CN102227138A - Conditional access module card and realization method thereof - Google Patents

Conditional access module card and realization method thereof Download PDF

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CN102227138A
CN102227138A CN2011101738283A CN201110173828A CN102227138A CN 102227138 A CN102227138 A CN 102227138A CN 2011101738283 A CN2011101738283 A CN 2011101738283A CN 201110173828 A CN201110173828 A CN 201110173828A CN 102227138 A CN102227138 A CN 102227138A
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module
card
fpga
deciphering
demultiplexing
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CN102227138B (en
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徐福刚
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Sumavision Technologies Co Ltd
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Sumavision Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a conditional access module (CAM) card and a realization method thereof. The CAM card comprises an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). The FPGA comprises a PCMCIA interface module, a de-multiplexing module, a decryption module and a descrambling module, wherein the PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) interface module is used to receive a TS (Transport Stream) from a set top box and send the data descrambled by the descrambling module to the set top box, the de-multiplexing module is used to carry out a de-multiplexing towards the TS under the control of an MCU (Management Control Unit), send the content data de-multiplexed to a descrambling module and send the information data de-multiplexed to the decryption module, the decryption module is used to communicate with a CA (Conditional Access) intelligent card inserted with the CAM card, complete the decryption of the CA algorithm of the information data and acquire the CW (Control Word) obtained from the decryption and the descrambling module is used to descramble the de-multiplexed content data based on the CW from the decryption module. According to the invention, the research and development cost is reduced and the application range of the CAM card is expanded.

Description

Conditional Access Module card and its implementation
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, relate in particular to a kind of Conditional Access Module (Conditional Access Module abbreviates CAM as) card and its implementation.
Background technology
The various countries, Europe are in order to prevent minority set-top box manufacturer and TV station's monopoly industry, raise service price, general conditions reception (Conditional Access has been proposed, abbreviate CA as) interface (Common Interface, abbreviate CI as) notion, promptly, relevant CA in the set-top box (promptly, only allow authorized users to use this business, unwarranted user can not use this business) hardware and software be integrated into an independently module, with the repertoire that the integrated circuit and the CA smart card of a special use are independently realized CA together, no longer directly carry out CA in the set-top box and handle.
So, set-top box has just become a universal machine, plug the CI module after CA in this module, move, send instruction again and allow set-top box carry out.The way of general CI module is very effective, has really accomplished separation between machine and card, manufacturer no longer worry machine work it out to who with or the problem of usefulness how, need only attentively reduce the cost of set-top box, and as long as the operator is to the such CI module of CA producer supply.This general CI is called as DVB-CI standard (EN 50221 " condition receiving system and other digital video broadcasting (Digital Video Broadcasting, abbreviate DVB as) the general-purpose interface standard of decoder application "), be propose Europe nineteen ninety-five based on (the Personal Computer Memory Card International Association of PC RAM (random access memory) card international federation, abbreviate PCMCIA as) standard agreement of the CA separation between machine and card of TYPE II physical interface mainly is a standard interface that defines between main frame and module.
At present, the technical scheme formulated at separation between machine and card of China mainly comprises: kilocalorie scheme, lesser calorie scheme.Wherein, the kilocalorie scheme comprises the scheme based on pcmcia interface, this scheme is directly used for reference the DVB-CI standard in Europe on the machine card communication protocol, improve on this basis and increase some self-defining expansion contents, be and separate CA Digital Television receiving card, just CAM card based on the DVB-CI standard.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation according to the CAM card in the correlation technique, as shown in Figure 1, the main function that realizes has on the CAM card: the demultiplexing of the communicating by letter of pcmcia interface and main frame, transmission (Transport Stream abbreviates TS as) stream, on the ISO7816 interface with the communicating by letter and the descrambling of TS stream of the enterprising line data of smart card.
But in correlation technique, CAM card special chip monopolization is more expensive in the world of minority and domestic manufacturer and price, and the price that causes the CAM card is unfavorable for the implementation of CAM card scheme like this than higher.Based on the DVB-CI standard, be used to the function that realizes that digital TV conditional receives.Form by the peripheral cell that the main control chip of special use is auxiliary in addition,
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of implementation of CAM card, to solve in the correlation technique owing to CAM the core of the card sheet is promoted limited problem by the monopolization of minority producer, the higher CAM card that causes of price.
To achieve these goals, according to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of CAM card.
According to CAM card of the present invention, comprise FPGA, FPGA comprises pcmcia interface module, demultiplexing module, deciphering module and descrambling module, wherein, the pcmcia interface module is used to receive the transmission TS stream from set-top box, and the data behind the descrambling module descrambling are sent to set-top box; Demultiplexing module is used under the control of MCU TS stream being carried out demultiplexing, and the content-data behind the demultiplexing is sent to descrambling module, and the information data behind the demultiplexing is sent to deciphering module; Deciphering module is used for communicating with the CA smart card that inserts the CAM card, finishes the deciphering of the CA algorithm of information data, and obtains the CW that obtains after the deciphering; And descrambling module, be used for according to carrying out descrambling from the CW of the deciphering module content-data after to demultiplexing.
Preferably, demultiplexing module comprises: enter the unit, the TS stream that is used for the pcmcia interface module is received is that unit sends to filter element and filters with the packet; Filter element, the TS bag from entering the unit that is used for receiving carries out the PID Field Sanitization and joint number is filtered according to stem; And dispatch unit, be used for the load that the TS through filter element wraps is write default buffer address.
Preferably, filter element also is used for when the TS band has the self adaptation field, according to the control bit extraction interruption indication and the PCR field of self adaptation field stem.
Preferably, deciphering module also is used for carrying out the transmission of ECM and EMM by ISO 7816 interfaces and CA smart card, to obtain the CW that obtains after the deciphering.
Preferably, MCU is contained in the single-chip microcomputer, and it is one of following that the type of single-chip microcomputer comprises: senior reduced instruction set processor A RM, C51, PLD, FPGA.
Preferably, MCU is among the ARM, adopts parallel bus to carry out data communication between ARM and the FPGA.
Preferably, MCU is contained in FPGA, and MCU comprises flash memory FLASH and static RAM SRAM.
To achieve these goals, according to a further aspect in the invention, also provide a kind of implementation method of CAM card.
Implementation method according to CAM card of the present invention may further comprise the steps: the TS that the CAM card uses FPGA to receive from set-top box flows, and TS stream is carried out demultiplexing, and wherein, the data behind the demultiplexing comprise content-data and information data; FPGA indication CAM card communicates with the CA smart card that inserts the CAM card, finishes the deciphering of the CA algorithm of information data, and carries out descrambling according to the content-data of the CW that obtains after the deciphering after to demultiplexing; And FPGA is sent to set-top box with the data after the descrambling.
Preferably, FPGA carries out demultiplexing to TS stream and comprises: FPGA is unit with TS stream with the packet, carry out PID Field Sanitization and joint number and filter according to stem, and the load of the bag of the TS after will filtering writes in the default buffer address.
Preferably, FPGA indication CAM card receives the CA smart card with the condition of inserting the CAM card and communicates, the deciphering of finishing the CA algorithm of information data comprises: FPGA carries out the transmission of Entitlement Control Message ECM and Entitlement Management Message EMM by ISO7816 interface and CA smart card, to obtain the CW that obtains after the deciphering.
According to technical scheme of the present invention, adopt FPGA to realize the mode of CAM card function, solved in the correlation technique owing to CAM the core of the card sheet is promoted limited problem by the monopolization of minority producer, the higher CAM of the causing card of price, reduced R﹠D costs, enlarged the range of application of CAM card.
Description of drawings
Figure of description is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the application's a part, and illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper qualification of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation according to the CAM card in the correlation technique;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart according to the CAM card of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of CAM card according to the preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of CAM card and set-top box and CA smart card according to the preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the detailed maps of CAM card and set-top box and CA smart card according to the preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the flow chart according to the implementation method of the CAM card of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of realizing the CAM card according to the employing FPGA of the embodiment of the invention one; And
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram according to the demultiplexing module of the embodiment of the invention two.
Embodiment
Need to prove that under the situation of not conflicting, embodiment and the feature among the embodiment among the application can make up mutually.Describe the present invention below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments in detail.
According to the embodiment of the invention, provide a kind of CAM card.Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart according to the CAM card of the embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 2, this CAM card 20 comprises field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, abbreviate FPGA as), FPGA 22 comprises pcmcia interface module 222, demultiplexing module 224, deciphering module 226 and descrambling module 228, wherein, pcmcia interface module 222, be connected to demultiplexing module 224 and descrambling module 228, be used to receive TS stream, and the data behind descrambling module 228 descramblings are sent to set-top box from set-top box; Demultiplexing module 224, be coupled to deciphering module 226 and descrambling module 228, be used at management control unit (Management Control Unit, abbreviate MCU as) control under TS stream is carried out demultiplexing, and the content-data behind the demultiplexing sent to descrambling module 228, the information data behind the demultiplexing is sent to deciphering module 226; Deciphering module 226 is connected to descrambling module 228, is used for receiving (Conditional Access with the condition of inserting CAM card 20, abbreviating CA as) smart card communicates, finish the deciphering of the CA algorithm of information data, and obtain the control word (Control Word abbreviates CW as) that obtains after the deciphering; And descrambling module 228, be used for according to carrying out descrambling from the CW of deciphering module 226 content-data after to demultiplexing.
Pass through the embodiment of the invention, adopt FPGA to realize the mode of CAM card function, solved in the correlation technique owing to CAM the core of the card sheet is promoted limited problem by the monopolization of minority producer, the higher CAM of the causing card of price, reduced R﹠D costs, enlarged the range of application of CAM card.
Need to prove that the CW that deciphering module 226 solves is the descrambling that is used for the pseudorandom scramble sequence of scrambled program.
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of CAM card according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 3, demultiplexing module 224 comprises: enter unit 2242, be connected to pcmcia interface module 222, the TS stream that is used for pcmcia interface module 222 is received is that unit sends to filter element 2244 and filters with the packet; Filter element 2244 is connected to and enters unit 2242, and the TS bag from entering unit 2242 that is used for receiving carries out the PID Field Sanitization and joint number is filtered according to stem; And dispatch unit 2246, be connected to filter element 2244, be used for the load that the TS through filter element 2244 wraps is write default buffer address.This method has realized the demultiplexing to TS stream by filter element 2244 and dispatch unit 2246, has improved the validity of system.
Preferably, filter element 2244 also is used for when the TS band has the self adaptation field, according to the control bit extraction interruption indication and program clock reference (Program Clock Reference the abbreviates PCR as) field of self adaptation field stem.This method can improve the disposal ability of system.
Preferably, deciphering module 226 also is used for carrying out Entitlement Control Message (Entitlement Control Message by ISO7816 interface and CA smart card, abbreviate ECM as) and Entitlement Management Message (Entitlement Manage Message, abbreviate EMM as) transmission, to obtain the CW that obtains after the deciphering.This method realizes simple, workable.
Preferably, MCU is contained in the single-chip microcomputer, and it is one of following that the type of single-chip microcomputer comprises: senior reduced instruction set processor (Advanced RISC Machines abbreviates ARM as), C51, PLD, FPGA.This method realizes simple, workable.
Preferably, MCU is among the ARM, adopts parallel bus to carry out data communication between ARM and the FPGA 22.
Preferably, MCU is contained in FPGA 22, and MCU comprises flash memory (FLASH) and static RAM (Static Random Access Memory abbreviates SRAM as).For example, MCU is embedded among the FPGA22, can reduces cost like this, improve the stability of system.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of CAM card and set-top box and CA smart card according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, Fig. 5 is the detailed maps of CAM card and set-top box and CA smart card according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, shown in Figure 4 and 5, in implementation process, this set-top box (promptly, main frame) with the correlation of CAM card 20 and CA smart card can for: CAM card 20 links to each other with set-top box by the DVB-CI standard interface, the CA smart card can insert the CA algorithm decryption oprerations of being correlated with by the ISO7816 external interface of CAM card 20.
Corresponding to above-mentioned CAM card, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of implementation method of Conditional Access Module CAM card.Fig. 6 is the flow chart according to the implementation method of the CAM card of the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 6, this method may further comprise the steps:
The TS that step S602, CAM card use FPGA to receive from set-top box flows, and TS stream is carried out demultiplexing, and wherein, the data behind the demultiplexing comprise content-data and information data (for example, keyword or key);
Step S604, FPGA indication CAM card communicates with the CA smart card that inserts the CAM card, finishes the deciphering of the CA algorithm of information data, and carries out descrambling according to the content-data of the CW that obtains after the deciphering after to demultiplexing; And
Step S606, FPGA is sent to set-top box with the data after the descrambling.
Pass through above-mentioned steps, adopt FPGA to realize the mode of CAM card function, solved in the correlation technique owing to CAM the core of the card sheet is promoted limited problem by the monopolization of minority producer, the higher CAM of the causing card of price, reduced R﹠D costs, enlarged the range of application of CAM card.
Preferably, in step S602, FPGA can be a unit with the packet with TS stream, carry out PID Field Sanitization and joint number and filter according to stem, and the load of the bag of the TS after will filtering writes in the default buffer address.
Preferably, in step S604, FPGA indication CAM card receives the CA smart card with the condition of inserting the CAM card and communicates, the deciphering of finishing the CA algorithm of information data comprises: FPGA carries out the transmission of Entitlement Control Message ECM and Entitlement Management Message EMM by ISO7816 interface and CA smart card, to obtain the CW that obtains after the deciphering.
Be elaborated below in conjunction with the implementation procedure of preferred embodiments and drawings to the foregoing description.
Embodiment one
Present embodiment provides access device and its implementation of a kind of Digital Television based on the DVB-CI standard interface, adopt the FPGA programmable logic chip, design realizes the function of CAM card, the research and development and the production cost of manufacturer have been reduced, and increased the flexibility of system, especially aspect the upgrading of function.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of realizing the CAM card according to the employing FPGA of the embodiment of the invention one, and as shown in Figure 7, the part in the dotted line is that FPGA realizes, mainly comprises: demultiplexing module, deciphering module, descrambling module and pcmcia interface module.
Present embodiment is followed DVB-CI interface standard agreement, and based on FPGA and MCU framework, wherein, FPGA is used to realize the interface standard between hardware, and MCU is used to realize that some drive and software communication is controlled.Adopt the CPU parallel bus to carry out data communication between FPGA and the MCU, plug-in FLASH memory of CPU itself (flash memory) and SRAM memory are used for the access of program and the buffer memory of data.
For example, in implementation process, can adopt the FLASH memory of 256K byte, carry out the storage of program, adopt the SRAM of 256K byte, as the temporary space of data.
Embodiment two
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram according to the demultiplexing module of the embodiment of the invention two, and as shown in Figure 8, demultiplexing module can comprise as lower module:
Enter (Ingress) module, be used to receive the TS stream of outside input, the TS bag is deposited in the buffer memory of its inside, receive a complete TS bag after, the module that this bag is exported to the back level with 8 data width deals with;
Identification code transmission package (Packet identifier abbreviates PID as) filtering module is used for according to the respective field of pre-configured PID control register the PID field that the TS that receives wraps being filtered, and provides the matching result that PID filters;
PID process state information indicating module is used to produce indication when the state information of pre-treatment to certain position of TS bag, handles the TS bag for other module according to current state;
The joint filtering module is used for the joint number of Program Specific Information bag is filtered according to stem, and the joint number of filtering according to stem by joint number be according to will being sent among the Memory, otherwise abandons this bag;
Self adaptation field processing module is used for when finding that the TS band has the self adaptation field, according to the control bit of self adaptation field stem, extracts and is interrupted indication and PCR field;
Data are sent (DisPatch) module with charge free, be used for filtering and Program Specific Information (Program Specific Information according to PID, abbreviate PSI as) filtering result, the load that to wrap by the TS that filters is written in predefined memory cache (MemoryBuffer) address goes, and carries out next step setting for follow-up audio/video decoder decoding or to the relevant control information of CPU extraction.
Embodiment three
Present embodiment provides a kind of mode based on FPGA+MCU to realize the method for CAM card, that is, adopt FPGA to realize CAM card repertoire, so just can no longer need CAM card special chip, avoid expensive chip development expense, reduced the cost of CAM card.Simultaneously, also broken of the monopolization restriction of minority producer, made that the upgrading in the future of CAM card has higher flexibility CAM card product.
As shown in Figure 7, the CAM card in the present embodiment (that is digital TV conditional receiving card) can comprise with lower module:
The PCMCIA module: be used to finish and the data communication of main frame and the function of order communication, comprise the input of scrambling TS stream, the output of the TS stream behind the descrambling also comprises a command channel, is used for CAM card and main frame and carries out the mutual of order;
Demultiplexing module: be used under the control of MCU, TS stream being carried out demultiplexing;
Deciphering module: be used to use fpga logic design ISO7816 interface, carry out communication, carry out the transmission of ECM, EMM by 7816 interfaces and smart card, in smart card, the CPU of use smart card finishes the deciphering of CA algorithm, solves control word CW, is transferred to descrambling module;
Descrambling module: adopt European common crypto algorithm, be used for the key according to CW, the TS stream of scrambling is carried out descrambling, clear stream sent the pcmcia interface module to after descrambling was finished.
Need to prove that the CW control word after being encrypted by business cipher key SK is included among the ECM; Be included among the EMM by the SK after the individual subscriber distributing key PDK encryption.
Preferably, the control of the driving of FPGA and software communication (that is, realizes MCU) that cpu chip is responsible for finishing the DVB-CI interface protocol, and the management of the task of each system and scheduling by cpu chip.In implementation process, CPU can be MCU chip independently, for example, at the plug-in independent CPU of FPGA, but is not limited to plug-in CPU, also can be for being embedded in the CPU of FPGA inside.
Preferably, can use the ARM single-chip microcomputer, but be not limited to this type of singlechip CPU, also comprise the CPU of other types as CPU, for example, PLD, C51 etc.In implementation process, can adopt the CPU that comprises the ARM7 kernel to carry out the operation of software, to finish control, transfer of data and task management to each other logic modules.Can adopt the parallel bus of CPU to carry out communication between ARM and the FPGA.
Preferably, ISO 7816 interfaces also can be realized on FPGA.
In sum, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method that realizes CAM card function based on FPGA, can be applied to be decrypted in the digital television conditional access system receiving card of descrambling, can avoid the use of special-purpose CAM the core of the card sheet, thereby reduced the price of CAM card, and aspect scalable, higher flexibility has been arranged.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that, above-mentioned each module of the present invention or each step can realize with the general calculation device, they can concentrate on the single calculation element, perhaps be distributed on the network that a plurality of calculation element forms, alternatively, they can be realized with the executable program code of calculation element, thereby, they can be stored in the storage device and carry out by calculation element, perhaps they are made into each integrated circuit modules respectively, perhaps a plurality of modules in them or step are made into the single integrated circuit module and realize.Like this, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software combination.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a Conditional Access Module CAM card is characterized in that, comprise on-site programmable gate array FPGA, described FPGA comprises pcmcia interface module, demultiplexing module, deciphering module and descrambling module, wherein,
Described pcmcia interface module is used to receive the transmission TS stream from set-top box, and the data behind the described descrambling module descrambling are sent to described set-top box;
Described demultiplexing module is used under the control of management control unit MCU described TS stream being carried out demultiplexing, and the content-data behind the demultiplexing is sent to described descrambling module, and the information data behind the demultiplexing is sent to described deciphering module;
Described deciphering module is used for receiving the CA smart card with the condition of inserting described CAM card and communicates, and finishes the deciphering of the CA algorithm of described information data, and obtains the control word CW that obtains after the deciphering; And
Described descrambling module is used for according to carrying out descrambling from the described CW of the described deciphering module described content-data after to demultiplexing.
2. CAM card according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described demultiplexing module comprises:
Enter the unit, the described TS stream that is used for that described pcmcia interface module is received is that unit sends to filter element and filters with the packet;
Described filter element is used for carrying out the PID Field Sanitization and joint number is filtered according to stem with what receive from the described TS bag that enters the unit; And
Dispatch unit is used for the load that the described TS through described filter element wraps is write default buffer address.
3. CAM card according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described filter element also is used for when described TS band has the self adaptation field, according to the control bit extraction interruption indication and the program clock reference PCR field of described self adaptation field stem.
4. CAM card according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described deciphering module also is used for carrying out the transmission of Entitlement Control Message ECM and Entitlement Management Message EMM by ISO 7816 interfaces and described CA smart card, to obtain the described CW that obtains after the deciphering.
5. CAM card according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described MCU is contained in the single-chip microcomputer, and it is one of following that the type of described single-chip microcomputer comprises: senior reduced instruction set processor A RM, C51, PLD, FPGA.
6. CAM card according to claim 1 is characterized in that described MCU is among the ARM, adopts parallel bus to carry out data communication between described ARM and the described FPGA.
7. CAM card according to claim 1 is characterized in that described MCU is contained in described FPGA, and described MCU comprises flash memory FLASH and static RAM SRAM.
8. the implementation method of a Conditional Access Module CAM card is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
The transmission TS that described CAM card uses on-site programmable gate array FPGA to receive from set-top box flows, and described TS stream is carried out demultiplexing, and wherein, the data behind the described demultiplexing comprise content-data and information data;
Described FPGA indicates described CAM card and the condition of inserting described CAM card to receive the CA smart card and communicates, and finishes the deciphering of the CA algorithm of described information data, and carries out descrambling according to the content-data of the control word CW that obtains after the deciphering after to demultiplexing; And
Described FPGA is sent to described set-top box with the data after the descrambling.
9. implementation method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described FPGA carries out demultiplexing to described TS stream and comprises:
Described FPGA is unit with described TS stream with the packet, carry out PID Field Sanitization and joint number and filter according to stem, and the load of the bag of the TS after will filtering writes in the default buffer address.
10. implementation method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described FPGA indicates described CAM card and the condition of inserting described CAM card to receive the CA smart card and communicates, and the deciphering of finishing the CA algorithm of described information data comprises:
Described FPGA carries out the transmission of Entitlement Control Message ECM and Entitlement Management Message EMM by ISO7816 interface and described CA smart card, to obtain the described CW that obtains after the deciphering.
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CN103916684A (en) * 2014-04-29 2014-07-09 深圳国微技术有限公司 Signal acquisition and transmission system and method based on PCMCIA interface
CN103916684B (en) * 2014-04-29 2018-01-16 深圳国微技术有限公司 A kind of signal acquisition Transmission system and method based on pcmcia interface
CN104410889A (en) * 2014-12-22 2015-03-11 深圳国微技术有限公司 Data processing method and condition receiving module
CN105187899A (en) * 2015-07-22 2015-12-23 深圳市特博赛科技有限公司 Data transmission system
CN105187899B (en) * 2015-07-22 2018-06-29 深圳市特博赛科技有限公司 Data transmission system
CN105282581A (en) * 2015-10-23 2016-01-27 西安中科晶像光电科技有限公司 Scheme for simplifying conditional access chip
CN108924634A (en) * 2018-07-19 2018-11-30 深圳国微视安科技有限公司 A kind of TS stream method for quickly identifying and device

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