CN102213667A - Measurement and control system oriented to solid-liquid two-phase soft grain flow precision processing - Google Patents
Measurement and control system oriented to solid-liquid two-phase soft grain flow precision processing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a measurement and control system oriented to solid-liquid two-phase soft grain flow precision processing, and the system provided by the invention comprises a sensor group, a data acquisition module connected with the sensor group, an analysis processing module connected with the data acquisition module, and a fuzzy control module, wherein a parameter sequence constitutes a row of data in a parameter matrix; the flow of a pump is taken as the controlled variable of the fuzzy control module, the match degree value and transformation rate of the parameter matrix at the moment and the parameters matrix at the previous moment are taken as the input values of the fuzzy control module; and the matching degree value and the transformation rate are input into a display module through a transmission module, the data acquisition module is connected with the display module through the transmission module, an actual signal obtained by the sensor group is displayed in the display module.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to precision die polishing field, mainly is a kind of TT﹠C system towards solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream precision die polissoir.
Technical background
Along with the lifting of people's modernization life requirement and the cut-throat competition of internationalization commodity market, China's mould industry is no matter on designed capacity, quantitatively, still on workmanship, all had than quantum jump, still, as cosmetics of everyday use and beverage packaging device, the IT industry product, optical mirror slip is more arranged, and camera lens, laser disc etc. have all proposed high requirement to the die surface roughness.
The moulding process of mould adopts methods such as milling, electric spark, line cutting, electroforming at present.But the die surface roughness Ra value that processes is 10 μ m, and adopting high-caliber electrical process machine surface roughness Ra value is 0.8-1.6 μ m, but its machine tool costliness and process time are longer.Design at mould, make, roughing is beaten in finishing and the last polishing process, because the surfaceness of mould and the serviceable life of mould, the outward appearance of goods and whether to be convenient to the demoulding in close relations, therefore as last one manufacturing procedure---polishing, it is more and more important just to become, and the polishing that solves the surperficial and similar surface of this class is significant.
Existing method is generally all utilized tool in contact or is processed near surface of the work, and processing needs the tool using electrode as the electrolysis polishing, and grinding and polishing need use lap and polishing tool.But, add man-hour when carrying out polishing to special-shaped surfaces such as the ditch in the precision die, groove, hole, prism, pyramid, narrow slits, because this class surface to be machined is too trickle, the part mould surface has unmanageable zones such as right-angled corner in addition, so above-mentioned have the tool processes method to be difficult to it is carried out comprehensive polishing processing.
In order to break through the bottleneck that special-shaped surfaces such as the ditch in the precision die, groove, hole, prism, pyramid, narrow slit is carried out polishing processing.The expert has proposed the fluid process technology both at home and abroad, because the flow characteristics of fluid can make fluid and finished surface form " seamless " and contact, so the fluid process technology has incomparable advantage in some specific processing occasions.The solid particle that utilization has an ablation mixes with viscous liquid that to constitute that abrasive Flow processes be emerging in recent years job operation.Wherein solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream precision processing technology is to utilize to be in the abrasive Flow of turbulence state special-shaped surfaces such as the ditch of mould, groove, hole, prism, pyramid, narrow slit are carried out the ablation of little power trace.Mainly concentrate on fundamental research about polishing at present and especially turbulent flow is being carried out the Precision Machining Mechanism analysis based on soft abrasive stream.
At present diphasic stream parameter detect with application in, though can determine flow pattern according to flow regime map and flow pattern switching criterion, effective method still utilizes the actual fluidised form of two-phase flow in the direct measuring channel of certain instrument in actual engineering.The detection method of fluidised form can be divided into two classes according to principle of work: the 1. direct method of measurement, according to the Two-phase flow form, directly determine fluidised form, and as ocular estimate, high speed video process, ray attenuation method and contact sonde method etc.2. the indirect method of measurement is carried out statistical study by the signal to reaction two-phase flow wave characteristic, determines fluidised form.Statistical analysis technique commonly used has probability density function (PDF) and power spectral density function (PSD), and the signal of the reaction two-phase flow wave characteristic of normal measurement is by static pressure, voidage etc.
Described two-phase flow detection method has bigger limitation, is difficult to satisfy actual requirement of engineering; At first, ocular estimate in the direct method of measurement, carry out in the high-accuracy processing at solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream, can't detect fluidised form by range estimation, simultaneously, because high speed video process, the instrument in the methods such as ray attenuation method and contact sonde method is very expensive, use cost is too high, is difficult to popularize engineering and uses; Secondly, in the indirect method of measurement, because solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive flows precision machined small runner, and the outstanding feature of turbulent flow is its flow velocity of performance, and dynamic characteristics such as pressure are done disorderly, unordered pulsation, can't carry out complete analysis to turbulent flow with simple room and time function, therefore, be difficult to use the static pressure of the signal of measuring reaction two-phase flow wave characteristic, these parameters such as voidage.
In solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream precision die polishing research field, the correlativity of probing into interior abrasive Flow flow state of the runner with constraints module and polishing at present mainly also is in theoretical analysis and the numerical simulation calculating.Because of the complicated dynamic characteristic that the interior solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive of the runner with constraints module flows, the characteristics of motion of studying it is relatively more difficult, not only needs theoretical derivation, and the while also needs the proof of testing and assists.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the problems referred to above of prior art, the invention provides a kind of solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive that can accurately detect and flow fluidised form, what cost was low, cost is low flows precision machined TT﹠C system towards solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive.
Flow precision machined TT﹠C system towards solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive, comprise the sensor groups that is installed on the abrasive Flow flow state parameter of obtaining current time on the abrasive Flow runner, the data acquisition module that is connected with sensor groups, be connected with data acquisition module, the flow state Parameters Transformation that each sensor is obtained is an argument sequence, and with the analysis and processing module of all argument sequence formation parameter matrixs with the parameter matrix of current time and the parameter matrix comparison in a last moment, flow by the pump on the control runner makes the flow state of abrasive Flow keep stable fuzzy control model;
Argument sequence constitutes the data line in the described parameter matrix;
With the flow of pump controlled variable, with the matching degree value of parameter matrix and last a parameter matrix constantly of current time and interconversion rate input value as fuzzy control model as fuzzy control model; Described matching degree value and interconversion rate are by in the transport module input display module, and described data acquisition module is connected with described display module by described transport module, and the actual signal that described sensor groups is obtained is shown in described display module.
Further, described sensor groups comprises the vibration transducer of the actual vibration signal that is installed on runner, obtains runner, the pressure transducer of the actual pressure signal that is installed on runner bottom, produces when obtaining abrasive Flow and flowing through, obtain the temperature sensor of abrasive Flow actual temperature signal, obtain the flow sensor of the current actual flow rate signals of abrasive Flow, obtain the flow sensor of the actual flow signal of abrasive Flow in the runner.
Further, be provided with conditioning module that the conversion of signals that each sensor is obtained is the treatable signal of single-chip microcomputer and be the A/D converter of digital signal between described sensor groups and the data acquisition module with the conversion of signals of conditioning module output.
Further, described data acquisition module comprises interference noise in the filtered signal, forms the digital filtering unit of purified signal, and purified signal is done scale transformation, formed the correction-compensation unit of the temperature drift of the scale transformation unit of correct proportions signal and compensation correct proportions signal;
Adopt digital low-pass filtering: Y (k)=(1-a) Y (k-1)+aX (k) for pressure signal and vibration signal
Wherein, a be one less than 1 constant:
A=T/ (T+RC), T is the sampling period, RC is a time constant;
Adopt first-order lag filtering, Y (k)=(1-Q) Y (K-1)+QX (K) for temperature signal
Wherein, filter factor: Q=T/ (T+ τ); T is the sampling period, and τ is the time constant of digital filter;
Adopt the moving average filter method for flow signal,
Y (K)=Q
1X (K)+Q
2X (K-1)+Q
3X (K-2); Q wherein
1+ Q
2+ Q
3=1, and Q
1＞Q
2＞Q
3
Further, described analysis and processing module is for carrying out the wavelet packet analysis unit of multiple dimensioned refinement, formation argument sequence to the signal from data acquisition module.
Perhaps, described analysis and processing module is for being converted to parameter signal by base-2 decimation in time fast fourier transform algorithms the fast Fourier transform analysis unit of argument sequence.
Technical conceive of the present invention is: obtain flox condition parameter in the runner by sensor groups is set on the abrasive Flow runner, processing module is argument sequence, formation parameter matrix with Parameters Transformation by analysis, with the matching degree value of the parameter matrix of current time and last a parameter matrix constantly and interconversion rate input value as fuzzy control model, with the flow of pump controlled variable, utilize FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL to make abrasive Flow be in stable flow state as fuzzy control model.Only need obtain the state parameter of abrasive Flow under the different flox conditions, can simulate the characteristics of motion of abrasive Flow.
The output signal of pressure transducer, vibration transducer, flow sensor, flow sensor, temperature sensor is through entering the front end microcontroller with multiplexer channel A/D converter behind the signal conditioning circuit separately.In application software framework based on the finite state machine automaton theory, mutual situation according to experimenter and integrated data acquisition module and Digital Signal Analysis and Processing modular device, different measuring-signal variablees is selected in opening or turn-off with this of switching and control different data acquisition passage, selects the different digital signal processing algorithm to come deal with data by software arrangements afterwards.In based on the application software framework of finite state machine automaton theory,, call scale transformation program, temperature compensation and the introducing correction corrective system error program of different digital filter programs, sampled data and carry out the pre-service of data at the signal of gathering different sensors.
Modulate circuit is employing gain-programmed amplifier and instrument amplifier under the precision of considering amplifier (imbalance and temperature are floated), speed, amplitude (operating voltage range and gain) and common mode inhibition etc. require mainly, and structure comprises: modulate circuits such as amplification, filtering, linear compensation, isolation, protection.
The digital filtering unit mainly is the characteristics according to unlike signal, designs different digital filter programs.Pressure signal and vibration signal adopt digital low-pass filtering according to characteristics such as the fast high frequency noise of its pace of change are many; The characteristics continuous according to temperature signal under the operating mode and variation lags behind adopt first-order lag filtering; According to the inlet flow rate signal characteristics of fluctuation continuously and up and down, adopt the moving average filter method.
Based on the application software framework of finite state machine automat, foundation has the configurable data acquisition of acquisition function of good man-machine interaction and extensibility and the software architecture of Digital Signal Analysis and Processing.Flowing precision machined experimental study towards solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive with in the design of TT﹠C system, the front end integrated data is gathered the device software state machine of acquisition module and Digital Signal Analysis processing module, can regard an event-driven treatment mechanism as, be a pure event response engine kernel.The TT﹠C system software configuration towards solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream based on this finite state machine is the state machine of a stratification, comprises two external break events, a time-event, the state machine structure of three levels.State machine is mainly used in catches the control stream that embedded Linux platform is sent, select signal and Digital Signal Analysis and the Processing Algorithm and the important data processing operation of needs collection according to user's indication, and transfer to embedded Linux platform Real-time and Dynamic chart show state, and, explore the flow state of optimum processing effect in conjunction with solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream Precision Machining mechanism.
External break events is that the outside level that the front end integrated data is gathered acquisition module and Digital Signal Analysis and treating apparatus interrupts, it by embedded Linux platform according to experimenter's instruction generation and be transferred to front end integrated data collection acquisition module and Digital Signal Analysis and treating apparatus.Be mainly used in three state exchange effects: at first be used for the control data acquisition module and run on automatic data acquisition mode state or manual control data drainage pattern state; Next be the control data acquisition module in the manual mode state, switch to unlike signal (vibration signal, pressure signal, flow signal, flow velocity signal) and gather separately; Once more, the Digital Signal Analysis digital signal processing algorithm different with disposal system given in configuration, comprising: wavelet packet analysis, fast Fourier transform analysis.
Time-event is that the timing that timer produces in the microcontroller of front end integrated data acquisition module and Digital Signal Analysis and treating apparatus is interrupted.Be mainly used under the automatic data acquisition mode state, the sequence order of setting according to the time follow procedure gather behind vibration signal, pressure signal, flow signal, the flow velocity signal through after the data pre-service in Digital Signal Analysis and disposal system the algorithm according to program setting handle.
The state machine of stratification comprises tri-layer, in first level, has init state, automatic data acquisition mode state, manual data drainage pattern state.In second level, under the automatic data acquisition mode state, have processes temperature signal state, vibration signal processing state, pressure signal treatment state, flow signal treatment state, flow velocity signal treatment state, data processing algorithm and data transmission state, cycle of states conversion under the driving of time-event is to reach the automatic data acquisition purpose; Under manual data drainage pattern state, have pressure signal state, vibration signal state, flow signal state, externally interrupt event drives the collection of switching unlike signal down.Under tri-layer, promptly under each signals collecting state under the manual data drainage pattern state (pressure signal state, vibration signal state, flow signal state), have wavelet packet analysis state, fast Fourier transform analysis state, externally between different analytical algorithm states, switch under the event-driven.
Analysis and processing module is at the various signal characteristics that different flow state reflected of the stream of the solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive in the runner with constraints module.Adjust its algorithm parameter by experiment, the signal characteristic of the digital signal of the different flow states of extraction solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream, the correlativity of the flow state of research characteristic and solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream is with this auxiliary theoretical research.Adopt the digital signal processing algorithm of two covers can carry out hand-off process: wavelet packet analysis algorithm and fast Fourier transform analysis algorithm.
The wavelet packet analysis unit is mainly based on the Mallat algorithm, have disorderly according to the middle formation turbulent flow of solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream, the characteristics of unordered pulsation, after carrying out 5 layers of wavelet decomposition, in the wavelet reconstruction that carries out radio-frequency component is revised, with the characteristics of the turbulent flow of outstanding abrasive Flow, so that discern the flow state of solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream.
The Mallat algorithmic formula is as follows:
Wherein, h, g are respectively scale coefficient and wavelet coefficient, C
J+1, k, D
J+1, kBe the smoothing factor and the detail coefficients of j+1 layer.Because the limited length of wave filter is as follows with fortran for conveniently calculating:
Because adopt the DB4 small echo, its scaling function coefficient is:
h
0＝0.483，h
1＝0.837，h
2＝0.224，h
3＝-0.129。
Then the wavelet function coefficient of DB4 small echo is:
g
0＝h
3，g
1＝-h
2，g
2＝h
1，g
3＝h
0
Being write as C language expression form is:
This formula is actually an iterative formula, a given initialize signal sequence { C
j, be file layout with the array, can calculate signal characteristic sequence { C
J+1, { C
J+2... { C
J+5Etc. sequence.The data of all analysis and processing module are all transmitted in the distinct program module with the form of message queue in based on the finite state machine software architecture.
The fast Fourier transform analysis unit is mainly realized calculating based on the fixed point program, adopts base-2 decimation in time fast fourier transform algorithms, in the implementation procedure of fft algorithm, data is pressed the rearrangement of scale-of-two inverted sequence adopt Reiter's algorithm.In theory, fft algorithm all is to draw under input and output are the condition of sequence of complex numbers, but is flowing precision machined experimental study towards solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive with in the TT﹠C system, and the signal data of gathering all is a sequence of real numbers in real time.Setting signal sequence x (n) wherein sets n=128.
Analysis and processing module is integrated in based in the front end microcontroller under the software architecture of finite state machine.
Fuzzy control model, flow state with the solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream in the runner of constraints module is during as the object of TT﹠C system, because it is subjected to multiple factor restriction, and because the characteristics of motion that the flows understanding deficiency of solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream and the complicacy of system, can't set up the mathematical model of describing its response characteristic, can not further determine the control model algorithm, therefore, adopt in conjunction with experimental study personnel's experience that the fuzzy set of fuzzy language definition is incompatible is sorted out classification.The manual control strategy of success is summarized as the fuzzy polling list of a description control countermeasure, carries out the table lookup operation of computing machine, to realize fuzzy controller.
Fuzzy control model realizes on embedded Linux platform, exists with the process form of a (SuSE) Linux OS.This controller is a controlled variable with the flow of pump, and the signal matrix of forming with the proper vector of passing through the wavelet packet extraction of signals such as pressure signal, vibration signal, flow signal draws the signal characteristic matrix through the Multi-sensor Fusion calculation procedure based on Kalman filtering algorithm on embedded Linux platform.Pass through the matching degree value of the histogram intersection method calculated characteristics matrix in the Digital Image Processing afterwards, at last with matching degree value and interconversion rate thereof input quantity as fuzzy controller.
Transport module between display module and data acquisition system (DAS), the analysis process system is a three-level system: the device of front end integrated data acquisition module and analysis and processing module at first, transmit data that digital signal processing algorithm handles to embedded Linux platform by asynchronous serial port, the two communication has the communication protocol of simple and stable; Secondly, in order to highlight embedded Linux platform advantage on network, embedded Linux platform is passed through Ethernet protocol with communicating by letter of computing machine, on embedded Linux platform, realize Web server, the experimenter is by the web browser on the computing machine, collect experimental data and check data, do not need special computer program with the webpage diagrammatic form.
Communication protocol is communication unit with the frame mainly, and the form of frame is as follows: frame head+total bytes+frame ordering+content frame+verification and.Detail is as follows: 1. frame head: 0xAA, 0x55 (2 byte); 2. total bytes: the total amount of byte that this frame comprises (1 byte) can not surpass 20 bytes; 3. frame ordering: the function of this frame (1 byte); 4. content frame: content frame (n byte); 5. verification and: the verification of total bytes, frame ordering, all bytes of content frame and (1 byte).
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1) this method is installed multiple sensors having on the constraints module workpiece, by multiple signal is carried out special real time signal processing, then multi-sensor information is merged, can accurately detect solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream fluidised form, and need not other costlinesses, as high speed video process, the instrument that uses in ray attenuation method and the contact sonde method.
2) equipment manufacturing cost is low, and is easy for installation, is easy to dismounting, is fit to through engineering approaches.
3) adopt wavelet analysis technology to extract the high-frequency signal of the multiple signal of abrasive Flow fluidised form, form the actual fluidised form that abrasive Flow was discerned and inferred to abrasive Flow fluidised form mark sheet, improved the accuracy of abrasive Flow fluidised form identification greatly with a large amount of experimental datas.
4) the solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream TT﹠C software framework based on finite-state automata of perfect in shape and function, have the configurable data acquisition of acquisition function of good man-machine interaction and extensibility and the software architecture of signal analysis and processing, realistic meaning and using value are arranged very much.
5) adopt embedded Linux technology, utilize its perfect network function, make the researchist to carry out checking and controlling of data by the computer website browser.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 solid-liquid two-phase of the present invention soft abrasive stream TT﹠C system is formed synoptic diagram.
The UML constitutional diagram of finite state machine in Fig. 2 front end data acquisition of the present invention and the signal processing apparatus.
State machine state level synoptic diagram in Fig. 3 front end data acquisition of the present invention and the signal processing apparatus.
Fig. 4 multi-sensor data integration program of the present invention synoptic diagram.
Fig. 5 embedded Linux system of the present invention and computer program process flow diagram.
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing, further specify the present invention:
Flow precision machined TT﹠C system towards solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive, comprise the sensor groups that is installed on the abrasive Flow flow state parameter of obtaining current time on the abrasive Flow runner, the data acquisition module that is connected with sensor groups, be connected with data acquisition module, the flow state Parameters Transformation that each sensor is obtained is an argument sequence, and with the analysis and processing module of all argument sequence formation parameter matrixs with the parameter matrix of current time and the parameter matrix comparison in a last moment, flow by the pump on the control runner makes the flow state of abrasive Flow keep stable fuzzy control model;
Argument sequence constitutes the data line in the described parameter matrix;
With the flow of pump controlled variable, with the matching degree value of parameter matrix and last a parameter matrix constantly of current time and interconversion rate input value as fuzzy control model as fuzzy control model; Described matching degree value and interconversion rate are by in the transport module input display module, and described data acquisition module is connected with described display module by described transport module, and the actual signal that described sensor groups is obtained is shown in described display module.
Described sensor groups comprises the vibration transducer of the actual vibration signal that is installed on runner, obtains runner, the pressure transducer of the actual pressure signal that is installed on runner bottom, produces when obtaining abrasive Flow and flowing through, obtain the temperature sensor of abrasive Flow actual temperature signal, obtain the flow sensor of the current actual flow rate signals of abrasive Flow, obtain the flow sensor of the actual flow signal of abrasive Flow in the runner.
Be provided with conditioning module that the conversion of signals that each sensor is obtained is the treatable signal of single-chip microcomputer between described sensor groups and the data acquisition module and be the A/D converter of digital signal the conversion of signals of conditioning module output.
Described data acquisition module comprises interference noise in the filtered signal, forms the digital filtering unit of purified signal, and purified signal is done scale transformation, formed the correction-compensation unit of the temperature drift of the scale transformation unit of correct proportions signal and compensation correct proportions signal;
Adopt digital low-pass filtering for pressure signal and vibration signal:
Y(k)＝(1-a)Y(k-1)+aX(k)
Wherein, a be one less than 1 constant:
A=T/ (T+RC), T is the sampling period, RC is a time constant;
Adopt first-order lag filtering, Y (k)=(1-Q) Y (K-1)+QX (K) for temperature signal
Wherein, filter factor: Q=T/ (T+ τ); T is the sampling period, and τ is the time constant of digital filter;
Adopt the moving average filter method for flow signal,
Y (K)=Q
1X (K)+Q
2X (K-1)+Q
3X (K-2); Q wherein
1+ Q
2+ Q
3=1, and Q
1＞Q
2＞Q
3
Described analysis and processing module is for carrying out the wavelet packet analysis unit of multiple dimensioned refinement, formation argument sequence to the signal from data acquisition module.
Technical conceive of the present invention is: obtain flox condition parameter in the runner by sensor groups is set on the abrasive Flow runner, processing module is argument sequence, formation parameter matrix with Parameters Transformation by analysis, with the matching degree value of the parameter matrix of current time and last a parameter matrix constantly and interconversion rate input value as fuzzy control model, with the flow of pump controlled variable, utilize FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL to make abrasive Flow be in stable flow state as fuzzy control model.Only need obtain the state parameter of abrasive Flow under the different flox conditions, can simulate the characteristics of motion of abrasive Flow.
The output signal of pressure transducer, vibration transducer, flow sensor, flow sensor, temperature sensor is through entering the front end microcontroller with multiplexer channel A/D converter behind the signal conditioning circuit separately.In application software framework based on the finite state machine automaton theory, mutual situation according to experimenter and integrated data acquisition module and Digital Signal Analysis and Processing modular device, different measuring-signal variablees is selected in opening or turn-off with this of switching and control different data acquisition passage, selects the different digital signal processing algorithm to come deal with data by software arrangements afterwards.In based on the application software framework of finite state machine automaton theory,, call scale transformation program, temperature compensation and the introducing correction corrective system error program of different digital filter programs, sampled data and carry out the pre-service of data at the signal of gathering different sensors.
Modulate circuit is employing gain-programmed amplifier and instrument amplifier under the precision of considering amplifier (imbalance and temperature are floated), speed, amplitude (operating voltage range and gain) and common mode inhibition etc. require mainly, and structure comprises: modulate circuits such as amplification, filtering, linear compensation, isolation, protection.
The digital filtering unit mainly is the characteristics according to unlike signal, designs different digital filter programs.Pressure signal and vibration signal adopt digital low-pass filtering according to characteristics such as the fast high frequency noise of its pace of change are many; The characteristics continuous according to temperature signal under the operating mode and variation lags behind adopt first-order lag filtering; According to the inlet flow rate signal characteristics of fluctuation continuously and up and down, adopt the moving average filter method.
Based on the application software framework of finite state machine automat, foundation has the configurable data acquisition of acquisition function of good man-machine interaction and extensibility and the software architecture of Digital Signal Analysis and Processing.Flowing precision machined experimental study towards solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive with in the design of TT﹠C system, the front end integrated data is gathered the device software state machine of acquisition module and Digital Signal Analysis processing module, can regard an event-driven treatment mechanism as, be a pure event response engine kernel.The TT﹠C system software configuration towards solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream based on this finite state machine is the state machine of a stratification, comprises two external break events, a time-event, the state machine structure of three levels.State machine is mainly used in catches the control stream that embedded Linux platform is sent, select signal and Digital Signal Analysis and the Processing Algorithm and the important data processing operation of needs collection according to user's indication, and transfer to embedded Linux platform Real-time and Dynamic chart show state, and, explore the flow state of optimum processing effect in conjunction with solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream Precision Machining mechanism.
External break events is that the outside level that the front end integrated data is gathered acquisition module and Digital Signal Analysis and treating apparatus interrupts, it by embedded Linux platform according to experimenter's instruction generation and be transferred to front end integrated data collection acquisition module and Digital Signal Analysis and treating apparatus.Be mainly used in three state exchange effects: at first be used for the control data acquisition module and run on automatic data acquisition mode state or manual control data drainage pattern state; Next be the control data acquisition module in the manual mode state, switch to unlike signal (vibration signal, pressure signal, flow signal, flow velocity signal) and gather separately; Once more, the Digital Signal Analysis digital signal processing algorithm different with disposal system given in configuration, comprising: wavelet packet analysis, fast Fourier transform analysis.
Time-event is that the timing that timer produces in the microcontroller of front end integrated data acquisition module and Digital Signal Analysis and treating apparatus is interrupted.Be mainly used under the automatic data acquisition mode state, the sequence order of setting according to the time follow procedure gather behind vibration signal, pressure signal, flow signal, the flow velocity signal through after the data pre-service in Digital Signal Analysis and disposal system the algorithm according to program setting handle.
The state machine of stratification comprises tri-layer, in first level, has init state, automatic data acquisition mode state, manual data drainage pattern state.In second level, under the automatic data acquisition mode state, have processes temperature signal state, vibration signal processing state, pressure signal treatment state, flow signal treatment state, flow velocity signal treatment state, data processing algorithm and data transmission state, cycle of states conversion under the driving of time-event is to reach the automatic data acquisition purpose; Under manual data drainage pattern state, have pressure signal state, vibration signal state, flow signal state, externally interrupt event drives the collection of switching unlike signal down.Under tri-layer, promptly under each signals collecting state under the manual data drainage pattern state (pressure signal state, vibration signal state, flow signal state), have wavelet packet analysis state, fast Fourier transform analysis state, externally between different analytical algorithm states, switch under the event-driven.
Analysis and processing module is at the various signal characteristics that different flow state reflected of the stream of the solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive in the runner with constraints module.Adjust its algorithm parameter by experiment, the signal characteristic of the digital signal of the different flow states of extraction solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream, the correlativity of the flow state of research characteristic and solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream is with this auxiliary theoretical research.Adopt the digital signal processing algorithm of two covers can carry out hand-off process: wavelet packet analysis algorithm and fast Fourier transform analysis algorithm.
The wavelet packet analysis unit is mainly based on the Mallat algorithm, have disorderly according to the middle formation turbulent flow of solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream, the characteristics of unordered pulsation, after carrying out 5 layers of wavelet decomposition, in the wavelet reconstruction that carries out radio-frequency component is revised, with the characteristics of the turbulent flow of outstanding abrasive Flow, so that discern the flow state of solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream.
The Mallat algorithmic formula is as follows:
Wherein, h, g are respectively scale coefficient and wavelet coefficient, C
J+1, k, D
J+1, kBe the smoothing factor and the detail coefficients of j+1 layer.Because the limited length of wave filter is as follows with fortran for conveniently calculating:
Because adopt the DB4 small echo, its scaling function coefficient is:
h
0＝0.483，h
1＝0.837，h
2＝0.224，h
3＝-0.129。
Then the wavelet function coefficient of DB4 small echo is:
g
0＝h
3，g
1＝-h
2，g
2＝h
1，g
3＝h
0
Being write as C language expression form is:
This formula is actually an iterative formula, a given initialize signal sequence { C
j, be file layout with the array, can calculate signal characteristic sequence { C
J+1, { C
J+2... { C
J+5Etc. sequence.The data of all analysis and processing module are all transmitted in the distinct program module with the form of message queue in based on the finite state machine software architecture.
Analysis and processing module is integrated in based in the front end microcontroller under the software architecture of finite state machine.
Fuzzy control model, flow state with the solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream in the runner of constraints module is during as the object of TT﹠C system, because it is subjected to multiple factor restriction, and because the characteristics of motion that the flows understanding deficiency of solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive stream and the complicacy of system, can't set up the mathematical model of describing its response characteristic, can not further determine the control model algorithm, therefore, adopt in conjunction with experimental study personnel's experience that the fuzzy set of fuzzy language definition is incompatible is sorted out classification.The manual control strategy of success is summarized as the fuzzy polling list of a description control countermeasure, carries out the table lookup operation of computing machine, to realize fuzzy controller.
Fuzzy control model realizes on embedded Linux platform, exists with the process form of a (SuSE) Linux OS.This controller is a controlled variable with the flow of pump, and the signal matrix of forming with the proper vector of passing through the wavelet packet extraction of signals such as pressure signal, vibration signal, flow signal draws the signal characteristic matrix through the Multi-sensor Fusion calculation procedure based on Kalman filtering algorithm on embedded Linux platform.Pass through the matching degree value of the histogram intersection method calculated characteristics matrix in the Digital Image Processing afterwards, at last with matching degree value and interconversion rate thereof input quantity as fuzzy controller.
Transport module between display module and data acquisition system (DAS), the analysis process system is a three-level system: the device of front end integrated data acquisition module and analysis and processing module at first, transmit data that digital signal processing algorithm handles to embedded Linux platform by asynchronous serial port, the two communication has the communication protocol of simple and stable; Secondly, in order to highlight embedded Linux platform advantage on network, embedded Linux platform is passed through Ethernet protocol with communicating by letter of computing machine, on embedded Linux platform, realize Web server, the experimenter is by the web browser on the computing machine, collect experimental data and check data, do not need special computer program with the webpage diagrammatic form.
Communication protocol is communication unit with the frame mainly, and the form of frame is as follows: frame head+total bytes+frame ordering+content frame+verification and.Detail is as follows: 1. frame head: 0xAA, 0x55 (2 byte); 2. total bytes: the total amount of byte that this frame comprises (1 byte) can not surpass 20 bytes; 3. frame ordering: the function of this frame (1 byte); 4. content frame: content frame (n byte); 5. verification and: the verification of total bytes, frame ordering, all bytes of content frame and (1 byte).
Embodiment two
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: described analysis and processing module is for being converted to parameter signal by base-2 decimation in time fast fourier transform algorithms the fast Fourier transform analysis unit of argument sequence.
The fast Fourier transform analysis unit is mainly realized calculating based on the fixed point program, adopts base-2 decimation in time fast fourier transform algorithms, in the implementation procedure of fft algorithm, data is pressed the rearrangement of scale-of-two inverted sequence adopt Reiter's algorithm.In theory, fft algorithm all is to draw under input and output are the condition of sequence of complex numbers, but is flowing precision machined experimental study towards solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive with in the TT﹠C system, and the signal data of gathering all is a sequence of real numbers in real time.Setting signal sequence x (n) wherein sets n=128.
The described content of this instructions embodiment only is enumerating the way of realization of inventive concept; protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as only limiting to the concrete form that embodiment states, protection scope of the present invention also reach in those skilled in the art conceive according to the present invention the equivalent technologies means that can expect.
Claims (6)
1. flow precision machined TT﹠C system towards solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive, it is characterized in that: comprise the sensor groups that is installed on the abrasive Flow flow state parameter of obtaining current time on the abrasive Flow runner, the data acquisition module that is connected with sensor groups, be connected with data acquisition module, the flow state Parameters Transformation that each sensor is obtained is an argument sequence, and with the analysis and processing module of all argument sequence formation parameter matrixs with the parameter matrix of current time and the parameter matrix comparison in a last moment, flow state by the abrasive Flow on the delivery rate control runner of pump keeps stable fuzzy control model;
Argument sequence constitutes the data line in the described parameter matrix;
With the flow of pump controlled variable, with the matching degree value of parameter matrix and last a parameter matrix constantly of current time and interconversion rate thereof input value as fuzzy control model as fuzzy control model; Described matching degree value and interconversion rate thereof are by in the transport module input display module, described data acquisition module is connected with described display module by described transport module, and the actual signal that described sensor groups is obtained is shown in described display module.
2. as claimed in claim 1ly flow precision machined TT﹠C system towards solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive, it is characterized in that: described sensor groups comprises the vibration transducer of the actual vibration signal that is installed on runner, obtains runner, the pressure transducer of the actual pressure signal that is installed on runner bottom, produces when obtaining abrasive Flow and flowing through, obtain the temperature sensor of abrasive Flow actual temperature signal, obtain the flow sensor of the current actual flow rate signals of abrasive Flow, obtain the flow sensor of the actual flow signal of abrasive Flow in the runner.
3. as claimed in claim 2ly flow precision machined TT﹠C system, it is characterized in that: be provided with the conditioning module that faint simulating signal is amplified, anti-aliasing filter forms suitable accessible simulating signal that each sensor is obtained between described sensor groups and the data acquisition module and be the A/D converter of monolithic function processing digital signal the analog signal conversion of conditioning module output towards solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive.
4. as claimed in claim 3ly flow precision machined TT﹠C system towards solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive, it is characterized in that: described data acquisition module comprises interference noise in the filtered signal, forms the digital filtering unit of purified signal, and purified signal is done scale transformation, formed the correction-compensation unit of the temperature drift of the scale transformation unit of correct proportions signal and compensation correct proportions signal;
Adopt digital low-pass filtering: Y (k)=(1-a) Y (k-1)+aX (k) for pressure signal and vibration signal
Wherein, a be one less than 1 constant:
A=T/ (T+RC), T is the sampling period, RC is a time constant;
Adopt first-order lag filtering, Y (k)=(1-Q) Y (K-1)+QX (K) for temperature signal
Wherein, filter factor: Q=T/ (T+ τ); T is the sampling period, and τ is the time constant of digital filter;
Adopt the moving average filter method for flow signal,
Y (K)=Q
1X (K)+Q
2X (K-1)+Q
3X (K-2); Q wherein
1+ Q
2+ Q
3=1, and Q
1＞Q
2＞Q
3
5. as claimed in claim 4ly flow precision machined TT﹠C system towards solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive, it is characterized in that: described analysis and processing module is for carrying out multiple dimensioned refinement, forming the wavelet packet analysis unit of argument sequence to the signal from data acquisition module.
6. as claimed in claim 4ly flow precision machined TT﹠C system towards solid-liquid two-phase soft abrasive, it is characterized in that: described analysis and processing module is for being converted to parameter signal by base-2 decimation in time fast fourier transform algorithms the fast Fourier transform analysis unit of argument sequence.
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| CN102528661A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-07-04 | 浙江工业大学 | Observation method for fluid precision finishing of surfaces of micro-structures of molds |
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| CN103846798A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-06-11 | 长春理工大学 | Variable caliber pipe abrasive flow ultra-precise polishing measurement and control system |
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| CN114241619A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-25 | 中环领先半导体材料有限公司 | Method for automatically calculating pressurization of polishing surface type correction center |
| CN114241619B (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2024-01-09 | 中环领先半导体材料有限公司 | Method for automatically calculating pressurization of polished surface type correction center |
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