CN102222937A - Photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and grid-connected control method thereof - Google Patents
Photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and grid-connected control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, which comprises a direct current (DC) signal detection module, an inversion module, a transformer, an alternating current (AC) contactor, an AC signal detection module and a control circuit, wherein the control circuit comprises a current loop PI regulator consisting of a d-axis current regulator and a q-axis current regulator, a space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) space vector module, a Clark/Park conversion module, a Clark/Park inverse transform module and an excitation command operating module; and the excitation command operating module can output an output quantity serving as a reference signal of the q-axis current regulator and control the inversion module to output a reactive component to pre-excite the transformer. The invention also discloses a grid-connected control method for the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: an inverter can be connected to a grid seamlessly, overcurrent impact is prevented, the system loss is reduced, and the reliability and stability of the system are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of photovoltaic combining inverter, relate in particular to a kind of photovoltaic combining inverter and grid-connected control method thereof that outlet side has isolating transformer that exchange.
Background technology
Photovoltaic generation has from the net and the two kinds of working methods that are incorporated into the power networks, grid type has proposed higher requirement to inverter, security needs on the one hand is incorporated into the power networks, the electric power of feedback grid must satisfy the electrical network set quota on the other hand, can not cause harmonic pollution to electrical network, therefore general domestic grid type inverter exchanges outlet side and all is with isolating transformer.Therefore also bring the problem of following two aspects: on the one hand, the photovoltaic combining inverter transformer outlet side problems such as to cause overcurrent, shock oscillation that directly is connected to the grid.At this problem tradition control method be: have the switch of charging resistor to insert electrical network by a closure one road string earlier, transformer is carried out pre-excitation; Switch by another way switch again and insert electrical network, as shown in Figure 1.Impact when this control mode can prevent to insert the electrical network process to a certain extent, but also can have certain rush of current and increase system cost, the access electrical network that the inverter outlet side can not be very desirable in this switching access electrical network process.On the other hand, when the energy shortage of direct current input, particularly in the morning with the situation of rainy weather under, this control mode that directly is incorporated into the power networks, can cause the frequent switching on and shutting down of system easily, outlet side switch or contactor be break-make repeatedly, shorten switch or contactor useful life, reduced system reliability.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the frequent switching on and shutting down of existing in prior technology system and the A.C. contactor technical problem of break-make repeatedly, a kind of photovoltaic combining inverter and grid-connected control method thereof are provided, the present invention can realize that inverter is seamless and be incorporated into the power networks, and prevent that overcurrent from impacting, reduce system loss, improve system reliability, stability.
Thinking of the present invention is before inverter is incorporated into the power networks, and utilizes excitation ordering calculation module controls inversion module output idle component that the isolating transformer of outlet side is carried out pre-excitation, is incorporated into the power networks after pre-excitation is finished again.Particularly, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of photovoltaic combining inverter comprises:
The direct current signal detection module is used to detect the DC voltage/current of input side;
Inversion module is used for the direct current of input is converted to alternating current;
Transformer is used for the ac output end and the electrical network of inverter module are isolated;
A.C. contactor, be used to switch photovoltaic combining inverter from net and net state;
The alternating current signal detection module is used to detect the output current and the line voltage of photovoltaic combining inverter;
Control circuit is used for the operation of photovoltaic combining inverter is controlled;
Described control circuit comprises electric current loop pi regulator, the SVPWM space vector module of being made up of d shaft current adjuster, q shaft current adjuster, Clark/Park conversion module, Clark/Park inverse transform module, and excitation ordering calculation module; The exportable output variable of described excitation ordering calculation module is as the reference signal of q shaft current adjuster, and control inversion module output idle component is to the transformer pre-excitation; Before being incorporated into the power networks, photovoltaic combining inverter carries out earlier from the net independent operating, in the running, the alternating current signal detection module detects inversion module output current and line voltage, the inversion module output current that detection obtains is through Clark, obtain d shaft current adjuster after the Park conversion, the feedback signal of q shaft current adjuster, described feedback signal respectively with d shaft current adjuster, the reference signal of q shaft current adjuster compares, the electric current comparison value that obtains is output after the electric current loop pi regulator is regulated, output variable after the adjusting is done computing with the line voltage through the Clark conversion that the alternating current signal detection module obtains after the Park inverse transformation, after passing through the Clark inverse transformation again, carry out PWM pulse width modulation controlled inversion module output voltage by SVPWM space vector module transformer is carried out excitation, photovoltaic combining inverter was connected to the grid and generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems after the transformer pre-excitation was finished.
A kind of grid-connected control method of photovoltaic combining inverter as mentioned above may further comprise the steps:
Before being incorporated into the power networks, step 1, photovoltaic combining inverter carry out earlier from the net independent operating;
Step 2,, with the output variable of the excitation ordering calculation module output reference signal as q shaft current adjuster, control inversion module output idle component is carried out pre-excitation to transformer;
After step 3, pre-excitation were finished, photovoltaic combining inverter was connected to the grid.
Further, described excitation ordering calculation module comprises at least one input variable, and the output variable of described excitation ordering calculation module is that input variable is obtained through a monotonically increasing function computing with upper limit.
As a preferred version, the input variable of described excitation ordering calculation module is the no-load current of described transformer.
As another preferred version, the input variable of described excitation ordering calculation module is the no-load current of described transformer, and the mould of line voltage vector.
Described pre-excitation is finished, and is meant that specifically following condition all is met:
The exciting current of transformer reaches its no-load current value;
All the time maintain on the minimum operation DC bus-bar voltage point and keep one section predefined time t in the whole DC bus-bar voltage that the direct current signal detection module detects in net independent operating process.
Compared to existing technology, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Exciting current is mainly idle component during the no-load transformer operation, and switching impulse current under transformer steady operation time institute not sudden change of the making alive situation can be very not big, before being incorporated into the power networks, photovoltaic combining inverter carries out earlier transformer being set up pre-excitation from the net independent operating, its output voltage was consistent with mains voltage signal after the transformer pre-excitation was finished, DC bus-bar voltage maintains on the minimum operation electrical voltage point, at this moment it is more steady that inverter inserts electrical network, can be good at realizing the seamless link of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and electrical network, prevented overcurrent impact failure equipment, and can avoid frequent switching on and shutting down of system and AC side contactor break-make problem repeatedly, improve system reliability, reduced system cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit topological structure schematic diagram of existing photovoltaic combining inverter;
Fig. 2 is the control principle schematic diagram of photovoltaic combining inverter of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of excitation ordering calculation module of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic of the excitation ordering calculation module when the mould of no-load current that is input as transformer and line voltage vector;
Fig. 5 is the electrical block diagram of photovoltaic combining inverter of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the control flow schematic diagram of photovoltaic combining inverter of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the public can fully understand technical spirit of the present invention and beneficial effect; the applicant will describe in detail the specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; but the applicant is not restriction to technical scheme to the description of embodiment, anyly makes form but not the variation of essence all should be considered as protection scope of the present invention according to the present invention's design.
Photovoltaic combining inverter of the present invention as shown in Figure 5, comprising: direct current signal detection module 10 is used to detect the DC voltage/current of input side; Inversion module 6 is used for the direct current of input is converted to alternating current; Transformer 9 is used for the ac output end and the electrical network of inverter module are isolated; A.C. contactor 12, be used to switch photovoltaic combining inverter from net and net state; Alternating current signal detection module 8 is used to detect the output current and the line voltage of photovoltaic combining inverter; Control circuit 11 is used for the operation of photovoltaic combining inverter is controlled.
Wherein control circuit 11(is referring to Fig. 2) comprise the electric current loop pi regulator of forming by d shaft current adjuster 3, q shaft current adjuster 2, SVPWM space vector module 5, Clark/Park conversion module 4, Clark/Park inverse transform module 7, and an excitation ordering calculation module M.Before being incorporated into the power networks, photovoltaic combining inverter carries out earlier from the net independent operating, in the running, as shown in Figure 2, output variable M_out of excitation ordering calculation module M output is as the reference signal of q shaft current adjuster 2, and control photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter output idle component is to transformer 9 excitations.When transformer 9 exciting currents arrive transformer 9 no-load current values, the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter output voltage signal is consistent with electrical network, and maintain all the time on the minimum operation DC bus-bar voltage point after a period of time t in the whole DC bus-bar voltage that direct current signal detection module 10 detects in net independent operating process, then control A.C. contactor 12 adhesives, realize accurately being connected to the grid of safety of photovoltaic combining inverter.
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 5, photovoltaic combining inverter carries out before being incorporated into the power networks when the net independent operating, excitation ordering calculation module M output variable M_out is as the reference signal Iq_ref of q shaft current adjuster 2, the reference signal Id_ref of d shaft current adjuster 3 is made as 0 at this moment, the input variable M_in1 of excitation ordering calculation module M is through a monotonically increasing function with upper limit, ramp function y=k*x for example shown in Figure 3, computing output M_out, regulate control inversion module 6 output idle components through the electric current loop pi regulator.The input variable M_in1(of wherein said excitation ordering calculation module M is the x in the ramp function) be the no-load current Iom of transformer.The input variable M_in1 of described excitation ordering calculation module M also can adopt the mould of three phase network voltage vector and the no-load current of transformer 9 as shown in Figure 4.
Of the present inventionly be incorporated into the power networks control procedure as shown in Figure 6,8 pairs of inversion module 6 output currents of alternating current signal detection module and line voltage detect, the inversion module 6 output current Ia-IPM that detection obtains, Ib-IPM, Ic-IPM obtains d shaft current adjuster 3 under the rotational coordinates after 7 conversion of Clark/Park conversion module, the feedback signal Id-feedback of q shaft current adjuster 2, Iq-feedback, with reference signal Id_ref, Iq_ref and feedback signal Id-feedback, Iq-feedback compares, obtain electric current comparison value △ Id, △ Iq, electric current comparison value △ Id, output variable Id_out after △ Iq regulates through the electric current loop pi regulator, Iq_out respectively with the decoupling zero amount-
,
Make vector and get the decoupling zero control that Ud_ref, Uq_ref realize d shaft current loop, q shaft current loop, obtain the set-point Uout1 of inversion module 6 output voltages through Park inverse transform module 4, Uout1 and alternating current signal detection module 8 detect the line voltage Unet that obtains through the Clark conversion do vector and, vector and Uout pass through the Clark inverse transformation again, carry out the PWM pulse-width modulation by SVPWM space vector module 5 then, output pwm signal, control inversion module 6 output AC voltages are to transformer 9 excitations.Wherein Clark and Park transformation for mula are as follows:
The Clark transformation for mula:
The Park transformation for mula:
In above-mentioned transformer pre-excitation control procedure, the output current of control inversion module increases gradually from 0, the output voltage of photovoltaic combining inverter is along with the exciting current of correspondence increases also from 0 increase gradually, and phase place remains consistent with electric network voltage phase, progressively transformer is carried out pre-excitation, when the inversion module output current is that the exciting current of transformer is when increasing to amplitudes such as no-load transformer electric current, inverter output voltage also reaches consistent with electrical network, keeps constant this output voltage signal output of inverter this moment; Until remaining on the minimum operation DC bus-bar voltage point in the whole DC bus-bar voltage that the direct current signal detection module detects in net independent operating process and keeping a period of time t, t=5s for example, then controlling A.C. contactor 12 adhesives is connected to the grid, if during the DC side energy shortage, DC bus-bar voltage can occur falls and is lower than minimum operation DC bus-bar voltage point, then stop from the net independent operating, and detect inverter startup again, repeat above-mentioned independent operating process.
The phase angle of using when wherein said electric network voltage phase and inverter output voltage and electric current Park conversion, inverse transformation
Have a variety of methods to obtain in the prior art, wherein two kinds preferably method be: the one, line voltage carries out the Clark conversion, under static rotational coordinates by right
With
Arctan function, and ask through the filter filtering that designs and to obtain electrical network vector voltage phase angle
The 2nd, adopt three-phase phase-locked loop to obtain phase angle
The present invention is owing to adopt technique scheme, exciting current is mainly idle component during the no-load transformer operation, and switching impulse current under transformer steady operation time institute not sudden change of the making alive situation can be very not big, before being incorporated into the power networks, photovoltaic combining inverter carries out earlier transformer being set up excitation from the net independent operating, its output voltage was consistent with mains voltage signal after the transformer pre-excitation was finished, DC bus-bar voltage maintains on the minimum operation electrical voltage point, at this moment it is more steady that inverter inserts electrical network, can be good at realizing the seamless link of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and electrical network, prevented overcurrent impact failure equipment, and can avoid frequent switching on and shutting down of system and AC side contactor break-make problem repeatedly, improve system reliability, reduced system cost.
Claims (10)
1. photovoltaic combining inverter comprises:
The direct current signal detection module is used to detect the DC voltage/current of input side;
Inversion module is used for the direct current of input is converted to alternating current;
Transformer is used for the ac output end and the electrical network of inverter module are isolated;
A.C. contactor, be used to switch photovoltaic combining inverter from net and net state;
The alternating current signal detection module is used to detect the output current and the line voltage of photovoltaic combining inverter;
Control circuit is used for the operation of photovoltaic combining inverter is controlled;
It is characterized in that,
Described control circuit comprises electric current loop pi regulator, the SVPWM space vector module of being made up of d shaft current adjuster, q shaft current adjuster, Clark/Park conversion module, Clark/Park inverse transform module, and excitation ordering calculation module; The exportable output variable of described excitation ordering calculation module is as the reference signal of q shaft current adjuster, and control inversion module output idle component is to the transformer pre-excitation; Before being incorporated into the power networks, photovoltaic combining inverter carries out earlier from the net independent operating, in the running, the alternating current signal detection module detects inversion module output current and line voltage, the inversion module output current that detection obtains is through Clark, obtain d shaft current adjuster after the Park conversion, the feedback signal of q shaft current adjuster, described feedback signal respectively with d shaft current adjuster, the reference signal of q shaft current adjuster compares, the electric current comparison value that obtains is output after the electric current loop pi regulator is regulated, output variable after the adjusting is done computing with the line voltage through the Clark conversion that the alternating current signal detection module obtains after the Park inverse transformation, after passing through the Clark inverse transformation again, carry out PWM pulse width modulation controlled inversion module output voltage by SVPWM space vector module transformer is carried out excitation, photovoltaic combining inverter was connected to the grid and generates electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems after the transformer pre-excitation was finished.
2. photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described excitation ordering calculation module comprises at least one input variable, and the output variable of described excitation ordering calculation module is that input variable is obtained through a monotonically increasing function computing with upper limit.
3. as photovoltaic combining inverter as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that the input variable of described excitation ordering calculation module is the no-load current of described transformer.
4. as photovoltaic combining inverter as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that the input variable of described excitation ordering calculation module is the no-load current of described transformer, and the mould of line voltage vector.
5. the grid-connected control method of photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Before being incorporated into the power networks, step 1, photovoltaic combining inverter carry out earlier from the net independent operating;
Step 2,, with the output variable of the excitation ordering calculation module output reference signal as q shaft current adjuster, control inversion module output idle component is carried out pre-excitation to transformer;
After step 3, pre-excitation were finished, photovoltaic combining inverter was connected to the grid.
6. as the grid-connected control method of photovoltaic combining inverter as described in the claim 5, it is characterized in that, described excitation ordering calculation module comprises at least one input variable, and the output variable of described excitation ordering calculation module is that input variable is obtained through a monotonically increasing function computing with upper limit.
7. as the grid-connected control method of photovoltaic combining inverter as described in the claim 6, it is characterized in that the input variable of described excitation ordering calculation module is the no-load current of described transformer.
8. as the grid-connected control method of photovoltaic combining inverter as described in the claim 6, it is characterized in that the input variable of described excitation ordering calculation module is the no-load current of described transformer, and the mould of line voltage vector.
9. as the grid-connected control method of claim 5-8 photovoltaic combining inverter as described in each, it is characterized in that described pre-excitation is finished, be meant that specifically following condition all is met:
The exciting current of transformer reaches its no-load current value;
All the time maintain on the minimum operation DC bus-bar voltage point and keep one section predefined time t in the whole DC bus-bar voltage that the direct current signal detection module detects in net independent operating process.
10. as the grid-connected control method of photovoltaic combining inverter as described in the claim 9, it is characterized in that described predefined time t is 5 seconds.
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| CN102916642A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2013-02-06 | 江苏科技大学 | Internal-mode fault-tolerant control system and method for support vector machine of permanent-magnet synchronous linear motor |
| CN103107548A (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2013-05-15 | 安徽省电力公司宣城供电公司 | Power conversion system (PCS) active power and reactive power control system and control method |
| CN103391019A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-11-13 | 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） | Three-level inside and outside tube voltage sharing control method for three-level inverter |
| CN103812134A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2014-05-21 | 新疆希望电子有限公司 | Suppression method and system for exciting current of inverter and power grid connection momentary transformer |
| TWI450481B (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2014-08-21 | Delta Electronics Inc | Starter of grid-connected inverter and control method thereof |
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| CN116154862A (en) * | 2023-04-20 | 2023-05-23 | 锦浪科技股份有限公司 | Control method and system for accessing converter to power grid and readable storage medium |
| CN116154862B (en) * | 2023-04-20 | 2023-09-19 | 锦浪科技股份有限公司 | Control method and system for accessing converter to power grid and readable storage medium |
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