CN102193091B - Device and method for judging near field distance - Google Patents
Device and method for judging near field distance Download PDFInfo
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- CN102193091B CN102193091B CN201010121342.0A CN201010121342A CN102193091B CN 102193091 B CN102193091 B CN 102193091B CN 201010121342 A CN201010121342 A CN 201010121342A CN 102193091 B CN102193091 B CN 102193091B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and method for judging near field distance, which are used for judging near field distance of a UHF (Ultra-High Frequency) signal source. According to the invention, a signal emitted from the UHF signal source is received through a UHF antenna array unit, the received signal is subjected to phase difference detection through a phase difference detection unit and then converted to phase information which is recognizable to a distance judgment algorithm operational unit, and the distance judgment algorithm operational unit is used for calculating the received phase information to obtain the distance between the signal source and the UHF antenna array unit, wherein the UHF antenna array unit consists of at least 3 groups of antenna pairs which are distributed regularly in the case of meeting certain conditions, thereby the calculation of the distance judgment algorithm operational unit is greatly simplified.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the system and method that in radio communication, the distance to radio-frequency signal source judges, more particularly, relate to the Distance Judgment apparatus and method that are applied to mobile payment etc. and need to carry out the field of distance of near field judgement.
Background technology
Radio communication terminal especially mobile phone is universal, makes radio communication terminal possess short-range communication function by transformation, to utilize the demand of the functions such as radio communication terminal realization E-Payment such as mobile phone more and more stronger.There is at present the subscriber identification module SIM(Subscriber Identity Module in mobile phone) increase radio-frequency enabled on card, be called radio-frequency SIM, or on cell phone mainboard, increase proximity communication module and realize the method for mobile phone short-range communication, the appearance of this method make mobile phone become one can supplement with money, consume, the super intelligent terminal of transaction and authentication, greatly meet the active demand in market.
Wherein, mobile phone based on radio-frequency SIM closely solution simple with it, paid close attention to widely without advantages such as change mobile phones, in this scheme, radio-frequency SIM adopts UHF(Ultra High Frequency, ultrahigh frequency) technology can transmit radiofrequency signal from mobile phone, do not redesign mobile phone and just can make mobile phone possess short-range communication function thereby realize.But different mobile phones exist very large difference because inner structure difference causes radiofrequency signal transmission effects, strong its communication distance of mobile phone of transmission may reach the distance of several meters far away, and the weak mobile phone of transmission also can reach tens centimetres.And in mobile payment application, as public transport subway is swiped the card, conventionally all can have strict requirement for transaction distance, to prevent user's mistake brush in unwitting situation, cause damage.Therefore, the mobile phone based on radio-frequency SIM card, in increasing short-range communication function, also must be able to be controlled the coverage scope of its transaction.
In existing technology for radio frequency, can realize the non-contact card technology based on ISO14443 standard that has of transaction distance control, this technology, by inducing energy from card reader for the work of non-contact card internal circuit, realizes mutual communication the between card reader.The ultimate principle of the distance control that this technology realizes is that radio-frequency (RF) energy can only be in short range transmission, but this technology is difficult to be applied in SIM card, this is because the area of SIM card is very little, and it is embedded in interior of mobile phone, the radio-frequency (RF) energy of card reader radiation cannot be passed through mobile phone and radio-frequency SIM card, and realizes communication.
Chinese patent application CN200810142624.1 has proposed a kind of system and method for controlling mobile terminal radio frequency communication distance, and first the method sets up corresponding near field collection of illustrative plates by test method radio frequency mobile terminal for each type on radio frequency control terminal; Utilize detector array between the field intensity of the current radio frequency mobile terminal detecting and its near field collection of illustrative plates, to obtain for matching degree relatively by matching algorithm; Threshold value comparison by the matching degree obtaining with the corresponding the type radio frequency mobile terminal pre-setting in radio frequency control terminal, thus within the limits prescribed whether the distance that judges current radio frequency mobile terminal and radio frequency control terminal.The method needs to obtain by methods such as tests in advance the near field collection of illustrative plates of each radio frequency control terminal, application system more complicated.
Utilize phase differential to judge that the method for direction of arrival degree and distance is a lot, as U.S. Pat 2437695 is just mentioned the receiving trap that adopts three known location, by measuring the mutual phase differential between each receiving trap, utilize trigonometric function formula to come the position of accurate Calculation emissive source.Thisly determine that based on triangle formula accurate Calculation the method for position is also widely used in gps system, be generally applicable to far field judgement.The problem that this method exists is that mathematical computations amount is very large, system requirements is very high, especially there is the weak key issue of antijamming capability: between signal source and receiving trap, have chaff interference, there is the situation of signal reflex, to there is the reversion of 180 degree in phase place, this phase reversal will cause signal source locate failure.For this class problem, gps system often needs to adopt the complicated measures such as multipath interference that prevent to reduce its impact for system, and this often brings more complicated requirement of system design.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of distance of near field judgment means and method, simple at device, calculated amount is little, does not need in the situation of the near field collection of illustrative plates that obtains each radio frequency control terminal, realizes the Distance Judgment in uhf band short-range communication situation.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind of distance of near field judgment means, comprise UHF antenna array unit, Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element, and also comprise phase difference detection unit; UHF antenna array unit is electrically connected with phase difference detection unit; Phase difference detection unit is electrically connected with Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element; UHF antenna array unit receives the signal that signal source produces, and sends signal to phase difference detection unit and detect; Phase difference detection unit carries out the phase-detection of signal and converts the phase information that Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element can be identified to; Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element calculates the distance between signal source and UHF antenna array unit according to the phase information receiving, and judge that this distance is whether in predetermined scope, particularly, described phase information is the phase differential of the received signal of two antennas of same antenna centering, and Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element is according to distance d and angle between this phase differential and two antennas of described antenna pair
calculate signal source and antenna between distance, wherein, angle
for signal source is to the angle of line between the line of mid point between two antennas of described antenna pair and this two antennas.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the uhf band signal only by Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element, UHF antenna array unit being received carries out calculating and the judgement of phase differential, just can realize the Distance Judgment between radio frequency control terminal and UHF antenna array unit, device is simple, calculated amount is little, does not need to obtain in advance the near field collection of illustrative plates of each radio frequency control terminal.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following restriction.
Further, described UHF antenna array unit by least 3 group antennas to forming.
Further, in described UHF antenna array unit at least 3 group antennas to linear uncorrelated each other.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be, by at least 3 group antennas pair, as long as and have at least 3 group antennas to linear uncorrelated each other, i.e. at least 3 group antenna pair, form line between two right antennas of every group of antenna all not parallel to each other each other, can be according to linear space theory, calculate distance and angle between signal source and aerial array, thereby reach the object of Distance Judgment.
Further, described at least 3 group antennas are in same plane.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be, can be using 3 groups of antennas to plane of living in as with reference to plane, the distance of signal source is calculated and is judged, make computational short cut, save computing time, make visual result.
Further, in described UHF antenna array unit, every group of antenna between separate.
Further, in described UHF antenna array unit, organize more antenna between share same antenna.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be, can be according to the needs of varying environment, the spread pattern that antenna is right is carried out to different adjustment, adopt every group of antenna between separate be antenna between do not share same antenna or share the array mode of same antenna, make distance of near field judgment means can obtain best result, and can suitably reduce as the case may be antenna amount, to save Measuring Time and to measure cost.
Further, described at least 3 group antennas are to comprising that at least 2 group positioning antennas are to determining high antenna pair with at least 1 group; All positioning antenna centerings, the right center line of at least 2 group positioning antennas is not parallel to each other; The center line that all positioning antennas are right and all line or extended lines of determining between two right antennas of high antenna meet at a bit.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be, the crossing point of line between center line right all positioning antennas and right two antennas of all fixed high antennas or extended line is as basic point, it is zero that signal source directly over basic point makes all positioning antennas phase differential to the received signal, can obtain the distance between signal source and basic point by surely high antenna phase differential and the right position relationship of antenna to the received signal again, simplify computation process, accelerated the judgement speed of distance of near field judgment means.
Further, described positioning antenna alignment be wired to regular polygon; The described regular polygon that is wired to of determining high antenna pair point.
Further, the distance between two of all positioning antenna centerings antennas all equates; Distance between two antennas of all fixed high antenna pair all equates.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be, the signal that signal source is launched carries out comparatively simple statistics just can obtain result accurately, in the time that positioning antenna is zero to the phase differential of institute's acknowledge(ment) signal, by surely high antenna to received signal phase differential and value, can judge accurately the distance between signal source and UHF antenna array unit.
Further, the frequency of described UHF antenna array unit received signal is 300MHz-3000MHz.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be, match with the radiofrequency signal that adopts UHF technology, the distance of the signal source that can be 300MHz-3000MHz to frequency judges.
Further, described antenna pair, two antenna distances are less than a wavelength of received signal.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be, only have in the time that two antenna distances are less than the corresponding wavelength of distance of near field judgment means frequency of operation, the phase differential guarantee of two received same signals of antenna of same antenna centering is less than one-period, thereby obtains accurately the angle and distance between UHF signal source and UHF antenna array unit.
Further, described Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element is a MCU(Micro Controller Unit, microcontroller), or be not with CPU(Central Processing Unit, central processing unit) proprietary arithmetical unit, or be integrated in the device with arithmetic capability in other system.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be, the selection of Distance Judgment algorithm unit of the present invention is more flexible, can select accordingly according to the needs of different situations, make distance of near field judgment means of the present invention have more adaptability, simultaneously, because the evaluation algorithm of need not adjusting the distance arithmetic element is carried out special hardware design, so just reduce the manufacturing cost of distance of near field judgment means of the present invention.
For phase difference detection unit, can adopt all kinds of components and parts to constitute or adopt special chip to make, can carry out the detection of many group antennas to phase differential simultaneously or in the same time, only carry out the detection of 1 group of antenna to phase differential.In the time only carrying out 1 group of antenna to the detection of phase differential in the same time of phase difference detection unit, Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element can be controlled with switched antenna detecting phase difference detection unit, and the poor information of Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element buffer memory dependent phase is carried out subsequent treatment simultaneously.
Like this, phase difference detection unit of the present invention can, according to the requirement of different environments for use, be taked different constituted modes, also can carry out the input of different modes, has strengthened the adaptability of the present invention to varying environment.
The present invention also provides a kind of distance of near field determination methods, comprises the following steps:
Steps A: antenna array unit receives measured signal, and performs step B;
Step B: the phase differential of measured signal is calculated in the measured signal receiving according to antenna array unit, and performs step C;
Step C: judge that whether calculate positioning antenna in the antenna array unit obtaining is zero, and perform step D to the phase differential of received signal;
Step D: if positioning antenna is non-vanishing to the phase differential of received signal in step C, perform step A, otherwise execution step E;
Step e: the distance of the phase difference calculating signal source by surely high antenna to received signal, fixed high antenna increases along with the reduction of signal source distance the phase differential sum of received signal, and judges whether in the distance range of defined.
Further, the phase differential described in step B is: the phase differential of two of each antenna pair antenna received signals in antenna array unit.
Further, in step C by many groups positioning antenna is judged the phase differential of received signal.
Further, in step e, by determining high antennas to many groups, the phase differential of received signal is calculated.
Adopt above-mentioned distance of near field judgment means and method, according to positioning antenna, the result of received signal phase difference is adjusted to signal source to desirable test position, according to fixed high antenna, received signal phase difference is calculated again, can calculate the distance of signal source and UHF antenna array unit.The present invention is without the near field collection of illustrative plates that obtains in advance each radio frequency control terminal, different to the spread pattern right with surely high antenna according to positioning antenna in UHF antenna array unit, only need to revise indivedual parameters and can realize the judgement of signal source distance, device arranges simply, computation process is simple, and calculated amount is little.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is distance of near field judgment means logic connection layout of the present invention;
Fig. 2 be in distance of near field judgment means UHF antenna array unit of the present invention signal source and antenna to angular relationship schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that in distance of near field judgment means UHF antenna array unit of the present invention, signal source and antenna are adjusted the distance and be related to schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the antenna distribution schematic diagram of UHF antenna array unit 1 in distance of near field judgment means embodiment mono-of the present invention;
Fig. 5 be according to the present invention in distance of near field judgment means embodiment mono-the interior positioning antenna of UHF antenna array unit 1 to (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), the spatial distribution map of (ANT5, ANT1) received signal phase differential sum;
Fig. 6 be according to the present invention in distance of near field judgment means embodiment mono-when signal emitting-source apart from UHF antenna array unit 1 highly for H=12 centimetre time, UHF antenna array unit 1 high antenna decided at the higher level but not officially announced is to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), the spatial distribution map of (ANT7, ANT8) received signal phase differential sum;
Fig. 7 be according to the present invention in distance of near field judgment means embodiment mono-when signal emitting-source apart from UHF antenna array unit 1 highly for H=6 centimetre time, UHF antenna array unit 1 high antenna decided at the higher level but not officially announced is to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), the spatial distribution map of (ANT7, ANT8) received signal phase differential sum;
Fig. 8 be according to the present invention in distance of near field judgment means embodiment mono-when signal emitting-source apart from UHF antenna array unit 1 highly for H=1 centimetre time, UHF antenna array unit 1 high antenna decided at the higher level but not officially announced is to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), the spatial distribution map of (ANT7, ANT8) received signal phase differential sum;
Fig. 9 determines high antenna to (ANT1 in distance of near field judgment means embodiment mono-according to the present invention, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6) curve map that, (ANT7, ANT8) changes with signal source height in UHF antenna array unit 1 center phase differential sum;
Figure 10 is the antenna distribution schematic diagram of UHF antenna array unit 1 in distance of near field judgment means embodiment bis-of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the antenna distribution schematic diagram of UHF antenna array unit 1 in distance of near field judgment means embodiment tri-of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the process flow diagram of distance of near field determination methods of the present invention.
In accompanying drawing, the list of parts of each label representative is as follows:
1, UHF antenna array unit, 2, phase difference detection unit, 3, Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, principle of the present invention and feature are described, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, distance of near field judgment means of the present invention comprises UHF antenna array unit 1, phase difference detection unit 2, Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element 3; Wherein, UHF antenna array unit 1 is electrically connected with phase difference detection unit 2, and phase difference detection unit 2 is electrically connected with Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element 3, UHF antenna array unit 1 by least 3 group antennas to forming; UHF antenna array unit 1 receives the signal that signal source produces, and send the signal of reception to phase difference detection unit 2 and detect, phase difference detection unit 2 carries out phase-detection to received signal and converts the phase information that Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element 3 can be identified to, and the phase information of reception is calculated the distance between signal source and UHF antenna array unit 1 by Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element 3.As required, phase difference detection unit 2 can carry out the detection of the right phase differential of many group antennas simultaneously, also can only carry out the detection of the right phase differential of 1 group of antenna, in the time that 2 of phase difference detection units carry out the detection of the right phase differential of 1 group of antenna, 3 of Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic elements can poor detecting unit 2 switched antennas of control phase to detecting, and the poor information of buffer memory dependent phase is carried out subsequent treatment.
The principle that the present invention realizes UHF signal source distance of near field judgement as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.The frequency of UHF antenna array unit 1 received signal of distance of near field judgment means of the present invention is 300MHz-3000MHz, distance that can the UHF signal source of testing frequency between 300MHz-3000MHz; Corresponding with the frequency of UHF antenna array unit 1 received signal, each antenna pair of composition UHF antenna array unit 1, two corresponding wavelength of frequency that antenna distance d is less than UHF antenna array unit 1 received signal.Only have in the time that two antenna distance d are less than the corresponding wavelength of frequency of UHF antenna array unit 1 received signal, the phase differential guarantee of two received same signals of antenna of same antenna centering is less than one-period, thereby obtains accurately the distance between UHF signal source and UHF antenna array unit 1.
Fig. 2 be in distance of near field judgment means UHF antenna array unit of the present invention signal source and antenna to angular relationship schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 2, between two antenna ANT1 of antenna pair and ANT2, distance is
, frequency wavelength
, and antenna is to meeting relation
signal source is X, signal source X is that signal source is S (ANT to the distance of mid point between antenna ANT1 and ANT2 to the right distance of antenna, X), signal source X is respectively S (ANT1 to the distance of antenna ANT1 and ANT2, X) and S (ANT2, X), to be signal source X to the angle of line between the line of mid point between antenna ANT1 and ANT2 and two antennas be the right angle of signal source X and antenna
.
Two antenna ANT1 and ANT2 receive the phase differential that signal source X sends signal:
Wherein,
size-dependent in
:
When
time, signal source is positioned on the midline position X1 of antenna ANT1 and ANT2, and now its phase differential is
;
When
time, signal source is positioned on the extended line position X2 of antenna ANT1 and ANT2, when
time, its phase differential is
.
When
from
change to
time, if remained unchanged apart from S (ANT, X), can simply calculate, its phase differential from
arrive
dullness reduces.
Fig. 3 is that in distance of near field judgment means UHF antenna array unit of the present invention, signal source and antenna are adjusted the distance and be related to schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 3, between two antenna ANT1 of antenna pair and ANT2, distance is
, frequency wavelength
, and antenna is to meeting relation
signal source is X, signal source X is that signal source is S (ANT to the distance of mid point between antenna ANT1 and ANT2 to the right distance of antenna, X), signal source X is respectively S (ANT1 to the distance of antenna ANT1 and ANT2, X) and S (ANT2, X), to be signal source X to the angle of line between the line of mid point between antenna ANT1 and ANT2 and two antennas be the right angle of signal source X and antenna
.
Two antenna ANT1 and ANT2 receive the phase differential that signal source X sends signal:
When
be not
with
time, and work as
when constant, signal source at the phase differential of position X1 and position X2 is respectively:
When
time, can simply calculate
.
When
time, signal source on the mid point of line between antenna ANT1 and ANT2, now its phase differential
.
By
known, when
while becoming gradually large from 0, when between signal source and antenna ANT1 and ANT2, the distance of line and extended line thereof is large by audit explanation style of calligraphy Ah gradual change, phase differential
also become large thereupon.
According to the phase differential of antenna ANT1 and the received signal of ANT2, and two antenna distance d and angle
can calculate signal source and antenna between distance S (ANT1, X).
In the present invention, in concrete range estimation algorithm and aerial array, the right distribution mode of antenna is closely related.In UHF antenna array unit 1, the same day, line pair count was many, while meeting each other the distribution of certain rule, can adopt simple statistics not on the same group the phase differential of antenna to received signal carry out Distance Judgment with value mode, so greatly simplified computation process.When in UHF antenna array unit 1, only have 3 groups each other linear incoherent antenna to time, both when the line between two of every group of antenna pair antennas is all parallel to each other each other, need the relative position right according to antenna, teach as complicated system of equations computing, could judge the distance of signal source and UHF antenna array unit 1.Algorithm can be to antenna to dividing into groups, and adopts summation, weighted sum mean square deviation, or even the mathematical method such as solving equations, or fully utilize these methods and judge.
By specific embodiment, principle of the present invention and feature are described further below, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
Embodiment mono-
Fig. 4 is the antenna distribution schematic diagram of UHF antenna array unit 1 in distance of near field judgment means embodiment mono-of the present invention.As shown in Figure 4, UHF antenna array unit 1 comprises that 4 groups of positioning antennas in same plane are to (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), (ANT5, ANT1) and 4 groups of fixed high antennas are to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8); Antenna ANT1, ANT3, ANT5, ANT7 respectively simultaneously for 2 groups of positioning antennas to 1 group of fixed high antenna to, antenna ANT2, ANT4, ANT6, ANT8 only distinguish for 1 group of fixed high antenna to; Positioning antenna is to (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), the center line of line between two antennas of (ANT5, ANT1), with surely high antenna to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), between two of (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) antennas, the extended line of line intersects at a point; Positioning antenna is to (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), (ANT5, ANT1) mid point be wired to square, fixed high antenna is to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) mid point be wired to square; Positioning antenna is to (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), (ANT5, ANT1) two antenna distance d (ANT1, ANT3), d (ANT3, ANT7), d (ANT7 in, ANT5), d (ANT5, ANT1) equates; Fixed high antenna is to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) two antenna distance d (ANT1, ANT2), d (ANT3, ANT4), d (ANT5 in, ANT6), d (ANT7, ANT8) equates.
According to geometrical principle, when positioning antenna is to (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), (ANT5, ANT1) when the phase differential of received signal is stablized and goes to zero simultaneously, can determine the center top of signal emitting-source position in UHF antenna array unit 1, now known according to geometrical principle, fixed high antenna is to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) phase differential of received signal and the height of signal emitting-source are inversely proportional to, can calculate again the height of signal emitting-source according to its phase place extent, and judge that highly whether this in predetermined scope.
Fig. 5 be according to the present invention in distance of near field judgment means embodiment mono-the interior positioning antenna of UHF antenna array unit 1 to (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), the spatial distribution map of (ANT5, ANT1) received signal phase differential sum.As shown in Figure 5, directly over the centre of signal emitting-source in UHF antenna array unit 1 time, positioning antenna is to (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), (ANT5, ANT1) received signal phase differential sum goes to zero.
As Fig. 6, Fig. 7, shown in Fig. 8, when signal emitting-source apart from the height of UHF antenna array unit 1 from H=12 centimetre during through H=6 centimetre to H=1 centimetre, directly over the center of signal source in UHF antenna array unit 1 time, namely in Fig. 5, work as positioning antenna to (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), (ANT5, ANT1) when received signal phase differential sum goes to zero, fixed high antenna is to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) variation of received signal phase differential sum is changed from small to big, in the time of UHF antenna array unit 1 center, fixed high antenna is to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) the phase differential sum of received signal is along with the reduction of signal source height increases.
Fig. 9 has reflected in the time of UHF antenna array unit 1 center, fixed high antenna is to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), the variation relation between phase differential sum and the signal emitting-source height of (ANT7, ANT8) received signal.According to this relation, can be by fixed high antenna to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) the phase differential sum of received signal is obtained the distance between signal emitting-source and UHF antenna array unit 1, and further judges whether this distance is the desired distance of system.
The signal that phase difference detection unit 2 receives UHF antenna array unit 1 as shown in Figure 4 carries out phase-detection, and convert the phase information that Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element 3 can be identified to, Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element 3 is calculated accordingly to the phase information receiving, and obtains the distance between signal source and UHF antenna array unit 1.
Embodiment bis-
Figure 10 is the antenna distribution schematic diagram of UHF antenna array unit 1 in distance of near field judgment means embodiment bis-of the present invention.As shown in figure 10, UHF antenna array unit 1 comprises that 3 groups of positioning antennas in same plane are to (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10) and 3 groups of fixed high antennas are to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12); Antenna ANT3, ANT4, ANT7, ANT8, ANT9, ANT10 respectively only for 1 group of positioning antenna to, antenna ANT1, ANT2, ANT5, ANT6, ANT11, ANT12 only distinguish for 1 group calmly high antenna to; Positioning antenna is to (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10) center line of line between two antennas, with surely high antenna to (ANT1, ANT2), between two of (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12) antennas, the extended line of line intersects at a point; Positioning antenna is to (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10) mid point be wired to equilateral triangle, fixed high antenna is to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12) mid point be wired to equilateral triangle; Positioning antenna is to (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10) two antenna distance d (ANT3 in, ANT4), d (ANT7, ANT8), d (ANT9, ANT10) equate; Fixed high antenna is to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12) two antenna distance d (ANT1 in, ANT2), d (ANT5, ANT6), d (ANT11, ANT12) equate.
Directly over the center of signal source in the antenna array unit of UHF shown in Figure 10 1 time, positioning antenna is to (ANT3, ANT4), the phase differential of (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10) received signal is stable also goes to zero simultaneously; According to geometrical principle, now fixed high antenna is to (ANT1, ANT2), the phase differential of (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12) received signal reducing and increase with distance between signal source and UHF antenna array unit 1.According to surely high antenna to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12) the phase place extent of received signal can be obtained the distance between signal emitting-source and UHF antenna array unit 1, and further judges whether this distance is the desired distance of system.
The signal that phase difference detection unit 2 receives UHF antenna array unit 1 as shown in figure 10 carries out phase-detection, and convert the phase information that Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element 3 can be identified to, Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element 3 is calculated accordingly to the phase information receiving, obtain the distance between signal source and UHF antenna array unit 1, and judge that this distance is whether in predetermined scope.
Embodiment tri-
Figure 11 is the antenna distribution schematic diagram of UHF antenna array unit 1 in distance of near field judgment means embodiment tri-of the present invention.As shown in figure 11, UHF antenna array unit 1 comprises that 4 groups of positioning antennas are to (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10), (ANT13, ANT14) and 4 groups of fixed high antennas are to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12), (ANT15, ANT16); Antenna ANT3, ANT4, ANT7, ANT8, ANT9, ANT10, ANT13, ANT14 respectively only for 1 group of positioning antenna to, antenna ANT1, ANT2, ANT5, ANT6, ANT11, ANT12, ANT15, ANT16 only distinguish for 1 group calmly high antenna to; Positioning antenna is to (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10), the center line of line between two antennas of (ANT13, ANT14), with surely high antenna to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), between two of (ANT11, ANT12), (ANT15, ANT16) antennas, the extended line of line intersects at a point; Positioning antenna is to (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10), (ANT13, ANT14) mid point be wired to square, fixed high antenna is to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12), (ANT15, ANT16) mid point be wired to square; Positioning antenna is to (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10), (ANT13, ANT14) two antenna distance d (ANT3, ANT4), d (ANT7, ANT8), d (ANT9 in, ANT10), d (ANT13, ANT14) equates; Fixed high antenna is to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12), (ANT15, ANT16) two antenna distance d (ANT1, ANT2), d (ANT5, ANT6), d (ANT11 in, ANT12), d (ANT15, ANT16) equates.
Directly over the center of signal source in the antenna array unit of UHF shown in Figure 11 1 time, positioning antenna is to (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10), the phase differential of (ANT13, ANT14) received signal is stable also goes to zero simultaneously; According to geometrical principle, now fixed high antenna is to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12), the phase differential of (ANT15, ANT16) received signal reducing and increase with distance between signal source and UHF antenna array unit 1.According to surely high antenna to (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12), (ANT15, ANT16) the phase place extent of received signal can be obtained the distance between signal emitting-source and UHF antenna array unit 1, and further judges whether this distance is the desired distance of system.
The signal that phase difference detection unit 2 receives UHF antenna array unit 1 as shown in figure 11 carries out phase-detection, and convert the phase information that Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element 3 can be identified to, Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element 3 is calculated accordingly to the phase information receiving, obtain the distance between signal source and UHF antenna array unit 1, and judge that this distance is whether in predetermined scope.
Phase difference detection unit 2 can adopt all kinds of components and parts to constitute, and also can adopt special chip to make, and it can carry out the right phase information of many group antennas simultaneously, also can only detect one group of phase information that antenna is right the same time.In the time that phase difference detection unit 2 can only detect one group of antenna to phase information, Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element 3 has certain control ability and information cache ability, can poor detecting unit 2 switched antennas of control phase to detecting, and the poor information of buffer memory dependent phase is carried out subsequent treatment.
According to the needs of varying environment and different occasions, can use a MCU or the proprietary arithmetical unit with CPU or be integrated in other system device with arithmetic capability as Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element 3 not, like this, because do not need to adjust the distance, evaluation algorithm arithmetic element 3 is carried out special hardware design, thereby reduce the manufacturing cost of distance of near field judgment means of the present invention, selected also more flexible at the carrier of Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element 3 simultaneously.
The present invention also provides a kind of distance of near field determination methods, and as shown in figure 12, the method comprises:
Steps A: antenna array unit receives measured signal, and performs step B;
Step B: the phase differential of measured signal is calculated in the measured signal receiving according to antenna array unit, and performs step C;
Step C: judge that whether calculate positioning antenna in the antenna array unit obtaining is zero, and perform step D to the phase differential of received signal;
Step D: if positioning antenna is non-vanishing to the phase differential of received signal in step C, perform step A, otherwise execution step E;
Step e: the distance of the phase difference calculating signal source by surely high antenna to received signal, and judge whether in the distance range of defined.
So far, completed the Distance Judgment process of a signal source.
In the process of use distance of near field determination methods provided by the invention, in order also to judge accurately fast the distance of signal source, this method also can be carried out following restriction:
In step B, only calculate the phase differential of two antenna received signals of every group of antenna pair in antenna array unit, do not carry out the calculating of phase differential for not belonging to same group of two right antennas of antenna, thereby reduce the calculated amount to phase differential, improve the judgement speed of this method; In step C, many groups positioning antenna is judged the phase differential of received signal, to guarantee the accurate of signal source location; In step e, many groups of fixed high antennas are calculated the phase differential of received signal, with guarantee to signal source Distance Judgment accurately.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. a distance of near field judgment means, comprises UHF antenna array unit, Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element, it is characterized in that, also comprises phase difference detection unit; UHF antenna array unit is electrically connected with phase difference detection unit; Phase difference detection unit is electrically connected with Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element; UHF antenna array unit receives the signal that signal source produces, and sends signal to phase difference detection unit and detect; Phase difference detection unit carries out the phase-detection of signal and converts the phase information that Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element can be identified to; Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element calculates the distance between signal source and UHF antenna array unit according to the phase information receiving, and judge that this distance is whether in predetermined scope, particularly, described phase information is the phase differential of the received signal of two antennas of same antenna centering, and Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element is according to distance d and angle between this phase differential and two antennas of described antenna pair
calculate signal source and antenna between distance, wherein, angle
for signal source is to the angle of line between the line of mid point between two antennas of described antenna pair and this two antennas.
2. distance of near field judgment means according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described UHF antenna array unit by least 3 group antennas to forming.
3. distance of near field judgment means according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in described UHF antenna array unit, at least 3 group antennas are to linear uncorrelated each other.
4. distance of near field judgment means according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described at least 3 group antennas are in same plane.
5. distance of near field judgment means according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in described UHF antenna array unit, every group of antenna between separate.
6. distance of near field judgment means according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in described UHF antenna array unit, organize more antenna between share same antenna.
7. distance of near field judgment means according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described at least 3 group antennas are to comprising that at least 2 group positioning antennas are to determining high antenna pair with at least 1 group; All positioning antenna centerings, the right center line of at least 2 group positioning antennas is not parallel to each other; The center line that all positioning antennas are right and all line or extended lines of determining between two right antennas of high antenna meet at a bit.
8. distance of near field judgment means according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described positioning antenna alignment be wired to regular polygon; The described regular polygon that is wired to of determining high antenna pair point.
9. distance of near field judgment means according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the distance between two antennas of all positioning antenna centerings all equates; Distance between two antennas of all fixed high antenna pair all equates.
10. distance of near field judgment means according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the frequency of described UHF antenna array unit received signal is 300MHz-3000MHz.
11. distance of near field judgment means according to claim 10, is characterized in that: described antenna pair, two antenna distances are less than a wavelength of received signal.
12. distance of near field judgment means according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Distance Judgment algorithm arithmetic element is MCU, or the proprietary arithmetical unit with CPU not, or are integrated in the device with arithmetic capability in other system.
13. 1 kinds of distance of near field determination methods, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Steps A: antenna array unit receives measured signal, and performs step B;
Step B: the phase differential of measured signal is calculated in the measured signal receiving according to antenna array unit, and performs step C;
Step C: judge that whether calculate positioning antenna in the antenna array unit obtaining is zero, and perform step D to the phase differential of received signal;
Step D: if positioning antenna is non-vanishing to the phase differential of received signal in step C, perform step A, otherwise execution step E;
Step e: the distance of the phase difference calculating signal source by surely high antenna to received signal, fixed high antenna increases along with the reduction of signal source distance the phase differential sum of received signal, and judges whether in the distance range of defined.
14. distance of near field determination methods according to claim 13, is characterized in that: the phase differential described in step B is: the phase differential of two of each antenna pair antenna received signals in antenna array unit.
15. distance of near field determination methods according to claim 13, is characterized in that: in step C by many groups positioning antenna is judged the phase differential of received signal.
16. distance of near field determination methods according to claim 13, is characterized in that: in step e, by determining high antennas to many groups, the phase differential of received signal is calculated.
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| CN102798839B (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2013-12-11 | 广州新软计算机技术有限公司 | Device for positioning active to-be-measured-object in real time by using synchronous antenna arrays |
| CN105182289A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2015-12-23 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Positioning method and device |
| GB201414975D0 (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2014-10-08 | Bevan Heba | Sensor systems |
| CN106680763B (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2020-07-03 | 纳恩博（北京）科技有限公司 | Positioning method and device |
| CN107677990A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-02-09 | 北京全迹科技有限公司 | A kind of positioner and localization method |
| CN108520576A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-09-11 | 永安行科技股份有限公司 | It is a kind of for the control method of vehicle, smart lock and vehicle |
| CN111405458A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2020-07-10 | 中国移动通信有限公司研究院 | Method and device for determining vehicle position |
| CN113466840B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2022-09-20 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | Distance measurement method, positioning method, device, equipment and system |
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| CN101330334A (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2008-12-24 | 深圳市中兴集成电路设计有限责任公司 | Apparatus and method for calibrating communication distance of radio frequency SIM card |
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| CN101089654A (en) * | 2007-07-17 | 2007-12-19 | 天津大学 | RFID radio positioning method based on phase difference ranging |
| CN101330334A (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2008-12-24 | 深圳市中兴集成电路设计有限责任公司 | Apparatus and method for calibrating communication distance of radio frequency SIM card |
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