CN102216586A - Piston engine with part for covering bottom surface of cap portion of mushroom valve - Google Patents
Piston engine with part for covering bottom surface of cap portion of mushroom valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN102216586A CN102216586A CN201080003207.4A CN201080003207A CN102216586A CN 102216586 A CN102216586 A CN 102216586A CN 201080003207 A CN201080003207 A CN 201080003207A CN 102216586 A CN102216586 A CN 102216586A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The compression ratio of an engine which has a mushroom valve provided to a combustion chamber portion expanded to the outside of a main cylinder is increased, and the temperature of an exhaust mushroom valve is made low. In a piston engine, a valve cover (7) has a tubular side surface and an upper surface (8). A compression ring (9) is provided to either the tubular side surface or the inner wall of a sub cylinder (4). The piston engine is provided with a means for causing the bottom surface (3) of a mushroom valve (2) and the upper surface (8) of the valve cover (7) to make close contact with each other. Most of the space within the combustion chamber facing the bottom surface (3) is occupied by the upper part of the valve cover (7) when the mushroom valve (2) becomes closed. When the mushroom valve (2) becomes lifted, the valve cover (7) moves together with the mushroom valve (2). The combination of over head valves (25A, 25B) and mushroom valves (2) includes at least a set of a suction valve and an exhaust valve, and the sum of the number of the over head valves (25A, 25B) and the number of the mushroom valves (2) is three or more.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to have the reciprocating engine of parts of the bottom surface of the umbrella shape portion that covers mushroom valve.These parts, occupy towards the space of the firing chamber of the described bottom surface of the described mushroom valve in the outside that is arranged on master cylinder when the expansion of the outside of master cylinder in the firing chamber.
Background technique
When high speed rotating, the intake resistance of four stroke engine and the amount of exhaust resistance increase.
The lifting capacity of the intake cam of this motor initial stage when the unlatching of intake valve extremely reduces than the lifting capacity of open period after mid-term.When the high speed rotating of motor, the time at open period initial stage shortens.Consequently, the influx of restriction air inlet.Consequently, at the initial stage when the unlatching of intake valve, the pressure in the cylinder is lower than the pressure of the dorsal part of piston.
Under this state, piston is along continuing in the opposite direction to descend with the side that piston is exerted pressure.Therefore, negative workload increases.Therefore, the loss amount that intake resistance produces increases, and torque descends.
Figure 14 represents the performance of 90 pages of motors of being put down in writing of magazine " internal-combustion engine " No.434 in November nineteen ninety-five that the mountain and sea hall is issued.About Figure 14, in the fast rotational speed territory than maximum torque value L1L2, the torque ratio L1L2 of four stroke engine descends when the summit of torque curve.
The lifting capacity of the exhaust cam of four stroke engine at the open period initial stage from the unlatching of exhaust valve the time till during to the lower dead centre of exhaust stroke, extremely reduces than the lifting capacity of open period after mid-term.Consequently, when high speed rotating, the inner pressure of air cylinder during lower dead centre uprises.Consequently, when lower dead centre after during soon exhaust stroke, the loss amount that exhaust resistance produces increases.
Figure 15 represents the L-head cylinder of patent documentation 1.The main combustion chamber by number 127 expressions of this motor is expanded to the outside of cylinder.In patent documentation 1, form the firing chamber compactly by the interval that dwindles intake valve and exhaust valve.
Yet the volume of main combustion chamber has increased the amount in the space of the wall that is provided with side-located gas-gate and its opposing side clamping.The lifting capacity of side-located gas-gate is big more, and the volume in this space just increases more.Therefore, the firing chamber of side-located gas-gate formula can't form high compression ratio.Consequently, decrease in efficiency.
Figure 17 represents the L-head cylinder that patent documentation 3 is put down in writing.The bullport of Figure 17 towards an end of firing chamber and be used for having the bags between the valve seat of intake valve.And in Figure 17, when observing the direction of variable volume parts from central axis of air cylinder, firing chamber specific volume units of variance 117 is expanded laterally.The part of this expansion increases combustion chamber volume.
Bullport is by number 118 expressions.Intake valve is by number 113 expressions.The variable volume parts are by number 117 expressions.The firing chamber is by number 127 expressions.
In the side-located gas-gate formula internal-combustion engine of patent documentation 3, be provided with one group of intake valve and exhaust valve in the side of cylinder periphery.Therefore, and compare at the motor that four valves are set on the combustion chamber wall surface of piston upper surface, the one group of intake valve of the side-located gas-gate formula internal-combustion engine of patent documentation 3 and the area sum of exhaust valve are little.
In the side-located gas-gate formula internal-combustion engine of patent documentation 3, during IC Intake Valve Closes, the variable volume parts be projected into the burned gas heating of part in the firing chamber and high temperatureization.
Reciprocating engine intermittently burns.Therefore, in reciprocating engine, the internal face of firing chamber is owing to air inlet is cooled.Therefore, in spark ignition engine, on the internal face of firing chamber, be formed with the flame arrest layer (chill zone) of mixed gas.This flame arrest layer prevents that high heat from flowing into to the inwall of firing chamber.
When the exhaust mushroom valve is opened, the bottom surface of the umbrella shape portion of exhaust mushroom valve and contact with combustion gas together towards the upper surface of the umbrella shape portion of gas passageway.So, the temperature of exhaust mushroom valve raises.When piston is high load, be difficult to form the flame arrest layer of mixed gas in the bottom surface of the umbrella shape portion of exhaust mushroom valve.Therefore, along the mixing gas-bearing formation spontaneous combustion of described bottom surface.When the air-fuel mixture amount of spontaneous combustion increased, the flame arrest layer towards the internal face of firing chamber beyond the described bottom surface was destroyed.That is, produce pinking.
Figure 16 represents the motor of patent documentation 2.
During as exhaust valve, when exhaust stroke began, the upper surface and the lower surface of first compression ring of slide-valve were exposed in the combustion gas at the slide-valve of the 3rd form of using patent documentation 2 to be put down in writing.First compression ring is by number 108 expressions.Therefore, by combustion gas described first compression ring is heated to more than the combustion temperature of lubricant oil.The described first compression ring sintering.The motor of patent documentation 2 is formed with countercylinder in the outside of master cylinder.
If the length of the stroke of piston is longer than the diameter of piston, then the conversion efficiency of combustion gas improves, but the intake efficiency decline during high speed rotating.Torque when the decline of intake efficiency can make high speed rotating descends.On the contrary, if the length of the stroke of piston is shorter than the diameter of piston, then the intake efficiency during high speed rotating improves, but the conversion efficiency of combustion gas descends.
The increase of the torque when therefore, spark ignition engines in the past can't realize the long strokeization of piston and high speed rotating simultaneously the two.
In addition, the cross reference number of being described in the accompanying drawing about existing example is deleted unwanted number, the number that change is necessary.
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2000-282814 (P2000-282814A)
Patent documentation 2: Japanese Patent Application 2008-120801, special permission registration number 4230529
Patent documentation 3: TOHKEMY 2001-355470
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention is to improve the compression ratio of reciprocating engine, and this reciprocating engine is provided with valve to the wall of the firing chamber of the outside of master cylinder expansion.
Second purpose of the present invention is that to make exhaust valve be low temperature.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention is to improve the fuel availability of reciprocating engine.
Below, the structure of the reciprocating engine of first form of the present invention is described.
Reciprocating engine of the present invention has the parts of bottom surface of the umbrella shape portion of cylinder head, cylinder block, master cylinder, piston, countercylinder, Overhead valve, mushroom valve, the described mushroom valve of covering.
Described piston moves back and forth in described master cylinder.Described firing chamber is formed between described piston and the described cylinder head.Described firing chamber is to the expansion of the outside of described master cylinder.The internal face of described firing chamber comprises first portion and second portion.Described first portion is the part towards the internal face of described piston upper surface.Described second portion is the part to the internal face of the outside of described master cylinder expansion.Described countercylinder is arranged on the outside of described master cylinder.
Described second portion at described internal face is provided with mushroom valve.Described mushroom valve has second drive unit of the axial region that drives described mushroom valve.When described mushroom valve was opened, gas was by described mushroom valve and be used between the duaspiracle seat of described mushroom valve.
Described parts move back and forth in described countercylinder, and described parts have the tubular side.
Described mushroom valve is between described duaspiracle seat and described parts.
Be provided with and be used to mechanism that described duaspiracle seat, described mushroom valve and described parts are close to.The integrally formed combination with the device that described parts are moved towards described duaspiracle seat of described mushroom valve and described parts is of described mechanism, and the setting of the device that described parts are pushed towards described duaspiracle seat is another of described mechanism.
With described parts one in the 3rd spring that is provided with of ground connection, the pneumatic shuttle that is provided with described parts phase ground connection, the hydraulic pressure installation that is provided with described parts phase ground connection, second spring that is provided with the axial region phase ground connection of described mushroom valve mutually, be the described device that described parts are moved towards described duaspiracle seat.
With described parts mutually in the 3rd spring that is provided with of ground connection, the pneumatic shuttle that is provided with described parts phase ground connection, the hydraulic pressure installation that is provided with described parts phase ground connection be the described device that described parts are pushed towards described duaspiracle seat.
By described second drive unit and described mechanism, drive described mushroom valve and described parts integratedly.
Position between the described tubular side of inwall that is held on described countercylinder and described parts is provided with compression ring.
Described parts are positioned at the position that the described bottom surface with described mushroom valve joins.
Described Overhead valve is arranged at the described first portion of described internal face.Described Overhead valve has first spring and drive unit.When described Overhead valve was opened, described gas was by described Overhead valve and be used between first valve seat of described Overhead valve.Described gas is to flow into the air inlet of described firing chamber and from the combustion gas that flow out described firing chamber any.
Described Overhead valve and described mushroom valve and in comprise one group of intake valve and exhaust valve at least.
The number of described Overhead valve and the number of described mushroom valve and number be more than three.
Below, the difference of the structure and first form of second form of the present invention only is described.
One end of described countercylinder is arranged on and described duaspiracle seat position adjacent.
By on the described central shaft of described countercylinder with the straight line of the straight line quadrature of the central shaft of central shaft that is connected described master cylinder and described countercylinder, the complete cycle of the part adjacent with described mushroom valve of the described tubular side of described parts is divided into two half cycles.
Described two half cycles are apart near first half cycle of the distance of the described central shaft of described master cylinder with apart from second half cycle of the distance of the described central shaft of described master cylinder.
The described tubular side of the described parts adjacent with described mushroom valve is divided into two half cycle faces.Described two half cycle faces are the second half cycle faces that have the first half cycle face of described first half cycle and have described second half cycle.
Towards the described second half cycle face, form described countercylinder with the adjacent part of described duaspiracle seat.
Be positioned to the fixing wall in the outside, described firing chamber of the outside of described master cylinder expansion and inner peripheral surface and form with joining towards the described countercylinder of the described second half cycle face.
The opening portion of described countercylinder is set near a described end of described countercylinder.Described opening portion is towards the described first half cycle face.
First gas passageway is set between the space outerpace of described duaspiracle seat and described motor.Be provided with during described mushroom valve is opened second gas passageway that connects space and described first gas passageway in the described master cylinder with short distance, in described second gas passageway, comprise described opening portion.
The reciprocating engine of second form is compared with the motor shown in the patent documentation 3, and the area of the part of the heat that is applied with combustion gas of the tubular side of valve cap 7 reduces, and the heat loss amount of this motor reduces.Therefore, in second form, realize the 3rd purpose.
Below, the difference of the structure and first form of the 3rd form of the present invention only is described.
The length of the stroke of the described piston of the motor of first form and second form is not set the diameter less than described piston for.
The reciprocating engine of the 3rd form is compared with the motor of short strokeization, and the conversion efficiency of combustion gas improves.And, intake efficiency low of having improved the high speed rotating of undersquare engine.The increase of the torque in the time of consequently, can realizing the raising of conversion efficiency and high speed simultaneously the two.Therefore, in the 3rd form, realize the 3rd purpose.
The reciprocating engine of three forms of the present invention is spark ignition engines or compression and combustion formula motor, and spark ignition engines is two stroke formulas or four-stroke formula.If motor of the present invention is a spark ignition type, then ignition spark plug can be arranged on the arbitrary position of the wall of firing chamber.
The volume of the described firing chamber of the motor of three forms reduces and to be equivalent to described upper parts of components and to be projected into volume in the following burning interior space, and the described mushroom valve that this burning interior space should be closed when supposing not have described parts joins.Therefore, the described firing chamber of described motor can form high compression ratio.Therefore, can realize first purpose.
And, compare with the motor that Overhead valve only is set in the inboard of master cylinder, the air intake-exhaust door of the motor of three forms and area increase.Therefore, the amount of the air intake-exhaust resistance during high speed rotating reduces.Thereby, can increase the output of motor of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the figure of explanation first mode of execution.
Fig. 2 is the figure of explanation first mode of execution.Be the figure of mushroom valve when opening.
Fig. 3 is the figure of explanation first mode of execution.
Fig. 4 is the figure of replacement of the key element of first mode of execution.
Fig. 5 is the figure of replacement of the key element of first mode of execution.
Fig. 6 is the figure of replacement of the key element of first mode of execution.
Fig. 7 is the figure of replacement of the key element of first mode of execution.
Fig. 8 is the figure of explanation second mode of execution.
Fig. 9 is the figure of explanation second mode of execution.
Figure 10 is the embodiment's of improvement first to the 5th mode of execution figure.
Figure 11 is the embodiment's of improvement first to the 5th mode of execution figure.
Figure 12 is the embodiment's of improvement first to the 5th mode of execution figure.
Figure 13 is the embodiment's of improvement first to the 5th mode of execution figure.
Figure 14 is the output of 3RZ-FE motor and 22R-E motor and the figure of torque.
Figure 15 is the figure of the firing chamber of Japanese patent application publication No. sign indicating number 2000-282814.
Figure 16 is the figure of motor of the 3rd form of Japanese patent application No. sign indicating number 2008-120801.
Figure 17 is second figure of Japanese patent application publication No. sign indicating number 2001-355470.
Symbol description:
1 ... master cylinder
2 ... be arranged on the mushroom valve in the master cylinder outside
3 ... the bottom surface of mushroom valve
4 ... countercylinder
5 ... cylinder head
6 ... cylinder block
7 ... valve cap
8 ... the upper surface in the space in the firing chamber of valve cap
9 ... compression ring
10 ... the upper end of countercylinder
11 ... the gas passageway
12 ... spring
13 ... the part of the not joining upper surface of valve cap with bottom surface mushroom valve
14 ... side-located gas-gate
15 ... deduct the bags of the outstanding part of valve cap from the burning interior space to the expansion of the master cylinder outside
16 ... the valve seat of mushroom valve
17 ... the exhaust mushroom valve
18 ... the opening portion of countercylinder
19 ... hydraulic pressure installation
20 ... the air inlet mushroom valve
21 ... the path of the interior week of connection master cylinder and the opening portion of countercylinder
22 ... oil ring
23 ... the top compression ring
24 ... the bottom compression ring
25 ... Overhead valve
26 ... piston
27 ... the firing chamber
28 ... cam
29 ... the spring of Overhead valve
30 ... the cam that joins with mushroom valve
31 ... second spring that joins with the part on the top of the 4th valve
32 ... the drive unit of electromagnetic type
33 ... Overhead valve as the use of air inlet mushroom valve
34 ... be arranged on the exhaust mushroom valve in the master cylinder outside
35 ... have apart from the second half cycle face of the tubular side of the valve cap of second half cycle of the distance of the central shaft of master cylinder
36 ... outer circumferential face towards the part adjacent of the countercylinder of the second half cycle face with described mushroom valve
37 ... the central shaft of master cylinder
38 ... on the central shaft of countercylinder with the straight line of three dot and dash line quadratures of the central shaft of central shaft that is connected master cylinder and countercylinder
39 ... three dot and dash line that the central shaft of the central shaft of master cylinder and countercylinder is linked
40 ... have apart from the first half cycle face of the tubular side of the valve cap of the first near half cycle of the distance of the central shaft of master cylinder
41 ... the oil injection valve is sprayed at the back side to the part adjacent with mushroom valve of valve cap
108 ... be arranged on first compression ring in the countercylinder of conventional example
113 ... the intake valve of conventional example
117 ... the variable volume parts of conventional example
118 ... bullport with the same conventional example of countercylinder
127 ... the firing chamber of conventional example
Embodiment
Below, first mode of execution is described.
First mode of execution is equivalent to first form.
Reciprocating engine illustrated in figures 1 and 2 has: cylinder head 5, cylinder block 6, master cylinder 1, piston 26, countercylinder 4, Overhead valve 25A and 25B, mushroom valve 2.
If Overhead valve 25A is selected selected as exhaust valve as intake valve and Overhead valve 25B, then during the induction stroke of piston 26, Overhead valve 25A is opened by cam 28A, and during the exhaust stroke of piston 26, Overhead valve 25B is opened by cam 28B.
The cam 28A that is used for Overhead valve 25A can be replaced by electromagnetic type device or hydraulic type device with the cam 28B that is used for Overhead valve 25B.
When mushroom valve 2 was opened, air inlet or exhaust gas were by between mushroom valve 2 and the duaspiracle seat 16.That is, mushroom valve 2 can be used as air inlet mushroom valve or exhaust mushroom valve.
When mushroom valve 2 was used as intake valve, during the induction stroke of piston 26, mushroom valve 2 was opened by cam 30.
When mushroom valve 2 was used as exhaust valve, during the exhaust stroke of piston 26, mushroom valve 2 was opened by cam 30.
Second drive portion that mushroom valve 2 is promoted comprises cam 30.
The cam 30 that is used for mushroom valve 2 can be replaced by electromagnetic type device or hydraulic type device.
Below, the example that is provided with of three intake valves and exhaust valve is described.Three are provided with example about Overhead valve 25A, 25B and mushroom valve 2.
Three that the situation shown in the example is set is not shown in patent documentation 3.
Be provided with in the example at three, the number of Overhead valve and the number of mushroom valve and number be more than three.
In first example, a plurality of exhaust mushroom valves are set on described second portion, the mushroom valve that is arranged on the described second portion only is defined as the exhaust mushroom valve.This key element is not shown in patent documentation 3.An air inlet Overhead valve is set in described first portion at least.
Therefore, in first example, compare with the motor of patent documentation 3, can increase the number and the area of the exhaust mushroom valve that is arranged on the described second portion with patent documentation 1.
When the exhaust mushroom valve was opened, by the upper surface 8 covering bottom surfaces 3 of valve cap 7 described later, the bottom surface 3 and the combustion gas of exhaust mushroom valve did not join.So, compare with the exhaust mushroom valve of patent documentation 1, the temperature of exhaust mushroom valve does not raise.Only can make the exhaust mushroom valve that is arranged on the described second portion become low temperature.Therefore, this motor can be realized the part of second purpose.
The upper surface and the lower surface of compression ring 9 are not exposed in the combustion gas.Therefore, compare as the situation of exhaust valve with the slide-valve of the 3rd form of using patent documentation 2 to be put down in writing, the temperature of compression ring 9 does not raise.
In first example, to compare with the exhaust mushroom valve of patent documentation 3, the combustion gas flow of an exhaust mushroom valve by being arranged at described second portion reduces, and the maximum temperature of a plurality of exhaust mushroom valves descends.Therefore, compare with patent documentation 3, the anti-knock tendency of first example improves.
Below, second example is described.
At described second portion a plurality of air inlet mushroom valves are set, the mushroom valve that is arranged on described second portion only is defined as the air inlet mushroom valve.This key element is not expression in patent documentation 3.An exhaust Overhead valve is set in described first portion at least.Therefore, in second example, compare with the motor of patent documentation 3, can increase the number and the area of air inlet mushroom valve with patent documentation 1.
Use Fig. 3 that the 3rd example is described.
The Overhead valve of more than one arbitrary number is set in the described first portion of the internal face of firing chamber 27, and the whole Overhead valve that is arranged in the described first portion all is an air inlet mushroom valve 33.And, on the second portion of the outside of master cylinder 1 expansion, exhaust mushroom valve 34 is being set.According to the identical reason of explanation of the temperature of the exhaust mushroom valve of first example, can limit the rising of the temperature of exhaust mushroom valve 34.Exhaust mushroom valve 34 does not make the fill factor of air inlet descend.Therefore, this motor can be realized second purpose fully.The temperature of air inlet mushroom valve 33 does not raise.
Set according to this, on the wall of firing chamber, do not have the part of the exhaust mushroom valve high temperature of putting down in writing in the hurdle than prior art.Therefore, when being high load, piston on whole wall of firing chamber, forms the flame arrest layer of mixed gas.
Consequently, compare with the motor of patent documentation 3 with patent documentation 1, the anti-knock tendency of spark ignition engines improves.So, can increase the compression ratio of this motor, thereby the thermal efficiency of this motor improves.Therefore, this motor can be realized the 3rd purpose.
Piston engine is if having one group of intake valve and exhaust valve then can turn round.Therefore, if Overhead valve and mushroom valve 2 and in comprise at least one group of intake valve and exhaust valve, then in the first embodiment, one group of intake valve and exhaust valve valve in addition are chosen to be any in intake valve and the exhaust valve, can turn round.
The number of Overhead valve and the number of mushroom valve and number be more than three.
Illustrated that more than Overhead valve is 25A and this situation of two of 25B, but if the number of the number of Overhead valve and mushroom valve and number be more than three, then the number of Overhead valve can be more than one arbitrary number.And, if the number of the number of Overhead valve and mushroom valve and number be more than three, then different with three above-mentioned examples, the setting that can change intake valve or exhaust valve.
The piston engine of first mode of execution has valve cap 7.
The prolongation of the central shaft of the axial region of mushroom valve 2 is set at consistent or almost parallel with the central shaft of countercylinder 4.Therefore, when promoting mushroom valve 2 by cam 30, valve cap 7 moves with mushroom valve 2, and move in countercylinder 4 bottom of valve cap 7.Therefore, the cam 30 that is used for mushroom valve 2 also works as the drive unit that promotes valve cap 7.
Between the upper end 10 of the valve seat 16 of mushroom valve 2 and countercylinder 4, be formed with the space.Upper end 10 is the space in 27 towards the firing chamber.
The tubular side of valve cap 7 is provided with the annular groove of compression ring 9 usefulness.In this annular groove, be provided with compression ring 9.This key element is not expression in patent documentation 3.
When mushroom valve 2 was closed, compression ring 9 was clamped between the inwall and described annular groove of countercylinder 4.Because compression ring 9 clampings are arranged between the tubular side of the inwall of countercylinder 4 and valve cap 7 when mushroom valve 2 is closed, so by compression ring 9 sealed combustion chambers 27, so that the not spaces loss that do not have valve cap 7 of the space in 27 to countercylinder 4 in from the firing chamber of combustion gas by the gap between the inwall of valve cap 7 and countercylinder 4.
For the upper surface 8 that makes valve cap 7 is close to the bottom surface 3 of mushroom valve 2, with the back side of valve cap 7 mutually ground connection be provided for the spring 12 of valve cap 7.Under the effect of spring 12, valve cap 7 is pressed in the bottom surface of mushroom valve 2.Therefore, by cam 30 and spring 12, drive valve cap 7 and mushroom valve 2 integratedly.
During piston is combustion stroke, combustion gas by valve cap 7 the tubular side and the gap between the inwall of countercylinder 4 flow into annular groove.The combustion gas of this inflow flow along a direction.So, the power of the direction that spring 12 is compressed puts on compression ring 9.So, combustion gas are pushed valve cap 7.Therefore, the intensity of spring 12 need surpass the combustion-gas pressure that imposes on compression ring 9.
In Fig. 1, the upper surface 8 of valve cap 7 is represented as the solid line of describing on the valve cap 7 and the border of mushroom valve 2 with the state that the bottom surface 3 of mushroom valve 2 is close to.In Fig. 1, describe two lighting outlets from the solid line of representing the state that both are close to.The lighting outlet of the lighting outlet of two lighting outlet is-symbols 8 and symbol 3.Described solid line is represented the bottom surface 3 of the upper surface 8 and the mushroom valve 2 of valve cap 7.Therefore, two lighting outlets are described respectively round about.
When the upper surface 8 of valve cap 7 was close to the bottom surface 3 of mushroom valve 2, combustion gas can not invade between the bottom surface 3 of valve cap 7 and mushroom valve 2.The size of the size of the upper surface 8 of valve cap 7 and the bottom surface 3 of mushroom valve 2 preferably equates.In this case, combustion-gas pressure can not act on the upper surface 8 of valve cap 7.In addition, during greater than the bottom surface 3 of mushroom valve 2, combustion-gas pressure acts on the upper surface 8 of valve cap 7 at the upper surface 8 of valve cap 7.
About Fig. 2, when promoting by 30 pairs of mushroom valves 2 of cam, valve cap 7 moves with mushroom valve 2.When mushroom valve 2 was pushed to maximum, the major part of valve cap 7 was positioned at countercylinder 4.When mushroom valve 2 is opened, be connected with the space outerpace of motor towards the firing chamber 27 of piston upper surface.
In the first embodiment, mushroom valve 2 is arranged on the wall of the first portion of the firing chamber 27 of the outside of master cylinder 1 expansion.And, the number of Overhead valve and the number of mushroom valve and number be more than three.Therefore, the existing example that does not have mushroom valve with the outside of master cylinder is compared, and the total of the intake valve of the motor of first mode of execution and the area of exhaust valve increases.In the first embodiment, Overhead valve 25A and 25B are provided with towards the upper surface of piston.Therefore, compare with the patent documentation 3 of side-located gas-gate formula, the total of the intake valve of the motor of first mode of execution and the area of exhaust valve increases.
Therefore, when high engine speeds was rotated, the air inlet of the motor of first mode of execution and the efficient of exhaust increased than existing example.This effect is not expression in patent documentation 1 and patent documentation 3.
In patent documentation 3 not about the record of the increase of the area of the intake valve of side-located gas-gate formula and exhaust valve.
In patent documentation 2, record the situation that is set up in parallel Overhead valve and slide-valve.Yet this record is different with first mode of execution.
Second to the 5th mode of execution is the substituting of key element of first mode of execution.In these mode of executions, can realize first purpose.
In these mode of executions, the difference with first mode of execution only is described.
The following describes second mode of execution.
About Fig. 4, countercylinder 4 is arranged at cylinder head 5.In this case, the gas passageway that joins with mushroom valve 2 is arranged at cylinder block.The mushroom valve 2 that is arranged on the cylinder outside is side valves.
The following describes the 3rd mode of execution.
About Fig. 5, replace spring 12, use pneumatic shuttle or the device of hydraulic pressure installation 19 or electromagnetic type or the device of electric.These devices are pushed the upper surface 8 of valve cap 7 to the bottom surface of mushroom valve 2.These devices and the 3rd spring 12 are devices that valve cap 7 is pushed towards valve seat 16.
In Fig. 5, the pressure of combustion gas imposes on compression ring 9, and valve cap is depressed.Make and depress at this that the bottom surface of valve cap and mushroom valve is not spaced under effect of power.
Comprise hydraulic pressure installation 19 and make the direction of valve cap with this power of depressing more than the power towards the valve seat 16 of mushroom valve 2 at interior said apparatus.
The following describes the 4th mode of execution.
About Fig. 6, mushroom valve 2 and valve cap 7 are integrally formed.
In Fig. 6, represent the imaginary mating face of mushroom valve 2 and valve cap 7 by dot and dash line.In fact, the mating face represented of dot and dash line does not exist.
About Fig. 6, be not provided with when pushing the 3rd spring 12 of valve cap 7, second spring 31 that joins with the axial region of mushroom valve 2 replaces the 3rd spring 12 to play a role.Second spring 31 pulls mushroom valve 2.Therefore, can omit the setting of spring 12.
In addition, because the 3rd spring 12 is set, therefore can omit the setting of second spring 31 that the axial region with mushroom valve 2 joins.
The following describes the 5th mode of execution.
About Fig. 7, the annular groove of compression ring 9 usefulness is arranged on the inwall of countercylinder 4.And, in this annular groove, be provided with compression ring 9.
In order to make compression ring 9 seal in combustion gases, when mushroom valve 2 was closed, compression ring 9 must be in the position between the inwall of tubular side that is clipped in valve cap 7 and countercylinder 4.On the tubular side of valve cap 7, do not form annular groove.Therefore, in this motor, the power that imposes on the combustion gas of compression ring 9 can not pushed valve cap 7 downwards.Therefore, in motor shown in Figure 7, can use than the spring a little less than the spring of motor shown in Figure 1.
The the 6th to the tenth mode of execution shown below is the mode of execution outside first to the 5th mode of execution.The the 6th to the tenth mode of execution has been improved first to the 5th mode of execution.
The the 6th to the tenth mode of execution is not record in patent documentation 1 and patent documentation 3.
The the 8th to the tenth mode of execution and the 6th mode of execution be not record in patent documentation 2.
Use Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 that the 6th mode of execution is described below.
The 6th mode of execution is equivalent to second form.
One end 10 of countercylinder 4 is arranged on and duaspiracle seat 16 position adjacent that are used for mushroom valve 2.The part adjacent and integrally formed towards the part of the countercylinder 4 of compression ring 9 with the mushroom valve 2 of countercylinder 4, or form the part of cylinder head.When mushroom valve 2 was opened, the umbrella shape portion of mushroom valve 2 was positioned at the inboard of countercylinder 4.
By on the central shaft of countercylinder 4 with four dot and dash line 38 of three dot and dash line, 39 quadratures of the central shaft of central shaft 37 that is connected master cylinder 1 and countercylinder 4, the complete cycle of the part adjacent with mushroom valve 2 of the described tubular side of valve cap 7 is divided into two half cycles.
Described two half cycles are apart near first half cycle of the distance of the central shaft 37 of master cylinder 1 with apart from second half cycle of the distance of the central shaft 37 of master cylinder 1.
The described tubular side of the valve cap 7 adjacent with mushroom valve 2 is divided into two half cycle faces.Described two half cycle faces are the second half cycle faces 35 that have the first half cycle face 40 of described first half cycle and have described second half cycle.
Towards the second half cycle face 35, form the adjacent part of duaspiracle seat with countercylinder 4.This part is depicted among Fig. 9 as the countercylinder by symbolic number 4 expressions.
Be positioned to the fixed wall in the outside, firing chamber of master cylinder 1 outside expansion and inner peripheral surface and form with joining towards the countercylinder 4 of the second half cycle face 35.
Form following part with part towards the countercylinder 4 of compression ring 9, when being the part adjacent of countercylinder 4 with mushroom valve 2, the fixed wall that forms with outer circumferential face 36 towards the countercylinder 4 of the second half cycle face 35 and towards the countercylinder 4 of the second half cycle face 35 is the fixed wall that are positioned to the outside, firing chamber of master cylinder 1 outside expansion with joining.
The opening portion 18 of countercylinder 4 is set near an end 10 of countercylinder 4.Opening portion 18 is towards the first half cycle face 40.
First gas passageway 11 is set between the space outerpace of duaspiracle seat 16 that is used for mushroom valve 2 and motor.
Can on the described second portion of expanding to the outside of master cylinder 1, be provided with many to valve cap 7, countercylinder 4 and opening portion 18.
In the 6th mode of execution, compare with the motor shown in the patent documentation 3 with patent documentation 1, to the volume reducing of the firing chamber of the outside of master cylinder 1 expansion, compression ratio raises.
During combustion stroke and expansion stroke, the heat of combustion gas imposes on the part of tubular side on the top of valve cap 7.
During combustion stroke and expansion stroke, from the central shaft of master cylinder 1 on the direction of the central shaft of countercylinder 4, the pressure of combustion gas imposes on the part adjacent with mushroom valve 2 of the tubular side of valve cap 7.So, when the part adjacent with mushroom valve 2 with the tubular side of valve cap 7 was divided into two half cycle face portion, the second half cycle face 35 was pressed against on the part of the countercylinder 4 with outer circumferential face 36 and is close to it.The part of countercylinder 4 with outer circumferential face 36 is towards the second half cycle face 35.Combustion gas can not flow between the two sides of being close to.The heat of combustion gas can not flow into the two sides of being close to.
So, in the 6th mode of execution, compare with the motor shown in the patent documentation 3, the area of part that the heat of combustion gas imposes on the tubular side of valve cap 7 reduces, and the heat loss amount of this motor reduces.The area of being close to is big more, and the temperature of tubular side descends more.Therefore, compare with the motor shown in the patent documentation 3, fuel availability improves, and anti-knock tendency also improves.
The following describes the 7th mode of execution.
The 7th mode of execution is equivalent to the 3rd form.
The two relevant problem of increase of torque when in the hurdle of prior art, recording with the raising of the conversion efficiency that realizes combustion gas simultaneously and high speed rotating.
This problem can solve by following setting.Be not set at diameter from the length of the stroke of the piston of the motor shown in first mode of execution to the, six mode of executions less than piston.That is, can make the diameter of the length of stroke of piston of described motor and main piston roughly the same or greater than the diameter of main piston.
According to this situation, compare with the motor of short strokeization, can improve the conversion efficiency of combustion gas.And, can improve the decline of intake efficiency of the high speed rotating of undersquare engine.The increase of the torque in the time of consequently, can realizing the raising of conversion efficiency and high speed simultaneously the two.Therefore, can realize the 3rd purpose.
The 8th mode of execution that uses Figure 10 is described.
The part adjacent burned gas heating when combustion stroke of valve cap 7 with mushroom valve 2.In spark ignition engines, pinking takes place in the high hot portion in the firing chamber.In reciprocating engine, the high hot portion in the firing chamber descends the fill factor of air inlet.
In order to address this problem, from the motor shown in first mode of execution to the, seven mode of executions, injection valve 41 is being set.This injection valve 41 sprays oil towards the back side of the part adjacent with mushroom valve 2 of valve cap 7.With the described back side mutually ground connection spring 12 is set.So, the temperature of the part adjacent with mushroom valve 2 of the tubular side of valve cap 7 descends.So, be difficult to produce pinking.So, can set compression ratio, improve the thermal efficiency than the highland.Therefore, can realize the 3rd purpose.
In addition, the fill factor of air inlet does not descend.
The following describes the 9th mode of execution.
In motor shown in Figure 11, set below in the whole mode of execution except that the 4th mode of execution, adding.
The face that joins with mushroom valve 2 of valve cap 7 forms the curved surface of convex, and the face that joins with valve cap 7 of mushroom valve 2 forms the curved surface of matrix.The curvature unanimity of these two curved surfaces.
In motor shown in Figure 1, when internal pressure of combustion chamber sharply increased, the part adjacent with mushroom valve 2 of valve cap 7 pushed to a side opposite with piston 26.And, the upper deformation adjacent that makes valve cap 7 with mushroom valve 2.The bottom surface 3 of mushroom valve 2 is indeformable.At this moment, in motor shown in Figure 11, between above-mentioned two curved surfaces, do not produce the gap.The state representation that above-mentioned two curved surfaces are close to is a solid line.When internal pressure of combustion chamber sharply increased, two curved surfaces of Figure 11 were not isolated.
The following describes the tenth mode of execution.
About motor shown in Figure 7, if oil is supplied with to the inwall of countercylinder 4, then because of the moving of wicking and valve cap 7, oil will invade the gap between the inwall of the tubular side of valve cap 7 and countercylinder 4.During induction stroke, the oily burned chamber that invades in the described gap sucks.So, the consumption of oil increases.
To this, as shown in figure 12, when the tubular side of valve cap 7 is provided with oil ring 22, can limit the consumption of oil.Yet the compression ring 9 that is arranged on the inwall of countercylinder 4 does not move.Therefore, compression ring 9 does not make oil move.Therefore, under situation shown in Figure 12, be arranged near the lack of lubrication of the compression ring 9 of firing chamber.
This problem solves by adding following setting.
As shown in figure 13, near the top compression ring 23 that is arranged at firing chamber 27 is arranged on the inwall of countercylinder 4, and bottom compression ring 24 is arranged on the tubular side of valve cap 7.Top compression ring 23 is arranged between bottom compression ring 24 and the firing chamber 27.The upper end of the bottom compression ring 24 when mushroom valve 2 is closed is positioned at the lower end position adjacent with top compression ring 23.Bottom compression ring 24 is arranged between oil ring 22 and the top compression ring 23.Oil ring 22 is arranged on the tubular side of described parts.
When valve cap 7 moved, bottom compression ring 24 also moved.The bottom compression ring 24 that moves makes to be removed by oil ring 22 and residual oil moves to the lower end of top compression ring 23.So, lubricate top compression ring 23.
Be provided with the ejiction opening of oil between the position of the oil ring 22 the when position of the bottom compression ring 24 when cam drives valve cap 7 for maximum and mushroom valve 2 are closed.So, bottom compression ring 24 increases mobile oil mass.
Claims (11)
1. reciprocating engine, it is characterized in that, has following structure, the firing chamber is formed between piston and the cylinder head, described firing chamber is to the expansion of the outside of master cylinder, the internal face of described firing chamber comprises first portion and second portion, described first portion is the part towards the internal face of the upper surface that is arranged on the piston in the described master cylinder, described second portion is the part to the internal face of the outside of described master cylinder expansion, countercylinder is arranged on the outside of described master cylinder, be provided with mushroom valve at described second portion, described mushroom valve has second drive unit of the axial region that drives described mushroom valve, when described mushroom valve is opened, gas is by described mushroom valve and be used between the duaspiracle seat of described mushroom valve, be provided with the parts of the bottom surface of the umbrella shape portion that covers described mushroom valve, described parts move back and forth in described countercylinder, described parts have the tubular side, described umbrella shape portion is positioned between described duaspiracle seat and the described parts, be provided with and be used to make described duaspiracle seat, the mechanism that described umbrella shape portion and described parts are close to, drive described mushroom valve and described parts integratedly by described second drive unit and described mechanism, on the position between the described tubular side of inwall that is clamped in described countercylinder and described parts, compression ring is set, described parts are positioned at the position that the described bottom surface with described mushroom valve joins, in possessing the reciprocating engine of above each key element
Overhead valve is arranged in the described first portion, and when described Overhead valve was opened, described gas was by described Overhead valve and be used between first valve seat of described Overhead valve, and described Overhead valve has first spring and first drive unit,
Described Overhead valve and described mushroom valve and in comprise one group of intake valve and exhaust valve at least,
The number of described Overhead valve and the number of described mushroom valve and number be more than three.
2. reciprocating engine, it is characterized in that, has following structure, the firing chamber is formed between piston and the cylinder head, described firing chamber is to the expansion of the outside of master cylinder, the internal face of described firing chamber comprises first portion and second portion, described first portion is the part towards the internal face of the upper surface that is arranged on the piston in the described master cylinder, described second portion is the part to the internal face of the outside of described master cylinder expansion, countercylinder is arranged on the outside of described master cylinder, be provided with mushroom valve at described second portion, described mushroom valve has second drive unit of the axial region that drives described mushroom valve, be provided with the parts of the bottom surface of the umbrella shape portion that covers described mushroom valve, described parts move back and forth in described countercylinder, described parts have the tubular side, described umbrella shape portion is positioned between the duaspiracle seat and described parts that is used for described mushroom valve, be provided with and be used to make described duaspiracle seat, the mechanism that described umbrella shape portion and described parts are close to, drive described mushroom valve and described parts integratedly by described second drive unit and described mechanism, the position that is held between the described tubular side of the inwall of described countercylinder and described parts is provided with compression ring, described parts are positioned at the position that the described bottom surface with described mushroom valve joins, in possessing the reciprocating engine of above each key element
Overhead valve is arranged in the described first portion, and when described Overhead valve was opened, described gas was by described Overhead valve and be used between first valve seat of described Overhead valve, and described Overhead valve has first spring and first drive unit,
Described Overhead valve and described mushroom valve and in comprise one group of intake valve and exhaust valve at least,
Described second portion is provided with a plurality of exhaust mushroom valves, and the whole described mushroom valve that is arranged on the described second portion is defined as the exhaust mushroom valve,
In described first portion, be provided with an air inlet Overhead valve at least.
3. reciprocating engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described second portion is provided with a plurality of air inlet mushroom valves, and the described mushroom valve that is arranged on the described second portion is defined as the air inlet mushroom valve,
In described first portion, be provided with an exhaust Overhead valve at least.
4. reciprocating engine, it is characterized in that, has following structure, the firing chamber is formed between piston and the cylinder head, described firing chamber is to the expansion of the outside of master cylinder, the internal face of described firing chamber comprises first portion and second portion, described first portion is the part towards the internal face of the upper surface that is arranged on the piston in the described master cylinder, described second portion is the part to the internal face of the outside of described master cylinder expansion, countercylinder is arranged on the outside of described master cylinder, described second portion is provided with mushroom valve, described mushroom valve has second drive unit of the axial region that drives described mushroom valve, when described mushroom valve is opened, gas is by described mushroom valve and be used between the duaspiracle seat of described mushroom valve, be provided with the parts of the bottom surface of the umbrella shape portion that covers described mushroom valve, described parts move back and forth in described countercylinder, described parts have the tubular side, described umbrella shape portion is positioned between the described duaspiracle seat and described parts that is used for described mushroom valve, be provided with and be used to make described duaspiracle seat, the mechanism that described umbrella shape portion and described parts are close to, drive described mushroom valve and described parts integratedly by described second drive unit and described mechanism, the position that is held between the described tubular side of the inwall of described countercylinder and described parts is provided with compression ring, described parts are positioned at the position that the described bottom surface with described mushroom valve joins, in possessing the reciprocating engine of above each key element
Described first portion is provided with the Overhead valve of more than one arbitrary number, and the whole described Overhead valve that is arranged in the described first portion is the air inlet Overhead valve,
Described Overhead valve has first spring and first drive unit,
The number of described Overhead valve and the number of described mushroom valve and number be more than three,
Described second portion is provided with the exhaust mushroom valve.
5. according to the described reciprocating engine of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that,
One end of described countercylinder is arranged on and described duaspiracle seat position adjacent,
By on the described central shaft of described countercylinder with the straight line of the straight line quadrature of the central shaft of central shaft that is connected described master cylinder and described countercylinder, the complete cycle of the part adjacent with described mushroom valve of the described tubular side of described parts is divided into two half cycles
Described two half cycles are apart near first half cycle of the distance of the described central shaft of described master cylinder with apart from second half cycle of the distance of the described central shaft of described master cylinder,
The described part adjacent with described mushroom valve of the described tubular side of described parts is divided into two half cycle faces,
Described two half cycle faces are the second half cycle faces that have the first half cycle face of described first half cycle and have described second half cycle,
Towards the described second half cycle face, form described countercylinder with the adjacent part of described duaspiracle seat,
Be positioned to the fixing wall in the outside of the described firing chamber of the outside of described master cylinder expansion and inner peripheral surface and form with joining towards the described countercylinder of the described second half cycle face,
Be provided with the opening portion of described countercylinder near a described end of described countercylinder, described opening portion is towards the described first half cycle face,
Between the space outerpace of described duaspiracle seat and described motor, be provided with first gas passageway,
Be provided with during described mushroom valve is opened second gas passageway that connects space and described first gas passageway in the described master cylinder with short distance, in described second gas passageway, comprise described opening portion.
6. according to the described reciprocating engine of claim 1～5, it is characterized in that,
The length of the stroke of the described piston of described motor is not set at the diameter less than described piston.
7. according to the described reciprocating engine of claim 1～5, it is characterized in that,
Set up towards the back side of the part adjacent of described parts and spray the oil injection valve with described mushroom valve, with the described back side mutually ground connection the 3rd spring is set.
8. according to claim 1,2 and 4 described reciprocating engine, it is characterized in that,
In described countercylinder, be provided for the groove of described compression ring,
In described groove, be provided with described compression ring.
9. according to claim 1 and 5 described reciprocating engine, it is characterized in that,
The face that joins with described mushroom valve of described parts forms the curved surface of convex, and the face that joins with described parts of described mushroom valve forms the curved surface of matrix, the curvature unanimity of described two curved surfaces,
Do not make described parts and described mushroom valve integrated,
The described umbrella shape portion of described parts and described mushroom valve is positioned at the position that joins.
10. according to claim 1 and 5 described reciprocating engine, it is characterized in that,
The top compression ring is arranged on the inwall of described countercylinder, described top compression ring be arranged on described firing chamber near,
The bottom compression ring is arranged on the tubular side of described parts,
Between described bottom compression ring and described firing chamber, be provided with described top compression ring,
The upper end of the described bottom compression ring when described mushroom valve is closed is positioned at the lower end position adjacent with described top compression ring,
Oil ring is arranged on the described tubular side of described parts,
Between described oil ring and described top compression ring, be provided with described bottom compression ring.
11. according to claim 1 and 5 described reciprocating engine, it is characterized in that,
The device that described parts are pushed towards described duaspiracle seat is described mechanism,
As the described device that described parts are pushed towards described duaspiracle seat, use and described parts the 3rd spring of ground connection setting mutually,
Described the 3rd spring is the space in the described firing chamber not.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009-241923 | 2009-10-21 | ||
| JP2009241923A JP4558090B1 (en) | 2009-01-20 | 2009-10-21 | Piston engine with parts that cover the bottom of the umbrella part of the valve |
| PCT/JP2010/050446 WO2010084831A1 (en) | 2009-01-20 | 2010-01-17 | Piston engine with part for covering bottom surface of cap portion of mushroom valve |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102216586A true CN102216586A (en) | 2011-10-12 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201080003207.4A Pending CN102216586A (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2010-01-17 | Piston engine with part for covering bottom surface of cap portion of mushroom valve |
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| CN (1) | CN102216586A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5701859A (en) * | 1995-07-05 | 1997-12-30 | Aktiebolaget Electrolux | Compression release valve for a combustion engine |
| WO2001066920A1 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2001-09-13 | Michael Patrick Dixon | Homogeneous or premixed charge auto-ignition engine |
| JP2001355470A (en) * | 2000-06-15 | 2001-12-26 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Internal combustion engine |
| US6427643B1 (en) * | 1997-09-09 | 2002-08-06 | Michael Patrick Dixon | Internal combustion engine with variable compression ratio |
| GB2411694A (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2005-09-07 | Thomas Tsoi Hei Ma | I.c. engine auto-ignition timing calibration and control method |
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2010
- 2010-01-17 CN CN201080003207.4A patent/CN102216586A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5701859A (en) * | 1995-07-05 | 1997-12-30 | Aktiebolaget Electrolux | Compression release valve for a combustion engine |
| US6427643B1 (en) * | 1997-09-09 | 2002-08-06 | Michael Patrick Dixon | Internal combustion engine with variable compression ratio |
| WO2001066920A1 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2001-09-13 | Michael Patrick Dixon | Homogeneous or premixed charge auto-ignition engine |
| JP2001355470A (en) * | 2000-06-15 | 2001-12-26 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Internal combustion engine |
| GB2411694A (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2005-09-07 | Thomas Tsoi Hei Ma | I.c. engine auto-ignition timing calibration and control method |
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