CN102239235A

CN102239235A - Vessel for cooling syngas

Info

Publication number: CN102239235A
Application number: CN2009801484536A
Authority: CN
Inventors: T·埃布纳; W·K·哈特威尔德; M·H·施米茨-格布
Original assignee: Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Current assignee: Air Products and Chemicals Inc
Priority date: 2008-12-04
Filing date: 2009-12-03
Publication date: 2011-11-09
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-03
Also published as: AU2009324116B2; WO2010063809A1; CN102239235B; PL2364345T3; ZA201103969B; AU2009324116A1; EP2364345B1; US20100139581A1; EP2364345A1

Abstract

The invention provides a vessel for cooling syngas comprising a syngas collection chamber and a quench chamber, wherein the syngas collection chamber has a syngas outlet which is fluidly connected with the quench chamber via a tubular diptube, wherein the diameter of the diptube at the end nearest to the syngas collection chamber is greater than the diameter of the diptube at the end terminating at the quench chamber, wherein the syngas outlet comprises a co-axial with the diptube oriented, tubular part having a diameter which is smaller than the diameter of the tubular diptube at the end nearest to the syngas collection chamber, wherein the tubular part terminates at a point within the diptube such that an annular space is formed between the tubular part and the diptube, and wherein in the annular space a discharge conduit for a liquid water is present having a discharge opening located such to direct the liquid water along the inner wall of the diptube, and wherein nozzles are positioned in the larger diameter part of the diptube such that in use droplets of water are sprayed via these nozzles into the syngas as it flows downwardly through the diptube.

Description

Be used to cool off the container of synthesizer

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of container that is used to cool off synthesizer, this container comprises synthetic gas collecting chamber and quench chamber.The syngas outlet of synthetic gas collecting chamber is connected with the quench chamber fluid via the tubulose dip-tube.

Background technology

Such container has been described in US-A-4828578.The disclosure has been described a kind of gasifying reactor, and this gasifying reactor has the reaction chamber that is provided with burner, wherein fuel and oxygenant by partial oxidation to produce hot gaseous product.Hot gas via the pharyngeal transmission of shrinking so that cool off in the liquid bath that is arranged in below the reaction chamber.Dip-tube directs into hot gas in the bathroom.There is the quenching ring in upper end at dip-tube.The quenching ring has the helically coiled main body that is connected with the pressure water source fluid.The throat that is formed in the described main body transmits current so that the inwall of cooling dip-tube.The quenching ring also has opening so that eject water in the hot gas stream when hot gas stream process quenching ring.

US5271243 has described and a kind ofly has been used for the incomplete oxidation thing of cooling source autoreactor and contains the solid hot gas.Pressurizing vessel holds at the top to hold by the refrigerator that cooling tube-the slab wall constitutes and in the bottom and is used for rapid refrigerative water-bath.Container also is contained in the collection and confinement of gases portion section of the first pneumatic outlet upstream and in another collection and confinement of gases portion section of the second pneumatic outlet upstream.What be contained in the first collection and confinement of gases portion section is the shower ring, and this shower ring is supplied with water from the recycle system.Ring spray is penetrated gas that leaves refrigerator and the temperature that further reduced this gas before gas withdraws from by pneumatic outlet.

US4808197 discloses a kind of dip-tube and quenching ring of combination, itself and pressure-source communication such as the liquid coolant of water, and also it is against dip-tube guiding surface conducts liquid coolant flow, so that these surfaces are remained in the state of soaking.

US5976203 has described a kind of synthesis gas generator, this synthesis gas generator has and is used to produce, cool off and clean burning of gas and the quench chamber that produces by partial oxidation, this generator comprises the quenching nozzle, and the quenching medium that described quenching nozzle is used for being segmentation cloth form is ejected into useful gas vapor.Described generator also comprises the cone-shaped body in the exit that is arranged in quench chamber, and this cone-shaped body extends in the gas space of water-bath chamber.

WO2008/065184 has described a kind of container that is used for cooling syngas, and wherein the wall of reaction chamber is formed by the pipe unit that is arranged in parallel of interconnection, thereby produces bubble-tight substantially wall.Described container also holds dip-tube, and this dip-tube partly is immersed in the water-bath.Preferably, there is injection device in the upper end of dip-tube, so that in use quenching medium is added in the defluent heat gas product.

US5271243, US4808197, US 5976203 or WO2008/065184 do not have to disclose as disclosed herein and the improved container of asking for protection.Wherein dip-tube is at the diameter of locating in the end that ends at quench chamber greater than dip-tube from the diameter at the nearest place, end of synthetic gas collecting chamber, described container not only comprises the quenching ring but also comprise the jet of water nozzle, this quenching ring supplies to the surface of dip-tube with moisture film, and this jet of water nozzle is arranged in dip-tube so that when synthetic gas is flowed through dip-tube downwards water droplet is ejected into synthetic gas.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improvement design that is used for the container of cooling syngas, this container comprises: synthetic gas collecting chamber and quench chamber.

This realizes by following container.The container that is used for cooling syngas comprises:

Synthetic gas collecting chamber and quench chamber, wherein the synthetic gas collecting chamber has syngas outlet, and this syngas outlet is connected with the quench chamber fluid via the tubulose dip-tube,

Wherein dip-tube from the diameter at place, the nearest end of synthetic gas collecting chamber greater than the diameter of dip-tube at the place, end that ends at quench chamber,

The wherein preferred discharge tube that exists with the outflow opening that is used for liquid water, this liquid water is directed into and makes in use, along the inwall acquisition moisture film of dip-tube, and

Wherein the jet of water nozzle is arranged in dip-tube, so that when synthetic gas is flowed through dip-tube downwards water droplet is ejected in the synthetic gas.

The applicant finds, by the dip-tube of asking for protection, provides a kind of more efficient refrigerative container that is used for.Preferably, dip-tube comprises having larger-diameter tubular portion and the tubular portion that has than minor diameter, and described two tubular portions are fixed together by frusto-conically shaped portion.Dip-tube also can be made of the larger-diameter tubular portion that has that only is connected with frusto-conically shaped portion at the place, end that ends at quench chamber.Preferably, than major diameter and less diameter ratio between 1.25: 1 to 2: 1.

Description of drawings

Further describe invention and preferred embodiments thereof by means of accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is according to cooling vessel of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the side-view of the details A of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the details A of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is according to gasifying reactor of the present invention.

Fig. 4 a demonstrates an alternative design of portion's section of Fig. 4 reactor.

Embodiment

Synthetic gas is meant a kind of mixture that comprises carbon monoxide and hydrogen.Synthetic gas preferably comprises that by gasification the ashes of carbon containing feed prepare, and this carbon containing feed for example is coal, petroleum coke, biological substance, deasphalting Tar sands resistates.Coal can be brown coal, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, hard coal and brown coal.The synthetic gas that is present in the synthetic gas collecting chamber can have the temperature in the scope from 600 ℃ to 1500 ℃, and has 2MPa to the pressure between the 10MPa.Synthetic gas preferably is cooled in container according to the present invention than below the high 50 ℃ temperature of the temperature of saturation of gaseous constituent.More preferably, synthetic gas is cooled to than below the high 20 ℃ temperature of the temperature of saturation of gaseous constituent.

Fig. 1 demonstrates container 1, and this container comprises synthetic gas collecting chamber 2 and quench chamber 3.In use, this container is as shown in the drawing is vertically oriented.Reference data to vertical, level, top, bottom, upper and lower relates to this orientation.Described term is used for helping to understand the present invention better, and never is intended to the scope of claims is constrained to the container with described orientation.Synthetic gas collecting chamber 2 has syngas outlet 4, and this syngas outlet is connected with quench chamber 3 fluids via tubulose dip-tube 5.Synthetic gas collecting chamber 2 and dip-tube 5 have the little diameter of container 1, thereby are producing upper, annular space 2a between the wall of described synthetic gas collecting chamber 2 and container 1 and generation lower annular space 2b between the wall of dip-tube 5 and container 1.

Annular space

2a and 2b preferably hermetic separate by sealing member 2c, so that avoid ash particles to enter space 2a from space 2b.

Syngas outlet 4 comprises tubular portion 6, and the diameter of this tubular portion 6 is less than the diameter of tubulose dip-tube 5.As shown in the drawing, tubular part 6 is oriented to dip-tube 5 coaxial.Container 1 as shown in Figure 1 place, end thereon is provided with synthetic gas inlet 7 and pipe connecting 8, and this pipe connecting is provided with the path 10 that is used for synthetic gas.The passage that is used for synthetic gas is limited by wall 9.Pipe connecting 8 preferably is connected to as gasifying reactor in greater detail in WO-A-2007125046.

Dip-tube 5 leads to the inside of container 1 at its 10 places, bottom.This bottom 10 is communicated with away from synthetic gas collecting chamber 2 location and with pneumatic outlet 11 fluids in being present in wall of container 12.Dip-tube partly is immersed in the water-bath 13.Around the bottom of dip-tube 5, there is drainage tube 14, so that in the annular space 16 that forms by drainage tube 14 and dip-tube 5, upwards guide synthetic gas.There is deflector plate 16a in the discharge end portion place on annular space 16, the substantial separation to provide between the synthetic gas of the water droplet of skidding and quenching.Deflector plate 16a preferably extends from the outer wall of dip-tube 5.As shown in Figure 1, the bottom part 5b of dip-tube 5 has the little diameter than top part 5a.This is favourable, because the water layer in the bottom will increase, and because the annular region that is used for water-bath 13 will increase.This is favourable, because it can make people use for more that optimize, the less diameter of container 1.Quench region 3 also is provided with and is used to contain for example outlet 15 of the water of flying dust.

Tubular portion 6 is preferably formed by the pipe unit that is arranged in parallel of interconnection, thereby produces the bubble-tight substantially tubular wall that extends to collector (header) from cooled water distributor.The cooling of tubular part 6 can be undertaken by low-temperature cooling water or boiling water.

The wall of synthetic gas collecting chamber 2 preferably is made of the pipe unit that is arranged in parallel of interconnection, thereby produce the bubble-tight substantially wall that extends to collector from divider, described divider is provided with the water coolant service, and described collector is provided with the discharge tube that is used for water or steam.The wall of dip-tube preferably has better simply design, for example the metal wooden partition.

Dip-tube 5 from the preferred discharge tube 19 that exists in the nearest place, ends of synthetic gas collecting chamber 2 with the outflow opening that is used for liquid water, described liquid water is directed into the inwall that makes in use along dip-tube and obtains moisture film.Discharge tube 19 is connected to water supply pipeline 17.Discharge tube 19 is described in detail by Fig. 2 and 3.

Fig. 1 also demonstrates preferred jet of water nozzle 18, and this nozzle is arranged in dip-tube 5, so that when synthetic gas is flowed through dip-tube 5 downwards water droplet is ejected in the synthetic gas.Nozzle 18 is preferably fully spaced apart at vertical direction and discharge tube 19, to guarantee to be injected into the wall that soaks that unevaporated water droplet in the synthetic air will contact dip-tube 5.The applicant has been found that if this droplets impact its wetted wall not, and then ashes may deposit, and is difficult to the layer of scale removed thereby form.Preferably, nozzle 18 be positioned dip-tube 5 than among the major diameter part 5a.By obtaining more residence times than major diameter, thereby make the glassware for drinking water that is injected that enough evaporation times be arranged.

Fig. 2 demonstrates the details A of Fig. 1.

Fig. 2 demonstrates tubular part 6 and ends at by some place in the space of dip-tube 5 sealings, so that form annular space 20 between tubular portion 6 and dip-tube 5.In annular space 20, there is the discharge tube that is used for liquid water 19 with exhaust openings 21, this exhaust openings is positioned such that the inwall conducts liquid water 22 along dip-tube 5.Pipeline 19 and tubular part 6 are preferably not fixed to one another, and more preferably open the horizontal interval each other.This is favourable, because this allows two parts relative to each other to move.When using container, this is avoided thermal stresses when two parts have different heat expansion usually.To allow gas to flow to space 2a between the wall of the wall of synthetic gas collecting chamber 2 and container 1 from synthetic gas collecting chamber 2 at formed gap 19a between pipeline 19 and the tubular portion 6.This is favourable, because it causes the pressure equilibrium between described two spaces.Discharge tube 19 is preferably extending in the closed circular of the periphery of tubular part 6, and has the slit-shaped openings 21 as exhaust openings, and this slit-shaped openings is positioned at the position that discharge tube 19 and the inwall of dip-tube 5 are joined.In use, so liquid water 22 will be along the whole inner periphery discharging of the wall of dip-tube 5.As directed, pipeline 19 does not have the exhaust openings that is used for water is directed to synthetic air, and synthetic air is via syngas outlet 4 dischargings.

Fig. 2 also demonstrate discharge tube 19 suitably fluid be connected to circular service 23.Described service 23 extends along the periphery of discharge tube 19.Pipeline 19 all is connected by a lot of opening 24 fluids along described periphery with 23.Alternately, in Fig. 2 and 3, do not show, an embodiment is arranged, wherein discharge tube 19 direct fluids be connected to one or more with the closed radius of a circle supply line that is used for liquid water 17 at angle so that in service, form liquid water stream in use.

Preferably, discharge tube 19 or pipeline 23 are connected to ventilation plant.This ventilation plant is used for removal may be accumulated in described ducted gas.Draft tube liner is preferably advanced in container 1 inside and is passed sealing member 2c, so that fluid is connected to annular space 2b.Lower pressure among the described space 2b is formed for the airy motivating force.The size of draft tube liner (the aperture size in for example described draft tube liner) is selected to and allows minimum required flow, also water and ventilating gas very in a small amount may be sent among the annular space 2b.Preferably, pipeline 19 is provided with ventilation plant as shown in Figure 2, and wherein discharge tube 19 has away from exhaust openings 21 localized extensions 26, and these extension 26 fluids are connected to ventilator trunk 27.

The circular service 23 of Fig. 3 can suitably be connected to one or more supply line 17 that is used for liquid water with an angle [alpha] fluid, so that produce liquid water stream in use in service 23.Angle [alpha] is preferably between 0 ° to 45 °, more preferably between 0 ° to 15 °.The quantity of supply line 17 can be at least 2.Maximum quantity depends on for example size of pipeline 23.Independently supply line 17 can be combined in the upstream or container of container 1, so that the open amount in the wall of restriction container 1.The discharge end portion of supply line 17 preferably is provided with nozzle, to be used for increasing the speed of liquid water when liquid water enters service 23.This will increase the speed and the turbulent flow of water when water flows in pipeline 23, thereby avoid the solid accumulation and form settling.Nozzle itself can be have an outflow diameter littler than the diameter of supply line 17 be easy to change parts.

Opening 24 preferably has the orientation with closed radius of a circle 25 angled β so that in discharge tube 19, produce in use have with service 23 in the identical liquid water stream of flow direction.Angle beta is preferably between 45 ° to 90 °.

Thereby Fig. 3 also demonstrates the tubular portion 6 that forms bubble-tight substantially tubular wall 29 as the interconnected pipe that is arranged in parallel 28 devices.

Fig. 4 demonstrates according to container 30 of the present invention, and wherein synthetic gas collecting chamber 2 is the reaction chambers 31 that are provided with 4 level point ignition combustors 32.The quantity of burner can suitably be from 1 to 8 burner.For described burner, the carbon containing feed provides via

pipeline

32a and 32b with the oxygen that contains gas.The pipe that is arranged in parallel 34 devices that the wall 33 of reaction chamber 31 is preferably interconnected, thus bubble-tight substantially tubular wall formed.In Fig. 4, draw out the only part of pipe.Pipe 34 extends to the collector of arranging at higher position 38 from the cooled water distributor of arranging in the lower 37.Described in document WO-A-2008110592, arrange burner 32 as for example in Fig. 4, the disclosure document is attached to this paper with for referencial use.For example as described in document WO-A-2008065184 or the US-A-2007079554, one or more burners are alternately led downwards.In use, have the molten slag layer in the inside of wall 33, this slag will flow downward and will discharge from reactor via outlet 15.

Reference numeral among Fig. 4 (also using in Fig. 1-3) relates to the structure with identical function.The details A of Fig. 4 is with reference to Fig. 2 and 3.

Syngas outlet 4 is formed by the bottom that originates in tubular wall 33 and to the frusto-conically shaped portion 35 of opening 36 deflections.Preferably, frusto-conically shaped portion 35 has tubular portion 35a, and this tubular portion 35a is connected with the exit opening of described part 35, to be used for that slag is directed to dip-tube 5 downwards.This is favourable, so because this is avoided slag particles to make discharge tube 19 foulings.If such tubular portion 35a does not exist, then little slag particles may be brought in the pipeline 19 by the gas of recirculation.By the tubular portion that use has sufficient length, avoided this recirculation in pipeline 19 zones.Preferably, the length of tubular portion 35a makes the bottom end at discharge tube 19 places or below.Even more preferably, the bottom ends at discharge tube 19 belows, wherein the vertical length of tubular portion 35a half extends below discharge tube 19 at least.

Frusto-conically shaped portion 35 and optional

tubular portion

35a and 35b comprise one or more pipeline, and in use, water coolant or the cold flow of cooling water of mistake are by this one or more pipeline.The piping design of

part

35,35a and 35b can change and for example can helically form or comprise forming abreast or their combination of a plurality of u turns.The water coolant that

part

35,35a and 35b can even have is separately supplied with and blowdown system.Preferably, the measured thickness of the temperature of the steam of exhausted water coolant and these

parts

35 and 35a generation with the local molten slag layer of prediction on these parts.This is particularly advantageous, if gasifying process moves being of value under the temperature of formation for molten slag layer enough thick the specific feed (such as the ashes as the feed of some biological substance charging and Tar sands resistates of containing of low amount), perhaps comprise under the situation with dystectic component at the coal feed.The danger of such operation is to export 4 slags that may be accumulated and stops up.By the temperature of the steam measuring water coolant or produced, when people are measurable produces such slag accumulation, and regulates processing condition to avoid such obstruction.The present invention is therefore also at a kind of method, this method predicts that by the temperature of the steam measuring water coolant or these

parts

35 and 35a and produce when producing the slag accumulation stops up and regulate processing condition avoiding such obstruction, thereby avoids stopping up at the slag in the reaction chamber exit of as shown in Figure 4 reactor.Usually, the temperature of exhausted water coolant reduces or the temperature of the steam that produced reduces and shows that molten slag layer thickens.Therefore this technology is regulated by the gasification temperature of rising reaction chamber usually, so that slag becomes more mobile, and reduces the thickness of the molten slag layer on part 35 and the 35a.In Fig. 4, do not demonstrate the service and the discharge tube that are used for this water coolant.

Frusto-conically shaped portion 35 is connected to tubular portion 6 near its bottom.The diameter of opening 36 is less than the diameter of tubular portion 6, so that molten slag clashes into the wall of tubular portion 6 or the wall of dip-tube 5 not too easily when it drops in the water-bath 13 and solidifies.In water-bath 13, the solidified slag particles is directed to outlet 15 by means of inverted frusto-conical portion 39.

In Fig. 4 a, demonstrate a preferred embodiment that is used for tubular portion 35a, wherein the plane 35b of the bottom of the bottom of tubular portion 35a by extending to adjacent tubular portion 6 fixes.This design is favourable, because have less stagnation region in the position that the solid slag particle can accumulate.

Claims

1. container that is used for cooling syngas, this container comprises:

Wherein syngas outlet comprises the tubular portion coaxial with the orientation of dip-tube, the diameter of this tubular portion less than dip-tube at diameter from place, the nearest end of synthetic gas collecting chamber,

Wherein tubular portion ends at some place in the dip-tube, so that between tubular portion and dip-tube, form annular space,

Wherein have the discharge tube that is used for liquid water with exhaust openings in annular space, this exhaust openings is located such that the inwall conducts liquid water along dip-tube, and

Wherein nozzle be positioned at dip-tube than in the major diameter part so that in use, water droplet when synthetic gas is flowed through dip-tube downwards via these nozzle ejection in synthetic gas.

2. container according to claim 1, wherein, dip-tube comprises having larger-diameter tubular portion and the tubular portion that has than minor diameter, described two tubular portions are fixed together by frusto-conically shaped portion.

3. according to each described container among the claim 1-2, wherein, than major diameter and less diameter ratio between 1.25: 1 to 2: 1.

4. according to each described container among the claim 1-3, wherein, have the discharge tube with the outflow opening that is used for liquid water at dip-tube from place, the nearest end of synthetic gas collecting chamber, this liquid water is directed into the inwall that makes in use along dip-tube and obtains moisture film.

5. according to each described container among the claim 1-4, wherein, the synthetic gas collecting chamber comprises the pipe unit that is arranged in parallel of interconnection, thereby form the bubble-tight tubular wall that extends to collector from divider, described divider is provided with the water coolant service, and described collector is provided with the steam/water discharge tube.

6. according to each described container among the claim 1-5, wherein, dip-tube partly is immersed in the water-bath at the place, end that ends at quench chamber.

7. according to each described container among the claim 1-6, wherein, around the bottom of dip-tube, there is drainage tube, thereby between drainage tube and dip-tube, forms annular space.

8. container according to claim 7, wherein, extend from the outer wall of dip-tube at deflector plate discharge end portion place on annular space.

9. according to each described container among the claim 2-8, wherein, a tubular portion is connected to the bottom of frusto-conically shaped portion, so that the bottom of this tubular part ends at the discharge tube below.

10. container according to claim 9, wherein, the vertical length of this tubular portion half extends below discharge tube at least.