CN102218596A - Serial-parallel laser process machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a serial-parallel laser processing machine tool, which relates to the technical field of laser processing machine tools and consists of three parts: a serial-parallel machine tool (1), a laser system (2) and a control system (3); the serial-parallel machine tool (1) includes a bed Body (4), horizontal guide rail (5), three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism (6) and worktable (9); the three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism (6) includes three driving sliders (11), a fixed platform (10), Hooke hinge (13), three linear guides (15), moving platform (14) and three connecting rods (12). The present invention fully combines the characteristics of the large movement range of the series mechanism and the high movement precision of the parallel mechanism, and also combines the flexible connection of the optical fiber transmission, so that the new series-parallel laser processing machine tool is suitable for cutting and welding workpieces, and has a large processing range and high movement accuracy. The advantages of high precision and good processing flexibility.

Description

A series-parallel laser processing machine tool

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing machine tools, in particular to a series-parallel machine tool for laser processing, which can realize welding and cutting of steel plates in the shipbuilding industry, and can also be used for high-efficiency, high-efficiency, High-precision processing.

Background technique

At present, laser technology and parallel machine tools are one of the research hotspots of various scientific research institutions and one of the high-speed economic growth points of the market. Therefore, the organic combination of laser technology and parallel machine tools will help promote the wide application of laser technology in industrial production. Utilizing parallel machine tool technology, fast off-line programming, data program-controlled production methods, high-speed cutting, precision drilling and efficient logistics automation can be realized, which leads to high machining accuracy, fast response, greatly shortened cutting cycle, and greatly improved productivity. Businesses bring new opportunities and markets.

In the process of laser processing, the processing of workpieces has gradually increased the requirements for high precision and high efficiency. In the traditional laser processing mechanism, the tandem mechanism is used for workpiece processing. This kind of tandem mechanism machine tool has the characteristics of large movement space, but its speed is slow and its rigidity is low. The parallel mechanism has the advantages of good rigidity, fast speed and high precision, but its working space is limited. For example, the invention patent of patent publication number CN1775449 has limited working space perpendicular to the moving direction of the guide rail. The series-parallel machine tool developed based on the parallel mechanism has the advantages of high rigidity, small motion inertia and high precision of the parallel mechanism. At the same time, it can form a complementary relationship in structure and performance when combined with the series mechanism, and can complete tasks that are difficult for traditional series machine tools to complete. , so as to achieve higher processing flexibility and efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a new type of laser processing machine tool suitable for laser welding and cutting characteristics, which fully combines the advantages of series and parallel motion mechanisms and the characteristics of laser processing, and realizes the improvement of processing range and precision, so as to overcome the traditional laser processing machine tools and Defects of parallel mechanisms.

The invention consists of three parts: a series-parallel machine tool, a laser system and a control system. The series-parallel machine tool is composed of a bed, a horizontal guide rail, a three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism, an optical fiber, a laser head, and a workbench. The three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism includes three driving sliders, a fixed platform, a Hooke hinge, three linear guide rails, a moving platform and three connecting rods. The fixed platform is a long cube with a trapezoidal groove on the lower part. Three linear guide rails are respectively installed on the top and bottom of both sides of the trapezoidal groove. Three driving sliders are respectively arranged on the three linear guide rails. The three driving sliders are respectively One end of the three connecting rods is connected through a Hooke hinge, and the other ends of the three connecting rods are respectively connected to the driving platform through a Hooke hinge. The fixed platform is connected to the bed through horizontal guide rails. The laser head of the laser system is set on the center of the moving platform bracket. The control system is connected to the laser system through a communication line, and the laser system is controlled to generate laser pulses, which are transmitted to the laser head through an optical fiber; the control system is connected to the series-parallel machine tool through a communication line to control the series-parallel machine tool.

The three driving sliders move linearly on the three linear guide rails, and are transmitted to the connecting rods through the Hooke hinge. The three sets of connecting rods are connected to the moving platform through the Hooke hinge, and the motion is synthesized into the position of the moving platform. The position of the middle driving slider group is higher than that of the sliders on both sides, and the combined motion position of the connecting rod group and the moving platform is determined by the distribution of the positions of the middle slider and the sliders on both sides. The bottom surface of the horizontal guide rail is fixed with the upper plane of the fixed platform of the three-degree-of-freedom parallel kinematic mechanism, so that the horizontal guide rail can drive the three-degree-of-freedom parallel kinematic mechanism to move along the X-axis direction shown in the figure.

The control system of the present invention can be a dedicated numerical control system or an open numerical control system of PC. The whole control system includes two parts: the control part of the three-translation parallel mechanism and the control part of the fixed platform sliding. The control software of the present invention needs to meet the requirements of the CNC programming software for workpiece track planning, error compensation, code generation, interpolation calculation, axis servo control, etc.

The effect of the invention is that the three groups of driving sliders can be translated in the direction of the guide rails on the three parallel guide rails, and a larger working space can be obtained. The fixed platform has a trapezoidal groove structure on the lower part. This structure is connected with three connecting rods. This structure has good stability and reliable operation. At the same time, it shortens the length of the connecting rods on both sides without affecting the working space. Further improve the processing stability of parallel machine tools. The use of three parallel rails, compared with two rails or single rails, is not only conducive to the control of the control system, preventing the interference of the drive slider, but also conducive to the improvement of the working space. In addition, the series-parallel structure is adopted, and the movable range of the horizontal guide rail further improves the working space of the three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism, thereby improving the overall working space of the machine tool.

The invention not only can greatly improve the work efficiency, but also greatly increases the scope of the work space in combination with the characteristics of the series-parallel mechanism. At the same time, optical fiber transmission is adopted, which has the advantages of simple equipment, flexible transmission, and convenient installation, which makes laser processing easy to achieve flexibility, and the related control technology is mature and easy to operate.

Description of drawings

The content of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a serial-parallel laser processing machine tool of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the serial-parallel machine tool of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the initial position structure of the three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a certain position of the three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the three-degree-of-freedom parallel kinematic mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 series parallel machine tool, 2 laser system, 3 control system, 4 bed, 5 horizontal guide rail, 6 three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism, 7 optical fiber, 8 laser head, 9 workbench, 10 fixed platform, 11 drive slider , 12 connecting rods, 13 Hooke hinges, 14 moving platforms, 15 linear guides.

Detailed ways

The serial-parallel machine tool for laser processing of the present invention is shown in Figure 1 : it consists of three parts: a serial-parallel machine tool 1 , a laser system 2 and a control system 3 . Its working principle is that the control system sends out control instructions, one end is sent to the serial-parallel kinematic machine tool, and the other end is sent to the laser system, so that the serial-parallel kinematic machine tool drives the laser head to move according to the instructions, and the laser head is sent by the laser system according to the processing instructions of the control system. Laser pulses .

The serial-parallel kinematic machine tool mechanism of the present invention is shown in Figure 2: it consists of a bed 4, a horizontal guide rail 5, a three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism 6, an optical fiber 7, a laser head 8, and a workbench 9. The bottom surface of the horizontal guide rail 5 is fixed together with the upper plane of the fixed platform 10 of the three-degree-of-freedom parallel kinematic mechanism, so that the horizontal guide rail can drive the three-degree-of-freedom parallel kinematic mechanism to move along the X-axis direction shown in the figure.

The structural initial position of the three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism of the present invention is as shown in Figure 2: three driving sliders 11, a fixed platform 10, a Hooke hinge 13, a linear guide rail 15, a moving platform 14 and three groups of connecting rods 12; A working position is shown in Figure 4.

The working principle of the three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism of the present invention is shown in Fig. 5, wherein the moving platform is simplified as point P. The working principle of the three-translation parallel mechanism part is that the horizontal position of the three drive sliders 11 on the linear guide rail 15 is transferred to the three sets of connecting rods with the length of the fixed rods through the Hooke hinge 13. The rods L1 and L3 are restraining rods. At the end of the driving slider, the Hooke hinges of the connecting rods L1 and L3 are at the same level, and the Hooke hinges of the connecting rod L2 are higher than the aforementioned Hooke hinges. At the end of the moving platform, the Hooke hinges of the connecting rods L1, L3 and L2 The location is close. When the mechanism is working, change the values of Y1 and Y3, and control the point P of the brake platform to achieve translation in the XOZ plane through the rods L1 and L3. At this time, the value of Y2 remains unchanged, and the rod L2 and the middle drive slider move accordingly; change the value of Y2 , through the rod L2 to control the movement of the braking platform along Y, at this time, the values of Y1 and Y3 change with the change of Y2, so that the sliders on both sides are driven to follow up; while changing Y1, Y2 and Y3, long-distance movement in the Y direction can be realized. It can realize the spatial three-translation movement of point P of the moving platform.

The present invention can determine the proportional size of the mechanism according to specific processing needs and technological requirements, and use different control systems to realize motion control.

Claims (2)

1. a connection in series-parallel laser process machine is characterized in that, is made up of connection in series-parallel lathe (1), laser system (2) and control system (3) three parts; Described connection in series-parallel lathe (1) comprises lathe bed (4), horizontal guide rail (5), 3-freedom parallel mechanism (6) and workbench (9); Described 3-freedom parallel mechanism (6) comprises that three drive slide block (11), fixed platform (10), Hooke's hinge (13), three line slideways (15), moving platform (14) and three connecting rods (12); Described fixed platform (10) has the strip cube of trapezoidal groove for the bottom, three line slideways (15) are installed in the top and two side bottoms of trapezoidal groove respectively, three drive slide block (11) and are arranged at respectively on three line slideways, three drive slide block (11) connects three connecting rods (12) respectively by Hooke's hinge (13) a end, and the other end of three connecting rods (12) connects moving platform (14) by Hooke's hinge (13) respectively; Described fixed platform (10) connects lathe bed (4) by horizontal guide rail (5); The laser optical head (8) of described laser system (2) is arranged at moving platform (14) upper bracket center, and laser optical head (8) points to workbench (9); Described control system (3) links to each other with laser system (2) by order wire, and the control laser system produces laser pulse, and laser pulse is transferred to laser optical head (8) by optical fiber (7); Link to each other control connection in series-parallel lathe between control system (3) and the connection in series-parallel lathe (1) by order wire.

2. a kind of connection in series-parallel laser process machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described control system (3) comprises the control section of three translation parallel mechanism and the control section that fixed platform is slided.

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