CN102222905B - Plug-in multi-passage current sharing interface circuit - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a plug-in multi-passage current sharing interface circuit comprising a main loop that is formed by connecting a plurality of main loop passageways in parallel; each main loop passage is connected with a current sharing control circuit that can control the working state of the main loop passage; each main loop passage comprises an input capacitor; the input capacitor and a parallel direct-current power module output voltage are connected in parallel with each other; the drain of an N-MOS tube is simultaneously connected with the positive end of the parallel direct-current power module output voltage and one ends of an auxiliary capacitor and an auxiliary resistor parallel branch circuit; the other ends of the auxiliary capacitor and the auxiliary resistor parallel branch circuit are connected with the anode of an auxiliary diode; the cathode of the auxiliary diode is connected with the source of the N-MOS tube and one end of an inductor; the other end of the inductor is simultaneously connected with one end of the output capacitor and the positive end of the output voltage; the other end of the output capacitor is simultaneously connected with the negative end of the parallel direct-current power module output voltage and the negative end of the output voltage; and two ends of the output voltage are connected in parallel with load resistors.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plug-in multi-passage current sharing interface circuit.
Background technology
The parallel connection direct power-supply system is comprised of a plurality of DC power supplier, and because its stability, reliability are high, the advantage such as capacity extension is convenient, flexible, and use occasion is unrestricted, be widely used in the fields such as communication, computer, electric power at present.Even but DC power supplier specification of the same race also can cause the inconsistent of output characteristic to each other because of components and parts tolerance and the reason such as aging.This inconsistency can cause the unbalanced phenomena of parallel connection direct power-supply system, and the DC power supplier that namely output voltage is higher can be born larger output current, and the DC power supplier that output voltage is lower is born less output current.In serious situation, this unbalanced phenomena will injure the safe operation of whole parallel connection direct power-supply system.Therefore, in the parallel connection direct power-supply system, the equal flow problem between each DC power supplier needs most solution.Thus, flow equalize technology arises at the historic moment.The plug-in type flow equalize technology is exactly wherein a kind of, namely insert current sharing interface circuit between parallel connection direct power module and load, solve current balance problem between different DC power supplier by this current sharing interface circuit, benefit is to reduce the coherence request of whole system to the parallel connection direct power module, realizes low cost and high flexibility.
Shown in Figure 1 is existing a kind of plug-in multi-passage current sharing interface circuit.It is comprised of power major loop and control loop 2 parts.Major loop structure is very simple, n identical passage, consists of, and each passage is again mainly by input capacitance Cij, and N-MOS pipe Sj and inductance L j form (j=1...n, lower same).Ij is in parallel with Cij for parallel connection direct power module output voltage V, the source electrode of Sj is connected with the anode of Vij, the drain electrode of Sj is connected with the end of Lj, the other end of Lj is connected with the end of output capacitance Co and the anode of output voltage V o simultaneously, the other end of Co is connected with the negative terminal of Vij and the negative terminal of Vo simultaneously, and load resistance R1 is parallel to the Vo two ends.Control loop is comprised of n identical equalizing control circuit, is connected with the major loop passage of correspondence respectively.Equalizing control circuit j has 6 external-connected ports, 5 port Vij wherein, vsj, vgj, vsenj, with Gndj respectively with the Vij anode of major loop passage j, the Sj source electrode, Sj gate pole, inductive current detection port vsenj, be connected with the Vij negative terminal, another 1 port vcsbusj is connected on sharing control bus vcsbus.Equalizing control circuit j obtains equal stream information vcsbus by the sharing control bus, inductive current information vsenj according to equal stream information vcsbus and major loop passage j, adopt specific all flow algorithms, output mos pipe differential driving signal vgj and vsj, control the operating state (or conducting or cut-off) of metal-oxide-semiconductor Sj in the major loop passage, the current i Lj of inductance L j is flow through in adjusting, thereby realizes the equilibrium of each parallel connection direct power module output current.But, due to the impact of metal-oxide-semiconductor Sj body diode conduction voltage drop in major loop, make the admissible inconsistency of parallel connection direct power module output voltage be restricted, so this plug-in multi-passage current sharing interface circuit is suitable for the parallel connection direct power-supply system of low pressure.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve the problem of the applicable parallel connection direct power-supply system electric pressure narrow range of existing plug-in multi-passage current sharing interface circuit, and a kind of plug-in multi-passage current sharing interface circuit that is applicable to the parallel connection direct power-supply system of high pressure is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
a kind of plug-in multi-passage current sharing interface circuit, comprise major loop, described major loop is composed in parallel by a plurality of major loop passages, all be connected with the equalizing control circuit of controlling its operating state on each described major loop passage, it is characterized in that: described major loop passage comprises input capacitance, the N-MOS pipe, auxiliary capacitor, auxiliary resistance, booster diode, inductance, output capacitance, described input capacitance is in parallel with parallel connection direct power module output voltage, the drain electrode while of described N-MOS pipe and the anode of parallel connection direct power module output voltage, one end of auxiliary capacitor and auxiliary resistance parallel branch is connected, the other end of described auxiliary capacitor and auxiliary resistance parallel branch and the anodic bonding of booster diode, the negative electrode while of described booster diode and the source electrode of described N-MOS pipe, one end of inductance is connected, the other end while of described inductance and an end of output capacitance, the anode of output voltage is connected, the other end while of described output capacitance and the negative terminal of parallel connection direct power module output voltage, the negative terminal of output voltage is connected, the two ends of described output voltage are parallel with load resistance,
The gate pole of the parallel connection direct power module output voltage anode of described major loop passage, the source electrode of N-MOS pipe, N-MOS pipe, the detection port of inductive current, parallel connection direct power module output voltage negative terminal are connected with corresponding external-connected port on equalizing control circuit respectively, and described equalizing control circuit also is provided with an external-connected port that is connected with the sharing control bus.
Further, described equalizing control circuit comprises accessory power supply, current detection circuit, current control circuit, current programming circuit, metal-oxide-semiconductor drive circuit,
Described accessory power supply is used for providing the work of equalizing control circuit remainder required various DC power supply voltages and reference voltage, can boost or the conversion process of step-down to parallel connection direct power module output voltage according to actual needs;
Described current detection circuit is used for receiving the inductive current information of the major loop passage that has converted voltage signal to and does suitably to process, then the current detecting result is flowed to current programming circuit and current control circuit;
Described current programming circuit is used for obtaining the required reference voltage of equal stream information generation current control circuit and this reference voltage being sent to current control circuit from the sharing control bus by equal flow algorithm;
Described current control circuit is used for current detecting result and the reference voltage that will receive and compares, and provides the driving instruction that metal-oxide-semiconductor opens or closes, and should drive instruction and send to the metal-oxide-semiconductor drive circuit;
Described metal-oxide-semiconductor drive circuit is used for carrying out the metal-oxide-semiconductor driving instruction of current control circuit, controls the operating state of metal-oxide-semiconductor.
technical conceive of the present invention is: for eliminating the body diode impact of N-MOS pipe in the major loop passage, adopt auxiliary capacitor, the original single metal-oxide-semiconductor of structure replacement that the connection in series-parallel branch road of auxiliary resistance and booster diode is extremely in parallel with N-MOS pipe drain-source, and adjust the connection of the N-MOS pipe drain-source utmost point and parallel connection direct power module output voltage and inductance, the drain electrode that is the N-MOS pipe is connected with the anode of parallel connection direct power module output voltage and an end of auxiliary capacitor and auxiliary resistance parallel branch simultaneously, the other end of auxiliary capacitor and auxiliary resistance parallel branch is connected with the anode of booster diode, the negative electrode of booster diode is connected with the source electrode of N-MOS pipe and an end of inductance simultaneously.Under the cooperation of a plurality of equalizing control circuits was controlled, the major loop of plug-in multi-passage current sharing interface circuit can help the inconsistent parallel connection direct power module of a plurality of output characteristic to realize that output current is balanced.
What need special instruction is, metal-oxide-semiconductor in this plug-in multi-passage current sharing interface circuit is except can be that the N-MOS pipe can also be P-MOS pipe, the position of metal-oxide-semiconductor high-endly can also be positioned at low side except being positioned at, and the parallel branch of auxiliary capacitor and auxiliary resistance and the position of booster diode are interchangeable.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is mainly manifested in: the scope of application of having widened plug-in multi-passage current sharing interface circuit, not only be fit to the parallel connection direct power-supply system of low pressure, but also be fit to the parallel connection direct power-supply system of high pressure, can provide current-sharing scheme low-cost, high flexibility for the inconsistent parallel connection direct power module of a plurality of output characteristic or solar battery group in parallel or multiple-connected battery group etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing a kind of plug-in multi-passage current sharing interface circuit figure.
Fig. 2 is circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a kind of equalizing control circuit internal structure block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is major loop passage of a kind of specific embodiment of the present invention and the circuit diagram of equalizing control circuit.
Fig. 5 is when Vi1＜Vik (k=2...n), the ideal operation oscillogram of a kind of specific embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
with reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, a kind of plug-in multi-passage current sharing interface circuit, comprise major loop, described major loop is composed in parallel by a plurality of major loop passages, all be connected with the equalizing control circuit of controlling its operating state on each described major loop passage, described major loop passage comprises input capacitance Cij, N-MOS manages Sj, auxiliary capacitor Caj, auxiliary resistance Raj, booster diode Daj, inductance L j, output capacitance Co (j=1...n, lower same), described input capacitance Cij is in parallel with parallel connection direct power module output voltage V ij, the drain electrode while of described N-MOS pipe Sj and the anode of parallel connection direct power module output voltage V ij, auxiliary capacitor Caj is connected with an end of auxiliary resistance Raj parallel branch, the other end of described auxiliary capacitor Caj and auxiliary resistance Raj parallel branch and the anodic bonding of booster diode Daj, the negative electrode of described booster diode Daj is managed the source electrode of Sj simultaneously with described N-MOS, the end of inductance L j is connected, the other end while of described inductance L j and the end of output capacitance Co, the anode of output voltage V o is connected, the other end while of described output capacitance Co and the negative terminal of parallel connection direct power module output voltage V ij, the negative terminal of output voltage V o is connected, the two ends of described output voltage V o are parallel with load resistance R1,
The gate pole of the source electrode of the parallel connection direct power module output voltage V ij anode of described major loop passage, N-MOS pipe Sj, N-MOS pipe Sj, the detection port of inductance L j current i Lj, parallel connection direct power module output voltage V ij negative terminal are connected with corresponding external-connected port on equalizing control circuit respectively, and described equalizing control circuit also is provided with an external-connected port vcsbusj who is connected with sharing control bus vcsbus.
Described equalizing control circuit comprises accessory power supply, current detection circuit, current control circuit, current programming circuit, metal-oxide-semiconductor drive circuit,
Described accessory power supply is used for providing required various DC power supply voltages and the reference voltage of remainder work of equalizing control circuit, can boost or the conversion process of step-down to parallel connection direct power module output voltage V ij according to actual needs;
Described current detection circuit is used for receiving the inductance L j current i Lj information of the major loop passage that has converted voltage signal to and does suitably to process, then current i Lj testing result is flowed to current programming circuit and current control circuit;
Described current programming circuit is used for obtaining the required reference voltage of equal stream information generation current control circuit and this reference voltage being sent to current control circuit from sharing control bus vcsbus by equal flow algorithm;
Described current control circuit is used for current i Lj testing result and the reference voltage that will receive and compares, and provides the driving instruction that metal-oxide-semiconductor opens or closes, and should drive instruction and send to the metal-oxide-semiconductor drive circuit;
Described metal-oxide-semiconductor drive circuit is used for carrying out the metal-oxide-semiconductor driving instruction of current control circuit, controls the operating state of metal-oxide-semiconductor Sj.
Fig. 4 has shown the part (j=1...n, lower same) of major loop passage j and the equalizing control circuit j of a kind of specific embodiment of the present invention.Major loop passage j adopts series resistance Rsenj to detect inductive current iLj, obtains voltage vsenj.in major loop passage j shown in Figure 4, ij is in parallel with input capacitance Cij for parallel connection direct power module output voltage V, the drain electrode of N-MOS pipe Sj is connected with an end of auxiliary resistance Raj parallel branch with anode and the auxiliary capacitor Caj of Vij simultaneously, the other end of Caj and Raj parallel branch is connected with the anode of Daj, the negative electrode of Daj is connected with the source electrode of Sj and the end of inductance L j simultaneously, the other end of Lj is connected with the end of output capacitance Co and the anode of output voltage V o simultaneously, the other end of Co is connected with the negative terminal of Vo and the end of detection resistance R senj simultaneously, the other end of Rsenj is connected with the negative terminal of Vij, load resistance R1 is parallel to the Vo two ends.Draw 5 external-connected port Vij (being the Vij anode), vgj (being the Sj gate pole), vsj (being the Sj source electrode), vsenj (being the detection port of inductive current iLj), Gndj (being the Vij negative terminal) in major loop passage j, mate one by one with 5 external-connected ports of the same name of equalizing control circuit j respectively.Equalizing control circuit j shown in Figure 4 is comprised of accessory power supply j, current detection circuit j, current programming circuit j, current control circuit j, these 5 parts of metal-oxide-semiconductor drive circuit j.Accessory power supply j converts parallel connection direct power module output voltage V ij to Vccj and the Vddj power supply needs with the remainder that meets equalizing control circuit j, Vccj is to current detection circuit j, current programming circuit j, current control circuit j power supply, Vddj powers to metal-oxide-semiconductor drive circuit j, and the reference voltage V ref1j that generation current programmed circuit j is required and Vref2j (Vref1j＞Vcref2j).Current detection circuit j is comprised of operational amplifier U1j, resistance R c1j and Rc2j, capacitor C c1j.The vsenj interface of major loop passage j is connected with the normal phase input end of U1j, the end of Rc1j is connected with the output of U1j, the other end while of Rc1j is connected with an end of inverting input, Rc2j and the Cc1j parallel branch of U1j, the other end of Rc2j and Cc1j parallel branch is connected with the Gndj interface of major loop passage j, U1j output voltage vcsenj.Current programming circuit j adopts required reference voltage vcsref1j and the vcsref2j of minimum master slave mode generation current control circuit j, by operational amplifier U2j, U3j, U4j, diode Dcsenj, resistance R csenj, Rcs1j, Rcs2j, Rcs3j, Rcs4j, Rcs5j, Rcs6j, Rcs7j, Rcs8j, capacitor C cs1j, Ccs2j form.The normal phase input end of U2j is that the external-connected port vcsbusj (being connected on sharing control bus vcsbus) of equalizing controller j is connected with the anode of Dcsenj, an end and the sharing control bus interface vcsbusj of Rcsenj simultaneously, the negative electrode of Dcsenj is connected with current detection circuit j output vcsenj, and the other end of Rcsenj is connected with accessory power supply j output Vccj.The negative-phase input of U2j is connected with the output of U2j, the end of Rcs1j and the end of Rcs5j simultaneously.The other end of Rcs1j is connected with the normal phase input end of U3j and the end of Rcs2j simultaneously, and the other end of Rcs2j is connected with accessory power supply j output Vref1j.The end of Rcs4j is connected with the output vcsref1j of U3j, the other end of Rcs4j is connected with the negative-phase input of U3j and an end of Ccs1j and Rcs3j parallel branch simultaneously, and the other end of Ccs1j and Rcs3j parallel branch is connected with the external-connected port Gndj of major loop passage j.The other end of Rcs5j is connected with the normal phase input end of U4j and the end of Rcs6j simultaneously, and the other end of Rcs6j is connected with accessory power supply j output Vref2j.The end of Rcs8j is connected with the output vcsref2j of U4j, the other end of Rcs8j is connected with the negative-phase input of U4j and an end of Ccs2j and Rcs7j parallel branch simultaneously, and the other end of Ccs2j and Rcs7j parallel branch is connected with the external-connected port Gndj of major loop passage j.Current control circuit j adopts stagnant chain rate than control method, comparator U5j and U6j, rest-set flip-flop U7j, consists of.The output vcsenj of current detection circuit j is connected to the normal phase input end of U5j and the inverting input of U6j simultaneously, be connected to the inverting input of U5j by the reference voltage vcsref1j of current programming circuit j output, reference voltage vcsref2j is connected to the normal phase input end of U6j.The output of U5j is connected to the zero clearing input R (high level is effective) of U7j, and the output of U6j is connected to the set input S (high level is effective) of U7j.Controlled the switch command vgsj of metal-oxide-semiconductor Sj by the positive output end Q output of U7j.Metal-oxide-semiconductor drive circuit j is one and meets the level shifting circuit that the Sj driving requires, the output vgsj of U7j is through the level conversion of level shifting circuit j, export the 1 pair of logical relation differential driving signal consistent with vgsj respectively with major loop passage j in vgj be connected with the vsj contact.
The operation principle of circuit shown in Figure 4 is roughly as follows:
Suppose to have n parallel connection direct power module, its output voltage is respectively Vi1 to Vin, and is wherein minimum with Vi1, i.e. Vi1＜Vik (k=2...n, lower same).Under minimum master slave mode and hysteresis current control, major loop passage 1 will be as holotype, and namely N-MOS manages S1 with conducting always, output voltage V o ≈ Vi1.And major loop passage k will be as from pattern, and namely N-MOS pipe Sk turn-on and turn-off periodically, regulate iLk basically identical with the iL1 maintenance, realizes current-sharing.Detailed process is as follows:, because Vi1 is minimum, cause iL1 minimum in load current distributes, corresponding vcsen1 is also minimum, so the voltage vcsbus ≈ vcsen1 (being minimum master slave mode) on the sharing control bus.Rcs1j, Rcs2j in appropriate design equalizing control circuit j, Rcs3j, Rcs4j, Rcs5j, Rcs6j, the parameters such as Rcs7j, Rcs8j, can make reference voltage vcsref1j=vcsbus+Vref1j, vcsref2j=vcsbus+Vref2j, wherein Vref1j＞Vref2j (j=1...n).Due to vcsen1＜vcsref21, vgs1 will be high level always, make the S1 conducting always in major loop passage 1.For major loop passage k, when vcsenk＞vcsref1k, equalizing control circuit k drives the Sk cut-off, in major loop passage k, Vik, Cak, Rak, Dak, Lk, Co, R1 and Rsenk form loop, the Cak charging, inductance L k both end voltage vLk ≈ Vik-vcak-Vi1＜0 (vcaj is auxiliary capacitor Cak both end voltage), Lk discharge, iLk reduces, and vcsenk reduces thereupon.When vcsenk＜vcsref2k, equalizing control circuit k drives the Sk conducting, in major loop passage k, Vik, Sk, Lk, Co, R1 and Rsenk form loop, and Cak and Rak form another loop, and Cak discharges by Rak, inductance L k both end voltage vLk ≈ Vik-Vi1＞0, the Lk charging, iLk increases, and vcsenk increases thereupon until vcsenk＞vcsref1k, Sk will be cut off again, and major loop passage k enters next cycle period.Adopt method for controlling hysteresis loop current, the variation of iLk is limited in an interval, keeps basically identical with iL1 all the time.Can be similar to and think that vcak is constant when Cak is enough large.The effect of Rak is to absorb excess energy, makes Cak both end voltage vcak maintain certain level.Each main ideal operation waveform of foregoing circuit as shown in Figure 5.
The described content of this specification embodiment is only enumerating the way of realization of inventive concept; protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as only limiting to the concrete form that embodiment states, protection scope of the present invention also reaches conceives the equivalent technologies means that can expect according to the present invention in those skilled in the art.
Claims (2)
1. plug-in multi-passage current sharing interface circuit, comprise major loop, described major loop is composed in parallel by a plurality of major loop passages, all be connected with the equalizing control circuit of controlling its operating state on each described major loop passage, it is characterized in that: described major loop passage comprises input capacitance, the N-MOS pipe, auxiliary capacitor, auxiliary resistance, booster diode, inductance, output capacitance, described input capacitance is in parallel with parallel connection direct power module output voltage, the drain electrode while of described N-MOS pipe and the anode of parallel connection direct power module output voltage, one end of auxiliary capacitor and auxiliary resistance parallel branch is connected, the other end of described auxiliary capacitor and auxiliary resistance parallel branch and the anodic bonding of booster diode, the negative electrode while of described booster diode and the source electrode of described N-MOS pipe, one end of inductance is connected, the other end while of described inductance and an end of output capacitance, the anode of output voltage is connected, the other end while of described output capacitance and the negative terminal of parallel connection direct power module output voltage, the negative terminal of output voltage is connected, the two ends of described output voltage are parallel with load resistance,
The gate pole of the parallel connection direct power module output voltage anode of described major loop passage, the source electrode of N-MOS pipe, N-MOS pipe, the detection port of inductive current, parallel connection direct power module output voltage negative terminal are connected with corresponding external-connected port on equalizing control circuit respectively, and described equalizing control circuit also is provided with an external-connected port that is connected with the sharing control bus.
2. a kind of plug-in multi-passage current sharing interface circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described equalizing control circuit comprises accessory power supply, current detection circuit, current control circuit, current programming circuit, metal-oxide-semiconductor drive circuit,
Described accessory power supply parallel connection direct power module output voltage is boosted or the conversion process of step-down to be used for the providing work of equalizing control circuit remainder required various DC power supply voltages and reference voltage;
Described current detection circuit is used for receiving the inductive current information of the major loop passage that has converted voltage signal to and does suitably to process, then the current detecting result is flowed to current programming circuit and current control circuit;
Described current programming circuit is used for obtaining the required reference voltage of equal stream information generation current control circuit and this reference voltage being sent to current control circuit from the sharing control bus by equal flow algorithm;
Described current control circuit is used for current detecting result and the reference voltage that will receive and compares, and provides the driving instruction that metal-oxide-semiconductor opens or closes, and should drive instruction and send to the metal-oxide-semiconductor drive circuit;
Described metal-oxide-semiconductor drive circuit is used for carrying out the metal-oxide-semiconductor driving instruction of current control circuit, controls the operating state of metal-oxide-semiconductor.
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103001211B (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2016-08-03 | 广东易事特电源股份有限公司 | A kind of two dc power supply connection in series-parallel control circuit |
| CN103500995B (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2015-08-05 | 浙江工业大学 | Formula current sharing interface circuit can be presented containing three winding coupling inductance |
| CN103500994B (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2015-08-05 | 浙江工业大学 | The current sharing interface circuit of excess energy feedback output |
| CN103500993B (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2015-08-05 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of current sharing interface circuit of excess energy feedback output |
| CN103515948B (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2015-08-05 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of containing coupling inductance can present formula current sharing interface circuit |
| CN103515949B (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2015-08-05 | 浙江工业大学 | Formula current sharing interface circuit can be presented containing coupling inductance |
| CN104166449A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-11-26 | 浪潮(北京)电子信息产业有限公司 | Multiple power source parallel operation device and method |
| CN111697713B (en) * | 2019-03-16 | 2022-04-29 | 炬芯科技股份有限公司 | Wireless earphone charging control method, wireless earphone and charging box |
| CN110426549A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-08 | 上海爻火微电子有限公司 | The current detection circuit and electronic equipment of power channel |
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| CN202094631U (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2011-12-28 | 浙江工业大学 | Plug-in type multichannel current equalizing interface circuit |
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| US6014322A (en) * | 1997-08-14 | 2000-01-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Power supply unit, parallel operation control circuit applied thereto, and parallel operation control method |
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Effective date of registration: 20191225 Address after: 063000 China motor car city, Fengrun District, Tangshan City, Hebei Province (south of xiyangjiaying Village) Patentee after: Tangshan Runfeng Transformer Co.,Ltd. Address before: 510000 unit 2414-2416, building, No. five, No. 371, Tianhe District, Guangdong, China Patentee before: GUANGDONG GAOHANG INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OPERATION Co.,Ltd. Effective date of registration: 20191225 Address after: 510000 unit 2414-2416, building, No. five, No. 371, Tianhe District, Guangdong, China Patentee after: GUANGDONG GAOHANG INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OPERATION Co.,Ltd. Address before: Hangzhou City, Zhejiang province 310014 City Zhaohui District Six Patentee before: Zhejiang University of Technology |