CN102239235B

CN102239235B - Vessel for cooling syngas

Info

Publication number: CN102239235B
Application number: CN200980148453.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: T·埃布纳; W·K·哈特威尔德; M·H·施米茨-格布
Original assignee: Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Current assignee: Air Products and Chemicals Inc
Priority date: 2008-12-04
Filing date: 2009-12-03
Publication date: 2014-01-08
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-03
Also published as: ZA201103969B; AU2009324116B2; EP2364345B1; US20100139581A1; CN102239235A; EP2364345A1; PL2364345T3; AU2009324116A1; WO2010063809A1

Abstract

The invention provides a vessel for cooling syngas comprising a syngas collection chamber and a quench chamber, wherein the syngas collection chamber has a syngas outlet which is fluidly connected with the quench chamber via a tubular diptube, wherein the diameter of the diptube at the end nearest to the syngas collection chamber is greater than the diameter of the diptube at the end terminating at the quench chamber, wherein the syngas outlet comprises a co-axial with the diptube oriented, tubular part having a diameter which is smaller than the diameter of the tubular diptube at the end nearest to the syngas collection chamber, wherein the tubular part terminates at a point within the diptube such that an annular space is formed between the tubular part and the diptube, and wherein in the annular space a discharge conduit for a liquid water is present having a discharge opening located such to direct the liquid water along the inner wall of the diptube, and wherein nozzles are positioned in the larger diameter part of the diptube such that in use droplets of water are sprayed via these nozzles into the syngas as it flows downwardly through the diptube.

Description

Container for cooling syngas

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of container for cooling syngas, this container comprises synthetic gas collecting chamber and quench chamber.The syngas outlet of synthetic gas collecting chamber is connected with the quench chamber fluid via the tubulose dip-tube.

Background technology

Such container has been described in US-A-4828578.The disclosure has been described a kind of gasifying reactor, and this gasifying reactor has the reaction chamber that is provided with burner, and wherein fuel and oxygenant are partially oxidized to produce hot gaseous product.Hot gas via the pharyngeal transmission of shrinking in order to carry out cooling in the liquid bath be arranged in below reaction chamber.Dip-tube directs into hot gas in bathroom.There is quench ring in upper end at dip-tube.Quench ring has the helically coiled main body be connected with the pressure water source fluid.The throat be formed in described main body transmits current so that the inwall of cooling dip-tube.Quench ring also has opening so that eject water to hot gas stream when hot gas stream process quench ring in.

The hot gas that US5271243 has described a kind of thing of the incomplete oxidation for the cooling source autoreactor and contained solid.Pressurizing vessel holds by the refrigerator that cooling tube-the slab wall forms and holds for quenching water-bath but in bottom at top.Container also is contained in the collection and confinement of gases section section of the first pneumatic outlet upstream and in another collection and confinement of gases section section of the second pneumatic outlet upstream.What be contained in the first collection and confinement of gases section section is the shower ring, and this shower ring supplies feedwater from the recycle system.Ring spray is penetrated the gas that leaves refrigerator and the temperature that further reduced this gas before gas exits by pneumatic outlet.

US4808197 discloses a kind of dip-tube and quench ring of combination, itself and pressure-source communication such as the liquid coolant of water, and also it is against dip-tube guiding surface guiding liquid coolant stream, in order to these surfaces are remained in the state of soaking.

US5976203 has described a kind of synthesis gas generator, this synthesis gas generator has for generation of, the cooling and clean burning of gas produced by partial oxidation and quench chamber, this generator comprises the quenching nozzle, and described quenching nozzle is ejected into useful gas vapor for the quenching medium that will be segmentation cloth form.Described generator also comprises the cone-shaped body in the exit that is arranged in quench chamber, and this cone-shaped body extends in the gas space of water-bath chamber.

WO2008/065184 has described a kind of container for cooling syngas, and wherein the wall of reaction chamber is formed by the pipe device be arranged in parallel of interconnection, thereby produces substantially bubble-tight wall.Described container also holds dip-tube, and this dip-tube partly is immersed in water-bath.Preferably, there is injection device in the upper end of dip-tube, in order in use quenching medium is added in defluent heat gas product.

US5271243, US4808197, US 5976203 or WO2008/065184 do not have to disclose as disclosed herein and the improved container of asking for protection.Wherein the diameter of dip-tube in the end nearest from the synthetic gas collecting chamber is greater than the diameter of dip-tube in the end that ends at quench chamber, described container not only comprises quench ring but also comprise the jet of water nozzle, this quench ring is supplied to moisture film on the surface of dip-tube, and this jet of water nozzle is arranged in dip-tube in order to when synthetic gas is flowed through dip-tube downwards, water droplet is ejected into to synthetic gas.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improvement design of the container for cooling syngas, this container comprises: synthetic gas collecting chamber and quench chamber.

This realizes by following container.Container for cooling syngas comprises:

Synthetic gas collecting chamber and quench chamber, wherein the synthetic gas collecting chamber has syngas outlet, and this syngas outlet is connected with the quench chamber fluid via the tubulose dip-tube,

Wherein the diameter of dip-tube in the end nearest from the synthetic gas collecting chamber is greater than the diameter of dip-tube in the end that ends at quench chamber,

Wherein preferably exist and have the discharge tube for the outflow opening of liquid water, this liquid water is directed into and makes in use, along the inwall acquisition moisture film of dip-tube, and

Wherein the jet of water nozzle is arranged in dip-tube, so that in when synthetic gas is flowed through dip-tube downwards, water droplet being ejected into to synthetic gas.

The applicant finds, by the dip-tube of asking for protection, provides a kind of more efficient for cooling container.Preferably, dip-tube comprises the tubular portion that has larger-diameter tubular portion and have small diameter, and described two tubular portions are fixed together by frusto-conically shaped portion.The larger-diameter tubular portion that has that dip-tube also can only be connected with frusto-conically shaped portion by the end ending at quench chamber forms.Preferably, the ratio of larger diameter and small diameter is between 1.25: 1 to 2: 1.

The accompanying drawing explanation

Further describe invention and preferred embodiments thereof by means of accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is according to cooling vessel of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the side-view of the details A of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the details A of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is according to gasifying reactor of the present invention.

Fig. 4 a demonstrates an alternative design of section's section of Fig. 4 reactor.

Embodiment

Synthetic gas refers to a kind of mixture that comprises carbon monoxide and hydrogen.Synthetic gas preferably comprises prepared by the ashes of carbon containing feed by gasification, and this carbon containing feed is for example coal, petroleum coke, biological substance, deasphalting Tar sands resistates.Coal can be brown coal, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, hard coal and brown coal.The synthetic gas be present in the synthetic gas collecting chamber can have the temperature in scope from 600 ℃ to 1500 ℃, and has 2MPa to the pressure between 10MPa.Synthetic gas preferably is cooled to than below the temperature of high 50 ℃ of the temperature of saturation of gaseous constituent in container according to the present invention.More preferably, synthetic gas is cooled to than below the temperature of high 20 ℃ of the temperature of saturation of gaseous constituent.

Fig. 1 demonstrates container 1, and this container comprises synthetic gas collecting chamber 2 and quench chamber 3.In use, this container is as shown in the drawing is vertically oriented.Reference data to vertical, level, top, bottom, upper and lower relates to this orientation.Described term is understood the present invention better for helping, and never is intended to the scope of claims is constrained to the container with described orientation.Synthetic gas collecting chamber 2 has syngas outlet 4, and this syngas outlet is connected with quench chamber 3 fluids via tubulose dip-tube 5.Synthetic gas collecting chamber 2 and dip-tube 5 have the diameter that container 1 is little, thereby are producing upper, annular space 2a between the wall of described synthetic gas collecting chamber 2 and container 1 and produce lower annular space 2b between the wall of dip-tube 5 and container 1.

Annular space

2a and 2b preferably hermetic separate by sealing member 2c, in order to avoid ash particles to enter space 2a from space 2b.

Syngas outlet 4 comprises tubular portion 6, and the diameter of this tubular portion 6 is less than the diameter of tubulose dip-tube 5.As shown in the drawing, tubular part 6 is oriented to dip-tube 5 coaxial.Container 1 as shown in Figure 1 place, end thereon is provided with synthetic gas entrance 7 and pipe connecting 8, and this pipe connecting is provided with the path 10 for the synthesis of gas.Passage for the synthesis of gas is limited by wall 9.Pipe connecting 8 preferably is connected to as gasifying reactor in greater detail in WO-A-2007125046.

Dip-tube 5 leads to the inside of container 1 at its 10 places, bottom.This bottom 10 is located and is communicated with pneumatic outlet 11 fluids in being present in wall of container 12 away from synthetic gas collecting chamber 2.Dip-tube partly is immersed in water-bath 13.There is drainage tube 14 around the bottom of dip-tube 5, in order to upwards guide synthetic gas in the annular space 16 formed by drainage tube 14 and dip-tube 5.There is deflector plate 16a in upper discharge end portion place at annular space 16, the substantial separation to provide between the synthetic gas of the water droplet of skidding and quenching.Deflector plate 16a preferably extends from the outer wall of dip-tube 5.As shown in Figure 1, the bottom part 5b of dip-tube 5 has the little diameter than top part 5a.This is favourable, because the water layer in bottom will increase, and will increase because of the annular region for water-bath 13.This is favourable, because it can make people use, diameter of less more that optimize for container 1.Quench region 3 also is provided with for containing for example outlet 15 of the water of flying dust.

Tubular portion 6 is preferably formed by the pipe device be arranged in parallel of interconnection, thereby produces the substantially bubble-tight tubular wall that extends to collector (header) from cooled water distributor.The cooling of tubular part 6 can be undertaken by low-temperature cooling water or boiling water.

The wall of synthetic gas collecting chamber 2 preferably consists of the pipe device be arranged in parallel of interconnection, thereby produce the substantially bubble-tight wall that extends to collector from divider, described divider is provided with the water coolant service, and described collector is provided with the discharge tube for water or steam.The wall of dip-tube preferably has better simply design, for example the metal wooden partition.

Dip-tube 5 preferably have a discharge tube 19 had for the outflow opening of liquid water in the end nearest from synthetic gas collecting chamber 2, described liquid water is directed into the inwall made in use along dip-tube and obtains moisture film.Discharge tube 19 is connected to water supply pipeline 17.Discharge tube 19 is described in detail by Fig. 2 and 3.

Fig. 1 also demonstrates preferred jet of water nozzle 18, and this nozzle is arranged in dip-tube 5, so that in when synthetic gas is flowed through dip-tube 5 downwards, water droplet being ejected into to synthetic gas.Nozzle 18 is preferably fully spaced apart at vertical direction and discharge tube 19, to guarantee to be injected into the wall that soaks that the unevaporated water droplet synthesized in air-flow will contact dip-tube 5.The applicant has been found that if the wall that this droplets impact its is not soaked, and ashes may deposit, thereby form, is difficult to the layer of scale of removing.Preferably, nozzle 18 is positioned in the larger diameter part 5a of dip-tube 5.Obtain more residence times by larger diameter, thereby make injected glassware for drinking water that enough evaporation times be arranged.

Fig. 2 demonstrates the details A of Fig. 1.

Fig. 2 demonstrates tubular part 6 and ends at by some place in the space of dip-tube 5 sealings, so that form annular space 20 between tubular portion 6 and dip-tube 5.In annular space 20, there is the discharge tube for liquid water 19 with exhaust openings 21, this exhaust openings is positioned such that the interior wall guided liquid water 22 along dip-tube 5.Pipeline 19 and tubular part 6 preferably are not fixed to one another, and more preferably open horizontal interval each other.This is favourable, because this allows two parts relative to each other to move.When using container, this is avoided thermal stresses when two parts have different heat expansion usually.At formed gap 19a between pipeline 19 and tubular portion 6, will allow gas to flow to the space 2a between the wall of the wall of synthetic gas collecting chamber 2 and container 1 from synthetic gas collecting chamber 2.This is favourable, because it causes the pressure equilibrium between described two spaces.Discharge tube 19 preferably extends, and has the slit-shaped openings 21 as exhaust openings in the closed circular of the periphery along tubular part 6, and this slit-shaped openings is positioned at the position of the inwall junction of discharge tube 19 and dip-tube 5.In use, so liquid water 22 will be along the whole inner periphery discharge of the wall of dip-tube 5.As directed, pipeline 19 does not have for water being directed to the exhaust openings of synthetic air-flow, and synthetic gas is flowed through by syngas outlet 4 discharges.

Fig. 2 also demonstrate discharge tube 19 suitably fluid be connected to circular service 23.Described service 23 extends along the periphery of discharge tube 19.Pipeline 19 all is connected by a lot of opening 24 fluids along described periphery with 23.Alternately, in Fig. 2 and 3, do not show, an embodiment is arranged, wherein the direct fluid of discharge tube 19 be connected to one or more with the closed radius of a circle supply line for liquid water 17 at angle so that form in use liquid water stream in service.

Preferably, discharge tube 19 or pipeline 23 are connected to ventilation plant.This ventilation plant may be accumulated in described ducted gas for removing.Draft tube liner is preferably advanced through sealing member 2c in container 1 inside, so that fluid is connected to annular space 2b.Lower pressure in described space 2b is formed for the motivating force of ventilating.The size of draft tube liner (for example aperture size in described draft tube liner) is selected to and allows minimum required flow, also water and ventilating gas very in a small amount may be sent in annular space 2b.Preferably, pipeline 19 is provided with ventilation plant as shown in Figure 2, and 26，Gai extension, extension 26 fluids that wherein discharge tube 19 has away from exhaust openings 21 location are connected to ventilator trunk 27.

The circular service 23 of Fig. 3 can suitably be connected to one or more supply line 17 for liquid water with an angle [alpha] fluid, so that produce liquid water stream in use in service 23.Angle [alpha] is preferably between 0 ° to 45 °, more preferably between 0 ° to 15 °.The quantity of supply line 17 can be at least 2.Maximum quantity depends on for example size of pipeline 23.Independently supply line 17 can be combined in the upstream or container of container 1, so that the open amount in the wall of restriction container 1.The discharge end portion of supply line 17 preferably is provided with nozzle, with the speed for increase liquid water when liquid water enters service 23.This will increase speed and the turbulent flow of water when water flows in pipeline 23, thereby avoid the solid accumulation and form settling.Nozzle itself can be there is the outflow diameter less than the diameter of supply line 17 be easy to change parts.

Opening 24 preferably has the orientation with closed radius of a circle 25 angled β, so that produce in discharge tube 19 in use, has the liquid water stream identical with flow direction in service 23.Angle beta is preferably between 45 ° to 90 °.

Thereby Fig. 3 also demonstrates the tubular portion 6 that forms substantially bubble-tight tubular wall 29 as the interconnected pipe be arranged in parallel 28 devices.

Fig. 4 demonstrates according to container 30 of the present invention, and wherein synthetic gas collecting chamber 2 is the reaction chambers 31 that are provided with 4 level point ignition combustors 32.The quantity of burner can be suitably from 1 to 8 burner.For described burner, carbon containing feed and providing via

pipeline

32a and 32b containing the oxygen of gas.The wall 33 of reaction chamber 31 is the interconnected pipe be arranged in parallel 34 devices preferably, thereby form substantially bubble-tight tubular wall.Draw out the only part of pipe in Fig. 4.Pipe 34 extends to the collector 38 of arranging at higher position from the cooled water distributor 37 of arranging in lower.Described in document WO-A-2008110592, arrange burner 32 as for example in Fig. 4, the disclosure document is attached to this paper with for referencial use.For example as described in document WO-A-2008065184 or US-A-2007079554, one or more burners are alternately led downwards.In use, in the inside of wall 33, have the molten slag layer, this slag will flow downward and will discharge from reactor via outlet 15.

Reference numeral in Fig. 4 (also using in Fig. 1-3) relates to the structure with identical function.The details A of Fig. 4 is with reference to Fig. 2 and 3.

Syngas outlet 4 forms by the bottom that originates in tubular wall 33 and to the frusto-conically shaped portion 35 of opening 36 deflections.Preferably, frusto-conically shaped portion 35 has tubular portion 35a, and this tubular portion 35a is connected with the exit opening of described part 35, with for slag is directed to dip-tube 5 downwards.This is favourable, so because this is avoided slag particles to make discharge tube 19 foulings.If such tubular portion 35a does not exist, little slag particles may be brought in pipeline 19 by the gas of recirculation.The tubular portion that has sufficient length by use, avoided this recirculation in pipeline 19 zones.Preferably, the length of tubular portion 35a makes bottom end at discharge tube 19 places or below.Even more preferably, bottom ends at discharge tube 19 belows, wherein the vertical length of tubular portion 35a at least half extends below discharge tube 19.

Frusto-conically shaped portion 35 and optional

tubular portion

35a and 35b comprise one or more pipeline, and in use, water coolant or the cold but water flow of mistake are by this one or more pipeline.The piping design of

part

35,35a and 35b can change and for example can helically forms or comprise forming abreast or their combination of a plurality of u turns.The water coolant that

part

35,35a and 35b can even have is separately supplied with and blowdown system.The temperature of the steam that the water coolant of preferably, using and these

parts

35 and 35a produce is measured to predict the thickness of the local molten slag layer on these parts.This is particularly advantageous, if gasifying process forms for enough moving at the temperature of thick molten slag layer specific feed (such as the ashes containing the feed as some biological substance charging and Tar sands resistates of low amount) being of value to, or has dystectic component in the situation that the coal feed comprises.The danger of such operation is to export 4 slags that may be accumulated and stops up.By the temperature of the steam measuring water coolant or produce, when people are measurable produces such slag accumulation, and the adjusting process condition is to avoid such obstruction.The present invention is therefore also for a kind of method, the method by the temperature of the steam measuring water coolant or these

parts

35 and 35a and produce predict when produce that the slag accumulation is stopped up and the adjusting process condition to avoid such obstruction, thereby avoid stopping up at the slag in the reaction chamber exit of reactor as shown in Figure 4.Usually, by the temperature of the water coolant of crossing, reduce or the temperature of the steam that produces reduces and shows that molten slag layer thickens.Therefore this technique is regulated by the gasification temperature of rising reaction chamber usually, so that slag becomes more mobile, and reduces the thickness of the molten slag layer on part 35 and 35a.Do not demonstrate service and discharge tube for this water coolant in Fig. 4.

Frusto-conically shaped portion 35 is connected to tubular portion 6 near its bottom.The diameter of opening 36 is less than the diameter of tubular portion 6, so that molten slag drops in water-bath 13 and not too easily clashes into the wall of tubular portion 6 or the wall of dip-tube 5 when curing at it.In water-bath 13, curing slag particles is directed to outlet 15 by means of inverted frusto-conical portion 39.

In Fig. 4 a, demonstrate the preferred embodiment for tubular portion 35a, wherein the plane 35b of the bottom of the bottom of tubular portion 35a by extending to adjacent tubular portion 6 fixes.This design is favourable, because there is less stagnation region in the position that can accumulate at the solid slag particle.

Claims

1. the container for cooling syngas, this container comprises:

Wherein syngas outlet comprises the tubular portion coaxial with the orientation of dip-tube, and the diameter of this tubular portion is less than the diameter of dip-tube in the end nearest from the synthetic gas collecting chamber,

Wherein tubular portion ends at some place in dip-tube, so that form annular space between tubular portion and dip-tube,

Wherein in annular space, have the discharge tube for liquid water with exhaust openings, this exhaust openings is located so that the interior wall guided liquid water along dip-tube, and

Wherein nozzle is positioned in the larger diameter part of dip-tube so that in use, water droplet when synthetic gas is flowed through dip-tube downwards via these nozzle ejection in synthetic gas.

2. container according to claim 1, wherein, dip-tube comprises the tubular portion that has larger-diameter tubular portion and have small diameter, these two tubular portions are fixed together by frusto-conically shaped portion.

3. container according to claim 2, wherein, the ratio of larger diameter and small diameter is between 1.25:1 to 2:1.

4. according to the described container of any one in claim 1-3, wherein, at dip-tube, the end nearest from the synthetic gas collecting chamber exists and has the discharge tube for the outflow opening of liquid water, and this liquid water is directed into the inwall made in use along dip-tube and obtains moisture film.

5. according to the described container of any one in claim 1-3, wherein, the synthetic gas collecting chamber comprises the pipe device be arranged in parallel of interconnection, thereby form the bubble-tight tubular wall that extends to collector from divider, described divider is provided with the water coolant service, and described collector is provided with the discharge tube for steam or water.

6. according to the described container of any one in claim 1-3, wherein, dip-tube is in the end that ends at quench chamber partly is immersed in water-bath.

7. according to the described container of any one in claim 1-3, wherein, there is drainage tube around the bottom of dip-tube, thereby form annular space between drainage tube and dip-tube.

8. container according to claim 7, wherein, at the upper discharge end portion place that is formed at the described annular space between drainage tube and dip-tube, the outer wall from dip-tube extends deflector plate.

9. container according to claim 2, wherein, described synthesizer outlet is comprised of the frusto-conical portion section, and wherein a tubular sections is connected to the bottom of frusto-conical portion section, so that the bottom of this tubular sections ends at the discharge tube below.

10. container according to claim 9, wherein, the vertical length of this tubular sections at least half extends below discharge tube.