CN102230040A - Ironmaking method - Google Patents
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- CN102230040A CN102230040A CN 201110163767 CN201110163767A CN102230040A CN 102230040 A CN102230040 A CN 102230040A CN 201110163767 CN201110163767 CN 201110163767 CN 201110163767 A CN201110163767 A CN 201110163767A CN 102230040 A CN102230040 A CN 102230040A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ironmaking method, which comprises the following steps of: mixing alkaline solvent and gas, and blowing the mixture to a hearth of furnace cavity of a blast furnace or a gas producing furnace from a tuyere of the blast furnace or the gas producing furnace. In the ironmaking method, the alkaline solvent is blown from the tuyere, and heat quality consumed by the decomposition of the alkaline solvent is compensated by utilizing the redundant capacity of the theoretic combustion temperature in front of the tuyere to fulfill the aim of saving coke; meanwhile, consumed carbon also can be saved, so the economic benefit is obvious. In addition, by the ironmaking method, a heat value of furnace top gas can be improved, and the production efficiency of smelting is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of iron smelting method, belong to technical field of ferrous metallurgy.
Background technology
Along with the high wind-warm syndrome technology of blast furnace ironmaking constantly develops, the blast furnace blast hot blast temperature has reached 1300 ℃.The theoretical combustion temperature that the physics heat that air blast is brought into forms in the blast-furnace tuyere zone has certain having more than needed, and blast furnace operating mostly reduces theoretical combustion temperature by wet blast or increase injecting coal quantity, so that theoretical combustion temperature keeps stablizing in certain zone.The raising of blast furnace blast temperature can consume the blast furnace gas of low value, can reduce high value coke consumption in the State of Blast Furnace.
Under blast furnace or producer smelting condition, gangue and ash content in former, the fuel can not melt, must add flux, make gangue and ash content in itself and former, the fuel generate low melting component, form the slag of good fluidity, do just to make the interior slag iron of stove have better separating effect like this, make the smelting furnace deslagging smooth and easy.By adding flux working the slag composition, also guaranteed the smelting quality of the pig iron simultaneously, for example carried out desulfurization, by working the slag basicity control silicon, manganese reduction etc. by making basic slag.
The increasing of smelting the ore coke ratio of feed stock for blast furnace along with blast furnace or producer especially along with the increase of the pellet ratio of feed stock for blast furnace, need add alkaline material in smelting process, and the alkaline material of adding mainly contains Wingdale (CaCO
3), rhombspar (CaCO
3MgCO
3) etc.At present blast furnace or producer are that the main path that purpose adds alkaline material such as Wingdale has with the slag making:
(1) allocates alkaline material such as Wingdale into by agglomerate, improve sinter basicity;
(2) by the furnace roof feeding system, with alkaline materials such as Wingdales in raw material adds stove;
(3) by in coal dust, sneaking into a certain amount of CaO or MgO, both improve coal combustion rate, and can provide alkaline material to blast furnace or producer smelting again.
Along with the proposition of low-carbon economy, recycling economy, be the blast furnace iron-making process of main reductive agent with carbon element at present, exploitation improves the carbon element reduction ratio, reduces the developing direction that carbon element consumption technology has become blast furnace technology.Yet there are following some shortcomings in prior art:
1) along with the blast funnace hot blast stove technical development, the hot blast wind pushing temperature can reach 1300 ℃, and according to blast furnace operating to the air port before the needs of theoretical combustion temperature, the hot blast wind pushing temperature can be lower than 1300 ℃.Under this operating mode, the hot blast stove system ability still has more than needed, causes waste.
2) blast furnace or producer are smelted and are adopted agglomerate and pellet burden structure, allocate Wingdale into by agglomerate, owing to controlled by the agglomerate physical and chemical index, the amount of the Wingdale that agglomerate is allocated into is restricted.Blast furnace or producer are smelted and are adopted whole pellets smeltings or pellet to allocate the smelting of part lump ore into, because feed stock for blast furnace all is acid material or low basicity raw material, must add basic flux CaO in blast furnace and producer smelting process.Because CaO is a powder, can't directly add from the blast furnace furnace roof, can only add CaCO by furnace roof
3The assorted ore deposit of alkalescence.CaCO
3Smelting process synoptic diagram such as Fig. 1 in stove, its reactions steps is as follows:
The first step: when temperature reaches 700 ℃, Wingdale (CaCO
3) begin to decompose:
CaCO
3＝CaO+CO
2 -178.0KJ/mol
Second step: when temperature reached 900 ℃, the CO that produces was decomposed in the Wingdale high-temperature zone
2With the reaction of solid carbon generation carbon element solution loss, this reaction absorbs the high-temperature zone heat and consumes carbon element.
CaCO
3＝CaO+CO
2 -178.0KJ/mol
CO
2+C＝2CO -165.8KJ/mol
This shows, can cause that from assorted ore deposits of alkalescence such as blast furnace furnace roof adding Wingdales blast furnace consumes coke and increases, increase production cost, reduce production efficiency, reduction stock gas calorific value.Add Wingdale its surface when decomposing by furnace roof and decompose the CaO layer heat conduction extreme difference that the back generates, centre portions is still undecomposed just to enter the high-temperature zone, and not only itself divides heat of desorption, and product C O
2Also heat absorption of the molten damage reaction of coke takes place, and the reduction of cold zone ferriferous oxide is produced very adverse influence.
3) by sneak into a certain amount of CaO in coal dust, main purpose is to improve coal combustion rate, also provides a certain amount of basic flux to blast furnace or producer smelting simultaneously.It is to be purpose to improve coal combustion rate that this method adds CaO, together sprays in the stove with coal dust, and CaO winding-up amount is relevant with coal powder blowing amount, and straying quatity can't be regulated arbitrarily.Because it is few to spray into CaO quantity, also little to the slag regulating effect.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of iron smelting method, adopt a kind of new mode in blast furnace or producer, to spray into basic flux, with working the slag basicity.
For achieving the above object, the present invention at first provides a kind of iron smelting method, and it comprises the basic flux powder with after gas mixes, the step of the tuyere injection by blast furnace or producer in the burner hearth of blast furnace or producer.
Iron smelting method provided by the present invention is by the air port of blast furnace, the producer basic flux of jetting in burner hearth, and this also never occurred in the prior art.In iron manufacturing process, by this method basic flux of in burner hearth, jetting, especially pulverous basic flux, the winding-up amount of basic flux can not be restricted as other blowing methods, can control its winding-up amount according to the actual needs, realize regulating effect easily and flexibly slag.
According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention, preferably, above-mentioned basic flux is Wingdale and/or rhombspar etc.
By adopting iron smelting method provided by the present invention,, can avoid adding CaCO from furnace roof by the tuyere injection basic flux
3Problems such as the carbon element consumption that cause in the assorted ore deposit of alkalescence is too much.But the main component of the above-mentioned basic flux that is adopted in the iron smelting method provided by the present invention is CaCO
3After spraying in blast furnace or the producer, heat in the decomposition and consumption burner hearth can take place, this can cause the reduction of theoretical combustion temperature before the air port and cause deficiency, therefore, coke for high value in the caloric requirement consumption stove of this part consumption is compensated, and this will cause the consumption of coke to increase.In order to address this problem, avoid consuming coke, can be by sending into the above-mentioned heat that is consumed of high-temperature hot-air compensation.Iron smelting method provided by the present invention can replenish above-mentioned heat by the heat that employing utilizes the blast furnace gas burning of low value to be produced outside stove, reduce the consumption of coke with this, promptly adopt the mode that improves the blast-furnace hot-air temperature to compensate the heat in zone, air port.According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention, preferably, iron smelting method provided by the present invention also comprises the step that improves hot blast temperature.The hot blast here is meant in iron manufacturing process, sends into blast furnace or the interior air of producer burner hearth afterwards through heating, i.e. the air that blasts during blast furnace blast, and the heating here generally is to be undertaken by hotblast stove, this is a content well known in the art.
In fact the step of above-mentioned raising hot blast temperature is exactly to adopt the high-blast-temperature hot-blast stove technology to improve the temperature that is transported to the hot blast in blast furnace or the producer, and it can adopt following several concrete mode to carry out:
The two preheatings of blast furnace gas and combustion air, high-efficient hot air furnace and heat air-supply in parallel.
According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention, preferably, the two preheatings of blast furnace gas and combustion air can comprise following concrete steps:
The blast furnace gas and the combustion air that utilize the high-temperature flue gas of hot blast stove burning discharging that hot blast stove burning is used by hot tube heat exchanger or plate-type heat exchanger carry out preheating, improve the temperature of blast furnace gas and combustion air;
To burn stove through the blast furnace gas and the combustion air input hotblast stove of preheating, obtain high-temperature hot-air.
Hotblast stove generally is to be that fuel burns stove with blast furnace gas (temperature is generally 25-80 ℃), so that the gas that needs are sent into blast furnace or producer heats, needs to add a certain amount of combustion air (normal air) simultaneously in burning the stove process.Can produce a part of high-temperature flue gas after the hot blast stove burning, the mode of the two preheatings of blast furnace gas of the present invention and combustion air is a thermal source with this part high-temperature flue gas exactly, by interchanger to heating as the blast furnace gas and the combustion air of the fuel of hotblast stove, the temperature of blast furnace gas can be brought up to more than 200 ℃, the temperature of combustion air is brought up to more than 210 ℃, and then the theoretical combustion temperature of raising hotblast stove vault, generally can improve 120 ℃, so just can improve about 120 ℃ of the temperature of the gas of sending into blast furnace or producer, obtain high-temperature hot-air, thereby the tuyere zone domain theory temperature of combustion of compensation blast furnace or producer, the consumption of the coke of high value in reduction blast furnace or the producer.Finish and once burn the high-temperature flue gas that obtains after the stove and can be used for the blast furnace gas and the combustion air that burn stove are carried out preheating next time.
According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention, preferably, hot air-supply in parallel can comprise following concrete steps:
Adopt plural (for example three or four) hotblast stove to the heating that hockets of the gas of sending into blast furnace or producer, and, obtain high-temperature hot-air by controlling each hotblast stove guarantees to send into blast furnace or producer in the difference that adds hot blast rate in different air-supply stages gas wind-warm syndrome stable.
In iron manufacturing process, stable for the high-temperature hot-air temperature that guarantees to carry to blast furnace or producer, general operating mode need add cold wind in hot blast, guarantee that the wind-warm syndrome of sending to blast furnace or producer is stable, this method need sacrifice certain wind-warm syndrome, causes waste.Heat provided by the invention air supply mode in parallel then is to adopt plural hotblast stove that the gas (will send into the gas of blast furnace or producer) of sending into blast furnace or producer is heated, plural hotblast stove alternate turns heats and blows, air-supply can be divided into air-supply in earlier stage, three phases such as air-supply mid-term and air-supply later stage, wherein, air-supply temperature in mid-term is in mean value, air-supply temperature in early stage is high and the air-supply latter temperature is low, above-mentioned heat provided by the invention air supply mode in parallel is by controlling different hotblast stoves guarantees high-temperature hot-air in the difference that adds hot blast rate in different air-supply stages temperature stability, with two hotblast stoves is the example explanation, suppose that two hotblast stoves are respectively No. 1 hotblast stove and No. 2 hotblast stoves, with No. 1 hotblast stove the gas of sending into blast furnace or producer is heated earlier, then in its air-supply later stage, begin to adopt No. 2 hotblast stoves to heat, this moment, No. 2 hotblast stoves were in air-supply in earlier stage, constantly regulate the heats cold air quantity of two hotblast stoves, the heats cold air quantity of No. 1 hotblast stove reduces gradually, the heats cold air quantity of No. 2 hotblast stoves increases gradually, but the total amount of the two keeps stable; After No. 2 hotblast stoves enter the air-supply later stage, can make No. 1 hotblast stove repeat above-mentioned steps, form circulation, the hotblast stove heating that hockets realizes steadily air-supply, guarantees to send into the temperature-stable of the high-temperature hot-air of blast furnace or producer, and do not need to add cold wind, can keep higher wind-warm syndrome.Can improve the wind-warm syndrome of the high-temperature hot-air of sending into blast furnace or producer in this way, approximately can improve more than 34 ℃.
If adopt above-mentioned dual mode simultaneously, the wind-warm syndrome of high-temperature hot-air can be improved 154 ℃, can give full play to the heating efficiency of hotblast stove.
The concrete technical scheme according to the present invention, except above-mentioned method, can also adopt the mode that increases the air blast Rich Oxygen Amount to compensate the theoretical combustion temperature in zone, air port, have and to adopt oxygen coal gun oxygen enrichment dual mode behind coal injection and oxygen and the machine simultaneously.Preferably, iron smelting method provided by the present invention also comprises: by the air port in the burner hearth of blast furnace or producer in the coal injection, the step of winding-up oxygen, the two can adopt the mode of winding-up respectively to carry out; And/or, send into before hotblast stove heats at the gas that will send into blast furnace or producer, in gas, sneak into the step of oxygen.Wherein, when sneaking into oxygen in gas, the addition of the oxygen of sneaking into may be controlled to the 3-8% that accounts for the gas volume total amount.
By adopting the oxygen coal gun method of coal injection and oxygen in burner hearth simultaneously, can improve the efficiency of combustion of coal dust greatly, improve the theoretical combustion temperature in blast furnace, zone, producer air port.Method by oxygen enrichment behind the employing machine, the gas of at first needs being sent into blast furnace or producer pressurizes and (can utilize gas blower to carry out, generally be forced into 0.4-0.5MPa), sneak into oxygen again and realize the oxygen enrichment of gas, and then send into hotblast stove and heat, the oxygen enrichment hot blast of heating is sent in the burner hearth of blast furnace or producer, can improve the theoretical combustion temperature in zone, air port.
In the prior art, the granularity of the Wingdale that adds from furnace roof is generally 50-20mm, and it is subjected to particle size influences in the shaft decomposition reaction, and method provided by the invention sprays into the basic solvent powder of limestone powder from the air port, powder enters tuyere zone meeting rapid classification afterwards, can not produce the problems referred to above.In the present invention, by the CaCO of tuyere injection in blast furnace or the producer burner hearth
3Deng the smelting process of basic solvent in blast furnace or producer as shown in Figure 2, wherein, wind-warm syndrome more than needed is meant theoretical combustion temperature before the air port of improving by oxygen enriched blast, high-efficient hot air furnace technology.
According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention, preferably, in above-mentioned iron smelting method, the winding-up amount of basic flux can determine that basic flux is with CaCO according to following formula
3Meter:
Φ is winding-up CaCO
3Amount, unit is kg/s;
R smelts needed basicity in blast furnace or the producer;
A is batch consumption of going into the ore of stove in [time-T, time-T+t] interval, and unit is kg;
K is batch consumption of going into the coke of stove in [time-T, time-T+t] interval, and unit is kg;
T is the blast-furnace smelting cycle, and unit is s;
T is the material loading cycle, and unit is s;
Time is the calendar time of blast furnace or producer production usefulness;
SiO
2 ore deposits, SiO
2 Jiao, SiO2
Coal, SiO
2 is moltenBe respectively SiO in iron ore, coke, coal dust, the basic flux
2Content, unit is kg;
CaO
The ore deposit, CaO
Burnt, CaO
Coal, CaO
MoltenBe respectively the content of CaO in iron ore, coke, coal dust, the basic flux, unit is kg;
(SiO
2)
rThe SiO that the Si reduction consumes in being 1 batch
2Amount, unit is kg;
M is an injecting coal quantity, and unit is kg/s.
For utilizing wind-warm syndrome more than needed to replenish the part of tuyere zone domain theory temperature of combustion, because winding-up contains CaCO before the air port
3The basic flux district of circling round in the air port decomposition reaction can take place, consumption of calorie, this part heat replenishes by outer adjusting of stove, derives from the heat that the high wind-warm syndrome air blast etc. of blast furnace or producer is brought into, does not consume coke.Can be among the present invention by means such as hot blast temperature more than needed and oxygen enrichment compensation CaCO
3The heat of decomposition and consumption, as follows according to heat balance principle derivation calculation formula:
1.18X＝0.839ΔT+2.95Q
In the formula: X is CaCO
3Straying quatity, unit are kg/tHM; The hot blast temperature of Δ T for need improving, unit are ℃; Q is a Rich Oxygen Amount, and unit is Nm
3/ tHM.In the formula: 1.18,0.839,2.95 be respectively the formula coefficient, can be according to the actually operating adjustment.
Adopt method provided by the present invention can realize utilizing winding-up CaCO
3Decompose the CO that produces
2As oxygenant and coke carbon element generation solubilizing reaction, the reaction formula is: CaCO
3=CaO+CO
2CO
2+ C=2CO.
At the CaCO that do not jet
3Situation under, by the O in the air blast (sending into the hot blast of blast furnace or producer)
2As oxygenant and coke carbon element generation solubilizing reaction, its reaction formula is: O
2+ 2C=2CO.
By above contrast as can be seen, produce the CO of equal amts, adopt provided by the invention by tuyere injection CaCO
3Technical scheme can reduce the direct consumption of blast-furnace smelting carbon element.
Energy expenditure and carbon element consumption calculations:
The CaCO of 100g
3Be converted into 1mol, it is 37.34g that the heat of decomposition and consumption is amounted to the carbon element requirement, and the carbon element weight of carbon element solubilizing reaction consumption is 12g.By be blown into the CaCO of 100g from the air port
3Be equivalent to bring into the 12g carbon element, therefore, can save the 12g carbon element that coke provides.Consider from the angle of consumption carbon element amount, can draw by Theoretical Calculation: carbon element 25.34g in the stove of above three comprehensive consumptions.
Blast furnace air temperature improves 140 ℃, the heat Calculation that needs: ton iron blast volume is assumed to 1300Nm
3/ tHM, the hot blast specific heat capacity is 1.45KJ/Nm
3℃, the total heat that needs is 263900kJ/100kgCaCO
3, amounting to carbon element is 7.75g/100gCaCO
3Consider from the angle of energy, improve wind-warm syndrome heat that increases and the heat that consumption stove carbon element provides outward by stove and compare, consume carbon element (25.34-7.75)=17.59g/100gCaCO approximately less
3
Iron smelting method provided by the invention sprays into CaCO by the air port
3Deng basic solvent, utilize the surplus capacity of stokehold theoretical combustion temperature to reach saving coke purpose.By the energy expenditure analysis as can be seen, method provided by the present invention has energy-conserving action preferably.
The present invention also provides a kind of blowing device that is used for above-mentioned iron smelting method, and it comprises pulverized coal preparation system, dry flue gas system and injection system, wherein,
Pulverized coal preparation system comprises feed bin, vertical grinder, cloth bag collection machine, powder storehouse, is used to prepare the basic flux powder;
The dry flue gas system comprises flue gas stove, induced draft fan and burner blower, is used to provide blowing gas;
Injection system comprises winding-up jar, divider and spray gun, is used to the basic flux of jetting;
And, vertical grinder has a feed(raw material)inlet, one gas inlet and a dust outlet, feed bin is connected with the feed(raw material)inlet of vertical grinder, the dust outlet of vertical grinder is connected with the inlet of cloth bag collection machine, the outlet of cloth bag collection machine is connected with the inlet in powder storehouse, the outlet in powder storehouse is connected with the inlet of winding-up jar, the outlet of winding-up jar is connected with the inlet of divider, the outlet of divider is connected with spray gun, the flue gas stove is provided with two inlets and a pneumatic outlet, and two inlets of flue gas stove are connected with burner blower with induced draft fan respectively, and the pneumatic outlet of flue gas stove is connected with the gas inlet of vertical grinder.
According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention, preferably, the spray gun in the above-mentioned blowing device is an air port belly pipe, and this air port belly pipe comprises a body, a limestone powder spray gun and a pulverized coal gun.More preferably, air port belly pipe body is conical, and its center has a through hole, and limestone powder spray gun and pulverized coal gun are arranged in the hole wall of through hole, and the end of limestone powder spray gun and pulverized coal gun is communicated with through hole.
According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention, preferably, the limestone powder spray gun becomes 10 ° of-12 ° of angles with pulverized coal gun with the medullary ray (being the medullary ray of through hole) of air port belly pipe.Can avoid the wearing and tearing of jet by the angle between control spray gun and the air port belly pipe, be beneficial to basic flux powder and coal dust and mix tuyere small sleeve.
Iron smelting method provided by the present invention is by spraying into basic solvent in the air port, utilize the surplus capacity compensation basic solvent of theoretical combustion temperature before the air port to decompose the heat that is consumed, reached the purpose of saving coke, simultaneously, also can save the carbon element that is consumed, have remarkable economic efficiency.And technical scheme provided by the present invention can improve the calorific value of stock gas, improves the production efficiency of smelting.
Description of drawings
The following drawings only is intended to the present invention done and schematically illustrates and explain, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein:
The CaCO that Fig. 1 adds for furnace roof
3Smelting process synoptic diagram in blast furnace;
Fig. 2 is the CaCO of tuyere injection
3Smelting process synoptic diagram in blast furnace;
Fig. 3 is used for blowing device synoptic diagram from the tuyere injection Wingdale for what embodiment 1 provided;
The cross-sectional schematic of the air port belly pipe that Fig. 4 is adopted for embodiment 2;
The cross-sectional schematic of the air port belly pipe that Fig. 5 is adopted for embodiment 2.
The drawing reference numeral explanation:
Grab crane 1 batch hopper 2 feeding machines 3 tramp iron separators 4 high spud angle conveyor drives 5 Wingdale storehouses 6 closed automatic Weighing feeder 7 vertical grinders 8 cloth bag collection machines 9 air locking devices 10 fine powders sieve 11 limestone powder bins, 12 winding-ups jar 13 dividers, 14 spray guns, 15 main smoke discharging blower fans, 16 flue gas stoves, 17 induced draft fans, 18 burner blowers, 19 bodies, 23 limestone powder spray guns, 21 pulverized coal guns 22
Embodiment
Understand for technical characterictic of the present invention, purpose and beneficial effect being had more clearly, technical scheme of the present invention is carried out following detailed description, but but can not be interpreted as qualification practical range of the present invention referring now to Figure of description.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment provides a kind of and has been used for from the blowing device of tuyere injection Wingdale, its structure as shown in Figure 3, this equipment comprises pulverized coal preparation system, dry flue gas system and injection system, wherein:
Pulverized coal preparation system comprises Wingdale storehouse (feed bin) 6, vertical grinder 8 (having a feed(raw material)inlet, a gas inlet and a dust outlet), cloth bag collection machine 9, limestone powder bin 12, this pulverized coal preparation system is used to prepare limestone powder, this pulverized coal preparation system also comprises grab crane 1, batch hopper 2, feeding machine 3, tramp iron separator 4 and high spud angle conveyor drive 5, is used for carrying the Wingdale raw material to Wingdale storehouse 6;
The dry flue gas system comprises flue gas stove 17, induced draft fan 18 and burner blower 19, is used to provide blowing gas, can adopt this area dry flue gas system commonly used;
Injection system comprises two winding-up jars 13, divider 14 and spray guns 15, is used to the limestone powder of jetting;
In the blowing device that present embodiment provides, grab crane 1 is arranged at the top of batch hopper 2 and feeding machine 3, batch hopper 2, feeding machine 3 and tramp iron separator 4 are set in turn in the top of the horizontal section of high spud angle conveyor drive 5, the end of high spud angle conveyor drive 5 has a funnel, the lower ending opening of this funnel is aimed at Wingdale storehouse 6, is used to carry Wingdale; This part device can be provided with according to the common way in this area;
The lower ending opening place in Wingdale storehouse 6 is provided with a closed automatic Weighing feeder 7, and this closed automatic Weighing feeder 7 is used for the Wingdale raw material of sending into vertical grinder 8 is weighed, and its lower ending opening is connected with the feed(raw material)inlet of vertical grinder 8;
The dust outlet of vertical grinder 8 is connected with the inlet of cloth bag collection machine 9;
The outlet of cloth bag collection machine 9 is connected with the inlet of limestone powder bin 12, and, one side of cloth bag collection machine 9 is provided with a main smoke discharging blower fan 16, is used for discharging the flue dust of cloth bag collection machine 9, and the pipe connecting between cloth bag collection machine 9 and the limestone powder bin 12 is provided with air locking device 10 and fine powder sieve 11;
The outlet of limestone powder bin 12 is connected with the inlet of each winding-up jar 13 respectively, and the outlet of each winding-up jar 12 is connected with the inlet of divider 14 respectively;
The outlet of divider 14 is connected with spray gun 15, and a plurality of dividers 14 and spray gun 15 can be set as required;
Spray gun 15 is arranged at the place, air port of blast furnace or producer, is used for the limestone powder of jetting in the air port;
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment provides a kind of and has been used for from the blowing device of tuyere injection Wingdale, wherein, the spray gun that is adopted is an air port belly pipe, it can comprise a body 23, a limestone powder spray gun 21 and a pulverized coal gun 22, its structure as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, wherein, Fig. 4 be the A-A of Fig. 5 to sectional view, Fig. 5 is that the C-C of Fig. 4 is to sectional view.As can be seen from the figure, body 23 is taper, the burner hearth inside of blast furnace/producer is stretched at the tip of taper by the air port, the center of body 23 has a through hole, limestone powder spray gun 21 and pulverized coal gun 22 are arranged on the part in the close outside in the body 23, and the two becomes 10-12 ° of angle with the medullary ray of through hole, its end is communicated with above-mentioned through hole, is used for limestone powder is sprayed in the burner hearth;
Other parts of the blowing device that present embodiment provides are identical with the blowing device that embodiment 1 provides.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment provides a kind of and has added CaCO by the air port in blast furnace
3Smelting process, it comprises operations such as feed, powder process, winding-up, wherein, winding-up operation is to spray into limestone powder and coal dust from the air port.The smelting process that present embodiment provides is that the blowing device that adopts embodiment 2 to be provided carries out, and concrete steps are as follows:
Feed: the Wingdale raw material is sent in the Wingdale storehouse 6 by grab crane 1, batch hopper 2, feeding machine 3, tramp iron separator 4 and high spud angle conveyor drive 5;
Powder process: the Wingdale raw material sent in the vertical grinder 8 by closed automatic Weighing feeder 7 pulverize grinding, obtain limestone powder, mix with gas simultaneously, limestone powder is brought in the cloth bag collection machine 9 by this part gas from flue gas stove 17;
Winding-up: the limestone powder in the cloth bag collection machine 9 enters limestone powder bin 12 by air locking device 10, fine powder sieve 11 successively; Limestone powder in the limestone powder bin 12 enters in the different winding-up jars 13 by different pipelines, and then process divider 14 enters spray gun 15, be the air port belly pipe, spray in the burner hearth of blast furnace, finish the winding-up of limestone powder by the limestone powder spray gun 21 of air port belly pipe.
Also want coal injection in the winding-up operation, pulverized coal gun 22 is connected with the equipment (not shown) of pulverized coal conveying, and, in coal injection, be blown into oxygen by the air port.
In the smelting process that present embodiment provides, also need in blast furnace, to send into high-temperature hot-air through the hotblast stove heating, the high-temperature hot-air that present embodiment adopted is to adopt hotblast stove and heat according to the air that following steps are sent into gas blower to obtain:
Blast furnace gas and combustion air that the high-temperature flue gas and the hot blast stove burning of generation after the hot blast stove burning are used are sent in the hot tube heat exchanger, utilize high-temperature flue gas that blast furnace gas and combustion air are carried out preheating, the temperature of blast furnace gas is brought up to more than 200 ℃, the temperature of combustion air is brought up to more than 210 ℃;
To send into through the blast furnace gas of preheating and combustion air and burn stove in the hotblast stove, simultaneously, the air that utilizes gas blower that needs are sent into blast furnace is transported in the hotblast stove and heats, and obtains high-temperature hot-air;
To send in the blast furnace by the air port through the high-temperature hot-air of heating, finish pushing wind manipulation;
In the air-supply process, can adopt two hotblast stoves to hocket and heat and air-supply, with No. 1 hotblast stove the gas of sending into blast furnace is heated earlier, in its air-supply later stage, begin to adopt No. 2 hotblast stoves to heat then, this moment, No. 2 hotblast stoves were in air-supply in earlier stage, constantly regulate the heats cold air quantity of two hotblast stoves, the heats cold air quantity of No. 1 hotblast stove reduces gradually, and the heats cold air quantity of No. 2 hotblast stoves increases gradually, but the total amount of the two keeps stable; After No. 2 hotblast stoves enter the air-supply later stage, can make No. 1 hotblast stove repeat above-mentioned steps, form circulation, the heating that hockets of two hotblast stoves realizes steadily air-supply, the temperature-stable of the high-temperature hot-air of blast furnace is sent in assurance.
Above-described specific embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the above only is specific embodiments of the invention; and be not intended to limit the scope of the invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. iron smelting method, it comprises the basic flux powder with after gas mixes, the step of the tuyere injection by blast furnace or producer in the burner hearth of blast furnace or producer.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, described basic flux is Wingdale and/or rhombspar.
3. method according to claim 1, it also comprises the step that improves hot blast temperature.
4. method according to claim 3, wherein, the step of described raising hot blast temperature is:
The blast furnace gas and the combustion air that utilize the high-temperature flue gas of hot blast stove burning discharging that hot blast stove burning is used by hot tube heat exchanger or plate-type heat exchanger carry out preheating, improve the temperature of blast furnace gas and combustion air;
To burn stove through the blast furnace gas and the combustion air input hotblast stove of preheating, obtain high-temperature hot-air.
5. according to claim 3 or 4 described methods, wherein, the step of described raising hot blast temperature is:
Adopt plural hotblast stove to the heating that hockets of the gas of sending into blast furnace or producer, and, obtain high-temperature hot-air by controlling each hotblast stove guarantees to send into blast furnace or producer in the difference that adds hot blast rate in different air-supply stages gas wind-warm syndrome stable.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein, it also is included in by the air port in the burner hearth of blast furnace or producer coal injection the time, the step of winding-up oxygen.
7. method according to claim 1, it also is included in sends into the gas of sending into blast furnace or producer before hotblast stove heats, and sneaks into the step of oxygen in gas.
8. method according to claim 7, wherein, the addition of the oxygen of sneaking into accounts for the 3-8% of described gas volume total amount.
9. method according to claim 1, wherein, the winding-up amount of described basic flux determines that according to following formula described basic flux is with CaCO
3Meter:
Φ is winding-up CaCO
3Amount, unit is kg/s;
R smelts needed basicity in blast furnace or the producer;
A is batch consumption of going into the ore of stove in [time-T, time-T+t] interval, and unit is kg;
K is batch consumption of going into the coke of stove in [time-T, time-T+t] interval, and unit is kg;
T is the blast-furnace smelting cycle, and unit is s;
T is the material loading cycle, and unit is s;
Time is the calendar time of blast furnace or producer production usefulness;
SiO
2 ore deposits, SiO
2 Jiao, SiO
2 coals, SiO
2 is moltenBe respectively SiO in ore, coke, coal dust, the basic flux
2Content, unit is kg;
CaO
The ore deposit, CaO
Burnt, CaO
Coal, CaO
MoltenBe respectively the content of CaO in ore, coke, coal dust, the basic flux, unit is kg;
(SiO
2)
rThe SiO that the Si reduction consumes in being 1 batch
2Amount, unit is kg;
M is an injecting coal quantity, and unit is kg/s.
10. blowing device that is used for each described iron smelting method of claim 1-9, it comprises pulverized coal preparation system, dry flue gas system and injection system, wherein,
Described pulverized coal preparation system comprises feed bin, vertical grinder, cloth bag collection machine, powder storehouse, is used to prepare the basic flux powder;
Described dry flue gas system comprises flue gas stove, induced draft fan and burner blower, is used to provide blowing gas;
Described injection system comprises winding-up jar, divider and spray gun, is used to the basic flux of jetting;
And, described vertical grinder has a feed(raw material)inlet, one gas inlet and a dust outlet, described feed bin is connected with the feed(raw material)inlet of described vertical grinder, the dust outlet of described vertical grinder is connected with the inlet of described cloth bag collection machine, the outlet of described cloth bag collection machine is connected with the inlet in described powder storehouse, the outlet in described powder storehouse is connected with the inlet of described winding-up jar, the outlet of described winding-up jar is connected with the inlet of described divider, the outlet of described divider is connected with described spray gun, described flue gas stove is provided with two inlets and a pneumatic outlet, and, two inlets of described flue gas stove are connected with described burner blower with described induced draft fan respectively, and the pneumatic outlet of described flue gas stove is connected with the gas inlet of described vertical grinder.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102419099A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-04-18 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Method and device for conveying coal dust by utilizing flue gas |
| CN103014205A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-03 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Method for supplying oxygen to blast furnace oxygen-enriched coal spray |
| CN103352093A (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2013-10-16 | 宝钢集团新疆八一钢铁有限公司 | Novel debugging method for coal injection system |
| CN106029911A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2016-10-12 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Method for preparing coal to be injected into blast furnace, coal to be injected into blast furnace, and usage of same |
| CN106399609A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-02-15 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Process system and method for blast furnace injection sintering mine returning |
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| CN115216569A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-10-21 | 北京科技大学 | Method for regulating and controlling technological parameters of blast furnace blowing flux through theoretical combustion temperature |
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| CN102419099A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-04-18 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Method and device for conveying coal dust by utilizing flue gas |
| CN102419099B (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2014-03-26 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Method and device for conveying coal dust by utilizing flue gas |
| CN103014205A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-03 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Method for supplying oxygen to blast furnace oxygen-enriched coal spray |
| CN103352093A (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2013-10-16 | 宝钢集团新疆八一钢铁有限公司 | Novel debugging method for coal injection system |
| CN106029911A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2016-10-12 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Method for preparing coal to be injected into blast furnace, coal to be injected into blast furnace, and usage of same |
| CN106480248A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-03-08 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of dirt mud ferrum carbon ball grasps method as the blast furnace of part furnace charge |
| CN106480247A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-03-08 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of method for operating blast furnace using hot consolidation carbonaceous pelletizing as part furnace charge |
| CN106480248B (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2018-08-03 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of method for operating blast furnace of dirt mud iron carbon ball as part furnace charge |
| CN106480247B (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2018-11-06 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | It is a kind of using hot consolidation carbonaceous pelletizing as the method for operating blast furnace of part furnace charge |
| CN106399609A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-02-15 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Process system and method for blast furnace injection sintering mine returning |
| CN108441558A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-08-24 | 杭州和壹基因科技有限公司 | The composite amplification system and detection kit of tumour cell microsatellite instability |
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| CN113265496A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-08-17 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Blast furnace iron-making method using full-acid pellets as raw materials |
| CN115216569A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-10-21 | 北京科技大学 | Method for regulating and controlling technological parameters of blast furnace blowing flux through theoretical combustion temperature |
| CN115216569B (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2023-06-27 | 北京科技大学 | Method for regulating and controlling process parameters of blast furnace blowing flux through theoretical combustion temperature |
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