A kind of purifier and method that contains the waste gas of high concentration nitrogen oxide
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of purifier and method that contains the waste gas of high concentration nitrogen oxide, belong to technical field of waste gas treatment.
Background technology
Nitrogen oxide is one of the dusty gas that will administer of various countries, world today emphasis, and this gas causes serious destruction to surrounding environment.Described " high concentration nitrogen oxide " is meant that color that nitrous oxides concentration is higher than thousands of times of common flue gases is the waste gas that contains nitrogen oxide of buff.
At present, the improvement method of industrial nitrous oxides exhaust gas is more, and that generally adopts has several classes such as reducing process, liquid absorption method, bioanalysis, absorption method and plasma-activated method.
Patent CN101411966A " a kind of high concentration nitrous oxides exhaust gas absorbs and high temperature decomposition device and method ", for a kind of high concentration nitrous oxides exhaust gas at absorption plant after rare nitric acid drip washing absorbs, be 850 ℃-1000 ℃ high temperature decomposition device again through excess temperature, under the high-temperature catalytic condition, C can be from NO
2In the molecule O is seized, and the N that dissociates
2, make NO become harmless N
2And CO
2
Patent CN1240154A " a kind of method and equipment thereof that removes high-concentration nitrogen dioxide " is to purge in the logical people's incinerator of air, will be led in people's incinerator by the dissociated methanol gas that hydrogen, carbon monoxide and a small amount of methane, carbon dioxide are formed then and light.Preheat temperature in incinerator reaches 500 ℃, the nitrogen dioxide gas that with concentration of volume percent is 10-100% mixes with primary air from the burner oxidant inlet, feed in the incinerator and together burn with dissociated methanol gas, stove internal combustion temperature is controlled to be 800-1300 ℃, through auxiliary air, the dissociated methanol gas of incomplete combustion is burnt once more, enter in the atmosphere at last.
Patent CN1303727 disclosed " a kind of method and equipment thereof of handling high concentration nitrogen dioxide waste gas " is to be fuel with the liquefied gas, light after this fuel, ignition temperature reaches 800-14000 ℃, the nitrogen dioxide gas that feeds the 10-100% concentration of volume percent together so burns, generate water and carbon dioxide and nitrogen, reach the purpose of handling nitrogen oxide.Have that technology is simple, processing ease, equipment are simple, the nitrogen dioxide residual volume in the tail gas of burning back is less than 600ppm.
More than 3 patents belong to and in governance process, will consume a large amount of fuel reaching the nitrogen dioxide decomposition temperature, though can recovery section heat energy, investment and long journey expense are higher, are difficult to popularize in medium-sized and small enterprises.
Patent CN1830526A " process for purifying and the equipment that contain high concentration nitrous oxides exhaust gas " discloses a kind of technology of smoke of gunpowder treating tail gas.Smoke of gunpowder gas under the air-introduced machine effect after gas skirt is collected, enter rotary packed bedly from the gas access, under differential pressure action, diffuse into the rotation filler.Sodium carbonate or sodium hydrate aqueous solution or rare nitric acid absorption liquid are delivered to rotary packed bed interior liquid distribution trough by pump from groove, spray to the filler inboard, gas and liquid is counter current contacting and absorption in filler, handling back gas mixes at the cavity and the ozone of outlet, with oxidation of nitric oxide is nitrogen dioxide, and gas enters rotary packed bed, in rotation filler sodium carbonate or sodium hydrate aqueous solution or rare nitric acid absorption liquid contact absorption, handle the emptying behind demister of back gas, absorption liquid recycles.
Two of backs are wet absorption, and one is used ozone oxidation NO, operating cost height.Another patent is not considered the NO problem of oxidation, and treatment effect is had a greatly reduced quality.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of purifier and method that contains the waste gas of high concentration nitrogen oxide in order to address the above problem.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of purifier that contains the waste gas of high concentration nitrogen oxide of the present invention, this device comprises first packed tower, first circulating slot, first circulating pump, first cooler, second packed tower, second circulating slot, second circulating pump, second cooler, first air-introduced machine and second air-introduced machine; Wherein, the air inlet of the gas outlet of first air-introduced machine and first packed tower passes through pipeline connection; The air inlet of the exhaust outlet of first packed tower and second packed tower passes through pipeline connection; The air inlet of the exhaust outlet of second packed tower and second air-introduced machine passes through pipeline connection; The fluid pipeline and first circulating slot of first packed tower pass through pipeline connection; First circulating slot and first circulating pump pass through pipeline connection; First circulating pump and first cooler pass through pipeline connection; First cooler and first packed tower pass through pipeline connection; The fluid pipeline and second circulating slot of second packed tower pass through pipeline connection; Second circulating slot and second circulating pump pass through pipeline connection; Second circulating pump and second cooler pass through pipeline connection; Second cooler and second packed tower pass through pipeline connection.
A kind of purification method that contains the waste gas of high concentration nitrogen oxide of the present invention the steps include:
1) waste gas that will contain high concentration nitrogen oxide with first air-introduced machine (operation of malleation or negative pressure all can) is introduced first packed tower, first circulating pump oxidation Decomposition liquid in first circulating slot is added to after by the cooling of first cooler in first packed tower and with first packed tower in the waste gas counter current contacting that contains high concentration nitrogen oxide;
2) enter second packed tower through the gas after the step 1) processing, by adding to after second cooler cooling in second packed tower and contact with back flow of gas in second packed tower, gas after treatment exports discharge with second air-introduced machine by exhaust emissions to second circulating pump with the oxidation Decomposition liquid in second circulating slot;
Waste water in above-mentioned first circulating slot is discharged by the discharge of wastewater outlet, and the waste water in second circulating slot is discharged by the discharge of wastewater outlet;
Oxidation Decomposition liquid is that mass fraction is that 10%~15% urea and mass fraction are the aqueous solution of 4%~6% hydrogen peroxide in above-mentioned first circulating slot, and oxidation Decomposition liquid is that mass fraction is that 10%~15% urea and mass fraction are the aqueous solution of 4%~6% hydrogen peroxide in second circulating slot; Wherein, the nitric oxide in the hydrogen peroxide oxidation nitrogen oxide makes it to generate nitrogen dioxide, and the urea reduction absorbs the nitrogen dioxide in the waste gas, reaches the purpose that reduces nitrogen oxides of exhaust gas concentration;
Oxidation Decomposition liquid is 30~50L/m with the liquid-gas ratio that contains the waste gas of high concentration nitrogen oxide in above-mentioned first circulating slot
3Oxidation Decomposition liquid is 30~50L/m with the liquid-gas ratio that contains the waste gas of high concentration nitrogen oxide in second circulating slot
3
Beneficial effect
NO of the present invention
XThe conversion ratio height, non-secondary pollution, cost is low, makes simply, and easy operating is applicable to the NOx waste gas of handling high concentration continuous blow-down source, and exhaust emissions is up to standard.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a purifier schematic diagram of the present invention;
Wherein, 1-first packed tower, 2-first circulating slot, 3-first circulating pump, 4-first cooler, 5-second packed tower, 6-second circulating slot, 7-second circulating pump, 8-second cooler, 9-first air-introduced machine, 10-second air-introduced machine, the outlet of 11-exhaust emissions, the outlet of 12-discharge of wastewater.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but embodiment does not limit protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of purifier that contains the waste gas of high concentration nitrogen oxide, this device comprise first packed tower 1, first circulating slot 2, first circulating pump 3, first cooler 4, second packed tower 5, second circulating slot 6, second circulating pump 7, second cooler 8, first air-introduced machine 9 and second air-introduced machine 10; Wherein, the air inlet of the gas outlet of first air-introduced machine 9 and first packed tower 1 passes through pipeline connection; The air inlet of the exhaust outlet of first packed tower 1 and second packed tower 5 passes through pipeline connection; The air inlet of the exhaust outlet of second packed tower 5 and second air-introduced machine 10 passes through pipeline connection; The fluid pipeline of first packed tower 1 and first circulating slot 2 pass through pipeline connection; First circulating slot 2 and first circulating pump 3 pass through pipeline connection; First circulating pump 3 and first cooler 4 pass through pipeline connection; First cooler 4 and first packed tower 1 pass through pipeline connection; The fluid pipeline of second packed tower 5 and second circulating slot 6 pass through pipeline connection; Second circulating slot 6 and second circulating pump 7 pass through pipeline connection; Second circulating pump 7 and second cooler 8 pass through pipeline connection; Second cooler 8 and second packed tower 5 pass through pipeline connection.
A kind of purification method that contains the waste gas of high concentration nitrogen oxide of the present invention the steps include:
1) with first air-introduced machine 9 smoke of gunpowder tail gas is introduced from the bottom of first packed tower 1, cooling off the oxidation Decomposition liquid in first circulating slot 2 by first cooler 4 after, first circulating pump 3 adds to the top of first packed tower 1, oxidation Decomposition liquid in first circulating slot 2 sprays in first packed tower 1 from top to down, with smoke of gunpowder tail gas counter current contacting, carry out mass transfer oxidation, decomposition reaction in first packed tower 1, circulation fluid gravity flows back to first circulating slot 2;
2) enter through the bottom of the smoke of gunpowder tail gas after the step 1) processing from second packed tower 5, cooling off the oxidation Decomposition liquid in second circulating slot 6 by second cooler 8 after, second circulating pump 7 adds to the top of second packed tower 5, oxidation Decomposition liquid in second circulating slot 6 and smoke of gunpowder tail gas carry out counter current contacting once more in second packed tower 5, in second packed tower 5, carry out mass transfer oxidation, decomposition reaction once more, smoke of gunpowder tail gas concentration is reached after the discharging standards discharge by exhaust emissions outlet 11 with second air-introduced machine 10.
Waste water in above-mentioned first circulating slot 2 is discharged by discharge of wastewater outlet 12, and the waste water in second circulating slot 6 is discharged by discharge of wastewater outlet 12;
Oxidation Decomposition liquid is that mass fraction is that 10% urea and mass fraction are the aqueous solution of 5% hydrogen peroxide in above-mentioned first circulating slot 2, and oxidation Decomposition liquid is that mass fraction is that 10% urea and mass fraction are the aqueous solution of 5% hydrogen peroxide in second circulating slot 6; Wherein, the nitric oxide in the hydrogen peroxide oxidation nitrogen oxide makes it to generate nitrogen dioxide, and the urea reduction absorbs the nitrogen dioxide in the waste gas, reaches the purpose that reduces nitrogen oxides of exhaust gas concentration;
Oxidation Decomposition liquid is 40L/m with the liquid-gas ratio that contains the waste gas of high concentration nitrogen oxide in above-mentioned first circulating slot 2
3Oxidation Decomposition liquid is 40L/m with the liquid-gas ratio that contains the waste gas of high concentration nitrogen oxide in second circulating slot 6
3
Above-mentioned oxidation Decomposition liquid recycles, and regularly adds.
Said apparatus is a two stage treatment, can increase the progression of packed tower according to actual needs, reaches the purpose of deep purifying waste gas.
Reaction principle of the present invention is as follows:
Urea liquid reduction absorption process utilizes reducing agent urea with NOx redox reaction to take place under acid condition, and product is N
2, CO
2And H
2O, reaction equation is as follows:
6NO
2+4CO(NH
2)
2=7N
2↑+4CO
2↑+8H
2O (1)
6NO+2CO(NH
2)
2=5N
2↑+2CO
2↑+4H
2O (2)
The reaction substep carries out, at first NO
2Water-soluble formation nitric acid and nitrous acid
2NO
2+H
2O=HNO
3+HNO
2 (3)
NO is water insoluble, but generates nitrogen trioxide with the NO2 reaction in gas phase
NO+NO
2=N
2O
3 (4)
The water-soluble generation nitrous acid of nitrogen trioxide
N
2O
3+H
2O=2HNO
2 (5)
Nitric acid and nitrous acid are reduced into nitrogen by urea
2HNO
2+CO(NH
2)
2=2N
2↑+CO
2↑+3H
2O (6)
6HNO
3+5CO(NH
2)
2=8N
2↑+5CO
2↑+13H
2O (7)
In water, add hydrogen peroxide and the small amount of N O that dissolves in the water can be oxidized to nitric acid:
2NO+3H
2O
2=2HNO
3+2H
2O (8)
Thereby accelerate the absorption of NO, the nitrous acid that may produce NO gas simultaneously is oxidized to nitric acid.
HNO
2+H
2O
2=HNO
3+H
2O (9)
To improve total removal efficient of NOx.
Carry out smoke of gunpowder packed tower decomposition run through said apparatus and method, smoke of gunpowder mean concentration is 541156mg/m
3, absorption pressure is-6.5kPa (vacuum), and absorbing temperature is 10-22 ℃, and the packed tower sprinkle density is about 16m
3/ m
2H.The time of staying of packed tower absorption system is about 27s, result such as table 1 that the smoke of gunpowder is handled:
The result that table 1 smoke of gunpowder is handled
Treating capacity m
3/h
|
Initial concentration mg/m
3 |
Discharge concentration ppm |
The efficient of oxidation Decomposition |
100 |
18203-21959 |
574-1281 |
96.84%-94.17% |
50 |
9829-16434 |
428-579 |
95.64%-96.48% |
30 |
5540-9801 |
176-393 |
96.82%-95.99% |
Carry out smoke of gunpowder packed tower decomposition run through said apparatus and method, smoke of gunpowder mean concentration is 7373mg/m
3, absorption pressure is-6.5kPa (vacuum), and absorbing temperature is 26 ℃, and the packed tower sprinkle density is about 40m
3/ m
2H.The time of staying of packed tower absorption system is about 80s, result such as table 2 that the smoke of gunpowder is handled:
The result that table 2 smoke of gunpowder is handled
Treating capacity m
3/h
|
Initial concentration mg/m
3 |
Discharge concentration mg/m
3 |
The efficient of oxidation Decomposition |
770 |
8454 |
429 |
94.9% |
657 |
7110 |
456 |
93.6% |
549 |
6556 |
421 |
93.6% |