Summary of the invention
In order to satisfy the requirement of neodymium iron boron Machining of Curved Surface, the present invention provides a kind of multi-line cutting machine and control method thereof of cutting curved surface.
Basic ideas of the present invention are: on the position of the cutting material fixed platform that has multi-line cutting machine now; Increase a Y direction motion execution unit (being the sliding platform that moves forward and backward along Y direction) of carrying out the control action order; In the control system of lathe, increase Y direction drive motors and drive circuit; Carry out Program for Calculation according to the curved surface parameter when increasing the curved surface parameter in the inside of control device function being set with cutting and send advancing/back-off instruction to the Y direction motor-drive circuit; Like this; In the process of cutting, change in rule through changing cutter wire and the relative position of material cutting to be cut on Y direction, realize being cut the curved surface cutting control of material.
A kind of multi-line cutting machine that cuts curved surface; Comprise the feed mechanism, retractable cable mechanism, steel wire tension guiding mechanism, sandblast conveying mechanism, controlling organization and the control circuit that move up and down along Z-direction; The feed mechanism that moves up and down along Z-direction comprises slide device, the drive unit that Z-direction moves up and down; It is characterized in that: a sliding platform that moves forward and backward along Y direction is installed on the slide device that Z-direction moves up and down; The feed mechanism that sliding platform that Y direction moves forward and backward and Z-direction move up and down is worked in coordination with and is moved, and realizes the curved surface cutting.
The sliding platform that described Y direction moves forward and backward is made up of lower installation board, last charging plate, sliding guide mechanism, Poewr transmission mechanism, between lower installation board and the last charging plate sliding guide mechanism and Poewr transmission mechanism is set.
Described on the feed mechanism that moves up and down along Z-direction, being equipped with measured the measurement mechanism that Z-direction moves up and down displacement.
Described measurement mechanism is the grating rule displacement sensor.
Described sliding guide mechanism is feed screw nut assembly and guide rail slide block assembly.
Described Poewr transmission mechanism is that the output shaft of stepper motor is provided with driving wheel, and driving wheel connects driven pulley through belt, and driven pulley is installed in an end of leading screw.
Described feed screw nut assembly is made up of leading screw and nut, and the guide rail slide block assembly is made up of guide rail and slide block.
The described sliding platform that moves forward and backward along Y direction is the manual slip workbench or the workbench that slides automatically.
Described automatic slip workbench comprises base, sliding plate, is provided with slide block, leading screw, stepper motor above the base; The output shaft of stepper motor is provided with driving wheel; Driving wheel connects driven pulley through belt, and driven pulley is installed in an end of leading screw, is provided with feed screw nut, slide rail below the sliding plate; Slide rail is arranged in the groove of slide block, and feed screw nut is arranged on the leading screw.
Described manual slip workbench comprises base, sliding plate, is provided with slide block, leading screw above the base, is provided with feed screw nut, slide rail below the sliding plate, and slide rail is arranged in the groove of slide block, and feed screw nut is arranged on the leading screw.
Y direction described in the present invention is meant the silk screen plane that is parallel to multi-line cutting machine and perpendicular to the loading platform travel direction, fore-and-aft direction moves.
Described Z-direction is meant perpendicular to the silk screen plane of multi-line cutting machine and perpendicular to the loading platform travel direction, promptly above-below direction moves.
The present invention also comprises and matching used PLC core processing unit of the present invention and control program thereof.
The curved surface cutting of indication of the present invention is two-dimentional curved surface.
A kind of control method of cutting the multi-line cutting machine of curved surface; It is characterized in that comprising following operating procedure: the position data that set curved surface parameter to be cut, start-up control system, draw setting cutting path sketch map, start the cutting operation start button, the cycle is read the grating chi, drafting cutting real time position sketch map; Described curved surface parameter to be cut comprises that subsequent corrosion, home position are then or the wide or central angle of the string of the outside and product to be cut; In cutting process, control the displacement of sliding platform before and after the Y direction, realize the curved surface cutting of multi-line cutting machine according to the incision that moves up of Z-direction, the displacement that withdraws from that moves down and curved surface parameter to be cut.
Promptly set after the feed speed that Z-direction moves up and down; The feed speed that feed speed moves up and down with Z-direction before and after the Y direction is a parameter, carries out Y direction front and back feeding---rollback control according to the parameter (radius R, the wide W of string, mistake are cut dimension D) of cut surface; The feed speed that simultaneously Z-direction is moved up and down is set in control device, and control device carries out the motion control of feeding and rollback according to parameter.
Concrete control is coordinated: the adjustment Z-direction just in time contacts on the surface that is cut material cutter wire to the height of top offset, and rollback is 0 ~ 0.06 millimeter then, prepares cutting.
Press start key, and then press sliding platform feeding start key before and after the Y direction then, Z-direction upwards, Y direction feed arrangement setting in motion forward.Displacement before and after the Z-direction upper and lower displacement amount=cutting speed * clipping time, Y direction carries out the motion control of feeding or rollback according to the variable quantity of Z-direction upper and lower displacement amount.
When accident is suspended in cutting process, press after the pause function key, press the Pause key of Y direction front and back sliding platform immediately.During the recovery cutting, press and continue the continuation cutting key that the cutting key is pressed Y direction front and back sliding platform afterwards immediately, accomplish until cutting.
Basic parameter in the cutting process has: radius R (millimeter), width H (millimeter), cutter stitch W (millimeter), tolerance upper limit G (millimeter), cutting speed V (mm/second), t clipping time (second), cross and cut size GQ (mm).
The present invention is before cutting; The flitch that is bonded with material cutting to be cut is fixed on the sliding platform that moves forward and backward along Y direction, and the sliding platform that moves up then and move forward and backward along Y direction just in time contacts on the surface of material cutting to be cut cutter wire; And steel wire just in time is positioned on the position of preparing cutting; Inspection confirms that arc radius, home position (+Y direction or-Y direction), string are wide, cross cutting parameter such as the amount of cutting, and confirms to press after errorless the beginning key of control device, restarts cutting; Until completion, the two-dimentional curved surface of accomplishing that is that cuts.
Cutting efficiency of the present invention is high, precision is high, fineness good.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the feed mechanism that Z-direction moves up and down in the embodiment of the invention one.
Fig. 2 is the structure chart that Fig. 1 sees from another direction.
Fig. 3 is the cutting control operation block diagram of the embodiment of the invention one, two.
Fig. 4 is the cutting control operation block diagram of the embodiment of the invention three.
Fig. 5 is the cutting control operation block diagram of the embodiment of the invention four.
Fig. 6 is the cutting control operation block diagram of the embodiment of the invention five.
Fig. 7 be the present invention calculate the amount of moving that Z, Y axle position control cycle period end should reach the calculating principle like figure.
Above-mentionedly respectively cut solid box in the control operation block diagram and be indispensable basic function, frame of broken lines shows the miscellaneous function of cutting process for signal.
Among the figure, 1, the Z-direction sliding plate, 2, slide rail, 3, motor, 4, leading screw; 5, feed screw nut, 6, slide block, 7, screw, 8, the grating rule displacement sensor, 9, grating rule displacement sensor seat; 10, fixed head, 11, base, 12, the guide rail slide block assembly, 13, driving wheel; 14, sliding plate, 15, the feed screw nut assembly, 16, motor, 17, leading screw.
Embodiment one: (Z-direction dress grating chi, the Y axle is not adorned the grating chi)
Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2; Present embodiment be on existing multi-line cutting machine, carry out improved; Be to be rigidly connected on the material conveying platform of the feed mechanism that moves up and down along Z-direction of existing multi-line cutting machine a sliding platform that moves forward and backward along Y direction is installed, this sliding platform comprises base, guide rail slide block assembly, feed screw nut assembly, sliding plate, and sliding plate is positioned at the top of base and is connected with the guide rail slide block assembly through the feed screw nut assembly with base; The feed screw nut assembly is made up of leading screw and feed screw nut; The guide rail slide block assembly is made up of slide rail and slide block, and wherein the top of base is equipped with slide block through bolt, through bolt the leading screw seat is installed on the base; The leading screw seat is provided with leading screw, is provided with feed screw nut, slide rail below the sliding plate.One end of leading screw is connected with driven pulley, and driven pulley is connected through passing to drive with driving wheel, and driving wheel is arranged on the output shaft of synchronous motor.
The feed mechanism that moves up and down along Z-direction comprises sliding plate 1, fixed head 10, and fixed head 10 is provided with motor 3, and leading screw 4 is installed on the output shaft of motor 3, and feed screw nut 5 is arranged on the leading screw 4, and feed screw nut 5 is rigidly connected with sliding plate 1.Be installed with slide block 6 on the sliding plate 1, be installed with slide rail 2 on the fixed head 10, slide block 6 is used with slide rail 2.The sliding platform that moves forward and backward along Y direction is arranged on the top of sliding plate 1.
On the sliding plate 1 of the feed mechanism that moves up and down along Z-direction grating rule displacement sensor seat 9 is installed, on the fixed head 10 of the feed mechanism that moves up and down along Z-direction grating rule displacement sensor 8 is installed.
The cutting control operation step of present embodiment comprise set curved surface parameter to be cut, start the Y direction mobile control system, draw set the cutting path sketch map, start the cutting operation start button, position data, calculation control Y direction that the cycle is read the Z-direction measurement mechanism move the displacement of advancing, draw cutting real time position sketch map.Its concrete steps are:
1, material processed to be cut is placed on the sliding platform that moves forward and backward along Y direction, the height of adjustment Z-direction sliding plate just in time contacts material with steel wire;
2, rollback is 0.03 millimeter, and by the start key of lower edge Y direction sliding platform control device, this moment, Y direction sliding platform control device was in the tracking mode of Z-direction sliding plate location variation then;
3, cutting parameter, cutting curved surface parameter, wherein cutting parameter are set on operating control device: steel wire tension is 28 Ns (steel wires that diameter is 0.18 millimeter); The feed speed of sliding plate 1 is 6 millimeters/hour; Back and forth the steel wire movement velocity is 400 meters/minute; The steel wire reciprocating motion time is 20 seconds; Crossing the amount of cutting is 1 millimeter; New silk feed speed is 12 meters/minute; Cutting curved surface parameter: material width is that sliding plate 1 moves up 24 millimeters, and the cutting radius is 18.4 millimeters, and the material maximum allowance is 0.08 millimeter; Tile thickness is be spaced apart 3 millimeters of sheave steel wire, and the selection spacing is 3.24 millimeters a sheave;
4, the pipeline of beginning mortar pump is pressed the cutting start key after mortar is normal;
Begin after the cutting; Read that (the displacement read cycle of sliding plate is 5 ~ 1000 milliseconds the grating chi cycle that the displacement of sliding plate 1 is installed in the feed mechanism that moves up and down along Z-direction; This example is selected 50 milliseconds), after control device reads the displacement of sliding plate, according to the sliding platform displacement that moves forward and backward along Y direction of curved surface calculation of parameter needs; The sliding platform displacement that moves forward and backward along Y direction according to calculating carries out displacement control to stepper motor driver.
Embodiment two: the driving of the sliding platform that moves forward and backward along Y direction of present embodiment is adopted manually; It is different with embodiment one is that the end of leading screw of the feed screw nut assembly of the sliding platform that moves forward and backward along Y direction is provided with handle; Do not establish synchronous motor, driven pulley, driving wheel and driven belt, other structure is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: (Z axle, Y direction are all adorned the grating chi)
What present embodiment and embodiment one were different is that a cover grating rule displacement sensor is installed on the sliding platform that moves forward and backward along Y direction, and in order to detect the advance data of displacement of Y direction, other structure is identical with embodiment one.
Its control model is to read the Z-direction cutting amount of feeding with the grating rule displacement sensor, and the operating procedure of calculating the control model of the Y direction amount of feeding is: position data, the calculation control Y direction that set curved surface parameter to be cut, start the Y direction mobile control system, draw setting cutting path sketch map, start the cutting operation start button, the cycle is read the Z-direction measurement mechanism moves the displacement of advancing, draws cutting real time position sketch map.
Its concrete steps are:
1, material processed to be cut is placed on the sliding platform that moves forward and backward along Y direction, the height of adjustment Z-direction sliding plate just in time contacts material with steel wire;
2, rollback is 0.03 millimeter, and by the start key of lower edge Y direction sliding platform control device, this moment, Y direction sliding platform control device was in the tracking mode of Z-direction sliding plate location variation then;
3, cutting parameter, cutting curved surface parameter, wherein cutting parameter are set on operating control device: steel wire tension is 28 Ns (steel wires that diameter is 0.18 millimeter); The feed speed of sliding plate 1 is 6 millimeters/hour; Back and forth the steel wire movement velocity is 400 meters/minute; The steel wire reciprocating motion time is 20 seconds; Crossing the amount of cutting is 1 millimeter; New silk feed speed is 12 meters/minute; Cutting curved surface parameter: material width is that sliding plate 1 moves up 24 millimeters, and the cutting radius is 18.4 millimeters, and the material maximum allowance is 0.08 millimeter; Tile thickness is be spaced apart 3 millimeters of sheave steel wire, and the selection spacing is 3.24 millimeters a sheave;
4, the pipeline of beginning mortar pump is pressed the cutting start key after mortar is normal;
Begin after the cutting; Read that (the displacement read cycle of sliding plate is 5 ~ 1000 milliseconds the grating chi cycle that the displacement of sliding plate 1 is installed in the feed mechanism that moves up and down along Z-direction; This example is selected 50 milliseconds); The physical location of the sliding plate that Y direction moves is set at the grating rule displacement sensor that Y direction moves and reads; After control device read the displacement number, according to the Y direction displacement of curved surface calculation of parameter needs, the stepper motor driver that Y direction is moved according to the Y axial displacement amount of calculating carried out displacement control then.Its cutting parameter, curved surface parameter, sheave spacing (tile thickness) are with embodiment one.
When beginning to cut, the position data that reads grating rule displacement sensor that Z-direction moves, grating rule displacement sensor that Y direction moves first is defined as start position data, promptly begins to read and preserve this data value in the cutting.
The control computing cycle: the setting of control internal system, the control monitoring calculation cycle is 50 milliseconds.
The calculating principle of calculating the amount of moving that Z, Y direction displacement control cycle period end should reach is as shown in Figure 7:
In Fig. 7, ZR is the height and position in Z-direction, and Z00 is that the Z axle when beginning to cut cuts the position, and Z0, Y0 are respectively Z, the Y shaft position value in the last end of term in week, and Z1, Y1 are respectively this cycle position of end of term Z, Y axle not,
Z axial displacement amount is according to the parameter value control of setting; Δ Z=Z0-Z1
Y1=Y
d×[√
—(R×R—(Z0—ZR)×(Z0—ZR))—
Y00]
Y wherein
dValue be 1 o'clock home position in the inboard, intrados is inside, Y
dValue for-1 o'clock home position of determining in the outside, intrados is outside.Y
dDefault value be+1, promptly numerical value 1.
Embodiment four: (Z axle, Y direction are not all installed the grating chi)
What present embodiment and embodiment one were different is not establish the grating rule displacement sensor, and other structure is identical with embodiment one.The operating procedure of its control model is: set curved surface parameter to be cut, start the Y direction mobile control system, draw set the cutting path sketch map, start the cutting operation start button, start-up time counter, cycle read calculate Z axle sliding plate displacement, calculating, control Y direction advance displacement, draw cutting real time position sketch map.
The cutting control operation step of present embodiment and control coordinate: the adjustment Z-direction just in time contacts on the surface that is cut material cutter wire to the height of top offset, and rollback is 0 ~ 0.06 millimeter then, prepares cutting.
Press start key, and then press sliding platform feeding start key before and after the Y direction then, Z-direction upwards, Y direction feed arrangement setting in motion forward.Displacement before and after the Z-direction upper and lower displacement amount=cutting speed * clipping time, Y direction carries out the motion control of feeding or rollback according to the variable quantity of Z-direction upper and lower displacement amount.
When accident is suspended in cutting process, press after the pause function key, press the Pause key of Y direction front and back sliding platform immediately.During the recovery cutting, press and continue the continuation cutting key that the cutting key is pressed Y direction front and back sliding platform afterwards immediately, accomplish until cutting.
Basic parameter in the cutting process has: radius R (millimeter), width H (millimeter), cutter stitch W (millimeter), tolerance upper limit G (millimeter), cutting speed V (mm/second), t clipping time (second), cross and cut size GQ (mm).
In Fig. 7, ZR is the height and position in the Z direction, and Z00 is that the Z axle when beginning to cut cuts the position, and Z0, Y0 are respectively Z, the Y shaft position value in the last end of term in week, and Z1, Y1 are respectively this cycle position of end of term Z, Y axle not,
Z axial displacement amount is according to the parameter value control of setting; Δ Z=Z0-Z1
ΔY=Y
d×[√
—(R×R—(Z0—ZR)?×(Z0—ZR))—√
—(R×R—(Z1—ZR)?×(Z1—ZR))]
Y1=Y
d×[√
—(R×R—(Z0—ZR)?×(Z0—ZR))—
Y00]
Y wherein
dValue be 1 o'clock home position in the inboard, intrados is inside, Y
dValue for-1 o'clock home position of determining in the outside, intrados is outside.Y
dDefault value be+1, promptly numerical value 1.
Cutting parameter: 28 Ns of steel wire tensions (steel wire that diameter is 0.18 millimeter); Z axle feed speed is selected 6 millimeters/hour; Back and forth the steel wire movement velocity is 400 meters/minute; Steel wire moves back and forth 20 seconds time; Cross 1 millimeter of the amount of cutting; 4 ~ 40 meters/minute of new silk feed speeds; The material cut speed of present embodiment is 12 meters/minute.
Cutting curved surface parameter: 24 millimeters of material width (Z axle height), 18.4 millimeters of cutting radiuses, 0.08 millimeter of material maximum allowance.
Tile thickness is: 3 millimeters, the selection spacing is 3.24 millimeters a sheave.
If this kind cut mode is suspended in operation, can produce with time the error of the Z reference axis displacement that is transfer function.
Embodiment five: present embodiment will be controlled the system integration in multi-line cutting machine.Be about to the control system of Y direction mobile platform; On function, be integrated in the control system of multi-line cutting machine; Operation interface in the control system increases curved surface parameter input function key (perhaps choice menus); Get into parameter by curved surface parametric surface input menu or function key the page is set, the curved surface parameter is provided with content and comprises cutting radius, material width (string is wide), crosses the amount of cutting, maximum allowance.
Before beginning cutting; Material processed to be cut is positioned over the sliding platform that moves along Y direction; The height of adjustment Z-direction sliding plate just in time contacts material with steel wire, the Huis moves back 0.03 millimeter then; Open the pipeline of mortar pump then, after mortar is normal, press the cutting start key and begin cutting until completion.
The mechanism of the execution unit of embodiment five is identical with embodiment three, and according to the curved surface parameter, the stepper motor to Z-direction and Y direction sends the instruction of advancing respectively at the PLC core processing unit of concrete control system.Concrete: 1) increase curved surface parameter setup menu (menu) at operation interface; 2) in the inner calculating that increases bent Z axial displacement amount of control module); 3) on control structure, increase X shaft step motor drive circuit.