Background technology
Inflammation is the reaction based on defence that the body living tissue takes place various damage factors, and Clinical symptoms is red, swollen, hot, bitterly, is that pro-inflammatory cytokine stimulates and has the biological tissue of vascular system to the reaction of local damage.Its pathological process is divided into generally that early stage capillary permeability is hyperfunction, the blood vessel content oozes out, edema and the connective tissue proliferation in late period, granuloma form; Pain refers to the somesthesia that tissue injury is relevant with potential tissue injury, and when tissue inflammation or damage, the injury discharges algogenic substances such as Kallidin I, histamine, 5-hydroxy tryptamine, PG, and they stimulate the sensor of afferent nerve endings, produce pain sensation impulsion.Inflammation and pain are the common pathological processes of multiple disease, and the medicine of anti-inflammatory and antalgic mostly is the nonsteroidal chemicals at present, it is by suppressing prostaglandin (prostaglandins, PGs) synthetic necessary epoxidase (cyclo-oxygenase, COX), disturb PGs synthetic, thereby reach anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect.Yet said medicine also exists simultaneously because serious adverse reactions such as the injury of gastrointestinal tract that inhibition PGs causes, renal dysfunction have significant values so develop the Chinese herbal medicine of anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect.
Adinandra nitida (Adinandra nitida Merr.ex Li) is that Theaceae (Theaceae) Yang Tong belongs to (Adinandra) plant, mainly is distributed in the provinces and regions such as Guangxi, Guangdong, Guizhou of China, aboundresources.With its fresh and tender leaf make for tea---stone precipice tea has the long history of drinking among the people, have antiinflammatory, detoxifcation, blood pressure lowering, bring down a fever, multiple function [Chen Meizhen such as hemostasis, sterilization, analgesia, Yu Jie, She Gangzhe, Deng. the analysis [J] of wild clint tea nutritional labeling and medicinal ingredient. research and development of natural products, 1996,8 (1): 84-86].
Chemical research shows, the Adinandra nitida leaf contains flavonoid 20%, tea polyphenols 23.47%, aminoacid 0.4%, wherein separate the flavone compound with anti-inflammatory pain-stopping effect that obtains and mainly contain following several [Wang Ying, Chen Sibao, Ni Jie, Deng. the chemical constitution study of Adinandra nitida [J]. China Medicine University's journal, 2003,34 (5): 407-409]:
Think at present, the Adinandra nitida leaf mainly by flavones ingredient performance pharmacological action [Chen Yue, She Gangzhe, Chen Honglin. the research [J] of Adinandra nitida extract anti-tumor activity. University Of Shantou's journal (natural science edition), 1996,12 (2): 43-45; The war space, Liang Minhua. the Continuous Countercurrent Extraction of flavonoid and antioxidant activity research in the Adinandra nitida leaf. Food Science .2010,31 (14): 97-100; Yuan Erdong, the young monarch of Xiao, Liu Benguo. the research [J] of the extraction of Adinandra nitida leaf flavonoids and bacteriostatic activity. modern food science and technology, 2009,25 (3): 305-308], and be widely used in the treatment [Wu Limao of cardiovascular disease, Li Lianda. purposes of shiyacha total flavone and preparation method thereof: China, 200610050392[P] .2006-09-20] and the exploitation of health food [war space, Peng Shengyi. a kind of Adinandra nitida leaf flavone oral tablet and preparation method: China, 200910214128[P] .2010-06-16] and etc. the aspect.
Above-mentioned research has confirmed that fully the Adinandra nitida leaf is that a kind of low toxicity, pharmacological action have the plant that medicinal exploitation is worth widely.And Adinandra nitida leaf and position thereof have or not the research of anti-inflammatory and antalgic drug effect effect, and not seeing as yet both at home and abroad has report.For this reason, we have carried out the pharmacodynamic experiment of anti-inflammatory and antalgic to the Adinandra nitida leaf, find that Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position has good anti-inflammatory pain-stopping effect.
The specific embodiment
For characteristics of the present invention and essence are described better, the pharmacological tests of Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position anti-inflammatory and antalgic is provided with the form of embodiment below, illustrate that it is in the purposes of medical technical field.
Below be embodiments of the invention, specific embodiment is not done any restriction to the present invention:
Embodiment one: the preparation method at Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position
The leaf of the Adinandra nitida plant that to dry is pulverized, with the alcohol reflux of press 2 times of 50-60% of weight of material (volumetric concentration) 3 times, and each 3 hours, filtration, merging filtrate obtains Adinandra nitida leaf alcoholic solution.Again ethanol is reclaimed in the distilling under reduced pressure of Adinandra nitida leaf alcoholic solution, obtain Adinandra nitida leaf ethanol condensed cream.Then with Adinandra nitida leaf condensed cream with 5000 rev/mins of centrifugal 10-15min of rotating speed, make it be divided into supernatant and precipitation two parts.With supernatant equimultiple ethyl acetate extraction, obtain Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate extract; Precipitate is added the lixiviate of 3 times of amount ethyl acetate room temperatures, centrifugal, obtain Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate lixiviating solution.At last extract and lixiviating solution are merged, ethyl acetate is reclaimed in distilling under reduced pressure, and drying obtains the Adinandra nitida ethyl acetate extract.
Embodiment two: the position acute toxicity test of Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate
Choose 20 of body weight 18-22g mices, male and female half and half, fasting be can't help water 16 hours, gastric infusion secondary in one day, dosing interval 6 hours, each filling stomach gives the Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position medicinal liquid of Cmax (0.085g/ml), maximum volume (40ml/kg), reaches in 7 days thereafter poisoning symptom and death condition that the observed and recorded mice occurs after the administration at once.Observation period puts to death survival mice and carries out gross necropsy when finishing, to observe the pathological changes of internal organs.
Table 1 Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position acute toxicity test process mice body weight change situation
The maximum dosage-feeding of gastric infusion secondary is 6.85g/kg in the Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position medicinal liquid one day, and mice outward appearance, behavioral activity, the mental status, appetite are all no abnormal after the administration.After observation period finishes, 20 none death of mice, the body weight gain rate is 14.6% (seeing table 1 for details), lives in killing and dissects, internal organs such as the perusal heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain do not see that pathological changes is arranged.
Embodiment three: the analgesic activity at Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position
1. Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position is to the analgesic activity (hot plate method) of mice
Setting intelligent hot-plate instrument temperature is 55 ℃, begins test after hot plate temperature reaches preset temperature.Choose body weight at the 18-22g female mice, each one is placed on the hot plate, and mice back foot phenomenon required time (second) occurred licking as the pain threshold of this Mus, selects the mice of pain threshold between 5s and 30s to be for experiment.Therefrom choose 50 of qualified mices, be divided into five groups at random, every group 10, be respectively the heavy dose of group in blank group, tramadol hydrochloride group and Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position (according to the acute toxicity test in mice result, this test establish maximal dose be about acute toxicity test dosage 1/4), middle dosage group, low dose group.Each group is all measured pain threshold before the administration, and by the group gastric infusion, 60min, 90min, 120min measure the mice pain threshold respectively to mice after the administration respectively.If 60s is still reactionless, mice is taken out, in order to avoid scald, its pain threshold is pressed 60s and is calculated.The results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position to the analgesic activity (hot plate method) of mice (
N=10)
Annotate: with comparison before the administration,
*P<0.05
*P<0.01; Compare #p<0.05 with the blank group
Result's (table 2) shows, with before the administration relatively, Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate low dose group (0.42g/kg) is failed significant difference in each time period, but the trend of the pain threshold level of the mice that is improved; With the comparison of blank group, Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate low dose group (0.42g/kg), can significantly improve the pain threshold level of mice 60min, 90min, 120min.Take all factors into consideration, Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate dosage adopts 0.42g/kg (Mus is heavy) in the follow-up test research, and the follow-up test result has also supported this selection.
2. Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position is to the analgesic activity (mechanical stimulus method) of rat
Get the SD rat, 180-280g, male and female half and half are divided into four groups at random, 10 every group, are respectively blank group, tramadol hydrochloride group and Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate group.Place in the test-cage respectively, allow the rat state of being kept upright, the Mus foot is stepped on the grid of test-cage, the probe of intelligent machine twinge instrument is penetrated by the grid below, and twinge is tried the toes bottom of rat, lifts foot as the index that arrives the threshold of pain with rat, read the basic threshold of pain of its force value before as administration, then by the group gastric infusion, and after administration 30,60,120,180min measures the pain threshold of each time, the relatively variation of pain threshold before and after the administration.The results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position to the analgesic activity (mechanical stimulus method) of rat (
N=10)
Annotate: with comparison before the administration,
*P<0.05
*P<0.01
Result's (table 3) shows, adopts the mechanical stimulus method to carry out the test of rat analgesic activity, and Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position (0.42g/kg) can significantly improve the pain threshold level of 30min, 60min after the rat administration, 120min, 180min.
Embodiment four: the antiinflammatory action at Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position
1. Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position is to the hyperfunction influence of glacial acetic acid induced mice abdominal cavity capillary permeability
30 of Kunming mouses, male and female half and half are divided into 3 groups at random, 10 every group, comprise blank group, aspirin group and Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate group.Each is organized behind the gastric infusion behind the 45min, and each Mus is tail vein injection 1.0% AZO-blue normal saline solution 0.05ml/10g successively.Lumbar injection 0.7% glacial acetic acid normal saline solution 0.2ml/ only immediately.Take off cervical vertebra behind the 20min and put to death, cut off skin of abdomen muscle, divide with about 8ml normal saline and wash the abdominal cavity for several times, cleaning mixture is collected graduated centrifuge tube, be settled to 10ml.Each manages 3000rpm, centrifugal 15min.Get supernatant and under the 590nm wavelength, measure absorbance, and do standard curve, obtain according to regression equation and respectively organize the amount of dye that mouse peritoneal infiltrates.The results are shown in Table 5 and table 6.
Table 5 AZO-blue standard curve
Concentration (ug/ml) |
1.0 |
2.0 |
4.0 |
6.0 |
8.0 |
10.0 |
The OD value
1 |
0.066 |
0.126 |
0.221 |
0.332 |
0.444 |
0.542 |
The OD value
2 |
0.075 |
0.116 |
0.235 |
0.334 |
0.449 |
0.541 |
As abscissa, AZO-blue concentration is vertical coordinate with the OD value, and the regression equation that can draw standard curve is Y=18.903X-0.3168, r=0.9996.
The influence hyperfunction to glacial acetic acid induced mice abdominal cavity capillary permeability of table 6 Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position (
N=10)
Annotate: compare with the blank group,
*P<0.05
*P<0.01
Result's (table 6) shows, there is an obvious suppression effect at Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position (0.42g/kg) to glacial acetic acid induced mice abdominal cavity capillary permeability is hyperfunction.
2. Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position causes the influence of mice ear to Oleum Tiglii
30 of Male Kunming strain mice are divided into 3 groups at random, 10 every group, comprise blank group, aspirin group and Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate group.The administration group is according to dosage irritated stomach every day 1 time, and the blank group gives the equivalent distilled water simultaneously, continuous 3 days.30min behind the last medicine, each Mus auris dextra causes inflammation with 2% Oleum Tiglii mixture 0.05mL/ ear, and left ear is made blank.Behind the 4h the disconnected cervical vertebra of mice is put to death, cut two ears, lay round auricle with diameter 9mm card punch, take by weighing mice left and right sides ear weight with analytical balance,, and calculate ear swelling and suppress percentage rate as the inflammatory swelling degree with its difference: suppression ratio (%)=(the average swelling degree of the model control group-average swelling degree of administration the group)/average swelling degree of model control group * 100%.The results are shown in Table 7.
Table 7 Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position to the influence of Oleum Tiglii induced mice ear swelling (
N=10)
Annotate: compare with the blank group,
*P<0.05
*P<0.01
Result's (table 7) shows that there is remarkable inhibitory action at Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position (0.42g/kg) to Oleum Tiglii induced mice ear swelling.
3. Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position is to the influence of granuloma induced by implantation of cotton pellets rat
30 of SD rats are divided into 3 groups at random, 10 every group, comprise blank group, dexamethasone acetate group and Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate group.Implant under the groin of rat both sides making the abdominal incision cotton balls (20mg/) of will sterilizing under the ether light anaesthesia aseptic condition, sew up immediately.The same day was respectively organized gastric infusion 1 time in operation, administration every day 1 time, 8d continuously.1h puts to death rat after the last administration, peel off and take out cotton balls granuloma tissue and the calculating inhibition percentage rate of weighing, the suppression ratio computing formula: suppression ratio (%)=(the average granuloma of the average granuloma weight-administration of model control group group is heavy)/average granuloma of model control group heavy * 100%.The results are shown in Table 8.
The influence of swelling to rat granuloma in table 8 Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position (
N=10)
Annotate: compare with the blank group,
*P<0.05
*P<0.01
Result's (table 8) shows to swell to rat granuloma and be formed with the obvious suppression effect in Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position (0.42g/kg).
Conclusion
Result of the test shows, its outward appearance after the acute toxicity test in mice administration of Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position, behavioral activity, the mental status, appetite are all no abnormal, point out its safety better; Can obviously suppress thermostimulation and suppress the pain that mechanical stimulus causes, point out it that good analgesic activity is arranged, thereby alleviate inflammatory pain; Can significantly suppress edema and capillary permeability increases and granulation tissue hyperplasia, prompting can be resisted inflammation early reaction that chemical substance causes and the inflammation late phase reaction of hamartoplasia.
In sum, Adinandra nitida leaves ethyl acetate position low toxicity has the effect of significant anti-inflammatory and antalgic pharmacology, the tool application promise in clinical practice.