CN102200494B - Sampling method for large undisturbed soil, and sampling equipment thereof - Google Patents
Sampling method for large undisturbed soil, and sampling equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102200494B CN102200494B CN201110073919A CN201110073919A CN102200494B CN 102200494 B CN102200494 B CN 102200494B CN 201110073919 A CN201110073919 A CN 201110073919A CN 201110073919 A CN201110073919 A CN 201110073919A CN 102200494 B CN102200494 B CN 102200494B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sampling method for large undisturbed soil, and sampling equipment thereof, and belongs to the ecological research fields of soil science and environmental science. The sampling equipment for the large undisturbed soil comprises a soil sample fixing machine, a tool face separating base plate, a latch, a gradient support and a hydraumatic push-pull apparatus. Tracks in a lower portion of the soil sample fixing machine are snapped with grooves on the tool face separating base plate. The latch is sleeved on outer side of the soil sample fixing machine and is connected with the gradient support. The hydraumatic push-pull apparatus is provided on the gradient support. One end of the hydraumatic push-pull apparatus hooks a sleeving hook of the tool face separating base plate, and the other end of the hydraumatic push-pull apparatus rests against a moving rod. Beckets are provided above four corners of the soil sample fixing machine. The sampling method is performed based on the sampling equipment for the large undisturbed soil. According to the method and the equipment provided by the present invention, soil disturbance is reduced, original layers of the soil are maintained through in situ sampling, such that authenticity of the sampling is ensured; the large undisturbed soil with different size can be sampled according to different requirements of science research; labor is saved due to adopting the hydraumatic push-pull apparatus.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to large-scale original-state soil sampling method and sampling equipment thereof, belong to ecological study fields such as pedology, environmental science.
Background technology
Soil is the basis of agricultural production; There are a lot of differences in the soil property and the fertility level of different weather conditions in different regions and different parent material developments; And the difficulty that on the different soils of different regions, conducts a research simultaneously is very big, carries out scientific research so the original-state soil that subject researchers such as agronomy, pedology and ecology grow the different soil parent materials in different regions is moved under the same ecological environmental condition.
Soil sampling is the important means of subjects such as agronomy, pedology and ecology research, and the destructive method of excavating is adopted in the collection of present pedotheque more, havoc the former of soil have levels and structure; Bring a lot of difficulties to scientific research; And existing soil sample equipment or sampling is few, can't satisfy the requirement of original-state soil micro-plot experiment, or take a sample with hole knockout; Cause compacting and soil texture to destroy inevitably; These method and apparatus mainly are to less soil sample sample collecting, and the sampling difficulty of volume more than 1 cubic metre, the large-scale original-state soil of weight more than 2 tons is big, does not also have corresponding apparatus and technology at present.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency of above-mentioned existence, the present invention aim to provide a kind of can collect volume more than 1 cubic metre,
The large-scale original-state soil sampling method and the sampling equipment thereof of the whole soil block sample of weight more than 2 tons.Adopt sampling method of the present invention and sampling equipment thereof can make the pedotheque that collects keep original soil layer, guaranteed the authenticity of sampling.
Large-scale original-state soil sampling method of the present invention specifically may further comprise the steps:
(1), choosing of soil: the needs of the test that rests on a scientific basis are chosen soil arbitrarily;
(2), shoveling appearance: take soil sample according to the scientific experimentation needs;
(3), fixing soil sample:, be enclosed within from top to down on the soil sample of digging with the soil sample fixator;
(4), place knife face and separate base plate: the knife face that knife face separates on the base plate is aimed at the soil sample parting plane that will separate, and road groove and the slide rail on the soil sample fixator that knife face is separated on the base plate interlock;
(5), locking soil sample fixator:, be enclosed within the soil sample fixator outside from top to down with lock;
(6), connect lock and gradient scaffolding: gradient scaffolding is connected with lock, both are become one;
(7), separate soil sample: the hydraulic pressure load push-pull is installed on the gradient scaffolding; Hydraulic pressure load push-pull front end withstands knife face and separates the base plate rear, and electricity starts the hydraulic pressure load push-pull, pushes ahead knife face and separates base plate; Distance according to each hydraulic pressure propelling; Repeat 2-3 times on gradient scaffolding, the move forward position of hydraulic pressure load push-pull, accomplishes the soil sample mask work;
(8), unload the hydraulic pressure load push-pull, unload gradient scaffolding and lock;
(9), lifting soil sample: separate the floor below cable with wirerope from knife face and live whole soil sample, with the whole soil sample of slinging of the crane more than 15 tons;
(10), entrucking transportation: whole soil sample is placed on the large-scale haulage vehicle, fixes with hawser, is transported to the test place at place;
(11), hang down soil sample: soil sample is lifted by crane the test site from haulage vehicle;
(12), extracting knife face out separates base plate: lock is enclosed within the soil sample fixator outside once more, and gradient scaffolding links to each other with lock and becomes one, and the hydraulic pressure load push-pull is installed on the gradient scaffolding; Hydraulic pressure load push-pull front end hooks knife face and separates base plate rear cover hook, and electricity starts the hydraulic pressure load push-pull, pulls out knife face backward and separates base plate; The distance that the each hydraulic pressure of foundation is pulled out; On gradient scaffolding, move the hydraulic pressure load push-pull backward, repeat 2-3 times, accomplish the extraction that knife face separates base plate;
(13), the soil sample of slinging fixator: unload hydraulic pressure load push-pull, gradient scaffolding and lock again, wirerope is tied up on the latch closure of four jiaos of soil sample fixator tops, start the crane soil sample fixator of slowly slinging, all accomplish the whole sampling work of native soils to this.
The sampling equipment that in large-scale original-state soil sampling method, uses comprises that soil sample fixator, knife face separate base plate, lock, gradient scaffolding, hydraulic pressure pushing device, seal and above and below opening shape around the soil sample fixator is; The road groove that the slide rail of soil sample retainer bottom separates with knife face on the base plate interlocks; Knife face separates on the base plate has the cover hook, and lock is enclosed within the outside of soil sample fixator from top to down, and gradient scaffolding is connected with lock; Hydraulic pressure pushing device places on the gradient scaffolding; Hydraulic pressure load push-pull one end hook is lived the cover hook that knife face separates base plate, and the hydraulic pressure load push-pull other end leans against and moves on the pole, and soil sample fixator top is equipped with latch closure for four jiaos.
The present invention adopts technique scheme, has the following advantages: 1, less to the disturbance of soil, in-situ sampling has kept the former of soil to have levels, and guarantees the authenticity of sampling; 2, can gather the large-scale original-state soil sample of different sizes according to the different needs of scientific research; 3, adopt the hydraulic pressure load push-pull, saved the labour.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure vertical view of large-scale original-state soil sampling equipment according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is the texture edge view of large-scale original-state soil sampling equipment according to the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is at length explained, but do not limit the present invention in any form.
Like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2; Large-scale original-state soil sampling equipment according to the invention comprises that soil sample fixator 1, knife face separate base plate 2, lock 3, gradient scaffolding 4, hydraulic pressure pushing device 5, seal and above and below opening shape around soil sample fixator 1 is; The road groove 7 that the slide rail 6 of soil sample fixator 1 bottom separates with knife face on the base plate 2 interlocks; Knife face separates has cover hook 8 on the base plate 2, lock 3 is enclosed within the outside of soil sample fixator 1 from top to down, and gradient scaffolding 4 is connected with lock 3; Hydraulic pressure pushing device 5 places on the gradient scaffolding 4; Hydraulic pressure load push-pull 5 one end hooks are lived the cover hook 8 that knife face separates base plate 2, and hydraulic pressure load push-pull 5 other ends lean against and move on the pole 9, and soil sample fixator top is equipped with latch closure 10 for four jiaos.
The method of taking based on large-scale original-state soil sampling equipment specifically may further comprise the steps:
(1), choosing of soil: the needs of the test that rests on a scientific basis can be chosen arbitrarily;
(2), shoveling appearance: accurately take required soil sample size;
(3), fixing soil sample:, be enclosed within from top to down on the soil sample of digging with soil sample fixator 1;
(4), place knife face and separate base plate 2: the knife face that knife face separates on the base plate 2 is aimed at the soil sample parting plane that will separate, knife face is separated on the base plate on 2 road groove 7 and the soil sample fixator 1 slide rail 6 and interlock;
(5), locking soil sample fixator 1:, be enclosed within soil sample fixator 1 outside from top to down with lock 3;
(6), connect lock 3 and gradient scaffolding 4: gradient scaffolding 4 is connected with lock 3, both are become one;
(7), separate soil sample: hydraulic pressure load push-pull 5 is installed on the gradient scaffolding 4; Hydraulic pressure load push-pull 5 front ends hook knife face and separate base plate 2 rears cover hook 8, and electricity starts hydraulic pressure load push-pull 5, pushes ahead knife face and separates base plate 2; Distance according to each hydraulic pressure propelling; Repeat 3 times on gradient scaffolding 4, the move forward position of hydraulic pressure load push-pull 5, accomplishes the soil sample mask work;
(8), unload hydraulic pressure load push-pull 5, unload gradient scaffolding 4 and lock 3;
(9), lifting soil sample: separate base plate 2 below cables with wirerope from knife face and live whole soil sample, with the whole soil sample of slinging of the crane more than 15 tons;
(10), entrucking transportation: whole soil sample is placed on the large-scale haulage vehicle, fixes with hawser, is transported to the test place at place;
(11), hang down soil sample: soil sample is lifted by crane the test site from haulage vehicle;
(12), extract knife face out and separate base plate 2: lock 3 is enclosed within soil sample fixator 1 outside once more, and gradient scaffolding 4 links to each other with lock 3 and becomes one, and hydraulic pressure load push-pull 5 is installed on the gradient scaffolding 4; Hydraulic pressure load push-pull 5 front ends hook knife face and separate base plate rear cover hook 8, and electricity starts hydraulic pressure load push-pull 5, pulls out knife face backward and separates base plate 2; The distance that the each hydraulic pressure of foundation is pulled out; On gradient scaffolding 4, move hydraulic pressure load push-pull 5 backward, repeat 3 times, accomplish the extraction that knife face separates base plate 2;
(13), the soil sample fixator of slinging: unload hydraulic pressure load push-pull 5, gradient scaffolding 4 and lock 3 again; Wirerope is tied up on the latch closure 10 of four jiaos of soil sample fixator 1 tops; Start the crane soil sample fixator 1 of slowly slinging, all accomplish the whole sampling work of native soils to this.
Claims (4)
1. large-scale original-state soil sampling method is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Choosing of I, soil: the needs of the test that rests on a scientific basis are chosen soil arbitrarily;
II, shoveling appearance: the needs according to scientific experimentation take soil sample;
III, fixing soil sample:, be enclosed within from top to down on the soil sample of digging with soil sample fixator (1);
IV, place knife face and separate base plate (2): the knife face that will separate on the base plate (2) is aimed at the soil sample parting plane that will separate, and the slide rail (6) that will separate (1) on road groove (7) and the soil sample fixator of (2) on the base plate interlocks;
V, locking soil sample fixator (1): lock (3) is enclosed within soil sample fixator (1) outside from top to down;
VI, connect lock (3) and gradient scaffolding (4): gradient scaffolding (4) is connected with lock (3), both are become one;
VII, separation soil sample: hydraulic pressure load push-pull (5) is installed on the gradient scaffolding (4); Hydraulic pressure load push-pull (5) front end hooks knife face and separates base plate (2) rear cover hook (8), and electricity starts hydraulic pressure load push-pull (5), pushes ahead knife face and separates base plate (2); Distance according to each hydraulic pressure propelling; Repeat 2-3 times on gradient scaffolding (4), the move forward position of hydraulic pressure load push-pull (5), accomplishes the soil sample mask work;
VIII, unload hydraulic pressure load push-pull (5), unload gradient scaffolding (4) and lock (3);
IX, lifting soil sample: separate base plate (2) below cable with wirerope from knife face and live whole soil sample, with the whole soil sample of slinging of the crane more than 15 tons;
X, entrucking transportation: whole soil sample is placed on the large-scale haulage vehicle, fixes with hawser, is transported to the test place at place;
XI, hang down soil sample: soil sample is lifted by crane the test site from haulage vehicle;
XII, extraction knife face separate base plate (2): lock (3) is enclosed within soil sample fixator (1) outside once more; Gradient scaffolding (4) links to each other with lock (3) and becomes one, and hydraulic pressure load push-pull (5) is installed on the gradient scaffolding (4), and hydraulic pressure load push-pull (5) front end hooks knife face and separates base plate rear cover hook (8); Electricity starts hydraulic pressure load push-pull (5); Pull out knife face backward and separate base plate (2), the distance according to each hydraulic pressure is pulled out moves hydraulic pressure load push-pull (5) backward on gradient scaffolding (4); Repeat 2-3 times, accomplish the extraction that knife face separates base plate (2);
XIII, the soil sample of slinging fixator: unload hydraulic pressure load push-pull (5), gradient scaffolding (4) and lock (3) again; Wirerope is tied up on the latch closure (10) of four jiaos of soil sample fixator (1) tops; Start the crane soil sample fixator (1) of slowly slinging, all accomplish the whole sampling work of original-state soils to this.
2. the sampling equipment that in the described large-scale original-state soil sampling method of claim 1, uses; It is characterized in that: comprise that soil sample fixator (1), knife face separate base plate (2), lock (3), gradient scaffolding (4), hydraulic pressure pushing device (5); The road groove (7) that the slide rail (6) of soil sample fixator (1) bottom separates with knife face on the base plate (2) interlocks; Knife face separates on the base plate (2) has cover hook (8); Lock (3) is enclosed within the outside of soil sample fixator (1), and gradient scaffolding (4) is connected with lock (3), and hydraulic pressure pushing device (5) places on the gradient scaffolding (4); Hydraulic pressure load push-pull (5) one end hooks are lived the cover hook (8) that knife face separates base plate (2), and hydraulic pressure load push-pull (5) other end leans against and moves on the pole (9).
3. sampling equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: soil sample fixator (1) top is equipped with latch closure (10) for four jiaos.
4. sampling equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: seal and above and below opening shape around soil sample fixator (1) is.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110073919A CN102200494B (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2011-03-25 | Sampling method for large undisturbed soil, and sampling equipment thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110073919A CN102200494B (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2011-03-25 | Sampling method for large undisturbed soil, and sampling equipment thereof |
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| CN102200494A CN102200494A (en) | 2011-09-28 |
| CN102200494B true CN102200494B (en) | 2012-10-10 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102419267B (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2013-11-27 | 南京大学 | Indoor model test soil borrowing device based on micro-structure analysis and soil borrowing method |
| CN103528852B (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-07-08 | 南京大学 | Undisturbed sampling method capable of effectively preventing coarse-grained soil from leaking through side wall |
| CN103967483B (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2018-02-23 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Biological breadcrust undisturbed soil sampling device and sampling method for simulated rainfall experiment |
| CN110320066A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-10-11 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Original-state soil collecting cassette and the method for original-state soil acquisition |
Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3812721B2 (en) * | 2001-06-25 | 2006-08-23 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | Formation sample collection apparatus and method |
| CN201535724U (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2010-07-28 | 山东农业大学 | Earth-taking drill for field soil original cut plane earth column |
| CN101832883A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2010-09-15 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Soil layering scraping sampler |
| CN201716211U (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2011-01-19 | 四川农业大学 | Undisturbed soil sampling device |
| CN202002818U (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2011-10-05 | 中国科学院桃源农业生态试验站 | Large undisturbed-soil sampling equipment |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004278147A (en) * | 2003-03-17 | 2004-10-07 | Toa Grout Kk | Sampling method and sampling device of soil |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3812721B2 (en) * | 2001-06-25 | 2006-08-23 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | Formation sample collection apparatus and method |
| CN201535724U (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2010-07-28 | 山东农业大学 | Earth-taking drill for field soil original cut plane earth column |
| CN101832883A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2010-09-15 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Soil layering scraping sampler |
| CN201716211U (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2011-01-19 | 四川农业大学 | Undisturbed soil sampling device |
| CN202002818U (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2011-10-05 | 中国科学院桃源农业生态试验站 | Large undisturbed-soil sampling equipment |
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