CN102206301A - Preparation method of rapid dissolved cationic polyacrylamide emulsion of water in oil type - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a rapid dissolved cationic polyacrylamide emulsion of water in oil type. An oil-soluble emulsifier and a water-soluble emulsifier are prepared in an oil phase and a water phase respectively, and are mixed together to obtain a water in oil emulsion; the water in oil emulsion is heated to 0-100 DEG C and added with initiator to initiate a polymerization, so as to obtain a cationic polymer emulsion of water in oil type. The water in oil emulsion includes at least a water-soluble polymer emulsifier or a water-soluble cationic emulsifier.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of water-in-oil-type polymer emulsion, in particular, relate to a kind of can be in water the preparation method of rapidly-soluble water-in-oil-type cation polyacrylamide emulsion.Utilize the cationic polymer emulsion of this method preparation, can in water, realize phase reversion fast and be dissolved in the water.
Background technology:
Water-soluble polymers, especially the acrylic amide water-soluble polymers has been widely used in the solid-liquid separation flocculation agent, and is many technological processs of core mechanism with the flocculation.At present, in the world water treatment industry with flocculation agent, tertiary oil production in oil field with oil-displacing agent and paper industry with all consuming a large amount of water soluble propene's acid amides polymerization products every year such as retention filtration adjuvant, so far the demand to acrylamide copolymer is still continuing, is increasing sharply, and makes this series products possess vast market for a long time.
The polyacrylamide series products mainly contains four kinds of forms in the market: the aqueous solution, aqueous dispersions product, water in oil emulsion liquid product and solid phase prod.Because the polyacrylamide molecular weight product is usually more than 1,000,000 orders of magnitude, its aqueous solution often has very high viscosity, so its aqueous solution or aqueous dispersions product are difficult to use, and seldom be used as flocculation agent or oil-displacing agent with high molecular, high effective content form.Solid polypropylene acid amides product is a kind of product form of consumption maximum in the market, this series products is generally by pulverizing after the solution polymerization or adopting the inverse suspension polymerization process to make, the reaction monomers effective content is generally 25～35 weight % during polymerization, and molecular weight of product is higher.But solid phase prod needs to remove large quantity of moisture in preparation process, and energy consumption is very high, and in use has the problem of dissolving difficulty.Water-in-oil emulsion (reversed-phase emulsion) product is a series products that establishes one's own system, shows unique characteristics, the reaction monomers effective content can reach more than the 40 weight % in the preparation process, wherein aqueous phase reaction monomers concentration can reach 60 weight %, can make the ultra-high molecular weight product simultaneously, and effect is good.Can dissolve fast by the phase reversion effect in the use of water in oil emulsion liquid product, improve the handiness in the application process greatly.Compare with solid phase prod, still there is the higher deficiency of preparation cost in the water in oil emulsion liquid product, but its high comprehensive performance has high cost performance in a lot of application scenarios.
In the application process, the water in oil emulsion liquid product, particularly polyacrylamide flocculation not only will have higher effective product content, higher molecular weight of product with the water in oil emulsion liquid product, but also to have secular shelf-stable performance and quick dissolving power, be not a nothing the matter and satisfy above-mentioned application requiring simultaneously.
Utilize the characteristics of water-in-oil emulsion system polymeric own, acquisition can be satisfied the product that different application requires, has higher molecular weight easily.Obtain higher effective product content, the stability when keeping product preparation and storage simultaneously just requires the emulsifying agent of water-in-oil emulsion system and oil-phase medium to have matched well.The lipophilic emulsifying agent that generally has lower HLB value (HLB VALUE OF SURFACTANTS) can make water stable by sterically hindered effect, thereby avoids in the emulsion water and oil phase layering and cause whole system to become viscoloid.Chinese patent CN1709561A utilizes the hydrophilic emulsifying agent of higher HLB value also can obtain to have the water-in-oil emulsion of quite stable, and the gained product emulsion has very fast dissolution rate in water simultaneously.
In fact, effective product preferably can directly dissolve in water, dilute during the water-in-oil emulsion product application.Too stable water-in-oil emulsion is with after water mixes, and high molecular polymer is difficult to stripping from the water drop, need water-soluble polymers be separated from emulsion by settlement action, causes waste unnecessary in the production.For solving the solubility problem of stablizing water-in-oil emulsion, Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd discloses in Chinese patent CN1052869A and a kind ofly can carry out phase reversion fast and realize the rapidly-soluble method for preparing polymer emulsion of product thus in water, this method has been used a kind of phosphoric acid ester macromolecule emulsifier with polyoxyethylene segment, and the water in oil emulsion liquid product can be dissolved rapidly in water.Yet related phosphoric acid esters wedding agents only has better effects when the preparation cationic polymer emulsion.In addition, contain this type of phosphorous emulsifying agent in the product emulsion, life-time service can cause the environmental issue of aqueous systems eutrophication.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to solve stability and the solubility problem relevant with above-mentioned technology, preparation take into account permanent stability and fast dissolving power, have higher effective product content and a high-molecular weight water in oil emulsion liquid product simultaneously.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of water-in-oil-type cation polyacrylamide emulsion.By effectively being used in combination multiple small-molecular emulsifier and macromolecule emulsifier, provide enough sterically hindered work in order to guarantee the stability of water-in-oil emulsion; Simultaneously can when emulsion is dissolved, provide enough phase reversion power again, make emulsion have quick dissolution characteristics, thereby make good stability, the fast water-in-oil-type polymer emulsion of dissolution rate.
Main technical schemes of the present invention is as follows: oil-soluble emulsifier is dissolved in the oil, is mixed with oil phase.Water-soluble polymer emulsifying agent, water-soluble cationic emulsifying agent, acrylamide, water-soluble cationic monomer, metal ion capturing agent and deionized water together are mixed with water, and regulating aqueous pH values with acid or alkaline solution is 4～6.Under lasting stirring state, water is added in the oil phase gradually, and the lasting certain hour that stirs forms stable water-in-oil emulsion.After the logical nitrogen deoxygenation,, add the polymerization of initiator trigger monomer, obtain the water-in-oil-type cation polyacrylamide emulsion water-in-oil emulsion temperature control to 0～100 ℃.
Stability that two important indicators of water-in-oil emulsion are emulsions and the dissolution rate of emulsion in water.In the present invention, water miscible macromolecule emulsifier and water-soluble cationic emulsifying agent have been used at aqueous phase.Oleophilic moiety in water-soluble polymer emulsifying agent and the water-soluble cationic emulsifying agent can permeate mutually with oil-soluble emulsifier and the external phase oil phase in the oil phase in the process of preparation emulsion, and utilizes the sterically hindered effect of its oleophilic moiety to realize the stable of emulsion on the emulsion particle surface.Emulsion is in water dissolved the time, water miscible macromolecule emulsifier and water miscible cationic emulsifier then form emulsion layer in oil droplets easily, assist to realize from the quick counter-rotating of water-in-oil emulsion to emulsion oil-in-water, discharge the cationic polyacrylamide of aqueous phase, realize the dissolving of polymkeric substance.
Oil used in the present invention comprises liquid aliphatic hydro carbons, arene or replaces hydro carbons, can be selected from toluene, dimethylbenzene, hexanaphthene, heptane, halogenated alkane, isomery paraffin, white oil; Consider safety factors and oil phase evaporable problem in the production process, the preferred use has the fat hydrocarbon that boiling point is higher than 150 ℃, contains 12～18 carbon atoms, as n-Hexadecane, whiteruss, high-boiling point kerosene or mineral oil.The ratio of oil phase and water can be 2: 1～1: 3.
Oil-soluble emulsifier used in the present invention is the known emulsifying agents of these those skilled in the art, as Span series (sorbitan fatty acid ester), Tween series (polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester), the serial nonionic emulsifying agent of OP series (polyethenoxy alkylphenols), emulsifying agent can use separately, also can be used, preferably composite and to regulate HLB value be 3～10 with acquisition best stabilized effect by two or more emulsifying agent.
The consumption of oil-soluble emulsifier used herein is 3～15 weight % of oil phase total amount.
Water-soluble polymer emulsifying agent used in the present invention is selected from one or more in polyvinyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene glycol, the vinyl pyrrolidone polymer
Polyvinyl alcohol molecular weight described in the present invention is 5000～150000, and preferred molecular weight is 10000～50000; The degree of hydrolysis of polyvinyl alcohol is 75～100%, and the selective hydrolysis degree is 78～92%.
Molecular weight polyethylene glycol described in the present invention is 200～50000, and preferred molecular weight is 6000～20000.
Water-soluble polymer emulsifying agent consumption described in the present invention is 0.1～1.5 weight % of water-in-oil emulsion total amount, and preferable amount is 0.2～0.5 weight % of emulsion total amount.
Water-soluble cationic emulsifying agent used in the present invention is the quaternary emulsifying agent, as Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide and heptadecane dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride.
Water-soluble cationic emulsifying agent consumption used in the present invention is not more than 1.5 weight % of water weight, and preferable amount is the 0.3 weight % that is not more than water weight.
Water-soluble cationic monomer used in the present invention comprises following five classes:
(1) (methyl) acrylate derivative, its structure is:
Wherein: R
1Be H or CH
3
R
2Be C
2～C
4Direct-connected alkyl
R
3Be CH
3Or C
2H
5
(2) (methyl) acrylamide derivative, general structure is:
Wherein: R
1Be H or CH
3
R
2Be C
2～C
4Direct-connected alkyl
R
3Be CH
3Or C
2H
5
Perhaps be
Wherein: R
1Be H or CH
3
R
2And R
3Be C
1～C
6Alkyl, R
2With R
3Can be the same or different;
(3) N, the disubstituted poly (dially dialkyl) base of N ammonium halide, it is disubstituted can be C
1～C
20Alkyl or aryl, two substituting groups can be the same or different;
(4) N-vinyl imidazole or N-vinyl imidazole quinoline;
(5) polymeric amide polyamines-epoxy chloropropane (PAE), polymine (PEI);
Described monomer through cationization, carries out polymerization earlier again when polymerization; Cationization can also can use methyl-sulfate, ethyl sulfate, methyl chloride, monochloroethane or benzyl chloride quaternized with mineral acid or organic acid neutralization, uses with the form of quaternary ammonium salt.
The dimethylaminomethyl of above-mentioned monomer preferred cationicization (methyl) acrylate, dimethyl aminoethyl (methyl) acrylate, diethylamino ethyl (methyl) acrylate, diethylamino propyl group (methyl) acrylate, dimethyl aminoethyl (methyl) acrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl (methyl) acrylamide, or diallyldimethylammonium chloride, can be that a kind of cationic monomer uses separately, also can be that several monomers use jointly.
Monomer weight is 10～50 weight % of emulsion weight among the present invention, and the ratio of non-ionic monomer and cationic monomer is 99: 1～0: 100, and the ion degree of the visual product of ratio of non-ionic monomer and cationic monomer requires and adjusts.
Metal ion capturing agent used in the present invention is a sequestrant well-known to those skilled in the art, as disodium EDTA (EDTA) and diethylene triaminepentaacetic acid(DTPA) (DTPA).
Metal ion capturing agent consumption used in the present invention is 0.001～0.1% of a water weight.
Polymerization starter used in the present invention is the free radical type initiator, and suitable polymerization starter is well-known to those skilled in the art.It can be thermal initiator (comprising azo-initiator, peroxide), as water miscible azo di-isopropyl imidazoline salt hydrochlorate (AIBI), azo-bis-isobutyrate hydrochloride (AIBA), ammonium persulphate (APS) or Potassium Persulphate (KPS); Oil-soluble Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (AIBN) or 2,2'-Azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) (ABVN) also can be used redox initiator, as the lower valency metal-salt of the peroxy acid salt of the peroxide that uses oxidisability such as hydroperoxide kind, basic metal or ammonium and reductibility [as copper (I); Manganese (II); Iron (II)] or sulphite etc., also can use light trigger or directly utilize radiation to cause.
Initiator amount used in the present invention is counted 0.001～2 weight % according to the monomer total amount, preferred 0.01～1 weight %.
Polymerization temperature used in the present invention is 0～100 ℃, and polymeric reaction temperature is decided according to choosing of initiator: when using redox initiator, because redox initiation system activation energy is lower, get final product initiated polymerization usually under 0～35 ℃ of condition; When using thermolysis type initiator, adopt different polymerization temperatures according to the decomposition temperature of initiator, normally used polymeric reaction temperature is 30～100 ℃, is as the criterion with the temperature of initiator half life of decomposition about 10 hours.
Use the cation polyacrylamide emulsion of the inventive method preparation, can be used for the purposes of following aspect: in water treatment, be used as flocculation agent, condensing agent, oil-water separating agent and discoloring agent; Be used for paper retention and filter aid, paper sizing agent, paper Dry Strength Resin; Other are as additive of water body thickening material, water body flow improver, soil redeposition, tackiness agent, dispersion agent, washing agent and medicine and makeup etc.During application, obtained water-soluble polymers emulsion is diluted with water to the low concentration aqueous solution as required uses.
Technique effect:
The present invention utilizes water-in-oil-type inverse emulsion polymerization system, preparation has high product effective content, extended storage stability and quick deliquescent high molecular weight water soluble polymer emulsion, obtain following unusual effect: 1, select suitable oil-soluble emulsifier compound system, obtain the stable water-in-oil emulsion of storge quality, emulsion is not stratified through centrifugal 30 minutes of 2000rpm, and normal temperature is placed 3 months no changes; 2, utilize interpolation water-soluble cationic emulsifying agent and macromolecular water-soluble emulsifying agent, accelerate water-in-oil emulsion phase reversion process in water, improve the product dissolving speed, product with the dissolving of 0.5 weight % concentration, can dissolve within 10 minutes fully in deionized water; 3, select suitable oil phase and emulsifying agent, the water-in-oil emulsion water oil ratio can reach 1: 3, and the polymkeric substance effective content can reach 45%, and high water oil ratio can reduce the organic hydrocarbon consumption, is beneficial to environmental protection, and high simultaneously effectively product content can be enhanced product performance, be reduced production costs.4, the molecular weight of polymkeric substance can have extraordinary flocculating effect up to 1,000 ten thousand in the gained water-soluble polymers emulsion of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below by embodiment, but protection of the present invention is not limited to cited embodiment.Also should be included in and not depart under the scope of the invention condition, disclosed method is carried out the conspicuous various changes of those skilled in the art.
The mensuration of polymericular weight among the embodiment: press nonionic acrylamide molecular weight method and measure, measuring method carries out according to standard GB/T 12005.10-92, and cationic polyacrylamide product performance viscosity number was measured according to standard GB 12005-89 method during molecular weight calculated.
Determination of solution viscosity: with the aqueous solution of product 0.5 weight % under 20 degrees centigrade, the viscosity data note that determines with No. 2 rotors of Brookfield viscosity apparatus.
Embodiment 1
With the 81.07g acrylamide, 101.34g acrylyl oxy-ethyl-trimethyl salmiac (the 80 weight % aqueous solution), 1.5g diethylene triaminepentaacetic acid(DTPA) (DTPA) (the 2 weight % aqueous solution), 0.4g Sodium Persulfate, 1.2g the polymerization degree is about 1700, the polyvinyl alcohol of degree of hydrolysis 88%, 0.4g Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 79.07g deionized water intermingling fully dissolve and are mixed with water.With 7.944gSpan-80 and 2.056gTween-80 emulsifiers dissolve in the 105.55g10# white mineral oil, fully stirring is dissolved Span-80 and Tween-80 fully and is made oil phase in white mineral oil, then when stirring, join the above-mentioned water for preparing in the oil phase gradually, keep stirring and emulsifying 1 hour at 35 ℃, obtain stable white emulsion.Logical nitrogen replacement added 0.4g Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine (being dissolved in the 3g white mineral oil) in the emulsion after 30 minutes, and monomer begins polymerization, and system temperature raises gradually.The control bath temperature makes temperature of charge be no more than 70 ℃, react after 4 hours, and temperature of charge is increased to 80 ℃ and kept 1 hour, obtains the white water-in-oil emulsion of stablizing after the cooling.Emulsion is not seen layering with centrifugal 30min in the 2000rpm whizzer.With the mixed solution precipitation of water in oil emulsion liquid product, take out polymer precipitation and be about 9,400,000 with the viscosimetry determining molecular weight with methyl alcohol and acetone.Get water-in-oil emulsion 1g, add in the 200g deionized water, stirred 10 minutes soltion viscosity 680mPa.s with the 300rpm rotating speed.
The comparative example 1
With the 81.07g acrylamide, 101.34g acrylyl oxy-ethyl-trimethyl salmiac (the 80 weight % aqueous solution), 1.5g diethylene triaminepentaacetic acid(DTPA) (the 2 weight % aqueous solution), 0.4g Sodium Persulfate and 79.07g deionized water intermingling are mixed with water.With 7.944gSpan-80 and 2.056gTween-80 emulsifiers dissolve in the 105.55g10# white mineral oil, fully stirring is dissolved Span-80 and Tween-80 fully and is made oil phase in white mineral oil, then when stirring, join the above-mentioned water for preparing in the oil phase gradually, keep stirring and emulsifying 1 hour at 35 ℃, obtain stable white emulsion.Logical nitrogen replacement added 0.4g Tetramethyl Ethylene Diamine (being dissolved in the 3g white mineral oil) in the emulsion after 30 minutes, and monomer begins polymerization, and system temperature raises gradually.The control bath temperature makes temperature of charge be no more than 70 ℃, react after 4 hours, and temperature of charge is increased to 80 ℃ and kept 1 hour, obtains the white water-in-oil emulsion of stablizing after the cooling.Emulsion is not seen layering with centrifugal 30min in the 2000rpm whizzer.Be about 8,500,000 according to the method determining molecular weight among the embodiment 1.Get water-in-oil emulsion 1g, add in the 200g deionized water, stirred 30 minutes, have a large amount of white insolubless in the emulsion with the 300rpm rotating speed, soltion viscosity＜10mPa.s,
Embodiment 2
Method preparation water-in-oil emulsion according to embodiment 1, difference is to use the polymerization degree to be about 1700, and degree of hydrolysis is 92% polyvinyl alcohol, does not add the cation micro molecule emulsifying agent, and the water-soluble azo class initiator A IBI of 0.4g is adopted in polymerization, and emulsifying temperature is reduced to 30 ℃.Logical nitrogen deoxygenation was warming up to 42 ℃ of initiated polymerizations with system after 30 minutes, polymerization 4 hours, and 80 ℃ of slakings are after 1 hour.Cooling obtains white and stablizes water-in-oil emulsion.Emulsion is not seen layering with centrifugal 30min in the 2000rpm whizzer.Be about 7,700,000 according to the method determining molecular weight among the embodiment 1.Get water-in-oil emulsion 1g, add in the 200g deionized water, stirred 10 minutes soltion viscosity 480mPa.s with the 300rpm rotating speed.
Embodiment 3
With the 81.07g acrylamide, 101.34g diallyl dimethyl methyl ammonium chloride (the 60 weight % aqueous solution), 1.5g diethylene triaminepentaacetic acid(DTPA) (the 2 weight % aqueous solution), 0.7g the polymerization degree is about 2400, the polyvinyl alcohol of degree of hydrolysis 88%, 0.1g cetyl trimethylammonium bromide and 0.4gAIBI and 79.07g deionized water intermingling are mixed with water.With 7.944gSpan-80 and 2.056gOP-10 emulsifiers dissolve in 80.6g 3# white mineral oil, fully stir and make Span-80 and OP-10 dissolving fully in white mineral oil, then when stirring, join the above-mentioned water for preparing in the oil phase gradually, keep stirring and emulsifying 1 hour at 30 ℃, obtain stable white emulsion.Logical nitrogen replacement was warming up to 42 ℃ with emulsion, initiated polymerization after 30 minutes.The control temperature of charge is no more than 70 ℃ in the polymerization process, react after 4 hours, and temperature of charge is increased to 80 ℃ and kept 1 hour, obtains the white water-in-oil emulsion of stablizing after the cooling.Emulsion is not seen layering with centrifugal 30min in the 2000rpm whizzer.Be about 5,000,000 according to the method determining molecular weight among the embodiment 1.Get water-in-oil emulsion 1g, add in the 200g deionized water, stirred 30 minutes with the 300rpm rotating speed, soltion viscosity 280mPa.s,
Embodiment 4
With the 81.07g acrylamide, 162.14g methylacryoyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (the 50 weight % aqueous solution), 1.5g disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (the 2 weight % aqueous solution), 1.2g molecular weight is 8000 polyoxyethylene glycol, 0.4g Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 18.27g deionized water intermingling fully dissolve and are mixed with water.With 7.94gSpan-80 and 2.05gTween-80 emulsifiers dissolve in the 105.55g whiteruss, fully stir and make Span-80 and Tween-80 dissolving fully in whiteruss, then when stirring, join the above-mentioned water for preparing in the oil phase gradually, keep stirring and emulsifying 1 hour at 35 ℃, obtain stable white emulsion.Logical nitrogen replacement added 0.4g Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (being dissolved in the 3g whiteruss) in the emulsion after 30 minutes, and emulsion is warming up to 70 ℃, and monomer begins polymerization, and system temperature raises gradually.The control bath temperature makes temperature of charge be no more than 85 ℃, reacts 5 hours, obtains white after the cooling and stablizes water-in-oil emulsion.Emulsion is not seen layering with centrifugal 30min in the 2000rpm whizzer.Be about 8,400,000 according to the method determining molecular weight among the embodiment 1.Get water-in-oil emulsion 1g, add in the 200g deionized water, stirred 10 minutes soltion viscosity 600mPa.s with the 300rpm rotating speed.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of a water-in-oil-type cation polyacrylamide emulsion, this method comprises following steps: 1) oil-soluble emulsifier is dissolved in oil and makes oil phase; 2) water-soluble polymer emulsifying agent, water-soluble cationic emulsifying agent, acrylamide, water-soluble cationic monomer and metal ion capturing agent and deionized water together being mixed with water and regulating the pH value is 4～6; 3) when stirring water is added in the oil phase gradually, lasting stirring and emulsifying forms water in oil emulsion; 4) after the logical nitrogen deoxygenation, the water in oil emulsion temperature control to 0 that the 3rd step was formed～100 ℃ adds the initiator initiated polymerization, obtains the water-in-oil-type cation polyacrylamide emulsion.
2. according to the preparation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described oil-soluble emulsifier is selected from one or more of Span series, Tween series and OP series nonionic emulsifying agent.
3. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described grease separation one or more in toluene, dimethylbenzene, hexanaphthene, heptane, halogenated alkane, isomery paraffin, white oil.
4. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described water-soluble polymer emulsifying agent is selected from one or more in polyvinyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene glycol, the vinyl pyrrolidone polymer.
5. according to the preparation method of claim 4, it is characterized in that the molecular weight of described polyvinyl alcohol is 5000～150000, degree of hydrolysis is 75～100%.
6. according to the preparation method of claim 4, it is characterized in that the molecular weight of described polyoxyethylene glycol is 200～50000.
7. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that the consumption of described water-soluble polymer emulsifying agent is 0.1～1.5 weight % of water-in-oil emulsion total amount.
8. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described water-soluble cationic emulsifying agent is the quaternary emulsifying agent, is selected from Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, the heptadecane dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride one or more.
9. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that the consumption of described water-soluble cationic emulsifying agent is not more than 1.5 weight % of water weight.
10. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described water-soluble cationic monomer is selected from:
(1) (methyl) acrylate analog derivative, general structure is:
Wherein: R
1Be H or CH
3
R
2Be C
2～C
4Direct-connected alkyl
R
3Be CH
3Or C
2H
5
(2) (methyl) acrylamide analog derivative, general structure is:
Wherein: R
1Be H or CH
3
R
2Be C
2～C
4Direct-connected alkyl
R
3Be CH
3Or C
2H
5
Perhaps be
Wherein: R
1Be H or CH
3
R
2And R
3Be C
1～C
6Alkyl;
(3) N, the disubstituted poly (dially dialkyl) base of N ammonium halide, it is disubstituted to be C
1～C
20Alkyl or aryl;
(4) N-vinyl imidazole or N-vinyl imidazole quinoline;
(5) polymeric amide polyamines-epoxy chloropropane or polymine;
When adopting above-mentioned (1)-(5) class monomer, monomer is earlier through organic acid, mineral acid, sulfuric ester or halogenated alkane cationization.
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