CN102216713A - A furnace and a method for cooling a furnace - Google Patents
A furnace and a method for cooling a furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN102216713A CN102216713A CN2009801461322A CN200980146132A CN102216713A CN 102216713 A CN102216713 A CN 102216713A CN 2009801461322 A CN2009801461322 A CN 2009801461322A CN 200980146132 A CN200980146132 A CN 200980146132A CN 102216713 A CN102216713 A CN 102216713A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 101100165177 Caenorhabditis elegans bath-15 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010062717 Increased upper airway secretion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009867 copper metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000026435 phlegm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/12—Shells or casings; Supports therefor
- F27B1/14—Arrangements of linings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/04—Blast furnaces with special refractories
- C21B7/06—Linings for furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/4646—Cooling arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/24—Cooling arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
- F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/04—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs characterised by the form, e.g. shape of the bricks or blocks used
- F27D1/06—Composite bricks or blocks, e.g. panels, modules
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
A furnace for conducting a high temperature process under oxidising conditions comprises an outer shell made from a metal, one or more cooling channels formed on or joined to the outer shell and a furnace lining. The furnace lining comprises a backing lining comprising a relatively high thermal conductivity layer positioned adjacent to an inner wall of the outer shell and a working lining positioned inwardly of the layer of relatively high thermal conductivity. The backing lining can comprise a graphite lining or a graphite-containing lining. The rate of heat transfer through the backing lining is sufficiently high to form a protective freeze on the backing lining in the event that the working lining wears away.
Description
Technical field
The method that the present invention relates to stove and stove is cooled off.More specifically, stove of the present invention is for wherein carrying out the stove of pyroprocess under oxidizing condition.
Background technology
Top submerged lance type stove is known.The example of top submerged lance type stove is can be from Xstrata Technology Pty Limited with trade mark ISASMELT
TMThe stove that obtains.Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of such stove.Stove shown in Fig. 1 10 comprises a part 12 and waste gas part 14.Keep the molten bath 15 of melted material and spray gun 16 be reduced in the molten bath 15 of material making the top of this spray gun 16 immerse in the described molten bath 15 in that this stove is inner.Spray gun injected as described in air or oxygen and fuel (as fuel oil or coal or coke) passed through.Fuel combustion is with the heating stove.These stoves are used for the process as copper metallurgy, molten lead etc.Because in stove, at high temperature and under oxidizing condition move by such process by lance injected for air or oxygen.
Top submerged lance type stove is configured such that typically they have the outside box hat that has in the refractory lining.Refractory material protects outside box hat to avoid the extreme high temperature of experience in the stove.The inside liner of refractory material is divided into internal layer and skin sometimes.Internal layer is called working lining sometimes and skin is called the liner lining sometimes.Described liner lining is formed by compare the higher fire proofing composition of thermal insulation with working lining.In this manual, term " working lining " is used to represent the lining part adjacent with the hot content of stove, and term " liner lining " will be used to represent the lining part adjacent with the stove shell.
In many stoves, made great efforts to make outside box hat cooling (removing the speed of reducing phlegm and internal heat) thereby increase from stove.The system that has been used for the shell cooling comprises sprays cooling or film cooling system.In these systems, water is injected on the outer surface of outside box hat or water is flowed along the outer surface of outside box hat.Water extracts heat from outside box hat, thereby makes described outside box hat cooling.Yet, because described system is exposed in the atmosphere, add the temperature of high relatively shell and water, the extensive corrosion of outside box hat can take place.The surface that need regularly clean and safeguard outside box hat is to prevent that originally the adiabatic corrosion layer that forms on the box hat externally suppresses heat and is delivered to cooling water from described shell.Even use the case surface of cleaning, owing to used low water speed and pressure, shell also is relative low with heat transfer coefficient between the cooling water.
On various types of stoves, used the forced cooling water system that is installed on the shell.The steel tank that the forced cooling water system on the shell of being installed in typically comprises on the outer surface that is welded to outside box hat (or stove box hat) or externally forms on the outer surface of box hat (or stove box hat), water is flowed against the stove box hat under high relatively pressure and speed, guarantee high heat transfer coefficient between water and the described shell.This causes removing heat effectively and being avoided the surface of water, cooling and the contact between the atmosphere simultaneously from stove.In addition, the quality that can control the water by cooling bath is with the corrosion that prevents the stove box hat or it is minimized.As further security advantages, because bosh is externally installed or formed in the outside of box hat, contingent any seepage causes water to flow along the outer surface of shell in the described bosh.In this, should understand and importantly do not cause any seepage to make seepage in the inside of stove, because this can cause stove owing to the steam that this water infiltration produces fast explodes potentially.
In this manual, term " comprises " and phraseological equivalent should have the implication that is included, unless the context that uses is pointed out in addition.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide stove and the method that makes the stove cooling that is suitable for stove, wherein in described stove, oxidizing condition is arranged.
In first aspect, the invention provides stove, in this stove, under oxidizing condition, carry out pyroprocess, described stove comprises the shell that is made of metal, one or more cooling bath and furnace lining that form or that be connected with described shell on described shell, described furnace lining comprises liner lining and working lining, described liner lining comprises the relative high thermal conductivity layer with the adjacent setting of described outer casing inner wall, and described working lining is provided with in the inside of high relatively thermal conductivity layer.
In this manual, if the dividing potential drop of oxygen is greater than 10 in the furnace atmosphere
-9Atm thinks that then stove moves under oxidizing condition.
Described working lining can be provided with against described liner lining.
In embodiments of the present invention, the thermal conductivity of described liner lining is significantly higher than the thermal conductivity of described working lining.In some embodiments, the thermal conductivity of described liner lining is similar to or even is higher than the thermal conductivity of described shell.
In some embodiments, described liner lining comprises graphite linings or the layer made by the material that comprises graphite or based on the layer of the material of carbon.In some embodiments, described liner lining comprises graphite linings.
In one embodiment, the shell of described stove comprises box hat.
In some embodiments of the present invention, one or more cooling baths can be welded to the outer surface of described shell.
One or more cooling baths can comprise the bosh that is used to receive cooling water.Described bosh can receive the cooling water with high pressure and high speed of advancing by described bosh.
One or more grooves can snake shape patterned arrangement.One or more grooves can comprise a plurality of grooves that separate each other.
Described stove can comprise top submerged lance type stove.
Relatively the layer of the layer made as graphite linings or by the material that comprises graphite of the liner lining of high heat conductance or graphite material or based on the layer of the material of carbon can spread all over whole as described in the lining setting of stove.Perhaps, described layer can only be arranged at one or more parts of stove.
The layer of graphite linings or layer of making by the material that comprises graphite or graphite material or based on the layer of the material of carbon can comprise gummed or engage or be attached to a plurality of graphite tiles of inner surface of shell of described stove or graphite brick or by material that comprises graphite or graphite material make watt or brick or based on the layer of the material of carbon.When using cement or glue for this purpose, described cement or glue can be graphite with high heat conductance or based on the material of carbon.
The layer of described graphite linings or layer of making by the material that comprises graphite or graphite material or can have 30～250mm, the more suitably thickness of 50～100mm based on the layer of the material of carbon.It is suitable that the thickness of about 70mm can be.
Described working lining can comprise any suitable refractory material well known by persons skilled in the art.Described working lining can have the thickness greater than described liner liner thickness.
In second aspect, the invention provides the method that makes the stove cooling of wherein under oxidizing condition, carrying out pyroprocess, described method comprises provides stove, described stove comprises the shell that is made of metal, one or more cooling bath and furnace lining that form or that be connected with described shell on described shell, described furnace lining comprises and the liner lining of the relative high heat conductance of the adjacent setting of described outer casing inner wall and the working lining that is provided with in this liner lining inside; In this stove, move described process and make cooling water pass through described cooling bath to cool off this stove.
Described working lining can be provided with against described liner lining.Described working lining can be the lining based on refractory material.
In embodiments of the present invention, the thermal conductivity of described liner lining is significantly higher than the thermal conductivity based on the working lining of refractory material.In some embodiments, the thermal conductivity of described liner lining is similar to or even is higher than the thermal conductivity of described shell.
In some embodiments, described liner lining comprise graphite linings or by the material that comprises graphite make the layer or graphite material or comprise graphite material the layer or based on material with carbon element the layer.In some embodiments, described liner lining comprises graphite linings.
In one embodiment, move method of the present invention and make the maximum temperature that reaches in the described graphite linings be no more than 500 ℃, preferably be no more than 400 ℃, more preferably no more than 250 ℃.
In another embodiment, move method of the present invention make for normal operating condition and new working lining with 5kW/m
2Speed remove heat from described stove; For frayed working lining to be up to 25kW/m
2Speed remove heat from described stove, and for the described working lining of extreme service condition and partial failure, being no more than 120kW/m
2Local heat flux.
In some embodiments of the present invention, cooling water is with every m
2Stove shell area 1～2m
3The Mean Speed of/h and flow through described cooling bath with minimum flow velocity 1m/s in described cooling bath, that preferably be higher than 2m/s.
Graphite linings is suitable as the liner lining in the some embodiments of the present invention, for the convenience described and succinct, is described with reference to graphite linings hereinafter.Yet, should understand the present invention also comprise by other material make the layer, as make by the material that comprises graphite the layer or graphite material the layer.
In stove of the present invention and method, the thermal conductivity of graphite lining is three times to four times of outside box hat thermal conductivity.As a result, heat leave shell enter the forced cooling water system before described graphite lining layer can be along shell to side heat conduction and dissipate heat.Therefore, thereby described graphite linings will help to remove the rate of depreciation of heat owing to the working lining of lower operating temperature reduction fully from working lining, particularly to frayed working lining.In addition, this design prevents or minimizes the hot spot that forms localization on the shell between the pressure cooling bath that is installed on the shell.
This and the stove that oxidizing process wherein takes place, for example the lining of the prior art of using in the top submerged lance stove is opposite.In such stove, working lining is provided with against the higher liner lining of thermal insulation, and this liner lining is again against the inwall setting of outside box hat afterwards.The thermal conductivity of insulating liners lining is about 1/150 of box hat thermal conductivity.The insulating liners lining is combined the service life that will be unfavorable for the sidewall lining with outer shell cooling system, because the insulating liners lining will make working lining and outer shell cooling system thermal insulation, cause working lining owing to higher operating temperature has higher rate of depreciation, even also be like this for frayed working lining.In addition, the localization thermic load on the sidewall can cause producing hot spot on the shell between the pressure cooling bath that is installed on the shell.Operating experience also shows, in this stove temperature of outside box hat can near or even above 200 ℃.This high temperature on the stove outer wall has brought the Occupational Health and Safety problem in furnace maneuver person's the working environment.
On the contrary, use that can to cause the hull-skin temperature of outside box hat according to stove of the present invention be 40～80 ℃.Recognize that this operator for stove provides safer and more comfortable working environment.
Of the present invention aspect all in, described stove can operation continuously under oxidizing condition.In other embodiments, described stove can move a period of time under oxidizing condition, move under reducing condition then.The operation of stove can under oxidizing condition, move and reducing condition under the operation between carry out successively.
In the following explanation of preferred implementation of the present invention, other benefit of the present invention and advantage will be described.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of top submerged lance stove.
The schematic cross-sectional view that the sidewall lining/cooling system that uses in the top submerged lance type stove of Fig. 2 demonstration according to embodiment of the present invention is arranged; With
Fig. 3 is presented at working lining and becomes under the situation about wearing away fully by the temperature profile of furnace sidewall shown in Figure 2.
The specific embodiment
The feature that provides accompanying drawing that the preferred embodiment for the present invention is described is provided.Therefore, be appreciated that and think that the present invention just is limited to those features shown in the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of prior art top submerged lance stove.This figure partly has been described and has need not in the background technology of this specification and further specified.
Sidewall lining/the cooling system that uses in the embodiment of Fig. 2 demonstration according to stove of the present invention is arranged.Described stove can be top submerged lance type stove.Sidewall lining/cooling system comprises outside box hat 30.Bosh 32,34 is welded to the outside of outside box hat 30.Bosh is placed with the high-pressure cooling water source fluid in the manner known to persons skilled in the art and be communicated with.
Described furnace lining comprises the liner lining of graphite linings 36 forms.Described graphite linings can be formed by gummed or the graphite tile that is bonded on the about 70mm of a plurality of thickness of box hat 30 inner surfaces.Perhaps, described graphite linings can by thickness be up to 250mm or even bigger graphite brick make.Perhaps, described liner lining can be made by the material that comprises graphite or graphite material or based on the layer of the material of carbon.The cement that is used for this purpose suitably has very high thermal conductivity for graphite or based on the material of carbon and its.Those skilled in the art recognize that graphite linings 36 provides the layer with high heat conductance.In fact, the thermal conductivity of graphite linings 36 can be three times to four times of thermal conductivity of outside box hat 30.
Furnace lining also comprises working lining, is the form of refractory liner 38 in this case.Layer 38 constitutes the working lining of stove.The thermal environment of stove is represented with label 40.As can be seen from Figure 2, working lining 38 is arranged between thermal environment 40 and the graphite linings 36.
As mentioned above, the thermal conductivity of graphite linings 36 is three times to four times of thermal conductivity of stove box hat 30.As a result, leave before shell enters forced cooling water groove 32,34 at heat, graphite backing backing layer 36 is along the side heat conduction and the dissipate heat of stove box hat 30.Therefore, thus graphite backing backing layer 36 helps to remove heat fully because the operating temperature the lower working lining reduces the rate of depreciation of working lining from working lining 38.This is especially true for frayed working lining.In addition, graphite backing layer 36 prevents or minimizes the formation of hot spot on the outside box hat 30 between the forced cooling water groove 32,34 that is installed on the shell.
Under extreme conditions the operating temperature of stove can be 900 ℃～1600 ℃.To the heat transmission of furnace sidewall be by with the adjacent convection current in liquid stove molten bath, and by conjugation convection current (conjugate convection) and radiation on the liquid stove molten bath.Depend on working lining condition and operating condition, the final heat flux by furnace sidewall can be 5～25kW/m
2In the zone that extreme operating condition and working lining destroy or wear away fully, can experience and be up to 120kW/m
2Local heat flux.Depend on working lining and operating condition, the operating temperature of graphite linings can be 55～110 ℃.Under the situation that extreme operating condition and working lining wear and tear fully, the graphite temperature can rise to the highest 400 ℃.Depend on working lining and operating condition, the outer surface of box hat and the mean temperature of bosh are 40～80 ℃.Cooling water temperature rising by the cooling water circulation can be 5～15 ℃.Depend on inlet water temperature and thermic load, it is the highest 65 ℃ that cooling water outlet temperature can reach.
The inventor recognizes, the similar furnace lining/cooling system that wherein is installed in forced cooling water system on the shell and the combination of high thermal conductivity graphite liner lining has been used for the stove (for example Electric stove) of other type that pyroprocess wherein carries out under reducing condition.Yet such cooling system/furnace lining is not used to take place in the stove of oxidizing process.Those skilled in the art do not consider that up to now the reason that such furnace lining is suitable in the stove that pyroprocess wherein carries out is that if in a single day graphite linings is exposed to the thermal environment of stove, then graphite linings self is oxidized easily under oxidizing condition.Therefore, in the part stove, grind off the degree that makes graphite linings be exposed to the thermal environment of stove basically if the wearing and tearing of stove working lining reach working lining, then it has been generally acknowledged that graphite linings pass through its exposure oxidizing condition and by fast oxidation.Effectively, think if graphite linings be exposed to heat in the stove, oxidizing condition, then graphite linings can be burnt basically fast.Take place in the stove that this predicament surely not moves under reducing condition.
Surprisingly; the inventor has been found that; under the situation about in working lining 38 becomes a part at stove, wearing away fully; the enough height of cooldown rate by graphite linings 36 make and form protectiveness and stable frozen crust on the hot sides of graphite lining 36; and graphite linings 36 can not avoided other abrasion mechanism as corrosion and oxidation thereby limited by the heat loss and the protection graphite lining 36 of sidewall by quick oxidation.The hot-face temperature of graphite lining remains on far below 500 ℃, thereby prevents to take place in the midium or long term the remarkable oxidation of graphite.As mentioned above, this discovery is opposite with conventional idea.
Fig. 3 proof forms stable protection frozen crust on the hot side in graphite linings graphite linings is worn situation about exposing owing to working lining 38 under.In Fig. 3, show box hat 30 and graphite linings 36.Also shown the stable frozen crust 42 that on graphite linings 36, forms.Stable frozen crust can for example have the thickness of about 15mm.As can be seen from Figure 3, stove moves under about 1100 ℃ temperature.Yet because quite high by the heat transfer rate of graphite linings, frozen crust 42 is formed on the graphite linings 36 of exposure.Typically, in becoming about 30 minutes of exposure, graphite linings forms frozen crust.The amount of this feasible graphite linings generation oxidation that exposes minimizes.In addition, the maximum temperature in the graphite linings is far below 500 ℃, and typically remains on below 250 ℃, thereby avoids the further oxidation of graphite linings.Fig. 3 also shows the steep thermal gradient through protectiveness frozen crust 42.
Have many further advantages according to stove of the present invention and the method that makes the stove cooling:
-when working lining when being new, stove of the present invention can not cause liner temperatures that big difference (when comparing with the prior art lining that uses in the submerged lance stove of top) is arranged with the method that makes the stove cooling.Yet it makes the external temperature of stove box hat have big difference really.Usually, there is not the top submerged lance stove of tank cooling to have about 200～300 ℃ outside box hat temperature.Yet the stove of operation has about 40～80 ℃ outside box hat temperature according to the present invention.
-along with working lining wears away, in working lining, set up colder temperature, this has reduced the rate of depreciation of working lining.
Wear away fully if-working lining becomes, the hot spot draw heat of graphite linings any development from furnace sidewall also prevents to form hot spot at the stove box hat.In addition, form the molten slag layer of freezing on graphite surface, its protection graphite linings and minimizing are by the heat loss of graphite linings.
-outside the cooling bath of installing can be intervally installed, and makes the major part of outer surface of stove shell expose.This allows shell is carried out visual examination.Also can the temperature of thermocouple with the monitoring shell be installed at the outer surface of shell.If use dull and stereotyped cooling (wherein water covers the whole casing of stove) then can not be like this.
Those skilled in the art recognize that the present invention can carry out various changes and distortion except specifically described those.Recognize and the present invention includes all such changes and the distortion that falls in its spiritual scope.
Claims (24)
1. stove, wherein under oxidizing condition, in this stove, carry out pyroprocess, described stove comprises the shell that is made of metal, one or more cooling bath and furnace lining that form or that be connected with described shell on described shell, described furnace lining comprises liner lining and working lining, described liner lining comprises the relative high thermal conductivity layer with the adjacent setting of described outer casing inner wall, and described working lining is provided with in the inside of high relatively thermal conductivity layer.
2. stove according to claim 1, wherein said working lining is provided with against described liner lining.
3. according to claim 1 or the described stove of claim 2, the thermal conductivity of wherein said liner lining is significantly higher than the thermal conductivity of described working lining, and the thermal conductivity of perhaps described liner lining is similar to or is higher than the thermal conductivity of described shell.
4. according to each described stove in the aforementioned claim, wherein said liner lining comprises graphite linings or the layer made by the material that comprises graphite or based on the layer of the material of carbon.
5. stove according to claim 4, wherein said liner lining comprises graphite linings.
6. according to each described stove in the aforementioned claim, wherein said one or more cooling baths are welded to the outer surface of described shell.
7. according to each described stove in the aforementioned claim, wherein said stove comprises top submerged lance stove.
8. according to each described stove in the aforementioned claim, the wherein liner lining of the high heat conductance lining setting that spreads all over whole described stoves relatively.
9. according to each described stove in the claim 1～7, the liner lining of wherein said relative high heat conductance only is arranged at one or more parts of described stove.
10. stove according to claim 4, wherein the layer of graphite linings or layer of making by the material that comprises graphite or graphite material or based on the layer of the material of carbon comprise gummed or engage or otherwise be attached to a plurality of graphite tiles of inner surface of outer cover of described stove or graphite brick or by material that comprises graphite or graphite material make watt or brick or based on the layer of the material of carbon.
11. according to claim 4 or the described stove of claim 10, the layer of wherein said graphite linings or layer of making by the material that comprises graphite or graphite material or have 30～250mm based on the layer of the material of carbon, 50～100mm more suitably, even the thickness of about 70mm more suitably.
12. according to each described stove in the aforementioned claim, wherein said working lining has the thickness greater than the thickness of described liner lining.
13. make the method for stove cooling, in described stove, under oxidizing condition, carry out pyroprocess, described method comprises provides stove, described stove comprises the shell that is made of metal, one or more cooling bath and furnace lining that form or that be connected with described shell on described shell, described furnace lining comprises and the liner lining of the relative high heat conductance of the adjacent setting of described outer casing inner wall and the working lining that is provided with in this liner lining inside; In this stove, move described process and make cooling water pass through described cooling bath to cool off this stove.
14. method according to claim 13, wherein said process is moved with the oxygen partial pressure greater than 10-9atm in the furnace atmosphere.
15. according to claim 13 or the described method of claim 14, the thermal conductivity of wherein said liner lining is significantly higher than the thermal conductivity based on the working lining of refractory material.
16. according to each described method in the aforementioned claim, the thermal conductivity of wherein said liner lining is similar to or is higher than described shell thermal conductivity.
17. according to each described method in the claim 13～16, wherein said liner lining comprises graphite linings, the perhaps layer of making by the material that comprises graphite, perhaps graphite material or comprise the layer of the material of graphite, perhaps based on the material of carbon layer.
18. method according to claim 17, wherein said graphite linings or graphite material or comprise the layer of material of graphite or the layer based on the material of carbon in the maximum temperature that reaches be no more than 500 ℃, preferably be no more than 400 ℃, more preferably no more than 250 ℃.
19. according to each described method in the claim 13～18, wherein for normal operating condition and new working lining with 5kW/m
2Speed remove heat from described stove; For wearing and tearing working lining to be up to 25kW/m
2Speed remove heat from described stove, and for the working lining of extreme service condition and partial failure, being no more than 120kW/m
2Local heat flux.
20. according to each described method in the claim 13～19, wherein cooling water is with every m
2Stove shell area 1～2m
3The Mean Speed of/h flows through described cooling bath; And the minimum speed in the described cooling bath is 1m/s, preferably is higher than 2m/s.
21. according to each described method in the claim 13～20, the hull-skin temperature of the outside box hat of wherein said stove is 40～80 ℃.
22. according to each described method in the claim 13～21; wherein said liner lining comprises graphite linings or the layer of layer or the graphite material made by the material that comprises graphite or the material that comprises graphite or based on the layer of the material of carbon, and the enough height of the cooldown rate of described laying make described working lining in the part of stove, wear away fully situation under on described laying, form stable protection frozen crust to protect described laying not oxidized.
23. according to each described method in the claim 13～22, wherein said stove moves a period of time and the of short duration time of operation under reducing condition under oxidizing condition.
24. according to each described stove in the claim 1～12, wherein said stove moves a period of time and move a period of time under reducing condition under oxidizing condition.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2008905983A AU2008905983A0 (en) | 2008-11-19 | A Furnace and a Method for Cooling a Furnace | |
| AU2008905983 | 2008-11-19 | ||
| PCT/AU2009/001481 WO2010057245A1 (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2009-11-13 | A furnace and a method for cooling a furnace |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102216713A true CN102216713A (en) | 2011-10-12 |
Family
ID=42197741
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009801461322A Pending CN102216713A (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2009-11-13 | A furnace and a method for cooling a furnace |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20120018122A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2352961A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2012509454A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20110089140A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102216713A (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0922053A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2743152A1 (en) |
| CL (1) | CL2011001153A1 (en) |
| EA (1) | EA018570B1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2011004771A (en) |
| PE (1) | PE20120236A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010057245A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201103494B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102329658B (en) * | 2011-08-23 | 2015-12-16 | 华东理工大学 | For airflow bed gasification furnace cold wall type lining and comprise its device |
| EP3284342B1 (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2022-02-09 | Water Technology, LLC | Hand-held submersible aquarium power cleaner |
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| US3953007A (en) * | 1973-09-12 | 1976-04-27 | Hoogovens Ijmuiden B.V. | Wall construction of a shaft furnace |
| US5811057A (en) * | 1995-10-19 | 1998-09-22 | Steel Technology Corporation | Refractory lining system for high wear area of high temperature reaction vessel |
| CN2628975Y (en) * | 2003-03-12 | 2004-07-28 | 李志忠 | Continuous production carburant vertical electric furnace |
| CN2853801Y (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Basque structure of melting-reduction furnace for chromium iron smelting |
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| GB1126076A (en) * | 1966-04-01 | 1968-09-05 | Morganite Crucible Ltd | Blast furnaces provided with refractory linings |
| DE2922189C2 (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1981-05-27 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | Method and device for the prevention of fusible materials such as ore concentrate |
| US4465923A (en) * | 1983-01-24 | 1984-08-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Apparatus for converting a laboratory air furnace to a reduction furnace |
| JPH0346192U (en) * | 1990-09-14 | 1991-04-26 | ||
| JP2528586B2 (en) * | 1991-05-17 | 1996-08-28 | 株式会社タナベ | Electric melting furnace |
| NL1005114C2 (en) * | 1997-01-29 | 1998-07-30 | Hoogovens Staal Bv | Refractory wall, metallurgical vessel comprising such a refractory wall and method using such a refractory wall. |
| JPH10310814A (en) * | 1997-03-13 | 1998-11-24 | Nkk Corp | Method for melting cold iron source and melting equipment thereof |
| JP3440267B2 (en) * | 1997-07-03 | 2003-08-25 | スチールプランテック株式会社 | Evaluation method of arc burial in slag of arc melting furnace |
| JPH11125489A (en) * | 1997-10-21 | 1999-05-11 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | Heat treatment furnace |
| JP2000017313A (en) * | 1998-07-03 | 2000-01-18 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Trough for molten metal |
| DE10323944A1 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2004-12-16 | Maerz Ofenbau Ag | Process container with cooling elements |
-
2009
- 2009-11-13 EP EP09827034.1A patent/EP2352961A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-11-13 CA CA2743152A patent/CA2743152A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-11-13 MX MX2011004771A patent/MX2011004771A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-11-13 EA EA201170706A patent/EA018570B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-11-13 JP JP2011536701A patent/JP2012509454A/en active Pending
- 2009-11-13 WO PCT/AU2009/001481 patent/WO2010057245A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-11-13 BR BRPI0922053A patent/BRPI0922053A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-11-13 KR KR1020117011318A patent/KR20110089140A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-11-13 CN CN2009801461322A patent/CN102216713A/en active Pending
- 2009-11-13 US US13/129,092 patent/US20120018122A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-11-19 PE PE2011001025A patent/PE20120236A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2011
- 2011-05-12 ZA ZA2011/03494A patent/ZA201103494B/en unknown
- 2011-05-18 CL CL2011001153A patent/CL2011001153A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3953007A (en) * | 1973-09-12 | 1976-04-27 | Hoogovens Ijmuiden B.V. | Wall construction of a shaft furnace |
| US5811057A (en) * | 1995-10-19 | 1998-09-22 | Steel Technology Corporation | Refractory lining system for high wear area of high temperature reaction vessel |
| CN2628975Y (en) * | 2003-03-12 | 2004-07-28 | 李志忠 | Continuous production carburant vertical electric furnace |
| CN2853801Y (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Basque structure of melting-reduction furnace for chromium iron smelting |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20120018122A1 (en) | 2012-01-26 |
| CL2011001153A1 (en) | 2011-11-11 |
| JP2012509454A (en) | 2012-04-19 |
| CA2743152A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
| BRPI0922053A2 (en) | 2015-12-22 |
| PE20120236A1 (en) | 2012-04-14 |
| EA201170706A1 (en) | 2011-10-31 |
| KR20110089140A (en) | 2011-08-04 |
| MX2011004771A (en) | 2011-09-21 |
| EA018570B1 (en) | 2013-08-30 |
| WO2010057245A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
| EP2352961A1 (en) | 2011-08-10 |
| EP2352961A4 (en) | 2014-04-30 |
| ZA201103494B (en) | 2012-01-25 |
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Application publication date: 20111012 |