CN102230988A - Light collector and photovoltaic power generation system - Google Patents
Light collector and photovoltaic power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102230988A CN102230988A CN2011101678530A CN201110167853A CN102230988A CN 102230988 A CN102230988 A CN 102230988A CN 2011101678530 A CN2011101678530 A CN 2011101678530A CN 201110167853 A CN201110167853 A CN 201110167853A CN 102230988 A CN102230988 A CN 102230988A
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- anisotropic scattering
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a light collector and a photovoltaic power generation system. The light collector comprises a light waveguide substrate and anisotropic scattering bodies, wherein the light waveguide substrate is a light transparent medium of which the refractive index is greater than that of air and which has a regular shape; each of the anisotropic scattering bodies is an optical absorption free nano substance which has a regular shape and anisotropism; the anisotropic scattering bodies are distributed inside the light waveguide substrate in an arranging way that a light gathering direction and a light waveguide transmission direction are the same; and the light gathering direction is a concentrated distribution direction of scattered light when light irradiates the anisotropic scattering bodies. By using the light collector provided by the scheme, the light waveguide leakage can be reduced and the light collection efficiency can be improved effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solar photovoltaic technology field, particularly relate to a kind of optical collector and photovoltaic generating system.
Background technology
Current in the aggravation of energy shortage and environmental problem enjoys favor based on the research of the regenerative resource of sun power.Wherein, the photovoltaic power generation technology that sun power is converted to electric energy is the mainstream technology that sun power utilizes.
In photovoltaic generation, in order under the situation of not using solar tracking system, to carry out concentrating solar photovoltaic generating, the direct light of sunshine can be used, also skew ray can be utilized, generally sunshine is transferred to the solar cell that is pasted on optical waveguide matrix side, realizes equivalent optically focused by the optical collector that is provided with optical waveguide matrix.The transmission optical frequency electromagnetic leading structure of so-called optical waveguide matrix for constituting by the optical transparency medium, its transmission principle is: on the dielectric interface of different refractivity, electromagnetic total reflection phenomenon makes light wave be confined to optical waveguide and propagates in the limited area on every side.The light harvesting device of so-called optical collector for constituting by distribution fluorescent material or scatterer in optical waveguide matrix.
Fluorescent material that is utilized in the existing optical collector or scatterer are isotropic material, for example: isotropic fluorescent material, isotropic nano material etc., to realize equivalent light harvesting to sunshine.Isotropic material can not cause the character of aspects such as physics, chemistry to change because of the difference of direction, makes that the scattering in different directions of incident light or scattered light all is identical.This caused the scattered light that transmits in the optical waveguide matrix greatly since angle less than the critical angle of total reflection the effusion optical waveguide, caused the optical waveguide leakage problem of multiple scattering, thereby collection efficiency is lower.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of optical collector and photovoltaic generating system, and to improve the collection efficiency of optical collector, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of optical collector comprises:
Optical waveguide matrix, its for refractive index greater than air refraction, have the optical transparency medium of regular shape;
The anisotropic scattering body, it is for having regular shape, anisotropic no optics absorption nano-substance;
Described anisotropic scattering body is distributed in described optical waveguide matrix inside according to the light focussing direction arrangement mode identical with optical waveguide transmission direction;
Wherein, described smooth focussing direction is: when illumination is mapped to described anisotropic scattering body, and the concentrated distribution arrangement of scattered light.
Accordingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of photovoltaic generating system, comprising: the described optical collector of the embodiment of the invention.
In the technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provided, at optical waveguide matrix internal rule distribution anisotropy scatterer, and arrangement mode is: the light focussing direction of anisotropic scattering body is identical with optical waveguide transmission direction.When the incident illumination that enters into optical waveguide matrix is mapped to scatterer and light scattering when being mapped to scatterer, because the anisotropic properties of scatterer, most of scattered light scatters to optical waveguide transmission direction; And propagate into of the critical angle of most of scattered light angle of optical waveguide stromal surface greater than total reflection, therefore finally can enter optical waveguide transmission direction.As seen, the optical collector that utilizes this programme to provide has reduced the optical waveguide leakage, has effectively improved collection efficiency.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to do simple the introduction to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the optical collector structural representation of the side's of having body optical waveguide matrix of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the light scattering synoptic diagram of anisotropic scattering body in the optical collector of the embodiment of the invention side of having body optical waveguide matrix;
Fig. 3 is the principle of work synoptic diagram of the optical collector of the embodiment of the invention side of having body optical waveguide matrix;
Fig. 4 is the optical collector structural representation with cylinder optical waveguide matrix of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In order to reduce existing optical waveguide leakage in the existing optical collector, improve the collection efficiency of optical collector, a kind of optical collector and photovoltaic generating system that the embodiment of the invention provides by changing the characteristic of the scatterer in the optical collector, reach the purpose that improves collection efficiency.At first a kind of optical collector that the embodiment of the invention provided is introduced, this optical collector comprises:
Optical waveguide matrix, its for refractive index greater than air refraction, have the optical transparency medium of regular shape;
The anisotropic scattering body, it is for having regular shape, anisotropic no optics absorption nano-substance;
Described anisotropic scattering body is distributed in described optical waveguide matrix inside according to the light focussing direction arrangement mode identical with optical waveguide transmission direction;
Wherein, described smooth focussing direction is: when incident illumination is mapped to described anisotropic scattering body, and the concentrated distribution arrangement of scattered light.
In this programme, at optical waveguide matrix internal rule distribution anisotropy scatterer, and arrangement mode is: the light focussing direction of anisotropic scattering body is identical with optical waveguide transmission direction.When the incident illumination that enters into optical waveguide matrix is mapped to scatterer and light scattering when being mapped to scatterer, because the anisotropic properties of scatterer, most of scattered light scatters to optical waveguide transmission direction; And propagate into of the critical angle of most of scattered light angle of optical waveguide stromal surface greater than total reflection, therefore finally can enter optical waveguide transmission direction.As seen, the optical collector that utilizes this programme to provide has reduced the optical waveguide leakage, has effectively improved collection efficiency.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite.
At first describe with the optical collector of the side's of having body optical waveguide matrix below, as shown in Figure 1, a kind of optical collector comprises:
Optical waveguide matrix 1, it is the square body optical transparency medium of refractive index greater than air refraction, and length and width are all greater than thickness;
Anisotropic scattering body 2, it is that no optics sheet, anisotropic absorbs nano-substance;
Anisotropic scattering body 2 is distributed in optical waveguide matrix 1 inside, and its concrete arrangement mode is: the thickness direction of anisotropic scattering body 2 transmits direction perpendicular to optical waveguide, and this optical waveguide transmission direction is the direction along optical waveguide matrix 1 length.
Wherein, when illumination was mapped to anisotropic scattering body 2, scattered light was concentrated and is distributed to the direction vertical with its thickness.
Need to prove that anisotropic scattering body 2 is the nano material of sheet, its length, width can be 50nm～1000nm, and thickness can be 0.1nm～100nm.For example: anisotropic scattering body 2 can be nano titanium oxide (TiO
2).For optical waveguide matrix 1, it gets final product for transparency material, for example can be glass, transparent polymer material etc.
Referring to Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, the principle of work of the optical collector that the embodiment of the invention provided is: according to the scattering of light theory, in the time of on the anisotropic scattering body 2 in incident light 21 shines optical waveguide matrix 1, transmission and scattering can take place.Transmitted light 23 continues to propagate in optical waveguide matrix 1, up to running into next anisotropic scattering body 2.For scattered light 22, its distribution is not isotropic, but in some direction set of anisotropic scattering body 2, just vertical direction with the thickness direction of anisotropic scattering body 2.When such scattered light 22 propagates into optical waveguide matrix 1 surperficial, more greater than the composition of the critical angle of total reflection than isotropic composition, thereby have more scattered light 22 to enter into optical waveguide transmission direction; Scattered light 22 can run into anisotropic scattering body 2 once more when transmitting and scattering again takes place in optical waveguide matrix 1, form scattered light again.Because the regularly arranged characteristic of anisotropic scattering body 2, scattered light 22 will tend to the side-irradiation anisotropic scattering body 2 from the flake nano material, and scattered light will be further in optical waveguide transmission direction set again for it.By scattering one by one, incident light 21 is coupled into optical waveguide transmission pattern gradually, forms the unified transmission light of direction.According to Statistics, the light scattering of a scatterer is mapped to scattered light that the effect that scattering again takes place on a plurality of scatterers is equal to different directions and incides scattering on the same scatterer.As shown in Figure 3, by above-mentioned multiple scattering, last scattered light 22 focuses on the optical waveguide transmission direction.Because the thickness dimension of flake nano material is much smaller than light wavelength, scattering will no longer take place in the scattered light that transmits direction along optical waveguide.
In the optical collector that the embodiment of the invention provided, by above-mentioned anisotropic scattering, the optical waveguide of having avoided multiple scattering to cause is leaked, and has effectively improved the light concentration efficiency.
Be understandable that the shape of the anisotropic scattering body in described in this example side's body optical waveguide matrix is not limited to sheet, for example can be netted, chain or bar-shaped.Arrangement mode for netted anisotropic scattering body is identical with sheet, repeats no more.And for chain or bar-shaped anisotropic scattering body, its light focussing direction is a length direction, so the anisotropic scattering body is specifically as follows at the arrangement mode of optical waveguide matrix: the length direction of described anisotropic scattering body is parallel to optical waveguide transmission direction.Wherein, also can be 50nm～1000nm for the length of chain or bar-shaped anisotropic scattering body, the vertical direction yardstick is 0.1nm～100nm.
In another embodiment of the present invention, describe with optical collector with cylinder optical waveguide matrix, as shown in Figure 4, a kind of optical collector comprises:
For bar-shaped anisotropic scattering body 4, because anisotropic properties, its light focussing direction is a length direction.
Wherein, the length of anisotropic scattering body 4 can be 50nm～1000nm, and cross-sectional dimension can be 0.1nm～100nm.
Be understandable that, be not limited to bar-shaped anisotropic scattering body in cylinder optical waveguide matrix inside, for example can also for: chain anisotropic scattering body, its arrangement mode is with bar-shaped identical.And described cylinder optical waveguide matrix can be right cylinder, tri-prismoid, hexagonal cylinder etc.
The principle of work of the optical collector that present embodiment provided is identical with the optical collector of the above-mentioned side of having body optical waveguide matrix, does not repeat them here.
Need to prove that in order to realize the effective scattering of light on the anisotropic scattering body, the refractive index of the refractive index of anisotropic scattering body and optical waveguide matrix has certain difference.
The manufacturing process of the optical collector that the embodiment of the invention provided can be as follows:
(1) takes by weighing the commercial P25 type of 1g titania (TiO
2) powder, put into beaker, add potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution of 20mL concentration 15mol/L, it was mixed in ultrasonic 45 minutes.Transfer to then in the hydrothermal reaction kettle that 30mL contains the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) inner bag, sealed reactor places 190 ℃ of reactions 48 hours down.Then the powder after the hydro-thermal reaction is taken out, fully wash with hydrochloric acid (HCl) and the deionized water of 0.1mol/L.At last powder is placed 90 ℃ of baking ovens dry 18 hours, and obtained TiO
2Nanometer rods, diameter 10nm～20nm, length does not wait from 100nm～1000nm.
(2) take by weighing above-mentioned TiO
2Nanometer rods 0.06g joins the toluene (C of 100mL
7H
8) in the solution, in the process that stirs, progressively add 0.1g neopelex (SDBS) and 30g ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA).After treating that above-mentioned suspending liquid mixes, place 80 ℃ of vacuum drying chambers to dry.
(3) with the bulk of above-mentioned oven dry, evenly place the mould of vulcanizing press (Shanghai katal Instr Ltd.), calendering repeatedly makes TiO under 120 ℃
2Nanometer rods is uniformly dispersed in ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and regularly arranged, obtains the anisotropy nanometer scattering film that 156mm is long, 156mm is wide, 1mm is thick.
(4) adopt glass doubling technology, use two 156mm be long, 156mm is wide, the thick ultra-clear glasses of 3mm and above-mentioned anisotropy nanometer scattering film, in 160 ℃ of vacuum doubling stoves, make optical waveguide matrix, the also side's of being body optical-waveguide-type anisotropic scattering optical collector, its transmittance about 70%.
(5) at the commodity monocrystaline silicon solar cell of above-mentioned optical collector four side sticking efficiencies 17%, record electro-optical efficiency about 4%.
Perhaps
(1) measures 15mL tetrabutyl titanate (Ti (OBu)
4) and 4.5mL hydrofluorite (HF) in beaker, under ultrasonic effect, mix, transfer to then in the hydrothermal reaction kettle that 50mL contains polytetrafluoroethylliner liner (PTFE), sealed reactor places 200 ℃ baking oven reaction 48 hours.Then that reacted powder is centrifugal, and with ethanol (C
2H
6O) and deionized water clean repeatedly, at last powder was placed 80 ℃ of baking ovens dry 18 hours, obtain TiO
2Nanometer sheet, thickness are 4nm～20nm, and length does not wait from 50nm～1100nm.
(2) take by weighing above-mentioned TiO
2Nanometer sheet 0.36g joins the toluene (C of 120mL
7H
8) in the solution, in the process that stirs, progressively add 0.12g cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and 30g polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).After treating that above-mentioned suspending liquid mixes, place 100 ℃ of vacuum drying chambers to dry.
(3) with the bulk of above-mentioned oven dry, evenly place the mould of 140 ℃ of vulcanizing presses (Shanghai katal Instr Ltd.), calendering repeatedly makes TiO under different pressure
2Nanometer sheet is uniformly dispersed in polymethylmethacrylate, and regularly arranged, obtains the anisotropy nanometer scattering film that 78mm is long, 78mm is wide, 1mm is thick.
(4) adopt glass doubling technology, use two 78mm be long, 78mm is wide, the thick ultra-clear glasses of 3mm and above-mentioned anisotropy nanometer scattering film, in 160 ℃ of vacuum doubling stoves, make optical waveguide, the also side's of being body optical-waveguide-type anisotropic scattering optical collector, its transmittance about 50%.
(5) at the commodity monocrystaline silicon solar cell of above-mentioned optical collector four side sticking efficiencies 17%, record electro-optical efficiency about 6%.
Accordingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of photovoltaic generating system, and it comprises the optical collector that the embodiment of the invention provides.Those skilled in the art are understandable that this photovoltaic generating system also comprises: basic equipments such as solar cell.
The above only is the specific embodiment of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an optical collector is characterized in that, comprising:
Optical waveguide matrix, its for refractive index greater than air refraction, have the optical transparency medium of regular shape;
The anisotropic scattering body, it is for having regular shape, anisotropic no optics absorption nano-substance;
Described anisotropic scattering body is distributed in described optical waveguide matrix inside according to the light focussing direction arrangement mode identical with optical waveguide transmission direction;
Wherein, described smooth focussing direction is: when illumination is mapped to described anisotropic scattering body, and the concentrated distribution arrangement of scattered light.
2. optical collector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described optical waveguide matrix side of being body, and length and width are all greater than thickness.
3. optical collector according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described anisotropic scattering body is a sheet or netted.
4. optical collector according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the arrangement mode of described anisotropic scattering body is specially:
The thickness direction of described anisotropic scattering body transmits direction perpendicular to optical waveguide.
5. optical collector according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described anisotropic scattering body is bar-shaped or chain.
6. optical collector according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the arrangement mode of described anisotropic scattering body is specially:
The length direction of described anisotropic scattering body is parallel to optical waveguide transmission direction.
7. optical collector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described optical waveguide matrix is cylinder, and length is greater than cross-sectional dimension.
8. optical collector according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described anisotropic scattering body is bar-shaped or chain.
9. optical collector according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the arrangement mode of described anisotropic scattering body is specially:
The length direction of described anisotropic scattering body is parallel to optical waveguide transmission direction.
10. a photovoltaic generating system is characterized in that, comprising: as weigh 1～power, 9 any described optical collectors.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011101678530A CN102230988B (en) | 2011-06-21 | 2011-06-21 | Light collector and photovoltaic power generation system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101678530A CN102230988B (en) | 2011-06-21 | 2011-06-21 | Light collector and photovoltaic power generation system |
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| CN102230988A true CN102230988A (en) | 2011-11-02 |
| CN102230988B CN102230988B (en) | 2013-04-03 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111478659A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-31 | 宁波大学 | Preparation method and application of polycrystalline silicon flat plate type fluorescent solar light collector based on long afterglow micron particles |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201174672Y (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2008-12-31 | 赵振海 | Solar light collecting photovoltaic power generating system apparatus |
| WO2009091773A2 (en) * | 2008-01-14 | 2009-07-23 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Solar concentrator and devices and methods using them |
| US20100139765A1 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-06-10 | Covalent Solar, Inc. | Solar concentrators with remote sensitization |
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2011
- 2011-06-21 CN CN2011101678530A patent/CN102230988B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009091773A2 (en) * | 2008-01-14 | 2009-07-23 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Solar concentrator and devices and methods using them |
| CN201174672Y (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2008-12-31 | 赵振海 | Solar light collecting photovoltaic power generating system apparatus |
| US20100139765A1 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-06-10 | Covalent Solar, Inc. | Solar concentrators with remote sensitization |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 《ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS》 20090909 By Paul P.C. Verbunt等 Controlling Light Emission in Luminescent Solar Concentrators Through Use of Dye Molecules Aligned in a Planar Manner by Liquid Crystals 2714-2719 1-10 , 第19期 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111478659A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-31 | 宁波大学 | Preparation method and application of polycrystalline silicon flat plate type fluorescent solar light collector based on long afterglow micron particles |
| CN111478659B (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2023-04-11 | 宁波大学 | Preparation method and application of polycrystalline silicon flat plate type fluorescent solar light collector |
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