CN102206769A - Iridium alloy material and application thereof - Google Patents
Iridium alloy material and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102206769A CN102206769A CN 201110089342 CN201110089342A CN102206769A CN 102206769 A CN102206769 A CN 102206769A CN 201110089342 CN201110089342 CN 201110089342 CN 201110089342 A CN201110089342 A CN 201110089342A CN 102206769 A CN102206769 A CN 102206769A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an alloy material, in particular to an iridium alloy material and application thereof. In order to solve the technical problem of high cost of the conventional iridium alloy, the invention provides a novel iridium alloy material which is suitable for industrialization, resists high temperature and high-temperature oxidation loss, and has excellent cost performance. The iridium alloy material has the following basic components: 45.0 to 84.0 weight percent of Ir, 1.0 to 10.0 weight percent of Al, 5.0 to 15.0 weight percent of X and 10.0 to 35.0 weight percent of R, wherein X is one of Re, W, Ta, Nb, Ti and Zr, and R is one of Cr, Fe, Ni and Co. The iridium alloy material is mainly applied to ignition parts in the field of ignition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to alloy material, be specifically related to a kind of iridium alloy material and application thereof.
Background technology
Iridium belongs to platinum group, is widely used at aspects such as automobile catalyst, industrial galvanized electrode, single crystal growing crucible, thermopair, rocket engine part, glass manufacturing and sparking plug.Iridium has advantages such as high-melting-point, high strength, high conductivity and erosion resistance are strong, and iridium alloy can improve ignition characteristic, fuel economy, the work-ing life of engine and reduce emission of harmful substances as sparking-plug electrode, is ideal sparking-plug electrode material.
Yet still there are some problems in iridium.With respect to the research that platinum alloy carried out: to performance impact etc., people also do not know the metallurgy of iridium as alloying.Therefore iridium be the metal material processing difficulty of main composition with iridium because fusing point is high and its mechanical property is very sensitive to some micro impurity element; Iridium is used for sparking-plug electrode and also exists under the high temperature because of oxidation loss makes discharging gap and increase, and the iridium brittle failure that causes crystal grain to grow up fast and produce because of welding temperature is too high when electrode welds; At last, because natural rare, iridium is a level with the price of platinum almost, and it is the highest metal of all elements the inside density.
Therefore, need usually to develop new iridium alloy high temperature material, change its high-temperature behavior and ductility, improve the cost performance of material by adding suitable unit.People's such as Osamura No.6, the UK Patent Application GB 202,302,367 of 094,000 United States Patent (USP) and announcement discloses a kind of iridium one rhodium alloy, and rhodium content is 1-60wt%.At No.5, in 998,913 United States Patent (USP)s, Matsutani discloses a kind of iridium one rhodium, one rhenium or ruthenium alloy, and to reduce the content of rhodium in the alloy, by adding content to reaching 17wt% rhenium or nail, rhodium content can drop to only 0.1wt%.
Japan 10259435 A patent disclosures a kind of high temperature resistant iridium alloy, this alloy is based on iridium, added 0.1 to 50wt% a kind of or other minor element.Pt, Pd, Rh, Ni, Ta, Ha, Ti, Zr, Y and La are proposed as second element mutually, and as in these wherein given examples only one, one of the content that the above-mentioned second phase element adds all is no more than 1wt%.
European Union's 0866530 patent disclosure a kind of ternary and quaternary iridium alloy, Rh and a kind of among Re or the Ru are at least wherein arranged.Re or Ru are in lower aq, and both add separately or add simultaneously.It should be noted that with respect to pure iridium, under the condition of 1100 ℃ of insulations in .30 hour, reduced the oxidational losses of alloy.If have only two of Re and Ru to add in the iridium then the effect that produces is very little even do not have, by contrast, the existence of Rh is of great use.
Above-mentioned materials has obtained some successes by the physical and mechanical property that alloying improves iridium, but material cost is higher, compares with platinum alloy sparking plug material, and difficulty is given the embodiment price advantage.This is still had the leeway of further improving.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome existing iridium alloy shortcoming with high costs, and a kind of commercial application, high temperature resistant, resistance to high temperature oxidation loss, novel iridium alloy material that cost performance is superior of being suitable for is provided.
The present invention addresses the above problem the technical scheme that is adopted: a kind of iridium alloy material, the basal component of described iridium alloy material are the X of Al, 5.0～15.0wt% of the Ir, the 1.0～10.0wt% that contain 45.0～84.0wt% and the R of 10.0～35.0wt%; Wherein, described X is a kind of among Re, W, Ta, Nb, Ti, the Zr, and described R is a kind of among Cr, Fe, Ni, the Co.
Further, iridium alloy material of the present invention, the trace rare-earth element that also can contain 0.05～0.5wt%, described trace rare-earth element are one or more the mixture among La, Nd, Pr, Y, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, the Ce.
As preferred version, the basal component of described iridium alloy material is Ir, Ta, Ni and Al; Further, the content of Al in described iridium alloy material is preferably 1.0～5.0wt%.
As preferred version, the basal component of described iridium alloy material is Ir, Re, Ni and Al, and further, the content of Al in described iridium alloy material is 1.5～5.0wt%.
As preferred version, the basal component of described iridium alloy material is Ir, W, Co and Al, and further, the content of Al in described iridium alloy material is 1.5～2.0wt%.
As preferred version, the basal component Ir of described iridium alloy material, Nb, Ni and Al, further, the content of Al in described iridium alloy material is 1.0～2.0wt%.
As preferred version, the basal component Ir of described iridium alloy material, Re, Cr and Al, further, the content of Al in described iridium alloy material is 1.5～3.0wt%.
The present invention also provides a kind of sparking plug for internal combustion engine that uses above-mentioned iridium alloy material, described sparking plug for internal combustion engine comprises central electrode and at least one lateral electrode, the firing tip of central electrode and/or lateral electrode is made by described iridium alloy material, perhaps the described iridium alloy material of the firing tip of sparking plug for internal combustion engine central electrode and/or lateral electrode surface spraying.
The present invention also provides other application of described iridium alloy material, that is, the crucible, welding electrode, thermoelectricity that described iridium alloy material is applied to be used for crystal growth be rocket motor injector occasionally; Perhaps, described iridium alloy material is applied to chemical preparations field or glass manufacturing area.
Compared with prior art, in high-temperature oxidation test, the oxidation loss rate of iridium alloy material of the present invention has sizable improvement.
The present invention is to be on the basis at binary iridium alloys such as Ir-W, Ir-Re, Ir-Ta, utilize the hot strength of Re, W, Ta, Nb, Ti, Zr, add growing up of Cr, Fe, Ni, Co prevention crystal grain on this basis, the speed of growth of crystal grain under the high temperature is reduced, like this fragility that as pure iridium, produces when having avoided the alloy high-temp welding because of grain growth.Al in alloy can generate aluminum oxide (AlO
2/ Al
2O
3), forming the resistance to oxidation tunicle at alloy surface, the fine and close protective membrane of this layer suppressed the voloxidation of Ir.Be certain or several mixtures among 0.05～0.5wt% trace rare-earth element La, Nd, Pr, Y, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, the Ce as the preferred total content that adds simultaneously in addition, the arcing position is subjected to the spark effect and the fusion spark loss of dispersing gradually in the time of can further reducing plug ignition.
Iridium alloy material of the present invention can be prepared into line, pipe, sheet, monocrystalline, powder or other common shapes, and these alloys also can be applicable to spraying.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the iridium alloy of embodiment 2 is welding back and pure iridium and both welded section optical electron microscope comparison diagrams of nickel welding back with nickel.
Fig. 2 is the comparison diagram of the cross-sectional scans Electronic Speculum figure of the iridium alloy of embodiment 5 and pure iridium sheet.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described by the following examples, so that understand the present invention better, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in these embodiment.
By the iridium alloy material among each embodiment of arc melting preparation under the argon shield, the basal component of embodiment 1-5 iridium alloy material is as shown in table 1, and surplus is an iridium.
Embodiment 1-5
The composition (wt.%) of table 1 embodiment 1-5 iridium alloy material
(1) wire stretching test
With iridium alloy material hot-drawn to the diameter of embodiment 1 is 0.5mm, and drift slide length 69mm, draw speed are 10mm/minute.When drawing force 425N, the iridium alloy material of pure iridium and embodiment 1 all ruptures, but under this drawing force, the deformation of pure iridium is 15.8mm, and the deformation of embodiment 1 iridium alloy is 31.4mm.Result's demonstration,, added the very significant alloy at room temperature mechanical property that improved of Ta, Ni, Al, although final tensile strength only obtains a small amount of raising, unit elongation has increased by 87.5% with respect to pure iridium.
Sparking plug in the present embodiment, the firing tip of its central electrode and lateral electrode are the above-mentioned alloy materials in the present embodiment.
(2) high-temperature oxidation test
The iridium alloy material of embodiment 1-5, pure Ir hot-drawn are allocated to Φ 1.0mm, in tube furnace, feed object gas: oxygen (oxygen-supply quantity is 0.2L/min), carrying gas: nitrogen (logical nitrogen amount is 0.35L/min), 1000 ℃ of controlled temperature, be incubated and carry out the oxidation weight loss experimental study after 200 hours, the result is as shown in table 2.The rate of oxidation of all alloys is compared with pure Ir all significant reduction, and the weight loss of the iridium alloy of embodiment 5 is approximately also little than the loss of pure iridium 1/6.
Sparking plug in the present embodiment, the firing tip of its central electrode and lateral electrode are the above-mentioned alloy materials in the present embodiment.
The iridium alloy material of table 2 embodiment 1-5 and the oxidation ratio of pure iridium under 1000 ℃
(3) electrode weldability contrast
Iridium alloy material and the pure iridium wire material of embodiment 2 all are pulled to Φ 0.5mm, cut off the cylindrical particles of back formation Φ 0.5 * 1.2, carry out welding under the identical parameters with Ni-based electrode base respectively then, at first carry out resistance welding, carry out boxing with laser around the iridium alloy of iridium and embodiment 2 again, the welded section optical electron microscope contrast of electrode vertical section as shown in Figure 1.Fig. 1 is that the iridium alloy of embodiment 2 is welding back and pure iridium and both welded section optical electron microscope comparison diagrams of nickel welding back with nickel.Wherein Figure 1A is that iridium alloy is welding back welded section optical electron microscope figure with nickel, and Figure 1B is pure iridium and nickel welding back welded section optical electron microscope figure.As seen from the figure, iridium alloy material of the present invention and Ni-based electrode base have fusion preferably, belong to metallurgical binding, and iridium and Ni-based electrode base do not form metallurgical binding, and just two kinds of materials simply coat.
Sparking plug in the present embodiment, the firing tip of its central electrode are the above-mentioned silk material alloys in the present embodiment.
(4) timeliness strength trial
Adopt flat rolling to become the sheet material of 0.5 mm thick the iridium alloy material of embodiment 1-5, pure Ir, cold deformation rate 〉=80%, 5 kinds of iridium alloys are through 1000 ℃ of timeliness 200h then, and at 760 ℃ of timeliness 2h again, measure tensile strength then, five kinds of alloys are up to 875MPa all above the intensity of pure iridium timeliness state as a result, and pure iridium is 250MPa, illustrates that above-mentioned iridium alloy has stronger thermotolerance.The reason of timeliness intensity can be summed up as, and the crystal boundary that produces when timeliness makes and returns does not again have separates out band and narrow down or disappears, makes the grain-boundary strength raising; Meanwhile, intracrystalline still keeps and obtains the structural state and the higher precipitation strength effect of disperse more.
Sparking plug in the present embodiment, the firing tip of its lateral electrode are the above-mentioned silk material alloys in the present embodiment.
(5) workability
Adopt plain-barreled roll to carry out hot rolling under 1573 ℃～1673 ℃ temperature, the iridium alloy of iridium and embodiment 5 is rolled into the sheet material of 0.5 mm thick, the result as shown in Figure 2.Fig. 2 is the comparison diagram of the cross-sectional scans Electronic Speculum figure of the iridium alloy of embodiment 5 and pure iridium sheet, and wherein Fig. 2 A is the cross-sectional scans Electronic Speculum figure of pure iridium sheet, and Fig. 2 B is the cross-sectional scans Electronic Speculum figure of the iridium alloy of embodiment 5.Comparative example 5 the iridium alloy and the microstructure of iridium, but find the broken shape of being organized into of iridium, though and the iridium alloy of embodiment 5 has fine cracks, but still present higher workability.
Sparking plug in the present embodiment, the firing tip of its lateral electrode are the above-mentioned silk material alloys in the present embodiment.
Embodiment 6-10
By the iridium alloy material among each embodiment of arc melting preparation under the argon shield, the basal component of embodiment 6-10 iridium alloy material is as shown in table 3, and surplus is an iridium.
The composition (wt.%) of table 3 embodiment 6-10 iridium alloy material
Embodiment 11-55
By the iridium alloy material among each embodiment of arc melting preparation under the argon shield, the basal component of embodiment 11-15 iridium alloy material is as shown in table 4, and surplus is an iridium.
The composition (wt.%) of table 4 embodiment 11-15 iridium alloy material
After testing, add trace rare-earth element after, the arcing position is subjected to the spark effect and the fusion spark loss of dispersing gradually in the time of can further reducing plug ignition.
The foregoing description is a preferred implementation of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an iridium alloy material is characterized in that, described iridium alloy material contains the X of Al, 5.0～15.0wt% of Ir, 1.0～10.0wt% of 45.0～84.0wt% and the R of 10.0～35.0wt%; Wherein, described X is a kind of among Re, W, Ta, Nb, Ti, the Zr, and described R is a kind of among Cr, Fe, Ni, the Co.
2. iridium alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the trace rare-earth element that also contains 0.05～0.5wt% in the described iridium alloy material, described trace rare-earth element are one or more the mixture among La, Nd, Pr, Y, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, the Ce.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described iridium alloy materials, it is characterized in that the basal component of described iridium alloy material is Ir, Ta, Ni and Al, Al is 1.0～5.0wt% at the content of described iridium alloy material.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 described iridium alloy materials, it is characterized in that the basal component of described iridium alloy material is Ir, Re, Ni and Al, the content of Al in described iridium alloy material is 1.5～5.0wt%.
5. according to claim 1 or 2 described iridium alloy materials, it is characterized in that the basal component of described iridium alloy material is Ir, W, Co and Al, the content of Al in described iridium alloy material is 1.5～2.0wt%.
6. according to claim 1 or 2 described iridium alloy materials, it is characterized in that, the basal component Ir of described iridium alloy material, Nb, Ni and Al, the content of Al in described iridium alloy material is 1.0～2.0wt%.
7. according to claim 1 or 2 described iridium alloy materials, it is characterized in that, the basal component Ir of described iridium alloy material, Re, Cr and Al, the content of Al in described iridium alloy material is 1.5～3.0wt%.
8. sparking plug for internal combustion engine that uses any described iridium alloy material of claim of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, described sparking plug for internal combustion engine comprises central electrode and at least one lateral electrode, the firing tip of central electrode and/or lateral electrode is made by described iridium alloy material, perhaps the described iridium alloy material of the firing tip of sparking plug for internal combustion engine central electrode and/or lateral electrode surface spraying.
9. the application of any described iridium alloy material of claim of claim 1 to 7 is characterized in that, the crucible, welding electrode, thermoelectricity that described iridium alloy material is applied to be used for crystal growth be rocket motor injector occasionally.
10. the application of any described iridium alloy material of claim of claim 1 to 7 is characterized in that, described iridium alloy material is applied to chemical preparations field or glass manufacturing area.
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| CN 201110089342 CN102206769A (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2011-04-11 | Iridium alloy material and application thereof |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013091834A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2013-05-16 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | Material for spark plug electrode |
| CN103633562A (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2014-03-12 | 株式会社电装 | Spark plug for internal combustion engine |
| CN103746293A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-23 | 柳州正菱集团有限公司 | Spark plug |
| CN106164307A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2016-11-23 | 田中贵金属工业株式会社 | NiIr based heat resistant alloy and manufacture method thereof |
| CN107623252A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-23 | 日本特殊陶业株式会社 | Spark plug |
| CN107779719A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-03-09 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of iridium dilval and preparation method and application |
| CN107937801A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-20 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of iridium ferroalloy and preparation method and application |
| CN107988510A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-04 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of iridium resisto and preparation method and application |
| CN107988509A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-04 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of iridium cobalt alloy, preparation method and application |
| CN111512508A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2020-08-07 | 株式会社电装 | Electrode for spark plug and spark plug |
| CN112553487A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-26 | 昆明富尔诺林科技发展有限公司 | Iridium-nickel alloy spark plug center electrode material with good high-temperature durable ablation performance and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101550499A (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2009-10-07 | 昆明富尔诺林科技发展有限公司 | Electrode materials of composite rare-earth iridium alloy and sparking plug of using the electrode materials |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013091834A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2013-05-16 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | Material for spark plug electrode |
| CN103633562A (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2014-03-12 | 株式会社电装 | Spark plug for internal combustion engine |
| CN103633562B (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2016-03-16 | 株式会社电装 | The spark plug of internal combustion engine |
| DE102013216349B4 (en) | 2012-08-20 | 2024-04-11 | Denso Corporation | Spark plug for an internal combustion engine |
| CN103746293A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-23 | 柳州正菱集团有限公司 | Spark plug |
| CN106164307A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2016-11-23 | 田中贵金属工业株式会社 | NiIr based heat resistant alloy and manufacture method thereof |
| CN107623252B (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2020-01-03 | 日本特殊陶业株式会社 | Spark plug |
| CN107623252A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-23 | 日本特殊陶业株式会社 | Spark plug |
| CN107779719A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-03-09 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of iridium dilval and preparation method and application |
| CN107988509A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-04 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of iridium cobalt alloy, preparation method and application |
| CN107988510A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-04 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of iridium resisto and preparation method and application |
| CN107937801A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-20 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of iridium ferroalloy and preparation method and application |
| CN111512508A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2020-08-07 | 株式会社电装 | Electrode for spark plug and spark plug |
| CN112553487A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-26 | 昆明富尔诺林科技发展有限公司 | Iridium-nickel alloy spark plug center electrode material with good high-temperature durable ablation performance and preparation method thereof |
| CN112553487B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-11-26 | 昆明富尔诺林科技发展有限公司 | Iridium-nickel alloy spark plug center electrode material with good high-temperature durable ablation performance and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20111005 |