CN102225428B - Method for improving electrokinetic remediation efficiency of polluted soil and groundwater by artificial focusing - Google Patents
Method for improving electrokinetic remediation efficiency of polluted soil and groundwater by artificial focusing Download PDFInfo
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- CN102225428B CN102225428B CN201110082498.7A CN201110082498A CN102225428B CN 102225428 B CN102225428 B CN 102225428B CN 201110082498 A CN201110082498 A CN 201110082498A CN 102225428 B CN102225428 B CN 102225428B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000009393 electroremediation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 74
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical group [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
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- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electrokinetic remediation method of polluted soil and groundwater; according to the method, by using the trapping effect of ion-induced voltage well, artificial high-conductance soil is established between a cathode and an anode so as to prepare an artificial focusing zone; upriver pollutants are entrapped in the artificial focusing zone, and downriver pollutants still migrate into the electrode working fluid for removal. The artificial focusing zone rich in pollutants is excavated, and is treated and disposed by a transposition method. The advantages of the method are that: the migration distance and time of upriver pollutants of the artificial focusing zone are shortened, and thus the time, energy consumption and related cost of the electrokinetic remediation of the whole field are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly based on ion induction voltage trap trapping effect (Ion-induced potential well trappingeffect), at desired location, artificially manufacture and focus on phenomenon to improve the method for contaminated soil and underground water electrokinetic remediation efficiency.
Background technology
When the waste water producing and solid waste enter soil, can cause the pollution of soil and groundwater in industrial processes, while changing the lands used such as inhabitation, agricultural into when this place, must carry out the reparation of soil and groundwater, eliminate pollutant wherein.
The main method of soil and groudwater remediation has: (1) physics reparation: physical separation reparation, curing/stabilizing reparation, steam lixiviate reparation, electronic reparation etc.; (2) chemistry is repaired: chemical leaching reparation, extraction reparation, high temperature incineration reparation, redox reparation etc.; (3) biological prosthetic: preparation bed method, soil are piled rotten method, mud bioreactor method, soil cultivating method etc.Whether according to soil, will excavate, these technology can be divided into original position (in situ) recovery technique and dystopy (ex situ) recovery technique.Based technique for in-situ remediation can be divided into again in-situ treatment technology and in-situ control technology.In-situ treatment technology refers to by methods such as physics, chemistry, biologies and in position pollutant is removed from soil and groundwater; And in-situ control technology refers in the certain area that by the whole bag of tricks, pollutant is limited in to original position and stops it to external diffusion.Showering technology refer to contaminated soil is dug out from original position in the venue somewhere or place, repair somewhere or control landfill.
Electric repairing technique is to utilize electrochemical principle (Fig. 1), positive electrode 4 and negative electrode 5 are inserted in two ends at contaminated soil 1,2,3, form DC electric field, under electric field action, pollutant in soil and groundwater (being mainly the heavy metal contaminants existing with ionic state) is according to the charged difference of institute separately and to two electrodes migrations (being electromigration), finally enter in electrode working solution, realize the object that pollutant is removed from soil and groundwater.Electric repairing technique is used usually used as based technique for in-situ remediation.
When adopting electric repairing technique to carry out original position while repairing to contaminated soil and underground water; conventionally can focus on phenomenon 2 (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2); that is: target contaminant some region 2 in repairing place is gathered; cause these regional pollution substrate concentrations extremely to increase, can be up to the several times of concentration before electronic reparation.The position that focal zone occurs and the initial distribution situation of pollutant levels there is no direct relation, that is: the region that heavy metal initial concentration is high might not be the position that focal zone occurs.The uncertainty that focal position occurs and ultrahigh concentration are that examination sampling and the evaluation work after site remediation brought huge difficulty.In addition, the translational speed of focal zone is very slow, and the translational speed well below heavy metal at non-focusing band causes whole field electric to extend also corresponding increase several times of several times, power consumption repair time.The research of electronic reparation is the history of existing nearly three more than ten years so far, and laboratory research has a large amount of successful cases, but seldom sees practical implementation, and the unstability of repairing effect on the spot, expense and time that focusing phenomenon causes is its one of the main reasons.For the rarely seen particular study of mechanism that focuses on phenomenon and produce, be commonly considered as due to heavy metal ion in transition process with OH
-ion or other anion react and generate the result of precipitation, as long as but this cannot explain and applies sufficiently high voltage, conduction time long enough, focal zone is the slow phenomenon of displacement (sediment is electroneutral, is can be at displacement under electric field action) still.Applicant is through long-term studies have shown that, in electronic repair process, the formation of focal zone 2 is not a kind of chemical reaction phenomenon, but a kind of physical phenomenon, only in heavy metal ion, by low electricity, leading region 1 electromigration enters the in the situation that high electricity being led region 3 and just can occur, the intersection 3 in Liang Ge region, position.This is to lead region 1 and high electricity and lead region 3 for series relationship due to the low electricity between anode 4 and negative electrode 5, the voltage gradient that causes low electricity to be led on region 1 is led region 3 higher than high electricity, and heavy metal ion electromigration speed in soil is directly proportional to the voltage gradient (electric-field intensity) being applied on soil, therefore, when heavy metal ion is when from high-voltage gradient region, (low electricity is led region 1) electromigration enters low-voltage gradient region (being that high electricity is led region 3), migration velocity is fallen suddenly, at the intersection 2 in two regions, assemble and form focal zone (just as automobile enters suddenly slow lane formation traffic congestion phenomenon from fast traffic lane).It is larger that the electricity in Yu Di electricity Dao district, Gao electricity Dao district is led difference, focuses on phenomenon more serious, and the electricity in Gao electricity Dao district leads greatlyr, and the movement of focal zone is slower.But if heavy metal ion is while entering high-voltage gradient region (low electricity is led region 1) from low-voltage gradient region (being that high electricity is led region 3) electromigration, just can not focus on phenomenon (can not form traffic congestion phenomenon just as automobile enters suddenly fast traffic lane from slow lane).
This soil conductivity causing due to the difference of soil water intermediate ion concentration is different, and then causes the situation that in electronic reparation, voltage gradient is different to be referred to as ion induction voltage trap trapping effect (ion-induced potential well trapping effect).
In the situation that moisture content is identical, the height of soil conductivity mainly determines by the total concentration of soil water intermediate ion, and these ions comprise: K
+, Na
+, Mg
2+, Ca
2+, Mn
2+, Cl
-, SO
4 2-, NO
3 -deng and as the heavy metal ion of repairing target contaminant.Conventionally, heavy metal ion is shared ratio very low (a few percent to ten thousand/several) therein, therefore, only relies on the concentration of target heavy metal ion generally can not judge the height of soil conductivity, needs actual measurement.
Natural place is because the inequality of soil physico-chemical property causes its soil conductivity distribution also inhomogeneous, after factory has been built in ground on the scene, impact due to construction and blowdown, the inhomogeneities that whole place electricity is led distribution further strengthens, therefore, in the electronic repair process of contaminated soil and underground water, focus on phenomenon or light or important place ubiquity.
In addition,, if the control of electrode working solution is improper in electronic repair process, also can cause generation near soil electrode to focus on phenomenon (Fig. 2).In electrode working solution 6, add electrolytical main purpose be for conduct electricity or in and electrolysate (as: H
+ion and OH
-ion).If but electrolyte concentration height, can cause the amount of electrolyte that is diffused into electrode district soil by electrode working solution 6 to be greater than the amount that is diffused into electrode working solution 6 by electrode district soil, near the soil conductivity of electrode is raise, form Gao electricity Dao district 3.When this electricity is led rising amplitude when larger, will near electrode, in soil, there is significantly to focus on phenomenon 2.
Although it is very harmful to electronic reparation to focus on phenomenon, but after understanding its genesis mechanism, also can utilize its mechanism between two electrodes, to manufacture artificially focal zone, in the situation that not increasing number of electrodes, shorten the time of electronic reparation, improve electrokinetic remediation efficiency and reduce rehabilitation expense.
Summary of the invention
The method that the present invention proposes is to lead soil belt 3 according to building an artificial high electricity between anode that Fig. 3 is shown in 4 and negative electrode 5, and leads soil belt 3 interior installation original position dynamic sampling device 7 (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4) at this artificial high electricity.After energising, at artificial high electricity, lead soil belt 3 and form artificial focusing band 2 (Fig. 3) with native soil 1 intersection, and this focal zone 2 is led the interior movement in soil belt 3 to artificial high electricity gradually, while to the last soon leading soil belt 3 through artificial high electricity, stop energising, artificial high electricity is led to soil belt 3 and all take out, change another new artificial high electricity and lead soil belt 3 and proceed electronic reparation, until think that the electronic reparation of soil 1 has reached target setting.The heavy metal contaminants that the method makes artificial high electricity lead 3 upstreams, soil belt is trapped and is enriched to artificial high electricity and leads in soil belt 3, needn't continue to move to electrode 5 again; The heavy metal contaminants that simultaneously artificial high electricity is led 3 downstreams, soil belt is still and moves to electrode 5 and be removed.If it is substantially even that the electricity of soil 1 is led with heavy metal pollution concentration profile, artificial high electricity is set two electrode middles and leads soil belt 3 and can shorten in theory the electronic repair time of one times.Can between anode 4 and negative electrode 5, build as required a plurality of artificial high electricity and lead soil belt 3, further to shorten electronic repair time.
Artificial high electricity is led soil belt 3 and is used the soil of same court to prepare as original soil.Soil is dug out in the place of leading soil belt 3 at the artificial high electricity of plan construction, then in the soil digging out, adds electrolyte, and its electricity is led increases by 1～10 times.The height electricity configuring is led to soil backfill compacting builds up artificial high electricity and leads soil belt 3.The preparation original soil that artificial high electricity is led soil belt 3 also can adopt the lower soil of other local infiltration coefficients in the soil that digs out while building electrode cell 6 or place.For convenience of taking out, the permeable fabrics of high strength such as available geotextiles, nylon cloth are put into soil compacting after the height electricity of preparation is led to soil parcel again.
By Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, be shown in artificial high electricity and lead soil belt 3 interior installation original position dynamic sampling device 7, be used for dynamic monitoring focal zone 2 forward positions mobile situation in artificial high electricity is led soil belt.When monitoring focal zone forward position and approached artificial high electricity and lead soil belt downstream end face, stop energising, artificial high electricity is led to soil belt and take out, change another new artificial high electricity and lead soil belt and proceed electronic reparation, until think that the electronic reparation of soil 1 has reached target setting.
Enrichment the processing of leading soil belt of the artificial high electricity of heavy metal with dispose the dystopy method that adopts.Can according to the actual conditions of various places be cured stabilisation landfill, cement kiln, drip washing, cement kiln mix and burn and recycling.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The electronic reparation focal zone of Fig. 1 soil and underground water forms principle schematic.
Near Fig. 2 electrode, soil focal zone forms schematic diagram.
The artificial high electricity of Fig. 3 is led soil belt set-up mode schematic diagram.
The artificial high electricity of Fig. 4 is led soil belt situ dynamic sampling device scheme of installation (top view)
The specific embodiment
(1) between anode 4 and negative electrode 5, dig out the artificial high electricity of installation and lead the hole in soil belt 3, and will cheat the end and cheat wall and repair smooth.
(2) with the soil digging out in this place, as original soil, prepare high electricity and lead soil, be backfilling into compacting in hole, form artificial high electricity and lead soil belt 3.According to field condition, if think and be necessary, can after leading the soil belt permeable geotextiles of 3 outer wrapping high strength or nylon cloth, artificial high electricity be installed to again in hole, to facilitate taking-up.
(3) at artificial high electricity, lead in soil belt 3, by the arrangement of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, original position dynamic sampling device 7 is installed.
(4) when being positioned at artificial high electricity and leading in 3 downstream end face of soil belt the 3rd group of original position dynamic sampling device 7 of (near the face of electrode 5) and monitor the forward position of focal zone 2, stop energising, whole artificial high electricity is led to soil belt 3 taking-ups to be processed, change another new artificial high electricity and lead soil belt 3 and proceed electronic reparation, until think that the electronic reparation of soil 1 has reached target setting.
(5) adopt dystopy method to enrichment the artificial high electricity of heavy metal lead soil belt 3 and process and disposal.Can according to the actual conditions of various places be cured stabilisation landfill, cement kiln, drip washing, cement kiln mix and burn or recycling.
Claims (2)
1. utilize artificial focusing to improve a method for contaminated soil and underground water electrokinetic remediation efficiency, it is characterized in that, between anode and negative electrode, build an artificial high electricity and lead soil belt, and lead original position dynamic sampling device is installed in soil belt at this artificial high electricity; In electronic repair process, artificial high electricity is led heavy metal contaminants in the soil of upstream, soil belt and is trapped and is enriched in artificial high electricity and leads in soil belt, forms artificial focusing band; Original position dynamic sampling device has three groups, first group is arranged on artificial high electricity and leads on the upstream face of soil belt, second group is arranged on artificial high electricity and leads in the middle of soil belt, the 3rd group is arranged on artificial high electricity and leads on the downstream face of soil belt, when monitoring the forward position of artificial focusing band for the 3rd group, stop energising, will whole artificial high electricity lead soil belt taking-up and process, reinstall a new artificial high electricity and lead soil belt and proceed electronic reparation; The artificial high electricity being removed is led soil belt and is carried out dystopy treatment and disposal, described processing can be solidify stabilisation landfill, drip washing, cement kiln mix burning; Artificial high electricity leads that heavy metal contaminants in the soil of downstream, soil belt moves to negative electrode or anode is removed.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, artificial high electricity is led soil belt and is used the soil of same court to prepare as original soil, soil is dug out in the place of leading soil belt at the artificial high electricity of plan construction, then in the soil digging out, add electrolyte, described electrolyte is sodium acetate and buffer solution thereof, sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, potassium phosphate, potassium sulfate, and its electricity is led increases by 1～10 times; The height electricity configuring is led to soil backfill compacting builds up artificial high electricity and leads soil belt; The thickness that artificial high electricity is led soil belt is 0.2～1.0m, and width is identical with the scope that every pair of electrode cell covers with the degree of depth; After leading the permeable geotextiles of soil belt outer wrapping high strength or nylon cloth, artificial high electricity is installed to again in soil, to facilitate taking-up.
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| CN104785505A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-07-22 | 重庆大学 | Method for removing heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash |
| CN105349153B (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2019-03-29 | 北京建工环境修复股份有限公司 | A kind of medicament and its preparation method and application for soil remediation |
| CN105834206A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-08-10 | 北京中岩大地科技股份有限公司 | Treatment method of contaminated soil |
| CN105728457B (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2019-07-26 | 江西省环境保护科学研究院 | A kind of soil Electroremediation local strengthening device and its application |
| CN105728456B (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2019-03-22 | 江西省环境保护科学研究院 | A method of improving contaminated soil Electroremediation efficiency |
| CN110387245B (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2021-06-08 | 浙江海洋大学 | Diesel oil contaminated soil remediation method based on conductivity |
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| Title |
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| 冯婷婷.电动修复土壤中重金属污染的改良方法.《广东微量元素科学》.2008,全文. * |
| 金春姬等.电动力学法修复土壤环境重金属污染的研究进展.《环境污染与防治》.2004,全文. * |
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