CN102220498B - Method for preparing fine vanadium slag - Google Patents
Method for preparing fine vanadium slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN102220498B CN102220498B CN2011100824421A CN201110082442A CN102220498B CN 102220498 B CN102220498 B CN 102220498B CN 2011100824421 A CN2011100824421 A CN 2011100824421A CN 201110082442 A CN201110082442 A CN 201110082442A CN 102220498 B CN102220498 B CN 102220498B
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- iron
- slag
- vanadium slag
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- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 176
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 17
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;oxido(dioxo)vanadium Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][V](=O)=O UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010413 mother solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VQWFNAGFNGABOH-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(iii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Cr+3] VQWFNAGFNGABOH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- CMZUMMUJMWNLFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium metavanadate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][V](=O)=O CMZUMMUJMWNLFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 6
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- MXZRMHIULZDAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L ammonium magnesium phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O MXZRMHIULZDAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H magnesium phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000004137 magnesium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002261 magnesium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000157 magnesium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010994 magnesium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010446 mirabilite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052567 struvite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing fine vanadium slag from raw material vanadium slag, which comprises: crushing raw material vanadium slag and performing iron magnetic selection to obtain iron slag and vanadium slag obtained after iron selection; performing primary ball milling of vanadium slag obtained after iron selection, and performing primary powder selection to obtain primary coarse powder and primary fine powder serving as fine vanadium slag; sieving the primary coarse powder to obtain oversize powder and undersize powder; and performing secondary ball milling on the underside powder, and performing secondary powder selection to obtain secondary coarse powder and secondary fine powder serving as fine vanadium slag. When the method is used, the iron content in fine vanadium slag can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metallurgy. And more particularly, to a method for preparing fine vanadium slag.
Background
Vanadium has many excellent physicochemical properties and is widely applied to industries such as metallurgy, electronics, chemical engineering and the like, wherein about 85 percent of vanadium iron used for smelting is used as an alloy additive and is mainly used in the form of vanadium pentoxide. At present, vanadium pentoxide is mainly prepared from vanadium slag as a raw material, and the main methods comprise sodium roasting, pressurized alkali leaching, calcified roasting acid leaching, calcified roasting alkali liquor carbonation leaching and the like. The existing method for producing vanadium pentoxide has the problems of long process, high energy consumption, low efficiency and serious safety, sanitation and environmental pollution. With the stricter and stricter national requirements on environmental protection, the traditional preparation method of vanadium pentoxide can not meet the requirements on environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. To this end, an object of the present invention is to propose a method for preparing fine vanadium slag having an ability to reduce the iron content in the fine vanadium slag.
The method for preparing the fine vanadium slag from the raw material vanadium slag is characterized by comprising the following steps: crushing the raw material vanadium slag, and then carrying out magnetic iron separation to obtain iron slag and vanadium slag after iron separation; carrying out primary ball milling on the vanadium slag subjected to iron selection, and then carrying out primary powder selection to obtain primary coarse powder and primary fine powder serving as fine vanadium slag; screening the primary coarse powder to obtain oversize powder and undersize powder; and carrying out secondary ball milling on the undersize powder, and then carrying out secondary powder selection to obtain secondary coarse powder and secondary fine powder serving as fine vanadium slag.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing fine vanadium slag from raw material vanadium slag may further have the following additional technical features:
according to one embodiment of the invention, the iron slag is autogenously ground in an autogenous grinding machine and then subjected to magnetic separation to obtain iron and iron-vanadium-removed slag; and carrying out primary ball milling on the iron-removed vanadium slag and the iron-selected vanadium slag.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, further comprising: carrying out magnetic separation on the oversize powder to obtain iron and the oversize powder after iron separation; and carrying out secondary ball milling on the sieved powder subjected to iron selection and the sieved powder.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, further comprising: and returning the secondary coarse powder to perform secondary ball milling.
According to one embodiment of the invention, crushing the raw material vanadium slag, and then carrying out magnetic iron separation to obtain iron slag and vanadium slag after iron separation comprise: crushing the raw material vanadium slag for the first time; carrying out primary magnetic separation on the vanadium slag subjected to primary crushing to obtain primary iron slag and vanadium slag subjected to primary iron separation; carrying out secondary crushing on the vanadium slag subjected to the primary iron selection; and carrying out secondary magnetic separation on the vanadium slag subjected to secondary crushing to obtain secondary iron slag and vanadium slag subjected to secondary iron separation.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the iron content of the fine vanadium slag is 5 wt% or less.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the fine vanadium slag particle size is less than 150 microns.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the content of calcium oxide in the raw material vanadium slag is 3.5 wt% or less.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for preparing fine vanadium slag according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of two crushing and two magnetic separation processes for vanadium slag according to another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of further processing of the iron slag according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of further processing of the primary meal according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing fine vanadium slag according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic flow diagram of a fine vanadium slag roasting leaching method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic flow diagram of a fine vanadium slag roasting leaching method according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a process for preparing vanadium pentoxide from sodium vanadate according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a process for preparing vanadium pentoxide from sodium vanadate according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic flow diagram of a purification vanadium precipitation mother liquor of roasting leaching according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic flow diagram of a purification vanadium precipitation mother liquor of roasting leaching according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of an apparatus for preparing fine vanadium slag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of an apparatus for preparing fine vanadium slag according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of an apparatus for preparing fine vanadium slag according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of an apparatus for preparing fine vanadium slag according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a schematic view of an apparatus for preparing fine vanadium slag according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are for convenience of description of the present invention only and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the invention provides a method for purifying vanadium precipitation mother liquor. In the examples of the present invention, the meaning of the vanadium precipitation mother liquor should be understood in a broad sense and may be any of those containing hexavalent chromium, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and pentavalent vanadium. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the adopted vanadium precipitation mother liquor is the vanadium precipitation mother liquor generated in the process of preparing vanadium pentoxide by using fine vanadium slag. The method provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used as part of the total process for preparing vanadium pentoxide from vanadium slag. Specifically, the process for preparing vanadium pentoxide from vanadium slag comprises the following parts:
firstly, preparing fine vanadium slag from a vanadium slag raw material;
secondly, blending the fine vanadium slag, and then roasting and leaching to obtain a roasting leachate containing ammonium vanadate;
thirdly, preparing ammonium polyvanadate from the roasting leachate containing ammonium vanadate, further preparing vanadium pentoxide by drying, oxidizing and decomposing the ammonium polyvanadate, and simultaneously generating a vanadium precipitation mother solution; and
fourthly, purifying the obtained vanadium precipitation mother liquor.
For convenience of description, the technical scheme of the invention is described according to the above flow.
Preparation of fine vanadium slag
Referring to fig. 1, the method for preparing fine vanadium slag from raw vanadium slag according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
as shown in fig. 1, first, the raw material vanadium slag is crushed, and then iron is magnetically separated to obtain iron slag and iron-separated vanadium slag. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the raw material vanadium slag used in the present invention is not particularly limited and may be any material containing vanadium. According to a specific example of the invention, the raw material vanadium slag is "slag" of vanadium titano-magnetite after steel making, so that vanadium can be recovered from waste materials, and industrial cost is reduced, and the applicant finds that the "slag" of vanadium titano-magnetite after steel making is low in calcium content (the content of calcium oxide is less than 3.5 wt%), so that the obtained fine vanadium slag is suitable for the sodium roasting leaching method treatment process.
According to the embodiment of the invention, any known crusher can be used for crushing the raw vanadium slag, and any known magnetic separator can be used for magnetic separation. According to the embodiment of the invention, the raw material vanadium slag can be subjected to multistage crushing-magnetic separation treatment depending on the type of the raw material vanadium slag. For example, the raw material vanadium slag with the particle size of more than 500mm can be subjected to three times of crushing-magnetic separation treatment. The raw material vanadium slag with the particle size of less than 200mm can be subjected to crushing-magnetic separation treatment twice. Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of performing two-time crushing and two-time magnetic separation, specifically, firstly, performing one-time crushing on the raw material vanadium slag to reduce the particle size of the raw material vanadium slag, so as to obtain vanadium slag after one-time crushing; then, carrying out primary magnetic separation on the vanadium slag subjected to primary crushing to obtain primary iron slag and vanadium slag subjected to primary iron separation, wherein obviously, the iron content in the vanadium slag subjected to primary iron separation is obviously reduced; secondly, carrying out secondary crushing on the vanadium slag subjected to primary iron selection, and further reducing the particle size of the vanadium slag to obtain vanadium slag subjected to secondary crushing; and finally, carrying out secondary magnetic separation on the vanadium slag subjected to secondary crushing to obtain secondary iron slag and vanadium slag subjected to secondary iron separation, and further reducing the iron content in the vanadium slag. Therefore, the recovery efficiency of vanadium can be further improved, and the production efficiency of vanadium pentoxide can be further improved. The particle size of the vanadium slag after crushing-magnetic separation is less than 20mm, and the vanadium slag can be used for ball milling treatment for one time. It should be noted that the terms "primary", "secondary", and the like are used herein for convenience of distinction and do not denote a sequential relationship. According to the embodiment of the invention, the iron slag obtained in the crushing-magnetic separation treatment process can be further treated. Specifically, for example, referring to fig. 5, firstly, the iron slag is autogenously ground in an autogenous grinding machine, so that the vanadium slag can be physically separated from iron, and then magnetic separation is performed, so that iron and iron-removed vanadium slag can be obtained; the iron-removed vanadium slag can be combined with vanadium slag obtained in other steps after iron selection for subsequent primary ball milling treatment, the vanadium content in the obtained iron is less than 4 wt%, and the iron can be conveyed to a steel mill for smelting. Therefore, vanadium can be fully recovered, so that the production efficiency of vanadium pentoxide is improved, and iron is obtained.
Next, the vanadium slag after iron selection is subjected to primary ball milling, and also can be subjected to any ball mill known in the art, and according to the embodiment of the present invention, the vanadium slag after iron selection can be subjected to pre-homogenization treatment before ball milling, so that the finally obtained fine vanadium slag has uniform components. And then carrying out primary powder separation on the ball-milled vanadium slag to obtain primary coarse powder and primary fine powder serving as fine vanadium slag, wherein the skilled person can understand that any powder separator known in the field can be used for carrying out powder separation operation. Referring to fig. 4, the primary meal may be sieved to obtain oversize and undersize powders according to an embodiment of the present invention; and carrying out secondary ball milling on the undersize powder, and then carrying out secondary powder selection to obtain secondary coarse powder and secondary fine powder serving as fine vanadium slag. The fine vanadium slag which can be used for the subsequent roasting and leaching treatment can be obtained through the ball milling-powder selecting treatment. According to the embodiment of the invention, the oversize powder is subjected to magnetic separation to obtain iron and the oversize powder after iron separation, and the oversize powder after iron separation and the undersize powder are subjected to secondary ball milling. Therefore, vanadium can be further recovered, and the production efficiency of vanadium pentoxide is improved. In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the secondary coarse powder obtained by the secondary separation may be returned to perform the secondary separation operation together with the undersize after the iron separation. This can further improve the recovery efficiency of vanadium.
The method for preparing the fine vanadium slag according to the embodiment of the present invention, according to which the iron content of the obtained fine vanadium slag is 5 wt% or less, has been described above. This can improve the efficiency of the subsequent roasting-leaching treatment. In addition, according to another specific example of the present invention, the fine vanadium slag particle size is less than 150 μm. This can further improve the efficiency of the subsequent roasting-leaching treatment. In addition, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises the step of batching the obtained fine vanadium slag, i.e. mixing the obtained fine vanadium slag with sodium carbonate and water according to the stoichiometric proportion of sodium roasting to obtain a roasting mixture for roasting reaction, also called raw meal, so as to facilitate the subsequent roasting leaching reaction. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the addition amount of sodium carbonate may be stoichiometrically excessive, so that the resulting fine vanadium slag can be sufficiently roasted and leached, thereby enabling the recovery efficiency of vanadium to be improved. According to other embodiments of the invention, leaching slag obtained by roasting and leaching reaction can be added in the process of proportioning, so that the recovery efficiency of vanadium can be improved. In addition, according to the specific embodiment of the invention, secondary mixing can be performed, so that good uniformity is realized, and subsequent treatment is facilitated.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an apparatus for preparing fine vanadium slag. Next, the applicant describes an apparatus for preparing fine vanadium slag. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection or a removable connection; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 12 to 16, an apparatus for preparing fine vanadium slag according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below. According to an embodiment of the invention, the equipment for preparing the fine vanadium slag comprises a first crusher, a first magnetic separator, a first ball mill, a first powder concentrator, a first screening machine, a second ball mill and a second powder concentrator. The first crusher is used for crushing the raw material vanadium slag for the first time to obtain primary crushed vanadium slag; the first magnetic separator is connected with the first crusher and is used for carrying out primary magnetic separation on the primary crushed vanadium slag to obtain iron slag and vanadium slag after iron separation; the first ball mill is connected with the first magnetic separator, and primary ball milling is carried out on the vanadium slag after iron selection to obtain vanadium slag subjected to primary ball milling; the first powder selecting machine is connected with the first ball mill and is used for carrying out primary powder selection on the vanadium slag subjected to primary ball milling to obtain primary coarse powder and primary fine powder serving as fine vanadium slag; the first screening machine is connected with the first powder selecting machine and is used for screening the primary coarse powder to obtain oversize powder and undersize powder; the second ball mill is connected with the first sieving machine and is used for carrying out secondary ball milling on the oversize powder to obtain the oversize powder subjected to secondary ball milling; and the second powder concentrator is connected with the second ball mill and is used for carrying out secondary powder concentration on the undersize powder subjected to secondary ball milling to obtain secondary coarse powder and secondary fine powder serving as fine vanadium slag. Thus, with the above apparatus, fine vanadium slag can be produced.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the iron content of the obtained fine vanadium slag is 5 wt% or less. This can improve the efficiency of the subsequent roasting-leaching treatment. In addition, according to another specific example of the present invention, the fine vanadium slag particle size is less than 150 μm. This can further improve the efficiency of the subsequent roasting-leaching treatment.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the equipment for preparing the fine vanadium slag can further comprise an autogenous mill, wherein the autogenous mill is connected with the first magnetic separator and is used for autogenous milling of the iron slag to obtain the autogenous milled iron slag; and the second magnetic separator is respectively connected with the autogenous mill and the first ball mill and is used for carrying out magnetic separation on the iron slag subjected to autogenous milling to obtain iron and first iron and vanadium removing slag, and inputting the first iron and vanadium removing slag to the first ball mill to carry out primary ball milling together with the vanadium slag subjected to iron separation. According to the embodiment of the invention, the equipment for preparing the fine vanadium slag can further comprise a third magnetic separator, wherein the third magnetic separator is respectively connected with the first screening machine and the second ball mill and is used for carrying out magnetic separation on the powder on the screen to obtain iron and third iron-vanadium-removing slag, and the third iron-vanadium-removing slag is input into the second ball mill to be subjected to secondary ball milling together with the powder under the screen. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for preparing fine vanadium slag may further include a secondary coarse powder returned to the second ball mill to perform secondary ball milling on the secondary coarse powder. According to the embodiment of the invention, the equipment for preparing the fine vanadium slag can further comprise a second crusher, wherein the second crusher is connected with the first magnetic separator and is used for carrying out secondary crushing on the vanadium slag after iron selection to obtain secondary crushed vanadium slag; and the fourth magnetic separator is connected with the second crusher and the first ball mill and is used for carrying out magnetic separation on the secondary crushed vanadium slag to obtain iron slag and fourth iron and vanadium removing slag. The advantages of the features of the device have already been described in the introduction to the method described above and will not be described further here.
Roasting leaching
After the fine vanadium slag is prepared, the fine vanadium slag and sodium carbonate are mixed and roasted to generate sodium vanadate, and the sodium vanadate can be soaked in water because the sodium vanadate is soluble in water, so that the leachate containing the sodium vanadate is obtained.
Specifically, referring to fig. 6, the roasting leaching includes, according to an embodiment of the present invention, first adding sodium carbonate, which is added in the form of particles, to the fine vanadium slag obtained as described above and mixing to obtain a roasted mixture. Then, the roasting mixture is roasted at the temperature of 700-850 ℃, trivalent or quadrivalent vanadium is oxidized into pentavalent vanadium oxide, and Na which is decomposed at high temperature with sodium carbonate is obtained2And (3) generating sodium vanadate which is easy to dissolve in water under the action of O, and obtaining a roasting material containing the sodium vanadate so as to be convenient for water leaching. The time for the calcination is not particularly limited, and according to a specific example of the present invention, the time for the calcination is 3 to 6 hours, whereby the reaction can be more thoroughly performed with cost saving。
And then, carrying out water quenching on the roasted material, and rapidly cooling to be below 100 ℃. The applicant has found that sodium vanadate forms water insoluble species when the roasted mass is slowly cooled and the recovery efficiency of vanadium is low. When the vanadium is rapidly cooled to below 100 ℃ by adopting water quenching treatment, the condition can be avoided, and the recovery efficiency of the vanadium can be improved.
And then, carrying out ball milling on the roasted material after water quenching to obtain slurry, and carrying out water leaching on the slurry to obtain leached slurry. Since sodium vanadate is soluble in water, sodium vanadate is dissolved in water during the water immersion process to form a leachate containing sodium vanadate. Because the roasted material after water quenching is subjected to roasted material ball milling before water leaching, the water leaching efficiency can be greatly improved. The amount of water added during the water leaching is here in excess based on the solubility of the sodium vanadate. In addition, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the leaching is continuously performed, for example, in a plurality of continuous leaching chambers, whereby the leaching efficiency can be improved, and thus the production efficiency of vanadium pentoxide can be improved.
And finally, filtering the obtained leaching slurry to obtain filter residue and leaching solution containing sodium vanadate. Referring to fig. 7, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the filter residue may be returned to be subjected to water leaching, whereby the recovery efficiency of vanadium may be improved. Specifically, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the filter residue is first washed, and the washed solution is ball-milled together with the water-quenched roasted material. Therefore, the recovery efficiency of vanadium can be further improved, and the production efficiency of vanadium pentoxide can be further improved. In addition, the applicant finds that the filter residue obtained by the fine vanadium slag roasting leaching method provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for preparing black ceramics, solar heat absorbing plates and the like, so that the utilization value of waste is improved. According to the embodiment of the present invention, magnesium sulfate may be added after roasting the fine vanadium slag with sodium carbonate, whereby magnesium phosphate precipitate may be generated, thereby enabling the phosphorus content in the leachate to be reduced. The manner and timing of addition of magnesium sulfate is not limited at all. Referring to fig. 7, an aqueous magnesium sulfate solution may be added during ball milling after water quenching. In addition, ammonium sulfate can be further added, so that magnesium ammonium phosphate with lower solubility is generated, and the phosphorus removal effect is better. In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, aluminum sulfate may be further added, thereby generating aluminum silicate precipitate to remove silicon in the leachate. The adding mode and the adding time of the aluminum sulfate are not limited at all. Referring to fig. 7, an aqueous aluminum sulfate solution may be added during ball milling after water quenching. Therefore, the purity of the leaching solution can be improved, and the purity of the prepared vanadium pentoxide can be further improved. It is also possible to directly perform washing with an aqueous solution containing magnesium sulfate, optionally with addition of at least one of ammonium sulfate and aluminum sulfate, in the washing process. According to other embodiments of the present invention, magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and aluminum sulfate may be added to the leachate, and the leachate may be purified by filtration. The ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and aluminum sulfate added here are stoichiometrically excessive relative to the amount of phosphorus and/or silicon to be removed, whereby the effect of purification can be enhanced.
Preparation of vanadium pentoxide
After the leachate containing sodium vanadate is obtained, ammonium polyvanadate can be obtained through the reaction of sodium vanadate and ammonium sulfate, and the ammonium polyvanadate is further heated, decomposed and oxidized to obtain vanadium pentoxide.
Specifically, according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 8, ammonium sulfate is added to the leachate containing sodium vanadate, and the pH is adjusted to 1.5 to 2, and then heated at a temperature of 90 to 100 degrees celsius to generate a mixed solution containing ammonium polyvanadate precipitate; filtering and washing the mixed solution containing the ammonium polyvanadate precipitate to obtain an ammonium polyvanadate precipitate and a vanadium precipitation mother solution; and heating and decomposing the ammonium polyvanadate precipitate at the temperature of 400-500 ℃ for oxidation to generate vanadium pentoxide. According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 9, the generation of the mixed solution containing ammonium polyvanadate precipitate comprises the following steps: carrying out primary pH adjustment on the leachate containing sodium vanadate until the pH value is 6-7; adding ammonium sulfate into the solution containing sodium vanadate and subjected to primary pH adjustment, and then heating at the temperature of 80-90 ℃ to form mixed solution containing ammonium vanadate; carrying out secondary pH adjustment on the mixed solution containing ammonium vanadate until the pH value is 1.5-2; and heating the mixed solution containing ammonium vanadate after the secondary pH adjustment at the temperature of 90-100 ℃ to generate mixed solution containing ammonium polyvanadate precipitate. Therefore, the generation efficiency of ammonium polyvanadate can be greatly improved. In the present invention, the means for adjusting pH is not limited at all, and according to the embodiment of the present invention, the primary pH adjustment and/or the secondary pH adjustment is performed using sulfuric acid. In the present invention, the method for performing filtration is not particularly limited, and according to an embodiment of the present invention, the water content of the ammonium polyvanadate precipitate is less than 40 wt%, preferably 10 to 40 wt%, thereby facilitating the subsequent treatment, and a large amount of energy can be saved and energy consumption can be reduced in the subsequent thermal decomposition oxidation process due to the low water content. The ammonium polyvanadate can be dried firstly and then decomposed and oxidized in a rotary furnace. The apparatus and method for drying ammonium polyvanadate according to the embodiment of the present invention are not particularly limited and may be performed using any apparatus known in the art. According to specific examples of the present invention, flash drying equipment known in the art may be used, as well as vacuum drying process methods and equipment. Of course, the drying, decomposing and oxidizing steps can be completed in one step in the rotary kiln. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the applicant finds that the water content of the filtered ammonium polyvanadate precipitate is relatively low, the drying, decomposing and oxidizing steps can be completed in the rotary furnace at one time, and the step of independently drying is saved, so that a large amount of energy is saved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the effects of environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction are realized. According to the embodiment of the invention, after the vanadium pentoxide is generated, the obtained vanadium pentoxide is heated and melted at 800 ℃, and then the vanadium pentoxide is cooled and crushed to have the particle size of less than 10mm to obtain the tablet vanadium pentoxide. The obtained tablet vanadium pentoxide can be directly used in the steel smelting industry.
Purification of vanadium precipitation mother liquor
In the process of preparing vanadium pentoxide by vanadium precipitation, vanadium precipitation mother liquor is obtained, and the vanadium precipitation mother liquor contains hexavalent chromium, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and pentavalent vanadium. Hexavalent chromium and pentavalent vanadium are toxic, and thus if the vanadium precipitation mother liquor is directly discharged, serious pollution is caused.
According to an embodiment of the invention, referring to fig. 10 and 11, the purification of the vanadium precipitation mother liquor comprises: providing a vanadium precipitation mother solution, wherein the vanadium precipitation mother solution contains hexavalent chromium, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and pentavalent vanadium; adding sulfur dioxide into the vanadium precipitation mother liquor to obtain mixed liquor in which hexavalent chromium is reduced to trivalent chromium and neutralizing the mixed liquor to be alkaline so as to generate precipitation liquid containing chromium hydroxide precipitation; and filtering the solution after the precipitation containing the chromium hydroxide precipitate to obtain the chromium hydroxide precipitate and a filtrate containing sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and pentavalent vanadium. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the sulfur dioxide is prepared by burning sulfur, which can save cost and facilitate preservation of sulfur. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the reduction potential is controlled by controlling the addition amount of sulfur dioxide so that only hexavalent chromium is reduced to trivalent chromium and pentavalent vanadium is not reduced. Thus, the pentavalent vanadium can be returned to the preparation of the vanadium pentoxide. Specifically, according to one example of the present invention, the filtrate containing sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and sodium vanadate is evaporated at a temperature of 100-120 degrees celsius to obtain sodium sulfate crystals, and a solution containing ammonium sulfate, pentavalent vanadium, and residual sodium sulfate. The applicant has found that sodium sulfate crystals obtained by crystallization at a temperature of 100-120 degrees celsius do not contain crystal water, and that, according to a specific example of the present invention, high-purity mirabilite (purity of 99.5-99.9%) can be obtained by subjecting the obtained sodium sulfate crystals to refining filtration. In addition, the solution containing ammonium sulfate, pentavalent vanadium, and residual sodium sulfate can be returned to make vanadium pentoxide. Thereby making the best use of things, avoiding the problem of environmental pollution caused by direct discharge and improving the economic benefit.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing vanadium pentoxide, comprising:
crushing the raw material vanadium slag, and then carrying out magnetic iron separation to obtain iron slag and vanadium slag after iron separation;
carrying out primary ball milling on the vanadium slag subjected to iron selection, and then carrying out primary powder selection to obtain primary coarse powder and primary fine powder serving as fine vanadium slag;
screening the primary coarse powder to obtain oversize powder and undersize powder;
performing secondary ball milling on the undersize powder, performing secondary powder selection to obtain secondary coarse powder and secondary fine powder serving as fine vanadium slag,
wherein,
the iron content of the fine vanadium slag is less than 5 weight percent,
the granularity of the fine vanadium slag is less than 150 microns,
the content of calcium oxide in the raw material vanadium slag is less than 3.5 weight percent,
further comprising the step of batching the obtained fine vanadium slag with sodium carbonate and water, and then carrying out roasting leaching to obtain a roasting leaching solution containing ammonium vanadate; preparing ammonium polyvanadate from a roasting leachate containing ammonium vanadate, further preparing vanadium pentoxide by drying, oxidizing and decomposing the ammonium polyvanadate, and simultaneously generating a vanadium precipitation mother solution; and purifying the obtained vanadium precipitation mother liquor,
wherein, the purification of the vanadium precipitation mother liquor comprises the following steps: providing a vanadium precipitation mother solution, wherein the vanadium precipitation mother solution contains hexavalent chromium, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and pentavalent vanadium; adding sulfur dioxide into the vanadium precipitation mother liquor to obtain mixed liquor in which hexavalent chromium is reduced to trivalent chromium and neutralizing the mixed liquor to be alkaline so as to generate precipitation liquid containing chromium hydroxide precipitation; and filtering the solution after the precipitation containing the chromium hydroxide precipitate to obtain the chromium hydroxide precipitate and a filtrate containing sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and pentavalent vanadium.
2. The method for preparing vanadium pentoxide according to claim 1, comprising:
autogenously grinding the iron slag in an autogenous mill, and then carrying out magnetic separation to obtain iron and iron-removed vanadium slag; and
and carrying out primary ball milling on the iron-removed vanadium slag and the iron-selected vanadium slag.
3. The method for preparing vanadium pentoxide according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
carrying out magnetic separation on the oversize powder to obtain iron and the oversize powder after iron separation; and
and carrying out secondary ball milling on the sieved powder subjected to iron selection and the sieved powder.
4. The method for preparing vanadium pentoxide according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
and returning the secondary coarse powder to perform secondary ball milling.
5. The method for preparing vanadium pentoxide according to claim 1, wherein the step of crushing the raw material vanadium slag and then carrying out magnetic iron separation to obtain iron slag and iron-separated vanadium slag comprises the following steps:
crushing the raw material vanadium slag for the first time;
carrying out primary magnetic separation on the vanadium slag subjected to primary crushing to obtain primary iron slag and vanadium slag subjected to primary iron separation;
carrying out secondary crushing on the vanadium slag subjected to the primary iron selection; and
and carrying out secondary magnetic separation on the vanadium slag subjected to secondary crushing to obtain secondary iron slag and vanadium slag subjected to secondary iron separation.
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| CN106367607A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-02-01 | 重庆科技学院 | Method for stepwise recovering valuable metal in converter slag |
| CN108130425A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-06-08 | 攀枝花学院 | The method that vanadium slag pre-processes desiliconization and medium circulation |
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