents
FDIR (fault detection, isolation and reconfiguration)-based fault diagnosis method for power system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of power systems and provides an FDIR (fault detection, isolation and reconfiguration)-based fault diagnosis method for a power system. In the invention, firstly seven faults, namely a main transformer backup fault (B1 type), a main transformer no-backup fault (B2 type), a bus backup fault (M1 type), a bus no-backup fault (M2 type), a tie line backup fault (L1 type), a tie line no-backup fault (L2 type fault) and a power station fault (PP type fault) are defined; a network result analysis reasoning model is provided to judge whether the system is disconnected, and then a fuzzy qualitative reasoning model is provided to judge whether a power grid is instable; and when the two methods cannot be used for judging the system faults in the system, a new method is required for judging the faults of the power grid, therefore a fault diagnosis method based on multi-factor fuzzy qualitative reasoning is provided, wherein the main points of fault diagnosis method based on multi-factor fuzzy qualitative reasoning are as follows: the failure characteristic of each fault has multiple aspects; and the failure characteristics of different faults cannot be completely same.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of power, relate to the power system failure diagnostic method of a kind of reconstruct Network Based (FDIR).
Background technology
Modern power systems is in service, and the electric system large area blackout is the problem that need attract great attention.In the last few years, electric system both at home and abroad caused very big infringement because repeatedly large area blackout once took place stability disruption to national economy, made society and people's lives be subjected to very big influence.The operation of assurance power system safety and stability prevents that large area blackout from being the urgent and great task that modern power systems faces.On the other hand,, how to take correct effective measures to dwindle the power failure scope as much as possible, shorten power off time, restore electricity early, become the problem of and prevention power system accident no less important in case electric system has an accident.
It is an extremely complicated real-time decision process that power system accident is handled, and has many probabilistic factors.Expert system is for the approach likely that provides is provided, this is the computer software that problem solving is carried out on the basis with domain-specialist knowledge and experience, has very big potentiality aspect complicated, uncertain information processing and the decision problem solving.Fushun electrical network network reconfiguration demand analysis.
Fushun electrical network network reconfiguration needs to analyze: the Fushun electrical network is made up of 6 subnets, be respectively Li Shi stockaded village net, first imperial net, Hebei net, workers and peasants' net and plain net, east net, 66kV reaches and moves in the looped network mode with top always, has very big potential safety hazard, and several major accidents took place.Fushun electric company drops into substantial contribution power transmission sequence is transformed, and play some areas and realize separating network operation successively in April, 2003.After separating network operation, many important loads lack the support of many power supplys, will bring about great losses in case have an accident, and consequence is hardly imaginable.For guaranteeing under the power grid accident situation, responsible consumer reliably to be powered, can adopt the network reconfiguration way to solve a great difficult problem in this production.
After the on-the-spot telemechanical apparatus action, both transmitted information, also transmitted information simultaneously to the CC-2000 system to concentrator station.After failure message is received by current C C-2000 system, do not do the further processing of network reconfiguration aspect, do not possess function yet to relevant control device sending controling instruction.
Need make judgement fast and accurately for the fault that takes place in the system, this just need make a classification to the various faults that take place in the system, this just need be divided into a class according to the feature that the feature of fault is selected certain general character, thereby makes easier realization when doing fault diagnosis algorithm.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome deficiency of the prior art, the present invention proposes the power system failure diagnostic method of a kind of reconstruct Network Based (FDIR), may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is classified to systematic failure, according to device type fault is divided into following classification:
1) main transformer fault: main transformer has fully fault-B1 type, more than two or two days main transformer side by side, divide or when standby operation was arranged, wherein the tripping operation fault took place an operation main transformer; Consider that at first the station internal loading switches, utilize backup auto-activating device, the original load of fault main transformer is switched to other main transformers; Get nowhere if switch, then utilize other one time power transformation sources to take all or part of load of fault main transformer out of by interconnection; Main transformer does not have fully fault-B2 type, because of high voltage bus dead electricity or other reasons, causes the transforming plant main transformer fault that all trips; Utilize other once just Power supply belt all or part of loads of main transformer that is out of order by interconnection;
2) bus-bar fault: bus has fully fault-M1 type, during the other female operation of two mothers or two master tape, and bus-bar fault wherein; At first consider to utilize backup auto-activating device, the original load of fault bus is switched to other buses; If switch unsuccessful, just then utilize other once Power supply belt all or part of loads of bus that is out of order by interconnection; Bus does not have fault-M2 type fully, and all buses of transformer station break down simultaneously; Utilize other one time power transformation sources to take all or part of load of fault bus out of by interconnection; When having female operation of transformer station's list of many buses, if the operation bus breaks down, belonging to does not have fault fully;
3) interconnection fault: interconnection has fully fault-L1 type, and the interconnection more than two or two side by side or when having received shipment capable, wherein the tripping operation fault takes place an interconnection; Consider that at first load but changes between line, can utilize backup auto-activating device, the original load of faulty line is switched to extension wire; Get nowhere if switch, then utilize other one time power transformation sources to take all or part of load of losing because of the interconnection fault out of by distant place interconnection; Interconnection does not have fully fault-L2 type, the fault that trips simultaneously of all interconnections between two transformer stations; Utilize other one time power transformation sources to take all or part of load of losing because of the interconnection fault out of by distant place interconnection;
4) power plant failure: power plant failure-PP type, generation catastrophic failure in generating plant is with grid disconnection; Utilize backup auto-activating device, perhaps utilize other one time power transformation sources to take all or part of load of losing because of power plant failure out of, be thought of as power plant simultaneously and send by interconnection;
Step 2, the inference pattern of fault diagnosis, network structure analysis ratiocination model; Based on the network structure analytic system off-the-line evaluation algorithm of parallel breadth-first search, basic ideas are: each bar is cut-off circuit, from both sides factory station, alternately successively is the circuit search opposite end factory station of "on" position to both sides, outer switch; If two-sided search is to same factory station, then system does not have off-the-line; Otherwise, if any side can not expand new connection factory station, then system's generation off-the-line again; Fuzzy qualitative reasoning model; A kind of fault judgment method based on multifactor fuzzy qualitative reasoning, its basic ideas are: the characteristic phenomenon of every kind of fault is many aspects; The characteristic phenomenon of different faults is can not duplicate fully;
Step 3, the selection of fault signature, the feature that can Gong select for use comprises: the variation of fault alarm data, system frequency, busbar voltage, generating plant power and interconnection power factor; The feature of oscillation fault mainly shows four aspects: (1) system frequency is obviously different; (2) each point voltage cycle swing; (3) generating plant and interconnection power are swung significantly; (4) interconnection power factor cyclic fluctuation; During the collapse of frequency fault, extremely low frequency all appears in each frequency monitoring point, so diagnosis easily; During collapse of voltage, regional substation bus bar voltage is lower than the lowest limit working voltage, will consider during diagnosis to get rid of because of short time voltage appears in system oscillation and cross the low erroneous judgement that causes; If the main grid structure structural integrity, and system frequency, voltage all in the accident limit, then are diagnosed as generic failure;
Step 4, the fault diagnosis reasoning flow process, when system breaks down warning, program is done two kinds of processing to fault alarm, when the first disconnects as branch road, adopt the principle of parallel breadth-first search that the state of system is judged, if system sectionalizing just forms off-the-line factory station table, adopt the recovery control measure that system is controlled then, handle if intelligent alarm is got back to without off-the-line by system; It two is when off-limit alarm, the updating system state, judge that whether system is to the cycle, if the cycle that is less than is promptly returned intelligent alarm and handles, as if just fuzzy qualitative reasoning being done by system to the cycle, judge whether generation systems fault of system, as do not have the generation systems fault just to return intelligent alarm to handle, just take the emergency control measure that control is recovered in system as the generation systems fault.
The present invention has defined seven class faults: main transformer has fully fault (B1 type), main transformer not have fully fault (B2 type), bus and has fully fault (M1 type), bus not have fully fault (M2 type), interconnection to have fully that fault (L1 type), interconnection do not have fault (L2 type fault), power plant failure (PP type fault) fully.
At first propose to judge whether off-the-line of system with network interpretation of result inference pattern, propose then to judge whether unstability of electrical network with fuzzy qualitative reasoning model, in the time can not using two kinds of ways to judge the system failure in the system, just need a kind of new way to judge electric network fault, as a result propose a kind of fault judgment method based on multifactor fuzzy qualitative reasoning, its basic ideas are: the characteristic phenomenon of every kind of fault is many aspects; The characteristic phenomenon of different faults certainly can be unidentical fully.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Principle of classification based on electric power system fault, the needs of realizing according to the network reconfiguration systemic-function, electric power system fault is divided into main transformer to be had fully fault (B1 type), main transformer not have fully fault (B2 type), bus to have fully fault (M1 type), bus not have fully fault (M2 type), interconnection to have fully that fault (L1 type), interconnection do not have fault (L2 type fault), power plant failure (PP type fault) seven class faults fully.
At first propose to judge whether off-the-line of system with network interpretation of result inference pattern, propose then to judge whether unstability of electrical network with fuzzy qualitative reasoning model, in the time can not using two kinds of ways to judge the system failure in the system, just need a kind of new way to judge electric network fault, as a result propose a kind of fault judgment method based on multifactor fuzzy qualitative reasoning, its basic ideas are: the characteristic phenomenon of every kind of fault is many aspects; The characteristic phenomenon of different faults certainly can be unidentical fully.
Judge that with system features such as the variation of fault alarm data, system frequency, busbar voltage, generating plant power, interconnection power factors the system failure belongs to system oscillation fault, system frequency collapse fault, system voltage collapse fault, generic failure type.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is according to the fault type of the present invention and the analysis of strategies structural representation that restores electricity;
Fig. 2 is the general reasoning process flow diagram of fault diagnosis.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is according to the fault type of the present invention and the analysis of strategies structural representation that restores electricity;
Fault can be divided into main transformer fault, bus-bar fault, interconnection fault, power plant failure according to device type.Can be divided into having to be equipped with and not have according to spare condition and be equipped with.Having fully, the power supply strategy of fault is at first to utilize standby throwing device to carry out localised load to switch; Get nowhere if switch, then utilize other power supplys to take all or part of fault load out of by interconnection.Not having fully, fault power supply strategy is to utilize other power supplys to take the load that all or part of barrier is for some reason lost out of by interconnection.
The classification of 1 systematic failure
Generic failure, oscillation fault, collapse of frequency, collapse of voltage, system break-down.Generic failure is exactly the unlikely local fault that causes large-area power-cuts, common corresponding individual equipment fault.To this type of fault, adopt conventional numerical method, as security-constrained dispatch, optimal load flow etc., can determine safety correction countermeasure.Require to take urgent measure in the corresponding schedule regulation of other faults,, avoid the systemic catastrophic failure of long-time large-area power-cuts as far as possible as pulling load, emergency stop, system sectionalizing etc.
Main transformer has fully fault (B1 type): two or two above main transformers side by side, apportion or when standby operation was arranged, wherein the tripping operation fault took place an operation main transformer.Consider that at first the station internal loading switches (switching naturally during paired running), can utilize backup auto-activating device, the original load of fault main transformer is switched to other main transformers.If switch unsuccessful (may not enable or haul oneself willingly into failure, transformer overload etc.), then utilize other one time power transformation sources to take all or part of load of fault main transformer out of by interconnection because of backup auto-activating device.
Main transformer does not have fully fault (B2 type): because of high pressure (220kV) bus dead electricity or other reasons, cause the transforming plant main transformer fault that all trips.Utilize other one time power transformation sources to take all or part of load of fault main transformer out of by interconnection.
Bus has fully fault (M1 type): during the other female operation of two mothers (containing single mother partition) or two master tape, and bus-bar fault wherein.At first consider to utilize backup auto-activating device, the original load of fault bus is switched to other buses.Get nowhere if switch, then utilize other one time power transformation sources to take all or part of load of fault bus out of by interconnection.
Bus does not have fault (M2 type) fully: all buses of transformer station break down simultaneously.Utilize other one time power transformation sources to take all or part of load of fault bus out of by interconnection.When having the single female operation of the transformer station of many buses (other buses may be in inspecting state), if the operation bus breaks down, obviously belonging to does not have the fault of being equipped with.
Interconnection has fully fault (L1 type): two or more interconnection side by side or when standby operation was arranged, wherein the tripping operation fault took place an interconnection.Consider that at first load switches between line (switching naturally during paired running), can utilize backup auto-activating device, the original load of faulty line is switched to extension wire.Get nowhere if switch, then utilize other one time power transformation sources to take all or part of load of losing because of the interconnection fault out of by distant place interconnection.
Interconnection does not have fully fault (L2 type fault): the fault that trips simultaneously of all interconnections between two transformer stations.Utilize other one time power transformation sources to take all or part of load of losing because of the interconnection fault out of by distant place interconnection.
Power plant failure (PP type fault): generating plant generation catastrophic failure, with grid disconnection.Utilize backup auto-activating device, perhaps utilize other one time power transformation sources to take all or part of load of losing because of power plant failure out of, be thought of as power plant simultaneously and send by interconnection.
The inference pattern of 2 fault diagnosises
Network structure analysis ratiocination model.Based on the network structure analytic system off-the-line evaluation algorithm of parallel breadth-first search, basic ideas: each bar is cut-off circuit, from both sides factory station, alternately successively is the circuit search opposite end factory station of "on" position to both sides, outer switch.If two-sided search is to same factory station, system does not have off-the-line; Otherwise, if any side can not expand new connection factory station, then system's generation off-the-line again.
Fuzzy qualitative reasoning model.Use expert system and judge that electrical network unstability fault mainly contains three aspect difficulties: whether (1) can not directly utilize numerical result and device fault information inference system to lose stable; (2) real time data and warning information are described grid failure state and are had uncertainty; (3) yardman's fault judgement knowledge and experience fuzzy often, uncertain, generally can not use simple two-valued function rule and be described.
Above situation shows how to consider the uncertain factor in observation evidence and the knowledge experience rightly, is the key issue of setting up the electric network failure diagnosis system.For this reason, propose a kind of fault judgment method based on multifactor fuzzy qualitative reasoning, its basic ideas are: the characteristic phenomenon of every kind of fault is many aspects; The characteristic phenomenon of different faults certainly can be unidentical fully.
The selection of 3 fault signatures
Available feature has: the variation of fault alarm data, system frequency, busbar voltage, generating plant power, interconnection power factor etc.The feature of oscillation fault mainly shows four aspects: (1) system frequency is obviously different; (2) each point voltage cycle swing; (3) generating plant and interconnection power are swung significantly; (4) interconnection power factor cyclic fluctuation.During the collapse of frequency fault, extremely low frequency all appears in each frequency monitoring point, so diagnosis easily.During collapse of voltage, regional substation bus bar voltage is lower than the lowest limit working voltage, will consider during diagnosis to get rid of because of short time voltage appears in system oscillation and cross the low erroneous judgement that causes.If the main grid structure structural integrity, and system frequency, voltage all in the accident limit, then are diagnosed as generic failure.
4 fault diagnosis reasoning flow processs
Fig. 2 is the general reasoning process flow diagram of fault diagnosis.The fault diagnosis reasoning flow process, when system breaks down warning, program is done two kinds of processing to fault alarm, when the first disconnects as branch road, adopt the principle of parallel breadth-first search that the state of system is judged, if system sectionalizing just forms off-the-line factory station table, adopt the recovery control measure that system is controlled then, if getting back to intelligent alarm without off-the-line, system handles; It two is when off-limit alarm, the updating system state, judge that whether system is to the cycle, if the cycle that is less than is promptly returned intelligent alarm and handles, as if just fuzzy qualitative reasoning being done by system to the cycle, judge whether generation systems fault of system, as do not have the generation systems fault just to return intelligent alarm to handle, just take the emergency control measure that control is recovered in system as the generation systems fault.
Invention has been described according to specific exemplary embodiment herein.It will be conspicuous carrying out suitable replacement to one skilled in the art or revise under not departing from the scope of the present invention.Exemplary embodiment only is illustrative, rather than to the restriction of scope of the present invention, scope of the present invention is by appended claim definition.
Claims (1)
1. the power system failure diagnostic method of a reconstruct Network Based (FDIR) is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is classified to systematic failure, according to device type fault is divided into following classification:
1) main transformer fault: main transformer has fully fault-B1 type, more than two or two days main transformer side by side, divide or when standby operation was arranged, wherein the tripping operation fault took place an operation main transformer; Consider that at first the station internal loading switches, utilize backup auto-activating device, the original load of fault main transformer is switched to other main transformers; Get nowhere if switch, then utilize other one time power transformation sources to take all or part of load of fault main transformer out of by interconnection; Main transformer does not have fully fault-B2 type, because of high voltage bus dead electricity or other reasons, causes the transforming plant main transformer fault that all trips; Utilize other once just Power supply belt all or part of loads of main transformer that is out of order by interconnection;
2) bus-bar fault: bus has fully fault-M1 type, during the other female operation of two mothers or two master tape, and bus-bar fault wherein; At first consider to utilize backup auto-activating device, the original load of fault bus is switched to other buses; If switch unsuccessful, just then utilize other once Power supply belt all or part of loads of bus that is out of order by interconnection; Bus does not have fault-M2 type fully, and all buses of transformer station break down simultaneously; Utilize other one time power transformation sources to take all or part of load of fault bus out of by interconnection; When having female operation of transformer station's list of many buses, if the operation bus breaks down, belonging to does not have fault fully;
3) interconnection fault: interconnection has fully fault-L1 type, and the interconnection more than two or two side by side or when having received shipment capable, wherein the tripping operation fault takes place an interconnection; Consider that at first load but changes between line, can utilize backup auto-activating device, the original load of faulty line is switched to extension wire; Get nowhere if switch, then utilize other one time power transformation sources to take all or part of load of losing because of the interconnection fault out of by distant place interconnection; Interconnection does not have fully fault-L2 type, the fault that trips simultaneously of all interconnections between two transformer stations; Utilize other one time power transformation sources to take all or part of load of losing because of the interconnection fault out of by distant place interconnection;
4) power plant failure: power plant failure-PP type, generation catastrophic failure in generating plant is with grid disconnection; Utilize backup auto-activating device, perhaps utilize other one time power transformation sources to take all or part of load of losing because of power plant failure out of, be thought of as power plant simultaneously and send by interconnection;
Step 2, the inference pattern of fault diagnosis, network structure analysis ratiocination model; Based on the network structure analytic system off-the-line evaluation algorithm of parallel breadth-first search, basic ideas are: each bar is cut-off circuit, from both sides factory station, alternately successively is the circuit search opposite end factory station of "on" position to both sides, outer switch; If two-sided search is to same factory station, then system does not have off-the-line; Otherwise, if any side can not expand new connection factory station, then system's generation off-the-line again; Fuzzy qualitative reasoning model; A kind of fault judgment method based on multifactor fuzzy qualitative reasoning, its basic ideas are: the characteristic phenomenon of every kind of fault is many aspects; The characteristic phenomenon of different faults is can not duplicate fully;
Step 3, the selection of fault signature, the feature that can Gong select for use comprises: the variation of fault alarm data, system frequency, busbar voltage, generating plant power and interconnection power factor; The feature of oscillation fault mainly shows four aspects: (1) system frequency is obviously different; (2) each point voltage cycle swing; (3) generating plant and interconnection power are swung significantly; (4) interconnection power factor cyclic fluctuation; During the collapse of frequency fault, extremely low frequency all appears in each frequency monitoring point, so diagnosis easily; During collapse of voltage, regional substation bus bar voltage is lower than the lowest limit working voltage, will consider during diagnosis to get rid of because of short time voltage appears in system oscillation and cross the low erroneous judgement that causes; If the main grid structure structural integrity, and system frequency, voltage all in the accident limit, then are diagnosed as generic failure;
Step 4, the fault diagnosis reasoning flow process, when system breaks down warning, program is done two kinds of processing to fault alarm, when the first disconnects as branch road, adopt the principle of parallel breadth-first search that the state of system is judged, if system sectionalizing just forms off-the-line factory station table, adopt the recovery control measure that system is controlled then, handle if intelligent alarm is got back to without off-the-line by system; It two is when off-limit alarm, the updating system state, judge that whether system is to the cycle, if the cycle that is less than is promptly returned intelligent alarm and handles, as if just fuzzy qualitative reasoning being done by system to the cycle, judge whether generation systems fault of system, as do not have the generation systems fault just to return intelligent alarm to handle, just take the emergency control measure that control is recovered in system as the generation systems fault.
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| CN102645615A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2012-08-22 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Marine electric power system fault diagnosis method based on quantum genetic algorithm |
| CN103278746A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-04 | 华北电力大学 | Implementation method of grid fault diagnosis system considering uncertain information |
| WO2014012776A1 (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2014-01-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Automated reconfiguration of a discrete event control loop |
| CN104076247A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-10-01 | 国家电网公司 | Power frequency power communication failure detecting method |
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| CN102645615A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2012-08-22 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Marine electric power system fault diagnosis method based on quantum genetic algorithm |
| CN102645615B (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2014-04-02 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Marine electric power system fault diagnosis method based on quantum genetic algorithm |
| CN104471496A (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2015-03-25 | 西门子公司 | Automated reconfiguration of a discrete event control loop |
| WO2014012776A1 (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2014-01-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Automated reconfiguration of a discrete event control loop |
| CN103278746B (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2015-12-09 | 华北电力大学 | Consider the implementation method of the electric network failure diagnosis system of uncertain information |
| CN103278746A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-04 | 华北电力大学 | Implementation method of grid fault diagnosis system considering uncertain information |
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| CN104076247A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-10-01 | 国家电网公司 | Power frequency power communication failure detecting method |
| CN104360195A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-18 | 国网河南省电力公司 | Smart power grid on-line fault diagnosis method based on GEP algorithm |
| CN104459467A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-03-25 | 国家电网公司 | Power grid fault diagnosis method based on networked relay protection model |
| CN104459467B (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2018-04-10 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of electric network failure diagnosis method based on networking relay protection model |
| WO2020243951A1 (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2020-12-10 | 北京四方继保自动化股份有限公司 | Millisecond rapid reconstruction method and system for power supply network after power network failure |
| US11355961B2 (en) | 2019-06-06 | 2022-06-07 | Beijing Sifang Automation Co., Ltd. | Method and system for fast reconfiguration of power supply network in tens of milliseconos after power grid failure |
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Application publication date: 20111116 |