CN102223734A - Wireless communication network and communication method of same - Google Patents
Wireless communication network and communication method of same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication and discloses a wireless communication network and a communication method of the wireless communication network; the wireless communication network comprises a root node and a plurality of child nodes which have unique network addresses; the child nodes are used for being registered to the root node to build a routing table for reaching other nodes, and the routing table is utilized to realize information interaction with the root node. By utilizing the invention, the information interaction among all nodes in the network can be realized without depending on the service of a wireless operator or being limited by communication distance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology field, more particularly, relate to a kind of cordless communication network and communication means thereof.
Background technology
At present, along with improving constantly of national economy, electric utility has had unprecedented development, and the demand of electric power resource also increases rapidly.In the power business develop rapidly, each department to the demand of information technology also increasing, the development that is injected to electric utility of high-tech information technology provides strong basis and guarantee, it penetrates into each department, each link of electric power system, comprise production division, administrative department, planning department etc., for the normal operation of electric power enterprise provides efficient management service.
The electric power facility that electric power system is used has tangible characteristics in management, be exactly to be distributed in dispersedly in the specific geographic range (as a city or an area), and this has brought a lot of difficulties for the equipment control of electric power system.
In electric power system, adopt the remote meter reading mode to realize some are dispersed in the equipment control of different geographic ranges usually.Long-distance meter-reading system mainly is to finish watt metering or information gathering, information remote transmitting, daemon software processing and analyze three part tasks.The kilowatt meter reading-out system key problem in technology is to solve information remote transmitting, i.e. communication issue.
In the prior art, at the applied environment of wireless centralized automatic meter-reading complexity, can adopt the mode of radio communication to realize transmission of Information usually.
Message transmission for long distance, normally utilize GSM (global system for mobile communications)/GPRS (general packet radio service)/3G public networks such as (3G (Third Generation) Moblie technology), the information of gathering is sent to remote host, there is certain limitation in this mode, is mainly reflected in following several respects:
1. rely on the condition that service provider provides infrastructure service, the overlay area of different service provider is different with signal strength signal intensity;
2. every equipment all need dispose SIM (Subscriber Identity Module, subscriber identification module) card, and the telephone number that need monopolize takies public resource, can impact common communication;
3. every equipment all need dispose the gsm module of hundreds of yuan, unit cost height;
4. power consumption height, electric current reaches 300mA during operate as normal, and standby current also has 25mA, is not suitable for the powered battery occasion;
5. use the paying frequency range, need to common carrier payment a large amount of monthly rent and expensive communication cost.
For short-range message transmission, a kind of emerging wireless technology Zigbee (purple honeybee) is arranged at present, it be a kind of closely, low complex degree, low-power consumption, low data rate, radio network technique cheaply, be mainly used in wireless near field communication.
The frequency range that this communication mode takies is 2.4GHz, and is low in energy consumption, but transmission range is limited, probably about 100m, mainly is that indoor application is main generally.In addition, also there is following shortcoming in this communication mode:
(1),, produce interference easily mutually, and communication distance is shorter as WIFI (Wireless Fidelity, wireless compatibility authentication), bluetooth, wireless mouse etc. owing to the equipment that is operated in the 2.4GHz frequency range is more;
(2) agreement complexity, protocol stack overhead is big, and the binary code that process is optimized needs the program storage about 100KB, needs the big single-chip microcomputer of memory capacity, to the hardware requirement height, unit cost height.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of cordless communication network and communication means thereof at the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, does not need to rely on the cellular carrier service, can realize in the network the mutual of information between each node, and is not subjected to the restriction of communication distance.
For this reason, the embodiment of the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of cordless communication network comprises: root node and a plurality of child node, and described root node and each child node all have a unique network address;
Described child node is used to be registered to described root node, sets up the routing table that arrives other nodes, and utilizes the information interaction of described routing table realization and described root node.
Preferably, described child node, also be used for carrying out information interaction with other nodes, and in the network address of the packet that receives other nodes transmissions and destination address in the packet header and described child node not simultaneously, transmit described packet according to described routing table by sending packet.
Alternatively, each child node has or does not have the child node of oneself, and each child node has only a father node.
Preferably, described child node is a data acquisition equipment, is used for the data of acquisition instrument record, and is that packet sends to described root node with described data encapsulation;
Described root node is the data acquisition concentrator, is used to receive the data that described child node sends, and will sends to system server after the described data processing.
A kind of communication means of cordless communication network, described cordless communication network comprises: root node and a plurality of child node, described root node and each child node all have a unique network address; Described method comprises:
Described child node is registered to described root node, and sets up the routing table that arrives other nodes;
Receive the packet of other nodes transmissions when described child node after,, then transmit described packet according to described routing table if the destination address in the packet header is different with the network address of described child node.
Preferably, described child node is registered to described root node, and sets up the routing table that arrives other nodes and comprise:
Described child node sends broadcast and seeks neighbor node;
All neighbours' response messages that described child node basis is received are set up the neighbor table of oneself, comprise the network configuration information of other nodes and root node in described neighbours' response message, and described network configuration information comprises the network address and stratum level;
Described child node is selected a father node from the neighbor table of oneself, and sends registration message to described root node by described father node;
Described child node receives the registration reply message of described root node.
Preferably, described method also comprises:
Other nodes of receiving described broadcast increase to described child node in the neighbor table of oneself, and send neighbours' response message of the network configuration information of a network configuration information that comprises oneself and root node.
Preferably, described other nodes of receiving described broadcast neighbours' response message of sending the network configuration information of a network configuration information that comprises oneself and root node comprises:
Described other nodes of receiving described broadcast packet send neighbours' response message of the network configuration information of a network configuration information that comprises oneself and root node by the CSMA/CA agreement.
Preferably, described method also comprises:
When needs were deleted a child node from network, described root node sent to described child node and removes order;
Described child node receive described remove order after, if described child node does not have children, the own all-network configuration information of then described child node deletion sends to delete to described root node then and finishes response; If described child node has children, then described child node sends the response of deletion refusal to described root node.
Preferably, described child node is a data acquisition equipment, is used for the data of acquisition instrument record, and is that packet sends to described root node with described data encapsulation; Described root node is the data acquisition concentrator, is used to receive the data that described child node sends, and will sends to system server after the described data processing.
Embodiment of the invention cordless communication network and communication means thereof, realize multi-multipoint communication by the MANET mode, do not rely on the cellular carrier service, and each node has relay function, effectively spread radio communication distance and coverage can not be subjected to the restriction of communication distance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of networking schematic diagram of embodiment of the invention cordless communication network;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the communication means of embodiment of the invention cordless communication network;
Fig. 3 is the another kind of networking schematic diagram of embodiment of the invention cordless communication network;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart that child node is registered to root node in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is that the embodiment of the invention is applied to a long-distance meter-reading system under the electric power environmental.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand the scheme of the embodiment of the invention better, the embodiment of the invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, be a kind of networking schematic diagram of embodiment of the invention cordless communication network.
In this cordless communication network, each node interconnects in the mode of tree, comprises a plurality of child nodes of a root node DC and this root node subordinate, A1 to A3 as shown in FIG., B1 to B6, C1 to C5.Wherein, root node and each child node all have a unique network address, i.e. the MAC of this node (Media Access Control, medium access control) address.
In this cordless communication network, root node DC can have the child node of any amount, and each child node can have or not have the child node of oneself, and as shown in FIG., root node DC has three child node A1, A2, A3; Child node A1 has two sub-Node B 1, B2; Child node B1 has a child node C1; Child node C1 does not have child node.Node B 1 and C1 are the child nodes of node A1.In addition, the child node except root node DC has and has only a father node, and root node DC does not have father node.
In actual applications, each node in this cordless communication network can be a wireless terminal, and it not only can carry out radio communication with its neighbor node, but also has relay function,
Internodal communication mechanism adopts a cover to be similar to the shared radio-frequency channel of bus in this cordless communication network, and it has four layer protocol layers, and is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
Below the function of protocal layers is done simple declaration.
L1 is a physical layer, finishes the function of rf modulations demodulation, mainly comprises: carry out the detection of frame preamble word and synchronization character at receiving unit; Carry out the automatic interpolation of frame preamble word and synchronization character in the transmission part.
L2 is a data link layer, finish the frame processing capacity, mainly comprise: use CSMA/CA to realize that the node of more than one multiple access transmission/reception is right, carry out filtering frames and parsing at receiving unit, the packet that only allows to be complementary with local mac address is sent to L3 and handles, and carries out packet encapsulation, adds processing such as frame head automatically sending part.
L3 is a network layer, finish the bag processing capacity, mainly comprise: adopt the processing mode of similar L2 to carry out packet header at receiving unit and detect, to being delivered to L4 after the packet extraction order of destination address for this node, packet to non-node of destination address, turn back to the L2 transmission after upgrading route, the packet that can not find routing table will be dropped; Being sent to L2 after sending partly with the order interpolation packet header that receives from L4 sends.
L4 is an application layer, finishes order establishment/execution function, mainly comprises: resolve the order and the execution of receiving from L3 at receiving unit; Send part establishment order and be sent to L3.In this layer, some abnormality processing can be set, with problems such as the mistake that solves the order aspect, overtime and retries.
In this cordless communication network, according to the position of each node in network, distribute a stratum level, as shown in Figure 1, the rank of root node DC is the highest, is 0, and each child node of root node DC is according to the difference of level, and rank is respectively 1,2,3.As shown in FIG., the stratum level of child node A1, A2, A3 is 1, and the stratum level of child node B1 to B6 is 2, and the stratum level of child node C1 to C5 is 3.
Each node in this cordless communication network can be respectively as source node, destination node and routing node in the different time, wherein, described source node is meant the node of transmission information, destination node is the node of collecting mail and ceasing from the source node finger, and routing node is meant that the information that will receive is sent to destination node or next jumps the node of route.
At application layer, source node and destination node are come exchange message by sending packet, and a packet can be divided into packet header and inclusion two parts, and packet header has comprised destination address and source address information, and inclusion has comprised the information that will transmit.
The packet that each node in this cordless communication network sends at reality, need the support of bottom data link layer protocol, it need dress up data envelope the frame of the special format that has comprised recipient's physical address (being MAC Address), all nodes can be received Frame and carry out filtering frames, promptly check frame head, have only the recipient of this frame just to receive this frame, other recipients are not treated directly to be abandoned.The recipient removes frame head with the Frame that receives and obtains packet.Then, the packet header that receives by inspection, whether the node decision receives or transmits this packet to next node, if the destination address in the packet header is identical with recipient's address, then packet will be received, otherwise the clauses and subclauses that are complementary with destination address in the routing table that node inspection oneself is safeguarded are forwarded to destination address with this packet, if in routing table, do not find occurrence, then abandon this packet.Certainly, at this moment, described node also can be that source node is responded a packet that comprises similar " unrecognizable address " such information to the Bao Qizhe of packet, with the prompting mistake.
In this cordless communication network, can directly visit mutually between adjacent node, two adjacent nodes can be set up a kind of logical relation mutually becomes neighbours, and two neighbours adopt and visit mutually based on the radio-frequency channel of CSMA/CA.
In actual applications, the root node in the network needs pre-configured, when each child node adds network, is registered to described root node automatically, sets up the routing table that arrives other nodes, and utilizes the information interaction of described routing table realization and described root node.Each child node is carried out information interaction by sending packet with other nodes, and in the network address of the packet that receives other nodes transmissions and destination address in the packet header and described child node not simultaneously, transmits described packet according to described routing table.
In addition, in the cordless communication network of the embodiment of the invention, network management device can also be set, so that whole network is effectively managed, such as, finish malfunction monitoring, network configuration, performance monitoring, statistics functions such as (all operations being write down) such as mode with daily record.
The cordless communication network of the embodiment of the invention can be applied in the multiple environment, in the long-distance meter-reading system under the electric power environmental, the data acquisition concentrator is the central apparatus of long-distance meter-reading system, be communicated with main website and subscriber's meter, be installed on platform district step down side, collect the data of all tables, and store.Accept the request that the main website data report, transmit the order that main website gives collector or table, manage all tables and the collector in this district.Because therefore the electric power environmental complexity can utilize cordless communication network of the present invention to finish the networking process automatically, and the data acquisition concentrator is configured to root node, receives the data that described child node sends, and will send to system server after the described data processing; Various data acquisition equipments as child node, are realized the collection to the acquisition instrument record data, and be that packet sends to described root node described data encapsulation.Thereby can make wireless automatic meter reading system not rely on the cellular carrier service, can realize in the network the mutual of information between each node, and each node has relay function, and the network topology of multi-hop can spread radio communication distance and coverage, can not be subjected to the restriction of communication distance.
Based on above-mentioned this cordless communication network, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of communication means, as shown in Figure 2, is a kind of flow chart of this method, may further comprise the steps:
Step 202 after described child node receives the packet that other nodes send, if the destination address in the packet header is different with the network address of described child node, is then transmitted described packet according to described routing table.
In embodiments of the present invention, the process that each child node is transmitted packet according to routing table can have multiple mode to realize, to illustrating below this.
Example 1: the routing table of each node maintenance in the network, this routing table have indicated next to jump route, comprise the possible next-hop node information of the institute that arrives a destination node, and next-hop node can be the father node or the child node of present node.
For example, for network shown in Figure 3, the routing table that its node Foo safeguards is as shown in table 2 below.
Table 2
| Destination node | Next-hop node |
| C?I | C?I |
| C?II | C?II |
| GC?1 | C?I |
| GC?2 | C?II |
| GGC | C?II |
| P | P |
| GP | P |
| DC | P |
After a node was received packet, if the destination node of this packet is not oneself, then described node was searched the routing table of oneself safeguarding, find the node of next jumping after, packet is forwarded to the node of next jumping.
Example 2: the routing table of each node maintenance in the network, this routing table has comprised the whole route that arrives each destination node, i.e. each node of this route process.
For example, for network shown in Figure 3, the routing table that its node Foo safeguards is as shown in table 3 below.
Table 3
| Destination node | Next-hop node | The 2nd hop node | The 3rd hop node | The 4th hop node |
| C?I | C?I | ?\0 | ||
| C?II | C?II | ?\0 | ||
| GC?1 | C?I | ?GCl | ?\0 | |
| GC?2 | C?II | ?GC?2 | ?\0 | |
| GGC | C?II | ?GC?1 | ?GGC | ?\0 |
| P | P | ?\0 | ||
| GP | P | ?GP | ?\0 | |
| DC | P | ?GP | ?DC | ?\0 |
After a node is received packet, if the destination node of this packet is not oneself, then described node is searched the routing table that oneself is safeguarded, the address with next routing node (or destination node) is added into packet header then, and packet is sent to next routing node (or destination node).
In embodiments of the present invention, further comprising the steps of:
When needs were deleted a child node from network, described root node sent to described child node and removes order; Correspondingly, described child node receive described remove order after, if described child node does not have children, the own all-network configuration information of then described child node deletion sends to delete to described root node then and finishes response; If described child node has children, then described child node sends the response of deletion refusal to described root node.
As shown in Figure 4, be the flow chart that child node is registered to root node in the embodiment of the invention, may further comprise the steps:
In addition, in embodiments of the present invention, each node is also safeguarded a neighbor table, has wherein listed all neighbor nodes.
For example, for network shown in Figure 3, the neighbor table that its node Foo safeguards is as shown in table 4 below.
Table 4
| Neighbours | State | Network identity | Rank | Vital values | Signal strength signal intensity | Relation |
| Father | Legal | Oklahoma | L-1 | 100 | 30 | Father |
| Children I | Legal | Oklahoma | L+1 | 60 | 28 | Children |
| Children II | Legal | Oklahoma | L+1 | 75 | 2A | Children |
| Friend III | Legal | Oklahoma | X | 0 | 1F | Friend |
| The IV of foreign lands | Legal | Oz | Y | 100 | 32 | Foreign lands |
| Tramp V | Roam | N/A | N/A | N/A | 30 | N/A |
Wherein, vital values is meant the time value of corresponding node the last time and root node efficient communication.
Signal strength signal intensity finger collection of letters intensity can draw by quantification according to the amplitude that receives received signal.
When selecting father node, if a plurality of neighbor nodes are arranged, can take all factors into consideration state, rank, vital values, these information of signal strength signal intensity of each neighbor node, select the father node of the higher neighbor node of effective, healthy (embodying), rank as this node by vital values and signal strength signal intensity.
Because the father node of selecting must be a neighbor node, and neighbours can directly visit, so above-mentioned child node can be with root node as destination node, packet header is put in the address of the destination node of registration message directly send to father node, and this father node is a registered nodes, and has set up the routing table of oneself, therefore, after father node receives above-mentioned registration message, can be according to the root node of the routing table of oneself safeguarding with this registration message transmission.
Need to prove, in above-mentioned steps 401, described child node can also be provided with a time-out time after sending broadcast, correspondingly, when neighbours' response message that described child node is returned by other nodes that receive, it is limited in this time-out time, promptly surpass this time after, then stop to receive described neighbours' response message, enter the operation of step 402.
In addition, in said process, other nodes of receiving described broadcast need increase to above-mentioned child node in the neighbor table of oneself, and send neighbours' response message of the network configuration information of a network configuration information that comprises oneself and root node, particularly, can adopt the CSMA/CA agreement to send above-mentioned message.
Utilize the cordless communication network and the communication means thereof of the embodiment of the invention, can realize the remote meter reading under the electric power environmental.
As shown in Figure 5, be that the embodiment of the invention is applied to a long-distance meter-reading system under the electric power environmental.
Wherein, DC is the data acquisition concentrator, is configured to root node, and B, C, D are respectively collector, is child node.
After collector A powers on, send broadcast earlier, physically adjacent with collector A collector B, C, D make neighbours to collector A respectively and respond.
Collector A sets up the neighbor table of oneself according to all neighbours' echo messages of receiving, searches this neighbor table then and selects the father node of neighbours effective, healthy, that rank is higher as oneself.Here, collector A will select node D (rank is higher) as own father node, and collector A is that the rank of D adds 1 with oneself grade setting simultaneously, in the routing table of the root node DC adding that will obtain from neighbours' echo message of D then oneself.
Collector A sends registration message to data acquisition concentrator DC by collector D, after collector A receives the registration reply message that data acquisition concentrator DC beams back, become the legal node on the network, and, by being registered to the process of root node, collector A sets up oneself routing table to data acquisition concentrator DC.In addition, collector A to the collector D of data acquisition concentrator DC route process also can be with the information updating of A route travel schedule to oneself.
When collector A need communicate by letter with data acquisition concentrator DC, collector A is added into packet header with the address of the address of destination node (being node DC) and next routing node (being node D) and is sent to next routing node then, after packet arrives next jumping routing node, this node is searched the information of destination node in oneself the routing table, and next address of jumping routing node (being node DC) is added into packet header, be sent to next routing node (being node DC), so information finally can arrive the order ground node, i.e. data acquisition concentrator DC.
Data acquisition concentrator DC is similar to the above to the communication process that collector A sends order or message, is not described in detail at this.
This shows, utilize the scheme of the embodiment of the invention, can make wireless automatic meter reading system not rely on the cellular carrier service, can realize in the network the mutual of information between each node, and each node has relay function, the network topology of multi-hop is not only supported multi-multipoint communication, but also can spread radio communication distance and coverage, can not be subjected to the restriction of communication distance.
In actual applications, can use the 433MHz frequency range, this frequency range is relatively low, wavelength is longer relatively, and the signal transmission attenuation is less relatively, and the single-hop transmission distance is longer, have good diffracting power, adapt to various communities and building environment, its single-hop distance reaches as high as about 1000m.And, use the 33MHz frequency range as wireless measuring instrument frequency range, few with the mutual interference mutually of other wireless systems.Adopt the AFH technology, can avoid mutual interference mutually with other wireless device of this frequency range.In addition,
Identical similar part is mutually referring to getting final product between each embodiment in this specification, and each embodiment stresses all is difference with other embodiment.Especially, for Apparatus and system embodiment, because it is substantially similar in appearance to method embodiment, so describe fairly simplely, relevant part gets final product referring to the part explanation of method embodiment.System embodiment described above only is schematic, wherein said unit as the separating component explanation can or can not be physically to separate also, the parts that show as the unit can be or can not be physical locations also, promptly can be positioned at a place, perhaps also can be distributed on a plurality of network element.Can select wherein some or all of module to realize the purpose of present embodiment scheme according to the actual needs.Those of ordinary skills promptly can understand and implement under the situation of not paying creative work.
More than disclosed only be preferred implementation of the present invention; but the present invention is not limited thereto; any those skilled in the art can think do not have a creationary variation, and, all should drop in protection scope of the present invention not breaking away from some improvements and modifications of being done under the principle of the invention prerequisite.
Claims (10)
1. a cordless communication network is characterized in that, comprising: root node and a plurality of child node, and described root node and each child node all have a unique network address;
Described child node is used to be registered to described root node, sets up the routing table that arrives other nodes, and utilizes the information interaction of described routing table realization and described root node.
2. cordless communication network as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described child node, also be used for carrying out information interaction by sending packet and other nodes, and in the network address that receives packet that other nodes send and destination address in the packet header and described child node not simultaneously, transmit described packet according to described routing table.
3. cordless communication network as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that each child node has or do not have the child node of oneself, and each child node has only a father node.
4. as each described cordless communication network of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that,
Described child node is a data acquisition equipment, is used for the data of acquisition instrument record, and is that packet sends to described root node with described data encapsulation;
Described root node is the data acquisition concentrator, is used to receive the data that described child node sends, and will sends to system server after the described data processing.
5. the communication means of a cordless communication network is characterized in that, described cordless communication network comprises: root node and a plurality of child node, and described root node and each child node all have a unique network address; Described method comprises:
Described child node is registered to described root node, and sets up the routing table that arrives other nodes;
Receive the packet of other nodes transmissions when described child node after,, then transmit described packet according to described routing table if the destination address in the packet header is different with the network address of described child node.
6. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that described child node is registered to described root node, and sets up the routing table that arrives other nodes and comprise:
Described child node sends broadcast and seeks neighbor node;
All neighbours' response messages that described child node basis is received are set up the neighbor table of oneself, comprise the network configuration information of other nodes and root node in described neighbours' response message, and described network configuration information comprises the network address and stratum level;
Described child node is selected a father node from the neighbor table of oneself, and sends registration message to described root node by described father node;
Described child node receives the registration reply message of described root node.
7. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described method also comprises:
Other nodes of receiving described broadcast increase to described child node in the neighbor table of oneself, and send neighbours' response message of the network configuration information of a network configuration information that comprises oneself and root node.
8. method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, neighbours' response message that described other nodes of receiving described broadcast send the network configuration information of a network configuration information that comprises oneself and root node comprises:
Described other nodes of receiving described broadcast packet send neighbours' response message of the network configuration information of a network configuration information that comprises oneself and root node by the CSMA/CA agreement.
9. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described method also comprises:
When needs were deleted a child node from network, described root node sent to described child node and removes order;
Described child node receive described remove order after, if described child node does not have children, the own all-network configuration information of then described child node deletion sends to delete to described root node then and finishes response; If described child node has children, then described child node sends the response of deletion refusal to described root node.
10. as each described cordless communication network of claim 5 to 9, it is characterized in that,
Described child node is a data acquisition equipment, is used for the data of acquisition instrument record, and is that packet sends to described root node with described data encapsulation;
Described root node is the data acquisition concentrator, is used to receive the data that described child node sends, and will sends to system server after the described data processing.
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