CN102205460A - Friction welding process for intermediate section of axle cast steel axle housing and shaft heads of heavy-duty truck - Google Patents
Friction welding process for intermediate section of axle cast steel axle housing and shaft heads of heavy-duty truck Download PDFInfo
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- CN102205460A CN102205460A CN2009102064539A CN200910206453A CN102205460A CN 102205460 A CN102205460 A CN 102205460A CN 2009102064539 A CN2009102064539 A CN 2009102064539A CN 200910206453 A CN200910206453 A CN 200910206453A CN 102205460 A CN102205460 A CN 102205460A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a process for welding an intermediate section of an axle housing and shaft heads of a heavy-duty truck, in particular to a friction welding process of an intermediate section of a cast steel axle housing and shaft heads for a heavy-duty truck. The friction welding process is characterized in that the intermediate section and the shaft heads at two sides are clamped in special continuous driving friction welding equipment; the intermediate section of the axle housing is immovable; the shaft heads at the two sides rotate at high speed and apply an axial pressure; and the diffusion and re-crystallizing metallurgy reaction on an interface is realized by using the heat generation by friction and the pressure of the interface to be welded, and finally, the intermediate section of the axle housing is welded together with the shaft heads at the two sides. The invention has the characteristics of simple process, accuracy in control, stable and reliable welding quality, no defects such as melting weld joint air holes, interposition slag and heat cracks existing in the weld joint, fine weld joint tissue, higher strength of the weld joint compared with that of a base material and high welding efficiency. The welded axle housing can meet the requirements for vertical bending fatigue life and vertical static rigidity and has a certain significance on shortening the total lengths of the shaft heads, reducing the weight of an axle housing assembly, prolonging the service life of extrusion dies of the shaft heads and reducing the cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology of heavy-duty car vehicle bridge cast steel axle housing stage casing and spindle nose welding, particularly about the friction-welding technique of a kind of heavy-duty car vehicle bridge cast steel axle housing stage casing and spindle nose.
Background technology
The vehicle bridge axle housing is a vitals of automobile, because its Mechanical Builds complexity, spatial volume and total quality are huge, and the method that is connected again after the processing and manufacturing of existing heavy goods vehicles axle shell is adopted the axle housing stage casing more and the both sides spindle nose is processed respectively.In view of the axle housing of automotive axle is a kind of steel-casting, at present processing technologys that adopt two kinds of connections more, a kind of is the method for attachment that stop pin is beaten in spindle nose hot pressing dress both sides, another kind is to adopt CO
2The process of protection welding spindle nose.Though above-mentioned two kinds of technologies respectively have characteristics, have the following disadvantages respectively:
When for example, adopting spindle nose hot pressing load to connect technology:
1) spindle nose is long, and hot extrusion shaping mold is short service life, the cost height, and weight is big;
2) need special-purpose stage casing bore hole and spindle nose hot-press equipment, the time of bore hole processing is long;
3) original production line that dashes the weldering axle housing be can not utilize, original production line or newly-increased production line and relevant device thereof needed to transform;
4) complex process of spindle nose hot pressing dress, production efficiency is low.
Adopt CO
2Then there is following deficiency during protection welding spindle nose technology:
1) the weldquality instability is prone to weld defect;
2) distortion of welding rear axle housing is big;
3) the welding beat is long, and efficient is low, and complex process needs first spot welding spindle nose;
4) need carry out strict weld defect flaw detection evaluation process.
Connect the existing weak point of technology for overcoming above-mentioned two kinds, need seek the new technology that automobile cast steel vehicle bridge axle housing stage casing is connected with the both sides spindle nose.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention, be that existing cast steel axle housing stage casing is connected the existing complex process of technology with the both sides spindle nose, productivity ratio is low, spindle nose is long, weight reaches the big defective of welding deformation greatly in order to overcome, and propose a kind of friction-welding technique that connects vehicle bridge cast steel axle housing stage casing and both sides spindle nose.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, utilize the stage casing and the spindle nose of Continuous Drive Friction Welding machine welded cast steel axle housing, with the stage casing of solution heavy-duty car vehicle bridge cast steel axle housing and the technology that is connected of both sides spindle nose.The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the friction-welding technique of a kind of heavy-duty car vehicle bridge cast steel axle housing stage casing and both sides spindle nose is characterized in that processing step is as follows:
(1) presses the solder joints face that both sides, vehicle bridge axle housing stage casing are processed in production engineering specifications turning;
(2) press the solder joints face that vehicle bridge both sides spindle nose is processed in production engineering specifications turning;
(3) spindle nose with vehicle bridge axle housing stage casing and both sides is clamped in special welding equipment respectively,
(4) starting device makes the speed rotation of two end axles head height and applies axial compressive force and carries out stage by stage friction welding, wherein;
1. one-level friction phase
The parameter of setting the spindle nose rotary speed is 500～580 rev/mins, and the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 25～35B crust (bar), and the time parameter of friction is 3～8 seconds;
2. secondary friction phase
The constant amount of contraction of metal of setting axle housing stage casing and one-sided spindle nose is 7～10MM, and the speed parameter of spindle nose rotation is 370～450 rev/mins, and the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 43～60 crust, and the time parameter of friction is 18～35 seconds;
3. skidding stage
The time parameter of setting skidding is 0.50～1.5 second;
4. upset stage
The pressure intensity parameter of setting upset is 100～120 crust, and the time of upset is 3～6 seconds;
The speed parameter that the one-level friction phase is set the spindle nose rotation is 530 rev/mins, and the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 30 crust, and the parameter of fraction time is 5 seconds; The constant amount of contraction of metal that the secondary friction phase is set axle housing stage casing and one-sided spindle nose is 8mm, and the parameter of spindle nose rotary speed is 390 rev/mins, and the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 53 crust, and the parameter of fraction time is 25 seconds; The skidding time in skidding stage is 0.52 second; The pressure intensity parameter of upset is 110 crust, and the time of upset is 5 seconds.
Advantage of the present invention is: it is simple that this friction welding technological has process, and control is accurate, and welding quality stable is reliable, and weld seam does not exist fusing weld porosity, slag inclusion, fire check defective, the characteristics that seam organization is tiny, weld strength is higher than mother metal, welding efficiency is high.The welding rear axle housing can satisfy and requires and vertical quiet rigidity requirement vertical curve fatigue life, to shortening the spindle nose length overall, alleviate axle case assy weight, and the life-span of improving the spindle nose extrusion die have certain meaning with reducing cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram before an embodiment of the present invention welding;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of Fig. 1 after welding.
The specific embodiment
Be described in further detail with regard to this embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one
By the present invention program's processing step,
(1) presses the solder joints face 10 that 1 both sides, vehicle bridge axle housing stage casing are processed in production engineering specifications turning;
(2) press the solder joints face 20 that vehicle bridge both sides spindle nose 2 is processed in production engineering specifications turning;
(3) spindle nose 2 with vehicle bridge axle housing stage casing 1 and both sides is clamped in special welding equipment (diagram is slightly) respectively,
(4) starting device rotates two ends spindle nose 2 at a high speed and applies the friction welding that axial compressive force f is divided into one-level, secondary, brake and upset four-stage, wherein;
1. the speed parameter of one-level friction phase setting spindle nose rotation is 530 rev/mins, and the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 30 crust, and the parameter of fraction time is 5 seconds, its objective is the dirt of removing interface to be welded, carries out the spindle nose preheating, to guarantee that weld interface closely contacts.
2. the constant amount of contraction of metal of secondary friction phase setting axle housing stage casing and one-sided spindle nose is 8mm, the parameter of spindle nose rotary speed is 390 rev/mins, the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 53 crust, the parameter of fraction time is 25 seconds, its purpose makes weld interface be in stable heating and pressure process, the temperature of solder joints face is reached and is stabilized in mecystasis more than 1050 ℃.
3. the skidding time in skidding stage is 0.52 second, makes the solder joints face stop friction fast, guarantees the upset temperature.
4. the pressure intensity parameter of upset is 110 crust, and the time of upset is 5 seconds, and solder joints face portion metal is extruded, and the composition surface diffusion reaches the crystallization metallurgical reaction again and forms weld seam.
Embodiment two
By the present invention program's processing step,
(1) presses the solder joints face 10 that 1 both sides, vehicle bridge axle housing stage casing are processed in production engineering specifications turning;
(2) press the solder joints face 20 that vehicle bridge both sides spindle nose 2 is processed in production engineering specifications turning;
(3) spindle nose 2 with vehicle bridge axle housing stage casing 1 and both sides is clamped in special welding equipment (diagram is slightly) respectively,
(4) starting device runs up two ends spindle nose 2 and applies the friction welding that axial compressive force f is divided into one-level, secondary, brake and upset four-stage, wherein;
1. the speed parameter of one-level friction phase setting spindle nose rotation is 500 rev/mins, and the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 25 crust, and the parameter of fraction time is 8 seconds, its objective is the dirt of removing interface to be welded, carries out the spindle nose preheating to guarantee that weld interface closely contacts.
2. the constant amount of contraction of metal of secondary friction phase setting axle housing stage casing and one-sided spindle nose is 7mm, the parameter of spindle nose rotary speed is 370 rev/mins, the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 43 crust, the parameter of fraction time is 35 seconds, its purpose makes weld interface be in stable heating and pressure process, the temperature of solder joints face is reached and is stabilized in mecystasis more than 1050 ℃.
3. the skidding time in skidding stage is 0.50 second, makes the solder joints face stop friction fast, guarantees the upset temperature.
4. the pressure intensity parameter of upset is 100 crust, and the time of upset is 6 seconds, and solder joints face portion metal is extruded, and the composition surface diffusion reaches the crystallization metallurgical reaction again and forms weld seam.
Embodiment three
By the present invention program's processing step,
(1) presses the solder joints face 10 that 1 both sides, vehicle bridge axle housing stage casing are processed in production engineering specifications turning;
(2) press the solder joints face 20 that vehicle bridge both sides spindle nose 2 is processed in production engineering specifications turning;
(3) spindle nose 2 with vehicle bridge axle housing stage casing 1 and both sides is clamped in special welding equipment (diagram is slightly) respectively,
(4) starting device rotates two ends spindle nose 2 at a high speed and applies the friction welding that axial compressive force f is divided into one-level, secondary, brake and upset four-stage, wherein;
1. the speed parameter of one-level friction phase setting spindle nose rotation is 580 rev/mins, and the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 35 crust, and the parameter of fraction time is 3 seconds, its objective is the dirt of removing interface to be welded, carries out the spindle nose preheating, to guarantee that weld interface closely contacts.
2. the constant amount of contraction of metal of secondary friction phase setting axle housing stage casing and one-sided spindle nose is 10mm, the parameter of spindle nose rotary speed is 450 rev/mins, the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 60 crust, the parameter of fraction time is 18 seconds, its purpose makes weld interface be in stable heating and pressure process, the temperature of solder joints face is reached and is stabilized in mecystasis more than 1050 ℃.
3. the skidding time in skidding stage is 1.5 seconds, makes the solder joints face stop friction fast, guarantees the upset temperature.
4. the pressure intensity parameter of upset is 120 crust, and the time of upset is 3 seconds, and solder joints face portion metal is extruded, and the composition surface diffusion reaches the crystallization metallurgical reaction again and forms weld seam 1.
Test and explanation about constant amount of contraction;
Since for a kind of friction welding of material, the rotating speed of secondary friction phase, constant amount of contraction, friction pressure and the upset pressure intensity parameter major decision welding quality quality in upset stage, and there is certain optimum range in it.By many groups parameter test weld, obtain pro-eutectoid ferrite, Wei Shi body, sorbite, granular bainite line and staff control, microscopic structure is more tiny, and the weld seam ballistic work is (seeing Table one) better.The present invention explores a bond pads parameter: constant amount of contraction between 7～10mm, 370～450 rev/mins of secondary friction phase rotating speeds, pressure 43～60 crust, upset pressure 100～120 crust.
1. because the requirement of axle housing welding back symmetry is for being not more than 1mm, the constant amount of contraction control model of this process using.
2. through testing, optimized a cover friction-welding technique parameter, table one is casting bridge friction welding seam ballistic work and an axle housing stage casing ballistic work under the different temperatures; Table two is vertical curve inspection of fatigue results; Table three is vertical curve stiffness testing results.
Table one: casting bridge friction welding seam ballistic work and axle housing stage casing ballistic work under the different temperatures
3. analyze, verify that axle case assy satisfies the platform experiment requirement.See Table two, table three
Table two: vertical curve inspection of fatigue result
Table three: vertical curve stiffness testing result
Claims (7)
1. the friction-welding technique of heavy-duty car vehicle bridge cast steel axle housing stage casing and spindle nose is characterized in that processing step is as follows:
(1) presses the solder joints face that both sides, vehicle bridge axle housing stage casing are processed in production engineering specifications turning;
(2) press the solder joints face that vehicle bridge both sides spindle nose is processed in production engineering specifications turning;
(3) spindle nose with vehicle bridge axle housing stage casing and both sides is clamped in special welding equipment respectively,
(4) starting device makes the speed rotation of two end axles head height and applies axial compressive force and carries out stage by stage friction welding, wherein;
1. one-level friction phase
The parameter of setting the spindle nose rotary speed is 500～580 rev/mins, and the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 25～35 crust, and the time parameter of friction is 3～8 seconds;
2. secondary friction phase
The constant amount of contraction of metal of setting axle housing stage casing and one-sided spindle nose is 7～10MM, and the speed parameter of spindle nose rotation is 370～450 rev/mins, and the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 43～60 crust, and the time parameter of friction is 18～35 seconds;
3. skidding stage
The time parameter of setting skidding is 0.50～1.5 second;
4. upset stage
The pressure intensity parameter of setting upset is 100～120 crust, and the time of upset is 3～6 seconds.
2. press the friction-welding technique of the described heavy-duty car vehicle bridge of claim 1 cast steel axle housing stage casing and spindle nose, it is characterized in that it is 530 rev/mins that the one-level friction phase is set the speed parameter of spindle nose rotation, the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 30 crust, and the parameter of fraction time is 5 seconds.
3. the friction-welding technique by the described heavy-duty car vehicle bridge of claim 1 cast steel axle housing stage casing and spindle nose is characterized in that it is 8mm that the secondary friction phase is set the constant amount of contraction of metal of axle housing stage casing and one-sided spindle nose, the parameter of spindle nose rotary speed is 390 rev/mins, the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 53 crust, and the parameter of fraction time is 25 seconds.
4. by the friction-welding technique of the described heavy-duty car vehicle bridge of claim 1 cast steel axle housing stage casing and spindle nose, the skidding time that it is characterized in that the skidding stage is 0.52 second.
5. by the friction-welding technique of the described heavy-duty car vehicle bridge of claim 1 cast steel axle housing stage casing and spindle nose, the pressure intensity parameter that it is characterized in that upset is 110 crust, and the time of upset is 5 seconds.
6. the friction-welding technique of heavy-duty car vehicle bridge cast steel axle housing stage casing according to claim 1 and spindle nose is characterized in that the parameter of friction welding stage by stage of step (4) is as follows:
1. one-level friction phase
The parameter of setting the spindle nose rotary speed is 500 rev/mins, and the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 25 crust, and the time parameter of friction is 8 seconds;
2. secondary friction phase
The constant amount of contraction of metal of setting axle housing stage casing and one-sided spindle nose is 7mm, and the speed parameter of spindle nose rotation is 370 rev/mins, and the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 43 crust, and the time parameter of friction is 35 seconds;
3. skidding stage
The time parameter of setting skidding is 0.50 second;
4. upset stage
The pressure intensity parameter of setting upset is 100 crust, and the time of upset is 6 seconds.
7. the friction-welding technique of heavy-duty car vehicle bridge cast steel axle housing stage casing according to claim 1 and spindle nose is characterized in that the parameter of friction welding stage by stage of step (4) is as follows:
1. one-level friction phase
The parameter of setting the spindle nose rotary speed is 580 rev/mins, and the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 35 crust, and the time parameter of friction is 3 seconds;
2. secondary friction phase
The constant amount of contraction of metal of setting axle housing stage casing and one-sided spindle nose is 10mm, and the speed parameter of spindle nose rotation is 450 rev/mins, and the pressure intensity parameter of axial compressive force is 60 crust, and the time parameter of friction is 18 seconds;
3. skidding stage
The time parameter of setting skidding is 1.5 seconds;
4. upset stage
The pressure intensity parameter of setting upset is 120 crust, and the time of upset is 3 seconds.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009102064539A CN102205460A (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2009-11-13 | Friction welding process for intermediate section of axle cast steel axle housing and shaft heads of heavy-duty truck |
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| CN2009102064539A CN102205460A (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2009-11-13 | Friction welding process for intermediate section of axle cast steel axle housing and shaft heads of heavy-duty truck |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102672343A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-09-19 | 江阴中吉特殊钢有限公司 | Welding method of high speed tool steel coil rod and welding equipment of welding method |
| CN103071979A (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2013-05-01 | 万向钱潮传动轴有限公司 | Shaping process of spline shaft fork blank |
| CN104014928A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-03 | 西安特种设备检验检测院 | Dissimilar steel welding method for martensite heat-resisting steel and austenitic heat-resisting steel |
| CN104942428A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-09-30 | 西南石油大学 | Hydraulic cylinder friction welding production technology |
| CN104999174A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-10-28 | 陕西理工学院 | Sewage pump motor shaft friction welding method |
| CN105665916A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-06-15 | 合肥美桥汽车传动及底盘系统有限公司 | Welding method of rear drive axle housing assembly |
| CN108637439A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-10-12 | 山东临工工程机械有限公司 | Loader bridge housing assy small deformation welding method |
| CN111702320A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-25 | 广西瑞克工业机器人有限公司 | Heavy-load truss carrying robot and carrying method thereof |
| CN114905136A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-08-16 | 阿文美驰技术有限责任公司 | Axle housing assembly with spindle and method of manufacture |
| CN116944662A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-10-27 | 东莞市零越传动科技有限公司 | Electric motor car drive rear axle welding set |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102672343A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-09-19 | 江阴中吉特殊钢有限公司 | Welding method of high speed tool steel coil rod and welding equipment of welding method |
| CN103071979A (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2013-05-01 | 万向钱潮传动轴有限公司 | Shaping process of spline shaft fork blank |
| CN104014928A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-03 | 西安特种设备检验检测院 | Dissimilar steel welding method for martensite heat-resisting steel and austenitic heat-resisting steel |
| CN104942428A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-09-30 | 西南石油大学 | Hydraulic cylinder friction welding production technology |
| CN104999174A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-10-28 | 陕西理工学院 | Sewage pump motor shaft friction welding method |
| CN105665916A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-06-15 | 合肥美桥汽车传动及底盘系统有限公司 | Welding method of rear drive axle housing assembly |
| CN108637439A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-10-12 | 山东临工工程机械有限公司 | Loader bridge housing assy small deformation welding method |
| CN108637439B (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2020-05-19 | 山东临工工程机械有限公司 | Small-deformation welding method for axle housing assembly of loader |
| CN111702320A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-25 | 广西瑞克工业机器人有限公司 | Heavy-load truss carrying robot and carrying method thereof |
| CN111702320B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-11-16 | 广西瑞克工业机器人有限公司 | Heavy-load truss carrying robot and carrying method thereof |
| CN114905136A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-08-16 | 阿文美驰技术有限责任公司 | Axle housing assembly with spindle and method of manufacture |
| CN114905136B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2024-06-07 | 阿文美驰技术有限责任公司 | Axle housing assembly having a spindle and method of manufacture |
| CN116944662A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-10-27 | 东莞市零越传动科技有限公司 | Electric motor car drive rear axle welding set |
| CN116944662B (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-12-01 | 东莞市零越传动科技有限公司 | Electric motor car drive rear axle welding set |
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Application publication date: 20111005 |