CN102212710B

CN102212710B - Novel in-situ sub-micron multielement particle reinforced aluminum-base composite system and material

Info

Publication number: CN102212710B
Application number: CN 201110047196
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵玉涛; 董洪标; 张钊; 陈登斌; 张松利
Original assignee: JIANGSU C &E MATERIALS RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co Ltd; Jiangsu University
Current assignee: JIANGSU C &E MATERIALS RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co Ltd; Jiangsu University
Priority date: 2011-08-02
Filing date: 2011-08-02
Publication date: 2013-02-13
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-02
Also published as: CN102212710A

Abstract

The invention provides a novel in-situ sub-micron multielement particle reinforced aluminum-base composite system and material for big aircrafts, belonging to the technical field of preparation of metal-base composite materials. The method comprises the following steps: adding Zr/CeCO3/KBF4 mixed powder, which accounts for 5-15 wt% of aluminum liquid, into an aluminum alloy melt with 850-900 DEG C, and reacting to form an Al-Zr-CeCO3-KBF4 system. The growth of the particle phase in the reaction system can be effectively controlled, so that the dimension of the reinforcing phase is controlled on the sub-micron level; the synthesis temperature of the reaction system is 850-950 DEG C, thereby overcoming the defects of high growth tendency of particles, loss of control of particle dimension, and high reaction temperature in the particle reinforced aluminum-base composite material prepared by the traditional system; and the particles generated by reaction have the advantages of high strength, high hardness, high elastic modulus, easy control on shape and dimension of Al3Zr, ZrB2 and Al2O3 particles, and uniform distribution, is an ideal reinforced body, and is suitable to be used as a novel particle reinforced aluminum-base composite system and material for big aircrafts.

Description

A kind of Novel in-situ sub-micron multielement particle reinforced aluminum-base composite system and material

Technical field

The present invention relates to the preparing technical field of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, specially refer to new system and material that a kind of large aircraft is used original position submicron multicompentnt granular reinforced aluminum matrix composites.

Background technology

Current, the consumption of Large Civil Aircraft matrix material significantly improves, such as on the A380 passenger plane only the consumption of carbon-fibre composite reached about 32t, account for 15% of the total consumption of structure gross weight, the matrix material of adding other kinds can reach about 25% of structure gross weight, the application scale of matrix material on the A380 passenger plane, considerably beyond the level of B777, therefore composition of material is a kind of large trend, it also is the inevitable choice of large aircraft lightweight requirements, and particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material to have specific tenacity high, strengthen the body cost low, microtexture is more even, the material property isotropy, can adopt conventional machining process to carry out the advantages such as post forming, the matrix material of reaction in－situ synthetic technology (In-situ reactive synthesis) preparation particularly, because enhanced granule forming core from matrix is grown up, has Heat stability is good, particle is tiny, be evenly distributed, be combined the advantage such as good with matrix, remedied that to add the enhanced granule size large, a series of shortcomings such as interfacial bonding property is poor, thereby aspect the large aeroplane timber material huge application potential is being arranged.

The performance of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material enhancing body, pattern, size, distribution, interface are in conjunction with the performance important to matrix material, find by patent retrieval, its reaction system of patent that present existing melting-reaction method prepares the aluminum based composite material enhanced by granules in situ aspect mainly concentrates on Al-Ti-X system (X is O, C, B), these systems often temperature of reaction are very high, and wild phase pattern, size, distribution are wayward.For example the patent No. is that the Chinese patent of CN200810235979.5 has provided and utilizes K ₂TiF ₆, the KBF4 mixing salt prepared a kind of high-temperature resistant high-strength high-modulus aluminium matrix composite, although the enhancing body size that this method obtains is tiny, disperses inhomogeneously, easily becomes the formation of crack of material, Chinese patent CN200610150060.7 has provided and has utilized TiO ₂, B ₂O ₃Powder obtains a kind of automobile brake disc aluminum matrix composite at 1200 ~ 1800 ℃ of lower reaction 1-40min of vacuum environment, and this method not only needs vaccum-pumping equipment, and temperature of reaction is high, and the time is long, thereby energy consumption is high, is unfavorable for environmentally friendly material preparation.

Therefore, develop a kind of new reaction system, adopt direct reaction method, preparation multicompentnt granular reinforced aluminum matrix composites make the wild phase particle size be easy to be controlled at submicron-scale, and the temperature of reaction of this system is moderate, with the purpose that realizes that large aircraft is used.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to invent a kind of large aircraft with the new system of original position submicron multicompentnt granular reinforced aluminum matrix composites, strengthen large aircraft aluminum matrix composite with preparation high-performance, the controlled submicron multicompentnt granular of volume fraction.

A kind of large aircraft Al-Zr-CeCO of original position submicron multicompentnt granular reinforced aluminum matrix composites ₃-KBF ₄New system is characterized in that: in the aluminum or aluminum alloy melt between 850 ~ 900 ℃, add 5～15% Zr powder, CeCO that mass percent accounts for aluminium liquid ₃And KBF ₄Mixing powder react, thereby consist of Al-Zr-CeCO ₃-KBF ₄System.

Described Zr powder and KBF ₄1:1～2 add in molar ratio, described CeCO ₃Add-on calculate by mass percentage and be 1～2% of aluminium liquid.

This reaction system obtains submicron multicompentnt granular reinforced aluminum matrix composites by coagulation forming, and it is characterized in that: above-mentioned materials is by Al ₃Zr, ZrB ₂, Al ₂O ₃Multicompentnt granular and Al or Al alloy substrate consist of, and for multiple phase, the wild phase particle size that reaction generates is at 0.1 μ m ~ 0.5 μ m.

Wherein the multicompentnt granular volume fraction that accounts for this matrix material changes for the add-on along with the mixing powder that adds.

Novel original position synthetic system Al-Zr-CeCO of the present invention ₃-KBF ₄Have following advantage:

(1) temperature of building-up reactions is moderate.This system can be reacted between 850 ~ 900 ℃ usually, meets the energy-conservation requirement of material preparation, and reacting balance, is conducive to the large-scale industrial production of large aeroplane timber material;

(2) particle of reaction generation has high intensity, consistency and elasticity modulus, and Al ₃Zr, ZrB ₂, Al ₂O ₃Particle form, size are easily controlled, and are evenly distributed, and are desirable enhancing bodies;

(3) Al of reaction generation ₃Zr, ZrB ₂Effect with crystal grain thinning, such material need not to add in addition grain-refining agent in suitability for industrialized production, can shorten Production Flow Chart;

(4) interface is totally pollution-free between particle and the matrix, and without the interface reaction, interface bond strength is high;

(5) the reactant source is abundant, cheap, possesses the advantage of civil nature.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1. Al-Zr-CeCO ₃-KBF ₄The XRD figure of new system synthetic composite material;

Fig. 2. embodiment 1 obtains the SEM figure of matrix material;

Embodiment

The invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with embodiment:

Embodiment 1:

Utilize resistance furnace, temperature of aluminum liquid is heated to 850 ℃.The refining of aluminium liquid, leave standstill after, will account for Zr agent, the CeCO of aluminium liquid massfraction 5% ₃, KBF ₄Powder (purity of powder is the technical pure rank, mean particle size 80 μ m) mixing and stirring, wherein Zr powder and KBF ₄Press Zr, B mol ratio 1:2 and mix CeCO ₃The add-on that adds calculate by mass percentage and be 1% of aluminium liquid; then at 200 ℃ of lower preheating 2h; and adopt pneumatic conveying method to join in the molten aluminum melt with conduit and react; course of conveying adopts argon gas as shielding gas; adopt simultaneously graphite rod to carry out mechanical stirring, after 30min fully reacts, adopt nitrogen refining 8min; pour in the copper mold subsequently, thereby obtain (ZrB ₂+ Al ₂O ₃) submicron multicompentnt granular reinforced aluminum matrix composites.

Embodiment 2:

Utilize resistance furnace, temperature of aluminum liquid is heated to 870 ℃.The refining of aluminium liquid, leave standstill after, will account for Zr powder, the CeCO of aluminium liquid massfraction 10% ₃, KBF ₄Powder (purity of powder is the technical pure rank, mean particle size 80 μ m) mixing and stirring, wherein Zr powder and KBF ₄Press Zr, B mol ratio 1:1 and mix CeCO ₃The add-on that adds calculate by mass percentage and be 1% of aluminium liquid; then at 200 ℃ of lower preheating 2h; and adopt pneumatic conveying method to join in the molten aluminum melt with conduit and react; course of conveying adopts argon gas as shielding gas; adopt simultaneously graphite rod to carry out mechanical stirring, after 30min fully reacts, adopt nitrogen refining 8min; pour in the copper mold subsequently, thereby obtain (Al ₃Zr+ZrB ₂+ Al ₂O ₃) submicron multicompentnt granular reinforced aluminum matrix composites.

Embodiment 3:

Utilize resistance furnace, 7055 aluminum alloy melt temperature are heated to 850 ℃.The refining of aluminium liquid, leave standstill after, will account for Zr powder, the CeCO of aluminum alloy melt massfraction 15% ₃, KBF ₄Powder (purity of powder is the technical pure rank, mean particle size 80 μ m) mixing and stirring, wherein Zr powder and KBF ₄Press Zr, B mol ratio 1:1 and mix CeCO ₃The add-on that adds calculate by mass percentage and be 2% of aluminium liquid; then at 200 ℃ of lower preheating 2h; and adopt pneumatic conveying method to join in the molten aluminum melt with conduit and react; course of conveying adopts argon gas as shielding gas; adopt simultaneously graphite rod to carry out mechanical stirring, after 30min fully reacts, adopt nitrogen refining 8min; pour in the copper mold subsequently, thereby obtain (Al ₃Zr+ZrB ₂+ Al ₂O ₃) the submicron multicompentnt granular strengthens 7055 Al-alloy based matrix materials.

The matrix material that above-mentioned three embodiment form and performance index such as the table 1 of matrix thereof.

The performance index of table 1 particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material and matrix (T6 attitude)

Claims

1. the Al-Zr-CeCO of an original position submicron multicompentnt granular reinforced aluminum matrix composites ₃-KBF ₄System is characterized in that: in the aluminum or aluminum alloy melt between 850 ~ 900 ℃, add 5～15% Zr powder, CeCO that mass percent accounts for the aluminum or aluminum alloy melt ₃And KBF ₄Mixing powder react, thereby consist of Al-Zr-CeCO ₃-KBF ₄System.

2. the Al-Zr-CeCO of a kind of original position submicron multicompentnt granular reinforced aluminum matrix composites as claimed in claim 1 ₃-KBF ₄System is characterized in that: Zr powder and KBF ₄1:1～2 add in molar ratio, described CeCO ₃Add-on calculate by mass percentage and be 1～2% of aluminum or aluminum alloy melt.