CN102231908A - Uplink signal timing synchronous prediction compensation method used for satellite mobile communication - Google Patents

Uplink signal timing synchronous prediction compensation method used for satellite mobile communication Download PDF

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CN102231908A
CN102231908A CN2011101925561A CN201110192556A CN102231908A CN 102231908 A CN102231908 A CN 102231908A CN 2011101925561 A CN2011101925561 A CN 2011101925561A CN 201110192556 A CN201110192556 A CN 201110192556A CN 102231908 A CN102231908 A CN 102231908A
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terminal
regularly
synchronism deviation
gateway station
satellite
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任术波
马铭
栾西
程宇新
吴建军
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Peking University
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Abstract

The invention provides an uplink signal timing synchronous prediction compensation method used for satellite mobile communication. The uplink signal timing synchronous prediction compensation method used for the satellite mobile communication comprises the following steps of: sending an uplink signal to a satellite end by a ground terminal and forwarding the uplink signal to a gateway station through a satellite; detecting a timing synchronous offset value and selecting a reasonable prediction algorithm to predict additional timing synchronous offset occurred soon because the terminal moves in the next detection period according to the detection and history detection results, by the gateway station; calculating the compensation value accordingly and notifying the ground terminal through a downlink synchronous adjustment instruction; and carrying out relevant compensation adjustment on sending time of an uplink signal of the terminal per se by the terminal after receiving the adjustment instruction so that the timing synchronous offset can be controlled in a smaller threshold all the time to ensure synchronous performance of a system. The uplink signal timing synchronous prediction compensation method used for the satellite mobile communication can be used for the next generation of mobile satellite communication system compatible with 3G/B3G (3rd generation/beyond 3rd generation) standards, and a workable solution for the problem of timing synchronous offset caused by long delay in a satellite communication system is provided.

Description

A kind of regularly synchronous predictive compensation method of upward signal that is used for satellite mobile communication
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of regularly synchronous predictive compensation method of upward signal that is used for satellite mobile communication, belong to technical field of satellite communication.
Background technology
Satellite mobile communication system has wide coverage, be not subjected to many advantages such as geographical environment, weather conditions restriction, become a key area of modern communication technology development, and replenish mutually with the terrestrial cellular mobile communication system gradually, become the important means that realizes the seamless covering of mobile communication.Along with the whole world application of 3-G (Generation Three mobile communication system) and reaching its maturity of the 4th third-generation mobile communication standard proposals, country has all taken up satellite mobile communication system of future generation and Study on Technology USA and Europe day etc. in recent years, and focal point is placed on merges on the terrestrial cellular mobile communication technology.And China public satellite mobile communication system also is in blank, therefore China needs the satellite mobile communication system of the compatible ground of research 3G/B3G standard badly, for crucial technological reserve is carried out in the construction of Future in China real system, this is all significant to the flourish and national economy that promotes the Communication in China industry etc.
In ground-based cellular systems, no matter be for 3G system based on CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) (CDMA), also be based on the B3G system of orthogonal frequency division multiplexi (OFDM), the timing of upward signal all has crucial effects synchronously.TD-SCDMA with one of 3G standard is an example, and its all users' upstream data pseudo noise code must be in base station side synchronously to guarantee the performance aspect system interference and the capacity, and promptly the performance of system depends critically upon the uplink synchronous technology.[Shuqing Liu, Cruz.J.R, " Uplink performance of TD-SCDMA systems; " IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, vol.6, Fall.2004, pp.4170-4174.] studied of the influence of the correlation of spreading code when synchronism deviation occurring to systematic function, the result shows that its spreading code is very sensitive to synchronism deviation, and less deviation also can cause the serious decline of systematic functions such as capacity.And for ofdm system,, yet, can cause serious intersymbol interference (ISI) and inter-carrier interference (ICI) equally if when synchronism deviation is excessive although because the introducing of Cyclic Prefix can reduce the influence of a part of synchronism deviation.
For solving regularly stationary problem, the technology of existing comparative maturity in traditional ground-based cellular systems.For example, in the TD-SCDMA system, [Zhe Guo; Furong Wang, " A Novel Synchronization Technique Based on Kalman Filter for TD-SCDMA ", IEEE WiCOM, Sep.2010, pp.1-4] at the TD-SCDMA system a kind of simultaneous techniques based on Kalman filtering has been proposed.In ofdm system, have based on the CP type or based on timing synchronized algorithms such as data auxiliary types.[D Landstrom, S K Wilson, JJ van de Beek, " Symbol Time Offset Estimation in Coherent OFDM Systems ", IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol.50, April 2002, pp.545-549] propose to utilize simultaneously Comb Pilot symbol and Cyclic Prefix, the synchronized algorithm of data are auxiliary and non-data auxiliary phase combination.
In ground-based cellular systems, because radius of society less (tens kilometers to tens kilometers), so the propagation delay time between terminal and base station very short (the millisecond magnitude is following).After adopting above-mentioned synchronized algorithm to obtain regularly synchronously, even terminal is in high-speed motion state, timing adjustment synchronously also can be carried out to it in real time in the base station, and the terminal caused timing synchronous error of moving can be ignored.Yet, at satellite mobile communication system, especially in synchronous satellite (GEO) system based on transparent forwarding, the round trip transmission delay of communicating by letter between terminal and the gateway station is (approximately 600ms) greatly, even therefore adopt the traditional simultaneous techniques in ground to obtain the synchronous of satellite and terminal room, the hysteresis that instruction also will produce about 600ms is adjusted in satellite side periodic measurement and the timing that sends synchronously.When terminal was in high-speed motion state, itself and intersatellite distance can constantly change, so the round trip transmission delay of signal also will constantly change, thereby produced bigger timing synchronism deviation, and this will greatly reduce the performance of system.Therefore, guarantee that timing net synchronization capability in the satellite mobile communication system is one of key problem of being achieved of system, is necessary to add the process of predictive compensation in the traditional timing synchronized algorithm in ground.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, provide regularly predictive compensation method synchronously of a kind of upward signal that is used for satellite mobile communication at the long delay characteristics of satellite mobile communication system.Technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
A kind of regularly synchronous predictive compensation method of upward signal that is used for satellite mobile communication, the application scenarios of this method is: for the system (as Fig. 1) that is made up of terminal, GEO satellite and gateway station, as inertial reference system, the coordinate of GEO satellite is L with the earth s=(x s, y s, z s), wherein, x s, y s, z sBe respectively the x axle of GEO satellite, y axle and z axial coordinate; Ground motion terminals a, its movement locus equation are the coordinate variation function L of t in time a(t)=(x a(t), y a(t), z a(t)); Terminal a is d with respect to the distance of GEO satellite a(t)=| L a(t)-L s|, it is characterized in that step following (flow process such as Fig. 2):
1) at initial moment t 0, the upward signal of all terminals gets regularly synchronously at the gateway station side-draw;
2) detect the moment point place i of gateway station
Figure BDA0000074934380000021
The timing synchronism deviation amount of i 〉=1 pair each terminal detects, wherein, and T pSense cycle for gateway station;
3) gateway station is according to the testing result of current and historical timing synchronism deviation amount, with prediction algorithm to (t in the next round sense cycle i～t I+1In time period) because the terminal motion is about to the extra timing synchronism deviation amount of generation predicts, predict the outcome with P iExpression;
4) gateway station is according to current i remaining regularly synchronism deviation amount R that detects the moment point place iWith epicycle predicted value P iCalculate regularly synchronism deviation compensation rate Q i=R i+ R i, i 〉=1;
5) gateway station is determined the final offset of epicycle according to predefined threshold value; Work as Q iDuring greater than threshold value, Q iBe the offset that epicycle is finally determined; Work as Q iDuring less than threshold value, remaining regularly synchronism deviation amount and epicycle predicted value sum still in the synchronization accuracy scope, are not carried out any compensation, i.e. Q this moment i=0;
6) gateway station is according to Q iValue is carried out synchronism deviation compensation by down link to terminal, and terminal is carried out the corresponding compensation adjustment according to compensation rate to the delivery time of self signal;
7) after the i wheel upward signal timing predictive compensation end synchronously, jump to the 2nd more than) go on foot and carry out the processing of i+1 wheel, until sign off.
Step 2) implementation method that described in the timing synchronism deviation amount of each terminal is detected is: gateway station is intersatellite apart from d according to current terminal a and GEO a(t i)=| L a(t i)-L s|, i 〉=1, computing terminal a is with respect to initial moment t 0Because motion causes and gateway station between the accumulation synchronism deviation amount τ regularly of signal i=2[d a(t i)-d a(t 0)]/C, i 〉=1, wherein C is an electromagnetic wave propagation rate in a vacuum.
The described prediction algorithm of step 3) is linear prediction algorithm or nonlinear prediction algorithm.
Remaining regularly synchronism deviation amount R described in the step 4) i=τ i-A I-1, be through regularly synchronism deviation compensation of historical accumulation
Figure BDA0000074934380000031
Behind i 〉=1, detect the timing synchronism deviation amount that moment point place terminal still exists at i.
Threshold value described in the step 5) is set the specific requirement of performance according to the 3G/B3G system.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: method provided by the invention can be used in the compatible 3G/B3G standard satellite mobile communication system of future generation, the timing synchronism deviation problem that causes owing to long delay in the satellite communication system is proposed a kind of practicable solution thinking, can combine with ground tradition timing synchronized algorithm, guarantee the good synchronization performance when ground based terminal carries out satellite communication, thereby significantly improve the performance performance of whole system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the satellite mobile communication system model of terminal high-speed when moving;
Fig. 2 is the realization flow figure of this method;
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment the present invention is further described.
Satellite mobile communication system with the compatible TD-SCDMA standard is an example: signal rate is 80kbps, adopts the QPSK modulation, and spread spectrum coefficient is 16.According to the regulation of 3GPP TD-SCDMA standard, the synchronous minimum of system uplink is adjusted step-length, and regularly synchronization accuracy is consistent with system, is 1/8 of chip width, i.e. 97.65625ns.Calculate for simplifying, below approximately be taken as 100ns, so the minimum step that satellite gateway station compensates adjustment at every turn in this method also is 100ns.
Suppose that the earth is a standard ball, propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave C=3 * 10 8M/s, GEO satellite and terminal use are at same longitude, and terminal northwards moves with uniform velocity along warp from 39.92 ° of north latitude (Beijing latitude of living in) with speed v=300km/h.In the present embodiment, gateway station is the cycle with the signal round trip transmission delay 600ms in the GEO satellite communication system, carries out the terminal regularly detection and the adjustment of synchronism deviation.
The specific embodiment step of this method is:
1, at initial moment t 0=0 place, the upward signal of all terminals gets regularly synchronously at the gateway station side-draw.
2, gateway station is regularly synchronism deviation sense cycle T with 600ms p, detect moment point at the 1st
Figure BDA0000074934380000041
The place, gateway station detects the timing synchronism deviation amount of each terminal.This moment, terminal a was with respect to initial moment t 0Because motion causes and gateway station between the accumulation synchronism deviation amount τ regularly of signal 1=240ns.
3, present embodiment is an example with the linear weighted function Forecasting Methodology, utilizes epicycle to reach the synchronism deviation testing result that goes up two-wheeled, to t i～t I+1The extra timing synchronism deviation value that the terminal motion is about to generation in time period predicts, promptly
Figure BDA0000074934380000042
Wherein weights are decided to be ω 0=0.6, ω 1=0.3, ω 2=0.1.For t 1Locate constantly, it is P that gateway station adopts the predicted value of linear weighted function prediction algorithm 1=144ns.Also can adopt the nonlinear prediction method to the prediction of extra timing synchronism deviation value in this process, as second order polynomial Forecasting Methodology etc.
4, historical accumulation timing this moment synchronism deviation compensation A 0=0, the remaining regularly synchronism deviation amount of terminal is R 1=τ 1-A 0=240ns.Gateway station is according to R 1With predicted value P 1Calculate regularly synchronism deviation compensation rate Q 1=R 1+ P 1=384ns.Because be subjected to the minimum restriction of adjusting step-length 100ns of TD-SCDMA system, the synchronism deviation compensation rate is decided to be Q 1=400ns.
5, the adjustment of gateway station compensation threshold value is that the timing of TD-SCDMA system requires (100ns) synchronously.Q 1=384ns is greater than this threshold value, so epicycle needs to adjust.Owing to be subjected to the minimum restriction of adjusting step-length 100ns of TD-SCDMA system, the synchronism deviation compensation rate finally is decided to be Q again 1=400ns.
6, gateway station is according to Q 1Value is carried out synchronism deviation compensation by down link to terminal, and terminal is carried out the corresponding compensation adjustment according to compensation rate to the delivery time of self signal.
7, the 1st take turns compensation and finish after, jump to step 2 and carry out next round and handle.By that analogy, until sign off.
Method provided by the invention is not directly to adjust according to the real-time synchronism deviation amount of the terminal that measures, but the satellite side group is in the timing synchronism deviation value of and historical measurement current to terminal, select the rational prediction algorithm synchronism deviation that motion causes to terminal to carry out reasonable prediction, carry out regularly synchronous compensation again according to predicting the outcome, make the uplink synchronous deviation of system can be controlled in all the time in the less thresholding, with the performance of safeguards system.

Claims (5)

1. a upward signal that is used for satellite mobile communication predictive compensation method synchronously regularly, the application scenarios of this method is: for the system that is made up of terminal, GEO satellite and gateway station, as inertial reference system, the coordinate of GEO satellite is L with the earth s=(x s, y s, z s); Ground motion terminals a, its movement locus equation is L a(t)=(x a(t), y a(t), z a(t)); Terminal a is d with respect to the distance of GEO satellite a(t)=| L a(t)-L s|, it is characterized in that step is as follows:
1) initial moment t 0, the upward signal of all terminals gets regularly synchronously at the gateway station side-draw;
2) detect the moment point place i of gateway station The timing synchronism deviation amount of i 〉=1 pair each terminal detects;
3) gateway station is predicted the extra timing synchronism deviation amount that is about to produce owing to the terminal motion in the next round sense cycle with prediction algorithm according to the testing result of current and historical timing synchronism deviation amount, predicts the outcome with P iExpression;
4) gateway station is according to current i remaining regularly synchronism deviation amount R that detects the moment point place iWith epicycle predicted value R iCalculate regularly synchronism deviation compensation rate Q i=R i+ P i, i 〉=1;
5) gateway station is determined the final offset of epicycle according to predefined threshold value; Work as Q iDuring greater than threshold value, Q iBe the offset that epicycle is finally determined; Work as Q iDuring less than threshold value, do not carry out any compensation, i.e. Q this moment i=0;
6) gateway station is according to Q iValue is carried out synchronism deviation compensation by down link to terminal, and terminal is carried out the corresponding compensation adjustment according to compensation rate to the delivery time of self signal;
7) after the i wheel upward signal timing predictive compensation end synchronously, jump to the 2nd) go on foot and carry out the processing of i+1 wheel, until sign off.
2. upward signal as claimed in claim 1 is predictive compensation method synchronously regularly, it is characterized in that step 2) described in implementation method that the timing synchronism deviation amount of each terminal is detected be: gateway station is intersatellite apart from d according to current terminal a and GEO a(t i)=| L a(t i)-L s|, i 〉=1, computing terminal a is with respect to initial moment t 0Because motion causes and gateway station between the accumulation synchronism deviation amount τ regularly of signal i=2[d a(t i)-d a(t 0)]/C, i 〉=1, wherein C is an electromagnetic wave propagation rate in a vacuum.
3. the regularly synchronous predictive compensation method of upward signal as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the described prediction algorithm of step 3) is linear prediction algorithm or nonlinear prediction algorithm.
4. the regularly synchronous predictive compensation method of upward signal as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, remaining regularly synchronism deviation amount R described in the step 4) i=τ i-A i-1, be through regularly synchronism deviation compensation of historical accumulation
Figure FDA0000074934370000021
Behind i 〉=1, detect the timing synchronism deviation amount that moment point place terminal still exists at i.
5. the regularly synchronous predictive compensation method of upward signal as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that threshold value described in the step 5) is set the specific requirement of performance according to the 3G/B3G system.
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Application publication date: 20111102