CN113727159B - System and method for processing multi-repeater programs by integrated conditional access module - Google Patents
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- CN113727159B CN113727159B CN202110955836.7A CN202110955836A CN113727159B CN 113727159 B CN113727159 B CN 113727159B CN 202110955836 A CN202110955836 A CN 202110955836A CN 113727159 B CN113727159 B CN 113727159B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/41—Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
- H04N21/426—Internal components of the client ; Characteristics thereof
- H04N21/42607—Internal components of the client ; Characteristics thereof for processing the incoming bitstream
- H04N21/42623—Internal components of the client ; Characteristics thereof for processing the incoming bitstream involving specific decryption arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
- H04N21/4402—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for household redistribution, storage or real-time display
- H04N21/440218—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for household redistribution, storage or real-time display by transcoding between formats or standards, e.g. from MPEG-2 to MPEG-4
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for processing multi-repeater programs by an integrated condition receiving module, wherein the system comprises a tuner, an FPGA (field programmable gate array), a controller, an intelligent card and a modulator, wherein the output end of the tuner is connected with the input end of the FPGA; the controller is used for analyzing the program identifier values of the authorization control information and the authorization management information, sending effective data to the intelligent card to complete authorization and obtain control words, and sending the control words of the program to the FPGA in real time, wherein the FPGA is used for descrambling video and audio data; by using an integrated CAM board card and additionally adding 4 repeaters and three intelligent cards, decryption and descrambling of up to 56 sets of encrypted programs on the 4 repeaters can be completed simultaneously, the processing capacity of the digital forwarding all-in-one machine is increased, and the volume occupied by the decryption part of the all-in-one machine is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cable television TS streaming, and particularly relates to a system and a method for processing multi-repeater programs by an integrated condition receiving module.
Background
The Conditional Access System (CAS) is one of the key technologies of digital tv, and is an important means for operators to implement access control for broadcast services, ensuring that only users who pay fees can watch selected tv programs. A complete conditional access system is composed of scrambling and descrambling system, encryption and decryption system, user management system and user authorization system.
The digital television forwarding all-in-one machine used in the digital broadcasting system converts DVB-S/DVB-S2 digital television programs on a plurality of repeaters on a digital television satellite into a QAM modulation mode and forwards the programs to a cable television network, thereby being convenient for a back-end user to watch, wherein the pay television programs on 4 satellite repeaters need to be forwarded. The encrypted program can be decrypted and descrambled by using the CAM provided by the CA manufacturer, the technology is mature, but one CAM can only process the program on one transponder, and the system needs to use 4 CAMs to process the decryption and descrambling of the program on 4 transponders. The 4 CAMs have the defects of large size and high cost, and the integrated board card is used for processing programs on the 4 repeaters simultaneously, so that the advantages of low cost and system size reduction can be brought.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a system and a method for processing programs of a plurality of repeaters by an integrated condition receiving module, which solve the problems, and the invention provides the system and the method for processing programs of the plurality of repeaters by using an integrated CAM board card, wherein a DVB integrated CAM is cooperatively operated by a singlechip and an FPGA, the DVB integrated CAM and the DVB integrated CAM respectively complete decryption and descrambling, and simultaneously complete decryption and descrambling of all encrypted programs on 4 repeaters, thereby increasing the processing capacity of a digital forwarding all-in-one machine, greatly reducing the volume occupied by a decryption part of the all-in-one machine and realizing the function of simultaneously processing a plurality of pay programs on a plurality of repeaters.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the system for processing the programs of the multi-transponder by the integrated condition receiving module comprises a tuner, an FPGA, a controller, an intelligent card and a modulator, wherein the output end of the tuner is connected with the input end of the FPGA; the controller is used for analyzing the program identifier values of the authorization control information and the authorization management information, sending effective data to the intelligent card to complete authorization and obtain control words, and sending the control words of the program to the FPGA in real time, wherein the FPGA is used for descrambling video and audio data.
The controller firstly analyzes the type of the smart card in the slot of the smart card, analyzes the authorization management information corresponding to the encryption system of the smart card in the original transmission stream, and sends the effective authorization management information data to the smart card in a specific format to complete the authorization of the smart card; and meanwhile, analyzing the transport stream to obtain program identifier data which are scrambled, analyzing the program identifier of the authorization control information data stream corresponding to the program identifier, receiving the authorization control information data, sending effective data in the authorization control information to the intelligent card, receiving a control word returned by the intelligent card, and sending the control word to the FPGA in real time.
The input end of the high-frequency head is connected with the satellite receiving antenna, and the high-frequency head is used for receiving high-frequency signals and demodulating video information.
The controller adopts STM32 series singlechip, and the tuner sets up 4, and the smart card is 3.
The FPGA receives 4 paths of transmission streams output by 4 high-frequency tuners;
the FPGA analyzes the transmission stream content, passes and filters the program identifier packet, and simultaneously forwards the transmission stream packet related to the encrypted information to the singlechip;
the FPGA receives the control words sent by the singlechip, and sends the control words to the FGPA universal descrambler module according to the internal program identifier lookup table and the control word lookup table to descramble scrambled video and audio data;
and the table insertion module of the FPGA receives the PSI data packet sent by the singlechip and puts the PSI data packet into a cache, and inserts the PSI data packet into a transport stream to complete the reconstruction of the program table information of the transport stream.
Based on the system of the invention, a method for processing programs of a plurality of repeaters by an integrated condition receiving module is provided, which comprises the following specific processes:
initializing a system, and receiving configuration data;
configuring an electronic tuner according to the frequency point symbol rate parameters, enabling the electronic tuner to output a digital television baseband signal transmission stream, and reading the normalized signal quality;
initializing the smart card, reading ATR, recognizing several smart cards and recording the conditional access system identification of the smart card;
analyzing whether the programs of each channel are encrypted or not, acquiring authorization control information corresponding to the encrypted programs, and acquiring a program identifier value of the authorization management information;
all program identifiers are released, a PSI packet is inserted into the FGPA every 10 milliseconds, and the unencrypted and unscrambled programs are transmitted.
The single chip microcomputer firstly sends a command through an SPI interface to set a parameter of 0x0000 in a program identifier lookup table to be 3, and receives program association table data;
then, carrying out splicing analysis processing to obtain a program identifier and a corresponding service descriptor of each program mapping table in the channel;
obtaining each program mapping table in the same way, analyzing whether the program mapping table contains an encryption descriptor matched with the smart card conditional access system or not, and obtaining a program identifier corresponding to the authorization control information; and setting the audio and video program identifier of the encrypted program and the program identifier value corresponding to the authorization control information in the program identifier lookup table of the FPGA, and analyzing the CAT table to obtain the program identifier value of the authorization management information.
The FPGA descrambles the scrambled data based on a CSA general descrambling algorithm, which comprises the following steps:
the FPGA receives a transmission stream output by the tuner;
analyzing the transmission stream content, releasing and filtering the program identifier packet, and simultaneously forwarding the transmission stream packet related to the encrypted information to the single chip microcomputer;
the FPGA receives the control words sent by the singlechip, and sends the control words to the general descrambler module according to the internal program identifier lookup table and the control word lookup table to complete descrambling of the video and audio data;
and the table insertion module of the FPGA receives the PSI data packet sent by the singlechip and puts the PSI data packet into a cache, and inserts the PSI data packet into a transport stream to complete the reconstruction of the program table information of the transport stream.
When storing and managing original authorization control information and authorization management information data, storing and managing the original authorization control information and the authorization management information data by adopting two-stage storage; the first stage stores authorization control information and authorization management information data in all 188-byte transport stream packet formats sent by an FPGA (field programmable gate array) in a direct memory access mode, adds a byte content behind effective data to indicate which channel the data belongs to, discards repeated data, adds an identifier at the tail of the effective data needing to be processed by an intelligent card to indicate which channel the authorization control information belongs to, fills a control word obtained by decryption into which part of a control word lookup table in the FPGA, and whether to decrypt video and audio corresponding to SID (security identification) or not; then, the processed effective authorization control information data is put into a second-level storage to wait for being sent to the smart card; because the smart card calculates the control word serially, the next entitlement control message can only be processed after processing one entitlement control message data to obtain the control word.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
in the traditional conditional access system, only one encrypted program on a transponder can be processed by using one set-top box and one CAM card; in the repeater system, there are an increase in volume and an increase in cost.
By adopting the technical scheme, one integrated CAM board card is used, 4 repeaters and three intelligent cards are additionally arranged, the decryption and descrambling of 56 sets of encrypted programs on the 4 repeaters can be completed simultaneously, the processing capacity of the digital forwarding all-in-one machine is increased, and the volume occupied by the decryption part of the all-in-one machine is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a DVB integrated CAM and forwarding system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a process architecture that can be implemented in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a received frame after integrated CAM processing in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The concrete meanings of the abbreviation are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
The DVB integrated CAM is cooperated by the single chip microcomputer and the FPGA to complete decryption and descrambling respectively, so that the function of processing a plurality of pay programs on a plurality of repeaters simultaneously is realized.
The single chip microcomputer is used for obtaining the control words, decrypting the encrypted information, configuring and controlling all modules in the system and the like. In the design, at most 3 smart cards work simultaneously, the maximum load of a single channel is allowed to be 16 paths of encrypted video programs, and 56 different television programs can be decrypted and processed simultaneously. The main functions of the single chip microcomputer in the whole system are to analyze PID values of required ECM and EMM, to send effective data to the smart card to complete authorization and acquisition of CW, and to send CW of 56 programs with maximum 4 channels to FPGA in real time to complete descrambling of corresponding video and audio code streams. Firstly, analyzing the type of the smart card in the slot of the smart card, analyzing EMM corresponding to the encryption system of the smart card in the original TS stream, and sending effective EMM data to the smart card in a specific format to finish the authorization work of the smart card. And analyzing the TS stream to obtain PID data which is scrambled, analyzing the PID of the ECM data stream corresponding to the PID, receiving the ECM data, transmitting effective data in the ECM to the intelligent card, receiving the CW returned by the intelligent card, and transmitting the CW to the FPGA in real time.
The invention designs two-stage storage to store and manage original ECM and EMM data; the first stage stores ECM and EMM data in 188 byte TS packet format sent by FPGA in DMA mode, adds one byte content to indicate which channel the data belongs to after the effective data, discards the repeated data, adds identification at the tail of the effective data to be sent to the smart card for processing to indicate which channel the ECM belongs to, and fills the CW obtained by decryption into which part of CW lookup table in FPGA, and whether to decrypt the video and audio corresponding to SID. The processed valid ECM data is then placed in a second level of storage awaiting transmission to the smart card. Because the smart card calculates the CW serially, the next ECM can only be processed after processing an ECM data to obtain the CW, so that the CW obtained from the corresponding smart card corresponds to the incoming ECM one-to-one, including the corresponding channel number and program number, and the serial number in the CW lookup table. Based on this information, a plurality of ECM data can be mapped to the CW to ensure that the CW fed to the descrambler is correct.
Referring to fig. 2, the entire DVB integrated CAM works as follows:
1. the system is powered on, and the single chip microcomputer initializes each module (the electronic tuner module, the smart card module and the EEPROM module). Initializing an FPGA, setting an internal lookup table and a CW lookup table of the FPGA to be 0, and setting all PIDs to be a blocking mode;
2. receiving required configuration data (frequency point symbol rate of an electronic tuner, released PID, SID required to be decrypted, and reconstructed PSI table required to be inserted into a code stream) through a CAN interface and storing the configuration data into an EEPROM;
3. configuring an electronic tuner according to the frequency point symbol rate parameters, enabling the electronic tuner to output a digital television baseband signal TS stream, and reading the normalized signal quality;
4. initializing the smart card, reading the ATR, recognizing that there are several smart cards and recording the CA system identification (CA _ system _ id) of the smart card;
5. and analyzing whether the programs of all channels are encrypted or not, acquiring the ECM corresponding to the encrypted programs, and acquiring the PID value of the EMM. The single chip microcomputer firstly sends a command through the SPI interface to set the parameter of 0x0000 in the PID lookup table to be 3, and receives PAT data. Then, the splicing analysis processing is carried out to obtain the PID and the corresponding SID of each program PMT in the channel. Then, each program PMT table is obtained in the same way, whether the PMT table contains an encryption descriptor matched with the intelligent card CA system or not is analyzed, and the PID of the corresponding ECM is obtained. And setting audio and video PID of the encrypted program and PID value of corresponding ECM in PID lookup table of FPGA according to rule. In addition, analyzing the CAT table to obtain the PID value of the EMM;
6. releasing all released PIDs sent by the main control board, starting a timer, and inserting a PSI packet into the FGPA every 10ms, so that the back end can watch unencrypted scrambled programs;
7. setting SPI slave machine receiving as circulation DMA mode, receiving EMM and ECM of enciphered program, sending effective data in EMM data stream to intelligent card to complete authorization of intelligent card, real-time analyzing and processing ECM and sending effective data to corresponding intelligent card to calculate CW, writing obtained CW into corresponding video and audio PID part in CW lookup table of FPGA, descrambling module of FPGA descrambles video and audio data, and back end can watch enciphered program, one kind of processing result refers to FIG. 3.
The FPGA completes the descrambling work of the data, and realizes a standard CSA general descrambling algorithm in the FPGA to complete the descrambling of the video and audio data. 4 PID lookup tables and 4 CW lookup tables are arranged in the FPGA and respectively correspond to 4 tuner channels. The working processing flow of the FPGA is as follows:
1, receiving 4 paths of TS streams output by 4 tuners by an FPGA;
analyzing the TS content by the FPGA, releasing and filtering a specific PID packet, and forwarding the TS packet related to the encryption information to an STM32 single chip microcomputer;
the FPGA receives the CW calculated by the singlechip, and sends the CW to a general descrambler module according to an internal PID lookup table and a CW lookup table to complete descrambling of the specific video and audio data;
and 4, receiving the PSI data packet sent by the single chip microcomputer by a table insertion module of the FPGA, putting the PSI data packet into a cache, and inserting the PSI data packet into the TS stream to complete the reconstruction of the TS program table information.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a system for processing programs of multiple transponders by using an integrated conditional access module, including a tuner, an FPGA, a controller, a smart card and a modulator, wherein an output terminal of the tuner is connected to an input terminal of the FPGA, the FPGA is connected to the controller, the controller is connected to the smart card, and an output terminal of the FPGA is connected to the modulator; the controller is used for analyzing the program identifier values of the authorization control information and the authorization management information, sending effective data to the intelligent card to complete authorization and obtain control words, and sending the control words of the program to the FPGA in real time, wherein the FPGA is used for descrambling video and audio data.
The controller firstly analyzes the type of the smart card in the slot of the smart card, analyzes the authorization management information corresponding to the encryption system of the smart card in the original transmission stream, and sends the effective authorization management information data to the smart card in a specific format to finish the authorization of the smart card; and meanwhile, analyzing the transport stream to obtain program identifier data which are scrambled, analyzing the program identifier of the authorization control information data stream corresponding to the program identifier, receiving the authorization control information data, sending effective data in the authorization control information to the intelligent card, receiving a control word returned by the intelligent card, and sending the control word to the FPGA in real time.
The input end of the high-frequency head is connected with the satellite receiving antenna, and the high-frequency head is used for receiving high-frequency signals and demodulating video information.
Claims (8)
1. A system for processing programs of a plurality of repeaters by an integrated condition receiving module is characterized by comprising a tuner, an FPGA, a controller, an intelligent card and a modulator, wherein the output end of the tuner is connected with the input end of the FPGA; the controller is used for analyzing the program identifiers of the authorization control information and the authorization management information, sending effective data to the intelligent card to complete authorization and obtain control words, and sending the control words of the program to the FPGA in real time, wherein the FPGA is used for descrambling video and audio data; the controller firstly analyzes the type of the intelligent card in the intelligent card slot, analyzes the authorization management information corresponding to the intelligent card encryption system in the original transmission stream, and sends the effective authorization management information data to the intelligent card in a specific format to finish the authorization of the intelligent card; and meanwhile, analyzing the transport stream to obtain program identifier data which are scrambled, analyzing the program identifier of the authorization control information data stream corresponding to the program identifier, receiving the authorization control information data, sending effective data in the authorization control information to the intelligent card, receiving a control word returned by the intelligent card, and sending the control word to the FPGA in real time.
2. The system for processing multi-transponder programs according to claim 1, wherein the tuner has an input connected to the satellite receiving antenna, the tuner being configured to receive the high frequency signal and to demodulate the video information.
3. The system for processing programs of multi-repeaters as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller employs STM 32-series single-chip microcomputers, and 4 tuners are provided.
4. The system for processing programs for multiple repeaters as recited in claim 3, wherein the FPGA receives 4 transport streams outputted by the 4 tuners;
the FPGA analyzes the transmission stream content, passes and filters the program identifier packet, and simultaneously forwards the transmission stream packet related to the encrypted information to the singlechip;
the FPGA receives the control words sent by the singlechip, and sends the control words to the FGPA universal descrambler module according to the internal program identifier lookup table and the control word lookup table to descramble scrambled video and audio data;
and the table insertion module of the FPGA receives the PSI data packet sent by the singlechip and puts the PSI data packet into a cache, and inserts the PSI data packet into a transport stream to complete the reconstruction of the program table information of the transport stream.
5. The method for processing the program of the multi-repeater by the integrated conditional access module based on the system of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the specific process is as follows:
initializing a system, and receiving configuration data;
configuring an electronic tuner according to the frequency point symbol rate parameters, enabling the electronic tuner to output digital television baseband signal transmission streams, and reading the normalized signal quality;
initializing the smart card, reading ATR, recognizing several smart cards and recording the conditional access system identification of the smart card;
analyzing whether the programs of each channel are encrypted or not, acquiring authorization control information corresponding to the encrypted programs, and acquiring a program identifier value of the authorization management information;
all program identifiers are released, a PSI packet is inserted into the FGPA every 10 milliseconds, and the unencrypted and unscrambled programs are transmitted.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the single chip microcomputer firstly transmits a command through the SPI interface to set a parameter of 0x0000 in the program identifier look-up table to 3, and receives program association table data;
then, carrying out splicing analysis processing to obtain a program identifier and a corresponding service descriptor of each program mapping table in the channel;
obtaining each program mapping table in the same way, analyzing whether the program mapping table contains an encryption descriptor matched with the smart card conditional access system or not, and obtaining a program identifier corresponding to the authorization control information; and setting the audio and video program identifier of the encrypted program and the program identifier value corresponding to the authorization control information in the program identifier lookup table of the FPGA, and analyzing the CAT table to obtain the program identifier value of the authorization management information.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the FPGA descrambles the scrambled data based on the CSA general descrambling algorithm, which is as follows:
the FPGA receives a transmission stream output by the tuner;
analyzing the transmission stream content, releasing and filtering the program identifier packet, and simultaneously forwarding the transmission stream packet related to the encrypted information to the single chip microcomputer;
the FPGA receives the control words sent by the singlechip, and sends the control words to the general descrambler module according to the internal program identifier lookup table and the control word lookup table to complete descrambling of the video and audio data;
and the table insertion module of the FPGA receives the PSI data packet sent by the singlechip and puts the PSI data packet into a cache, and inserts the PSI data packet into a transport stream to complete the reconstruction of the program table information of the transport stream.
8. The method of an integrated conditional access module for processing a multi-repeater program according to claim 5, wherein for storing and managing original entitlement control information and entitlement management information data, two-level storage is used to store and manage the original entitlement control information and entitlement management information data; the first stage stores authorization control information and authorization management information data in a 188-byte transport stream packet format, which are sent by an FPGA (field programmable gate array) in a direct memory access mode, adds a byte content behind effective data to indicate which channel the data belongs to, discards repeated data, adds an identifier at the tail of the effective data which needs to be sent to an intelligent card for processing to indicate which channel the authorization control information belongs to, fills a control word obtained by decryption into which part of a control word lookup table in the FPGA, and whether to decrypt video and audio corresponding to SID (security identification); then, the processed effective authorization control information data is put into a second-level storage to wait for being sent to the smart card; because the smart card calculates the control word serially, the next entitlement control message can only be processed after processing one entitlement control message data to obtain the control word.
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