CN102230702B - Two-stage ejection refrigeration cycle system with economizer - Google Patents
Two-stage ejection refrigeration cycle system with economizer Download PDFInfo
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- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 69
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-stage ejection refrigeration cycle system with an economizer, and the system provided by the invention comprises the economizer and a first expansion valve, wherein the first outlet of a generator is divided into two paths; one path is connected with a first inlet of a first ejector; the other path is connected with a first inlet of the second ejector; the gas outlet of the second ejector is connected with a condenser; the outlet of the condenser is divided into three paths, wherein the first path is connected with a first inlet of the economizer, and the second path is connected with the inlet of the first expansion valve; after the outlet of the first expansion valve and the gas outlet of the first ejector are connected into one path, the outlet of the first expansion valve is connected with a second outlet of the economizer; the third path is connected with the inlet of the solution pump; the outlet of the solution pump is connected with the first inlet of the generator; the first outlet of the economizer is successively connected with the second expansion valve, the evaporator and a second inlet of the first ejector in series; and the second outlet of the economizer is connected with the second outlet of the second ejector. According to the two-stage ejection refrigeration cycle system, the economizer and the first throttle valve are utilized to achieve higher performance coefficients and refrigerating capacity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to refrigeration and cryogenic technique field, relate to a kind of cooling cycle system, particularly a kind of two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system with economizer.
Background technology
The energy is the basis that the mankind depend on for existence, is the most basic driving force of All Around The World development.For example coal, oil, these fossil energies of natural gas are that industries such as iron and steel, weaving, chemical industry, medical treatment provide production material source and produced power.The energy also is the lifeblood of national economy, and national industrial development is played important impetus.But, the world energy supplies growing tension, energy problem becomes the focus of country's life and even whole society's concern day by day.And in industrial processes, can produce a large amount of waste heats because its usability is often lower once more, often be used as used heat and drain among the atmospheric environment.If can get up these heat collection, be used for air-conditioning and refrigeration, will help alleviating the energy supply pressure of various countries.The utilization of solar energy in recent years becomes a focus in Refrigeration & Air-Conditioning field, but because its grade is lower, so its use is restricted.At present, in order to make full use of these low-grade heats, people have done a lot of effort, and for example steam-sprayed refrigeration just can utilize low-grade heat source to drive, and reaches the purpose of refrigeration.
As far back as 1910, German engineer Maurice Leblanc just invented the jet refrigeration circulation that can utilize low-grade heat source.Because it has advantages such as simple in structure, easy to operate, reliability height, therefore in industry, be used widely.But to the thirties in 20th century, the appearance of high efficiency vapour compression refrigerator makes the low and bulky steam jet refrigerator of the refrigerating efficiency people's sight of having faded out gradually.Today,, improve rate of energy and become more and more important with the protection environment along with the growing tension of the energy and the severe contamination of environment.And steam-sprayed refrigeration has the advantage of low-grade heat sources such as can utilizing waste heat, used heat, solar energy, has therefore started people again to steam jet refrigeration Study on Technology upsurge.
In the jet refrigeration circulation system that utilizes low-grade heat source to drive, injector is very important parts, and its performance quality directly has influence on the height of systematic function, and the performance of injector is mainly estimated by jet coefficient.Generally, jet coefficient is big more, and systematic function is good more.When occurrence temperature and condensation temperature were constant, evaporating temperature reduced, and then evaporating pressure reduces, and caused the step-up ratio ratio of citation jet body pressure (mixed-fluid pressure with) of injector to increase, thereby caused the reduction of jet coefficient, made systematic function descend.When occurrence temperature and evaporating temperature were constant, condensation temperature raise, and then condensing pressure raises, and caused the step-up ratio of injector to increase, and can make systematic function descend equally.In practical application, the evaporating temperature of system and condensation temperature are all closely related with environmental factor usually, so the performance of system is easy to receive ambient influnence, when environmental condition is abominable, and system even might cisco unity malfunction.China utility model patent ZL200620051436.4; " a kind of ejector type refrigerating machine " discloses a kind of two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system; Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of this system, comprises condenser, generator, solution pump, choke valve, evaporimeter, injector, and this system utilizes two injector series connection, and (the fluid-mixing outlet that is first order injector links to each other with the driving fluid import of second level injector; The back pressure of first order injector is the citation jet body pressure of second level injector; This pressure is called as intermediate pressure), improve condensing pressure, the system that makes can work under lower evaporating temperature or higher condensation temperature.But, cause system effectiveness not high because ejector efficiency is very low.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system with economizer; This system utilizes economizer and first throttle valve to improve the refrigerating capacity and the reduction throttling irreversible loss of the cold-producing medium of unit mass; Improve systematic function, thereby solved the low problem of ejector efficiency.
A kind of two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system with economizer; Comprise generator, first injector, second injector, evaporimeter, condenser, first expansion valve, second expansion valve, economizer and solution pump; First outlet of described generator is divided into two-way; One the tunnel connects first import of described first injector, and another road connects first import of described second injector; The gas vent of described second injector connects the import of described condenser; The outlet of described condenser divides three the tunnel, and the first via links to each other with first import of described economizer, and the second the tunnel links to each other with the import of described first expansion valve; After the gas vent of the outlet of first expansion valve and described first injector is linked to be one the tunnel; Connect second import of described economizer, Third Road links to each other with the import of described solution pump, and the solution delivery side of pump links to each other with first import of described generator; First of described economizer exports second import of connect successively described second expansion valve, evaporimeter and first injector, and second outlet of economizer connects second import of described second injector.
Preferably; A heat exchanger is set before the import of described evaporimeter; First outlet of described economizer connects first import of described heat exchanger; First of heat exchanger exports second import of connect successively second expansion valve, evaporimeter, heat exchanger, and second outlet of heat exchanger links to each other with second import of described first injector.After adding heat exchanger, the cold of recyclable evaporator outlet refrigerant gas makes the cold-producing medium of unit mass produce more cold, improves systematic function.
Described generator is to be used for fluid working substance is heated to the gases at high pressure state.Preferably, second import of generator of the present invention, second outlet link to each other with low-grade heat source respectively, and described low-grade heat source is 55～100 ℃ a thermal source, and so connection can make it absorb heat from low-grade heat source, utilizes the operation of this thermal source drive system.When temperature was higher, systematic function improved obviously, so be preferably 70～90 ℃ used heat.
Described economizer is the evaporation through a side refrigerant fluid, and the refrigerant liquid that opposite side is got into second expansion valve is cold excessively, is preferably heat exchange effect plate type heat exchanger preferably.Adopt plate type heat exchanger can reach lower folder point temperature, reduce the temperature difference irreversible loss in the heat transfer process, thereby improve systematic function.
What the cold-producing medium in the system of the present invention adopted is pure working medium, is preferably R32, utilizes low-grade heat source to drive, and can reach-33 ℃ cryogenic refrigeration temperature.Than adopting mixed working fluid to reach the spray type refrigerating system of low temperature, because the jet theory of mixed working fluid is also very immature, realizes that industrialization also need carry out big quantity research, and adopt the spray type refrigerating technology of pure working medium gradually ripe, conveniently carry out industrialization.And select R32, can make the performance boost of whole system more obvious.
The two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system of band economizer of the present invention utilizes economizer, cooler condenser outlet refrigerant liquid, and raising gets into the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant liquid of second expansion valve, makes the cold-producing medium of unit mass can produce more cold; The refrigerant liquid of condensator outlet is throttled to intermediate pressure through first expansion valve simultaneously, and the pressure drop of cold-producing medium reduces before and after first expansion valve, makes the throttling irreversible loss reduce, and the performance of system improves.Under the same conditions, system of the present invention can reach the higher coefficient of performance (COP) and the refrigerating capacity than existing two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system.
System of the present invention applicable elements is very wide, is to reach following situation more than 0 ℃ all to be suitable for to evaporating temperature.Especially evaporating temperature less than-10 ℃ situation under, system of the present invention is more obvious to the raising of performance.
In addition, system of the present invention can utilize low-grade heat source to drive, and need not to expend extra energy, good energy-conserving effect.And whole system, except solution pump, there is not moving component, system architecture is simple, and operation and maintenance is convenient, reliable and cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of existing two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system;
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of another embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of one embodiment of the present invention.The two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system of the band economizer shown in Fig. 2 comprises generator 1, condenser 2, evaporimeter 3, economizer 4, first injector 5, second injector 6, first expansion valve 7, second expansion valve 8, solution pump 9.First outlet of generator 1 divides two-way; First import through first injector 5 gets into first injector 5 to one road refrigerant gas as working fluid, and first import through second injector 6 gets into second injector 6 to another road refrigerant gas as working fluid.The gas vent of second injector 6 connects the import of condenser 2, and the outlet of condenser 2 divides three the tunnel, and the first via links to each other with first import of economizer 4; The second the tunnel links to each other with the import of first expansion valve 7, after the gas vent of the outlet of first expansion valve 7 and first injector 5 is linked to be one the tunnel, connects second import of economizer 4; Third Road links to each other with the import of solution pump 9, and the outlet of solution pump 9 links to each other with first import of generator 1.First of economizer 4 exports second import of connect successively second expansion valve, evaporimeter and first injector 5; The outlet refrigerant gas of evaporimeter 3 gets in first injector 5 as driving fluid; Second outlet of economizer 4 connects second import of second injector 6, and the refrigerant gas of second outlet of economizer 4 gets into second injector 6 as driving fluid.Second import of generator 1, second outlet link to each other with low-grade heat source.
In the present embodiment, cold-producing medium adopts R32, and low-grade heat source is 70-90 ℃ the hot water that solar thermal collector produces.Generator 1 is gathered the heat of 70-90 ℃ hot water; After liquid R32 cold-producing medium heating; Make it reach the gases at high pressure state under 75 ℃, the outlet gaseous refrigerant is divided into two-way as working fluid then and gets into first injector 5 and second injector 6 after 10 ℃ of heat.Behind the gaseous refrigerant that second injector, 6 injections are come out by economizer 4 second; Gaseous refrigerant entered condense to saturated liquid state in the condenser 2; Liquid saturated cold-producing medium is divided into three the tunnel after condenser 2 comes out; First via cold-producing medium is cooled in economizer 4, and cold excessively liquid refrigerant gets into second expansion valve 8, evaporation heat absorption in evaporimeter 3 then; The second road cold-producing medium is throttled to intermediate pressure through first expansion valve 7; Temperature and pressure reduces; The cold-producing medium that becomes the gas-liquid two-phase mixing mixes second import that the back gets into economizer 4 with the gaseous refrigerant that comes out from first injector 5; Evaporation heat absorption in economizer 4, the liquid refrigerant of cooling economizer 4 opposite sides; The Third Road cold-producing medium gets into solution pump 9, and first import from generator 1 after the supercharging gets into the generator 1.Cold-producing medium evaporates heat absorption in evaporimeter 3; Produce after the refrigeration; Become gaseous refrigerant and as driving fluid by first injector, 5 injections after; Pressure improves, the refrigerant mixed of mixing with gas-liquid two-phase through 7 throttlings of first expansion valve after then, and the cold-producing medium that becomes the gas-liquid two-phase mixing is from second import entering economizer 4 of economizer 4.
Shown in Figure 1 is a kind of two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system, and it comprises generator 1, condenser 2, evaporimeter 3, first injector 5, second injector 6, second expansion valve 8 and solution pump 9.The outlet of generator 1 is divided into two-way; The first via connects first import of first injector 5; The second the tunnel connects first import of second injector 6, and the outlet of first injector 5 connects second import of second injector 6, and the outlet of second injector 6 connects the import of condenser 2; The outlet of condenser 2 is divided into two-way; The first via connect successively second choke valve 8 and evaporimeter 3; The outlet of evaporimeter 3 connects second import of first injector 5, and the second tunnel of condenser 2 connects solution pump 8, and the outlet of solution pump 8 links to each other with first import of generator 1.Second import of generator 1, second outlet connect thermal source respectively.
The generator 1 of two-stage jet refrigeration circulation shown in Figure 1 system is connected with 70-90 ℃ used hot water of present embodiment, and used cold-producing medium is similarly R32.Through present embodiment and two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system shown in Figure 3 are carried out analog computation, obtain table 1.
The performance of native system and existing two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system under different evaporating temperatures of table 1 and the condensation temperature condition
Wherein, the R32 mass flow of entering condenser 2 is 0.004kg/h.Economizer 4 is a plate type heat exchanger, because the plate type heat exchanger good effect of heat exchange can reach lower folder point temperature, reduces the temperature difference irreversible loss in the heat transfer process, thereby improves systematic function.From table 1, can obtain under different evaporating temperatures and the condensation temperature COP that native system can reach and refrigerating capacity.In the present embodiment, injector 5 all is a jet ejector with injector 6, and promptly step-up ratio is between 1.2 and 2.5.Compare with two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system shown in Figure 1, native system has only increased the economizer 4 and first expansion valve 7, and miscellaneous part is all identical.In table 1; Through finding out with existing two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system contrast; Under identical evaporating temperature, occurrence temperature and condensation temperature condition, native system has higher COP and the refrigerating capacity than existing two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system, and performance improves obviously.And condition is abominable more, and promptly evaporating temperature is low more, and condensation temperature is high more, and the COP of native system and refrigerating capacity improve many more.Especially be-25 ℃ in evaporating temperature, condensation temperature is under 30 ℃, and system COP improves 17.48%, and refrigerating capacity improves 17.63%.Reason is that with respect to two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system, the introducing of economizer 4 has improved the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant liquid that gets into second expansion valve 8, thereby makes the cold-producing medium of unit mass can produce more cold; The refrigerant liquid of condensator outlet is throttled to intermediate pressure through first expansion valve 7, and the pressure drop of first expansion valve, 7 front and back cold-producing mediums reduces, thereby makes the throttling irreversible loss reduce, and the performance of system improves.
Through present embodiment, can realize utilization to 70-90 ℃ low-grade heat source, with respect to two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system, under the same conditions, can reach higher COP and refrigerating capacity.
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of another embodiment of the invention.The two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system of band economizer shown in Figure 3 comprises generator 1, condenser 2, evaporimeter 3, economizer 4, first injector 5, second injector 6, first expansion valve 7, second expansion valve 8, solution pump 9, heat exchanger 10.First outlet of first generator 1 divides two-way; First import through first injector 5 gets into first injector 5 to one road refrigerant gas as working fluid, and first import through second injector 6 gets into second injector 6 to another road refrigerant gas as working fluid.The gas vent of second injector 6 connects the import of condenser 2; The outlet of condenser 2 divides three the tunnel, and the first via links to each other with first import of economizer 4, and the second the tunnel links to each other with the import of first expansion valve 7; After the gas vent of the outlet of first expansion valve 7 and first injector 5 is linked to be one the tunnel; Connect second import of economizer 4, Third Road links to each other with the import of solution pump 9, and the outlet of solution pump 9 links to each other with first import of generator 1.First outlet of economizer 4 connects first import of heat exchanger 10; First of heat exchanger 10 exports second import of connect successively second expansion valve, evaporimeter and heat exchanger 10; Second outlet of heat exchanger 10 connects second import of first injector 5; The gaseous refrigerant of second outlet of heat exchanger 10 gets in first injector 5 as driving fluid; Second outlet of economizer 4 connects second import of second injector 6, and the refrigerant gas of second outlet of economizer 4 gets into second injector 6 as driving fluid.Second import of generator 1, second outlet link to each other with low-grade heat source.
In the present embodiment, cold-producing medium adopts R32,70-90 ℃ the used heat of low-grade heat source for producing in certain large-sized boiler.Generator 1 is gathered the heat of 70-90 ℃ used heat, heats liquid R32 cold-producing medium, makes it reach the gases at high pressure state under 75 ℃, and the outlet gaseous refrigerant is divided into two-way as working fluid then and gets into first injector 5 and second injector 6 after 10 ℃ of heat.Behind the gaseous refrigerant that second injector, 6 injections are come out by economizer 4 second; Gaseous refrigerant entered condense to saturated liquid state in the condenser 2; Liquid saturated cold-producing medium is divided into three the tunnel after condenser 2 comes out; First via cold-producing medium is cooled in economizer 4, and first import of cold excessively liquid refrigerant entering heat exchanger 10 was continued cold, gets into the evaporation heat absorption in evaporimeter 3 of second expansion valve, 8 backs then; The second road cold-producing medium is throttled to intermediate pressure through first expansion valve 7; Temperature and pressure reduces; Become the cold-producing medium that gas-liquid two-phase mixes; Mix second import that the back gets into economizer 4 with the gaseous refrigerant that comes out from first injector 5, evaporation heat absorption in economizer 4, the liquid refrigerant of cooling economizer 4 opposite sides; The Third Road cold-producing medium gets into solution pump 9, and first import through generator 1 after the supercharging gets into generator 1.Cold-producing medium evaporates heat absorption in evaporimeter 3; Produce after the refrigeration, become second import that gets into heat exchanger 10 behind the gaseous refrigerant, in heat exchanger 10 the heat absorption back as driving fluid by first injector, 5 injections; Pressure improves; The refrigerant mixed of mixing with gas-liquid two-phase after 7 throttlings of first expansion valve then becomes second import that cold-producing medium that gas-liquid two-phase mixes gets into economizer 4, evaporation heat absorption in economizer 4.
The generator 1 of two-stage jet refrigeration circulation shown in Figure 1 system is connected with 70-90 ℃ used used heat of present embodiment, and used cold-producing medium is similarly R32.Through present embodiment and two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system shown in Figure 1 are carried out analog computation, obtain table 2.
The performance of native system and existing two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system under different evaporating temperatures of table 2 and the condensation temperature condition
Wherein, the R32 mass flow of entering condenser 2 is 0.004kg/h.Economizer 4 is a plate type heat exchanger, because the plate type heat exchanger good effect of heat exchange can reach lower folder point temperature, reduces the temperature difference irreversible loss in the heat transfer process, thereby improves systematic function.From table 2, can obtain under different evaporating temperatures and the condensation temperature COP that native system can reach and refrigerating capacity.In the present embodiment, injector 5 all is a jet ejector with injector 6, and promptly step-up ratio is between 1.2 and 2.5.Compare with two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system shown in Figure 1, native system has increased economizer 4, first expansion valve 7 and heat exchanger 10, and miscellaneous part is all identical.In table 2; Through finding out with existing two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system contrast; Under identical evaporating temperature, occurrence temperature and condensation temperature condition, native system has higher COP and the refrigerating capacity than existing two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system, and performance improves obviously.And condition is abominable more, and promptly evaporating temperature is low more, and condensation temperature is high more, and the COP of native system and refrigerating capacity improve many more.Especially be-25 ℃ in evaporating temperature, condensation temperature is under 30 ℃, and system COP improves 23.04%, and refrigerating capacity improves 23.87%.Reason is, with respect to existing two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system, the introducing of economizer 4 has improved the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant liquid that gets into second expansion valve 8, thereby makes the cold-producing medium of unit mass can produce more cold; The refrigerant liquid of condensator outlet is throttled to intermediate pressure through first expansion valve 7, and the pressure drop of first expansion valve, 7 front and back cold-producing mediums reduces, thereby makes the throttling irreversible loss reduce, and the performance of system improves.And native system is with respect to the system among the embodiment 1; When identical evaporating temperature, condensation temperature and occurrence temperature, COP and refrigerating capacity improve more, and reason is the introducing of heat exchanger 10; Reclaimed the cold of evaporimeter 3 outlet refrigerant gas; Improved the degree of supercooling of the liquid refrigerant that gets into second expansion valve 8, made the cold-producing medium of unit mass can produce more cold, thereby improve systematic function; Under the condition of identical evaporating temperature, condensation temperature, occurrence temperature, system can reach higher COP and acquisition more refrigeration capacity.
Through present embodiment, can realize utilization to 70-90 ℃ low-grade heat source, the system with respect among existing two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system and the embodiment 1 under the same conditions, can reach higher COP and refrigerating capacity.
Claims (5)
1. two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system with economizer; Comprise generator, first injector, second injector, evaporimeter, condenser, second expansion valve and solution pump; It is characterized in that: also comprise economizer, first expansion valve; First outlet of described generator is divided into two-way, and one the tunnel connects first import of described first injector, and another road connects first import of described second injector; The gas vent of described second injector connects the import of described condenser; The outlet of described condenser divides three the tunnel, and the first via links to each other with first import of described economizer, and the second the tunnel links to each other with the import of described first expansion valve; After the gas vent of the outlet of first expansion valve and described first injector is linked to be one the tunnel; Connect second import of described economizer, Third Road links to each other with the import of described solution pump, and the solution delivery side of pump links to each other with first import of described generator; First of described economizer exports second import of connect successively described second expansion valve, evaporimeter and first injector, and second outlet of economizer connects second import of described second injector.
2. the two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system of band economizer according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: also comprise heat exchanger; First outlet of described economizer connects first import of described heat exchanger; First of described heat exchanger exports second import of connect successively second expansion valve, evaporimeter, heat exchanger, and second outlet of heat exchanger connects second import of described first injector.
3. the two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system of band economizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: second import of described generator, second outlet link to each other with low-grade heat source respectively, and described low-grade heat source is 55-100 ℃ a thermal source.
4. the two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system of band economizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the fluid working substance that uses in the described two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system is R32.
5. the two-stage jet refrigeration circulation system of band economizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described economizer is a plate type heat exchanger.
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| CN102589034B (en) * | 2012-03-01 | 2014-04-16 | 清华大学 | Two-stage generation and two-stage condensation jet type heat exchanger unit |
| CN102589043B (en) * | 2012-03-01 | 2014-07-23 | 清华大学 | High-efficiency jetting type heat exchange machine set |
| CN104406323B (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-10-12 | 山东大学 | A kind of three grades of ejector refrigeration systems |
| CN104406324B (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2017-01-25 | 山东大学 | Improved two-stage ejection type refrigerating system |
| CN108426388B (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2019-12-24 | 山东大学 | Absorption type power and jet type refrigeration composite circulation system and working method thereof |
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