CN102193091A - Device and method for judging near field distance - Google Patents
Device and method for judging near field distance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and method for judging near field distance, which are used for judging near field distance of a UHF (Ultra-High Frequency) signal source. According to the invention, a signal emitted from the UHF signal source is received through a UHF antenna array unit, the received signal is subjected to phase difference detection through a phase difference detection unit and then converted to phase information which is recognizable to a distance judgment algorithm operational unit, and the distance judgment algorithm operational unit is used for calculating the received phase information to obtain the distance between the signal source and the UHF antenna array unit, wherein the UHF antenna array unit consists of at least 3 groups of antenna pairs which are distributed regularly in the case of meeting certain conditions, thereby the calculation of the distance judgment algorithm operational unit is greatly simplified.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a system and a method for determining a distance of a radio frequency signal source in radio frequency communication, and more particularly, to a distance determining apparatus and a method applied to a field requiring near field distance determination such as mobile payment.
Background
Radio frequency communication terminals, particularly mobile phones, have become popular, and the radio frequency communication terminals are improved to have a short-range communication function, so that the demand for realizing functions such as electronic payment by using the radio frequency communication terminals such as mobile phones is more and more strong. At present, a method for adding a radio frequency function, called as radio frequency SIM (Subscriber Identity Module), to a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card in a mobile phone or adding a near field communication Module to a mobile phone motherboard to implement near field communication of the mobile phone has appeared, so that the mobile phone becomes a super intelligent terminal capable of recharging, consuming, transacting and authenticating identities, and the urgent needs of the market are greatly met.
In the scheme, the radio Frequency SIM adopts an Ultra High Frequency (UHF) technology to enable radio Frequency signals to be transmitted from the mobile phone, so that the mobile phone has a short-range communication function without redesigning the mobile phone. However, different mobile phones have different radio frequency signal transmission effects due to different internal structures, and a mobile phone with strong transmission may have a communication distance of several meters away, and a mobile phone with weak transmission may also have a distance of several tens of centimeters. In mobile payment application, for example, card swiping in a bus or a subway generally has strict requirements on transaction distance, so that the situation that a user swipes by mistake under an unknown condition to cause loss is prevented. Therefore, the mobile phone based on the radio frequency SIM card must be able to control the effective distance range of its transaction while increasing the short-range communication function.
Among existing radio frequency communication technologies, there is a contactless card technology based on the ISO14443 standard, which can implement transaction distance control, and the technology implements mutual communication with a card reader by inducing energy from the card reader to operate an internal circuit of the contactless card. The basic principle of the distance control realized by the technology is that the radio frequency energy can only be transmitted in a short distance, but the technology is difficult to be applied to the SIM card because the area of the SIM card is very small and the SIM card is embedded in the mobile phone, and the radio frequency energy radiated by the card reader cannot penetrate through the mobile phone and the radio frequency SIM card and realizes communication.
The Chinese patent application CN200810142624.1 provides a system and a method for controlling the radio frequency communication distance of a mobile terminal, the method firstly establishes a corresponding near field map for each type of radio frequency mobile terminal on a radio frequency control terminal through a test method; obtaining the matching degree for comparison between the detected field intensity of the current radio frequency mobile terminal and the near field spectrum of the current radio frequency mobile terminal by using a detector array through a matching algorithm; and comparing the obtained matching degree with a preset threshold value corresponding to the type of the radio frequency mobile terminal in the radio frequency control terminal, thereby judging whether the distance between the current radio frequency mobile terminal and the radio frequency control terminal is within a specified range. The method needs to obtain the near-field map of each radio frequency control terminal in advance through methods such as tests and the like, and an application system is complex.
There are many methods for determining the angle of arrival and distance of a signal by using phase differences, and for example, US2437695 discloses a method for accurately calculating the position of a transmitting source by using trigonometric functions by using three receiving devices with known positions and measuring the mutual phase differences between the receiving devices. The method for accurately calculating and determining the position based on the trigonometric formula is also widely applied to a GPS system and is generally suitable for far-field judgment. The method has the problems of large mathematical calculation amount, high system requirement and weak anti-interference capability: when there is an interference object between the signal source and the receiving device, there is a signal reflection, and the phase will be reversed by 180 degrees, and this phase reversal will cause the signal source positioning failure. For such problems, the GPS system often needs to adopt complicated measures such as preventing multipath interference and the like to reduce the influence on the system, which often brings more complicated system design requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a near field distance judgment device and a near field distance judgment method, which realize distance judgment under the condition of UHF frequency band near field communication under the conditions of simple device, small calculation amount and no need of obtaining a near field map of each radio frequency control terminal.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a near field distance judging device comprises a UHF antenna array unit, a phase difference detection unit and a distance judgment algorithm operation unit; the UHF antenna array unit is electrically connected with the phase difference detection unit; the phase difference detection unit is electrically connected with the distance judgment algorithm operation unit; the UHF antenna array unit receives signals generated by the signal source and transmits the signals to the phase difference detection unit for detection; the phase difference detection unit detects the phase of the signal and converts the phase into phase information which can be identified by the distance judgment algorithm operation unit; and the distance judgment algorithm operation unit calculates according to the received phase information to obtain the distance between the signal source and the UHF antenna array unit and judges whether the distance is in a preset range.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the distance between the radio frequency control terminal and the UHF antenna array unit can be judged only by calculating and judging the phase difference of the UHF frequency band signals received by the UHF antenna array unit through the distance judgment algorithm operation unit, the device is simple, the calculated amount is small, and the near field map of each radio frequency control terminal does not need to be acquired in advance.
On the basis of the above technical solutions, the present invention can also be defined as follows.
Further, the UHF antenna array unit is composed of at least 3 groups of antenna pairs.
Further, at least 3 groups of antenna pairs in the UHF antenna array unit are not linearly related to each other.
The further scheme has the advantages that the distance and the angle between the signal source and the antenna array can be calculated according to the linear space theory through at least 3 groups of antenna pairs as long as at least 3 groups of antenna pairs are linearly uncorrelated with each other, namely the connecting lines between two antennas forming each group of antenna pairs are not parallel to each other in at least 3 groups of antenna pairs, so that the purpose of distance judgment is achieved.
Further, the at least 3 sets of antenna pairs are in the same plane.
The further scheme has the advantages that the plane where the 3 groups of antennas are located can be used as a reference plane, the distance of the signal source is calculated and judged, calculation is simplified, calculation time is saved, and results are visual.
Furthermore, in the UHF antenna array unit, each group of antenna pairs are independent from each other.
Furthermore, in the UHF antenna array unit, a plurality of groups of antenna pairs share the same antenna.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned further scheme is that, can be according to the needs of different environment, carry out different adjustment to the arrangement form of antenna pair, adopt the mutual independence between every group antenna pair namely antenna pair between not sharing same antenna or the combination mode of sharing same antenna for near field distance judgement device can obtain the best result, and can suitably reduce antenna quantity according to particular case, in order to save measuring time and measurement cost.
Further, the at least 3 sets of antenna pairs comprise at least 2 sets of positioning antenna pairs and at least 1 set of positioning antenna pairs; the central lines of at least 2 groups of positioning antenna pairs in all the positioning antenna pairs are not parallel to each other; the central lines of all the positioning antenna pairs and the connecting lines or the extension lines between the two antennas of all the positioning antenna pairs intersect at a point.
The signal source positioned right above the base point makes the phase difference of the signals received by all the positioning antenna pairs zero, and then the distance between the signal source and the base point can be obtained through the phase difference of the signals received by the positioning antenna pairs and the position relation of the antenna pairs, so that the calculation process is simplified, and the judgment speed of the near-field distance judgment device is increased.
Furthermore, a connecting line of the positioning antenna to the center forms a regular polygon; and a connecting line of the centering points of the fixed high antenna forms a regular polygon.
Further, the distances between the two antennas in all the positioning antenna pairs are equal; the distance between the two antennas in all the elevated antenna pairs is equal.
The method has the advantages that accurate results can be obtained by simply counting signals transmitted by the signal source, and when the phase difference of the positioning antenna to the received signals is zero, the distance between the signal source and the UHF antenna array unit can be accurately judged through the sum of the phase difference of the positioning antenna to the received signals.
Further, the frequency of the signals received by the UHF antenna array unit is 300MHz-3000 MHz.
The further scheme has the beneficial effect that the distance of the signal source with the frequency of 300MHz-3000MHz can be judged by matching with the radio frequency signal adopting the UHF technology.
Further, in the antenna pair, the distance between the two antennas is less than one wavelength of the received signal.
The method has the advantages that only when the distance between the two antennas is smaller than one wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the near field distance judging device, the phase difference of the same signal received by the two antennas in the same antenna pair can be ensured to be smaller than one period, and therefore the angle and the distance between the UHF signal source and the UHF antenna array unit can be accurately obtained.
Further, the distance determination algorithm operation Unit is an MCU (Micro Controller Unit), or a proprietary arithmetic Unit without a CPU (Central Processing Unit), or a device integrated in other systems and having an operation capability.
The near field distance judging device has the advantages that the distance judging algorithm unit adopted by the near field distance judging device is more flexible in selection, and can be correspondingly selected according to the requirements of different conditions, so that the near field distance judging device is more adaptive, and meanwhile, the manufacturing cost of the near field distance judging device is reduced because the distance judging algorithm operation unit is not required to be specially designed by hardware.
For the phase difference detection unit, various components can be combined or a special chip can be adopted, and the phase difference detection of multiple groups of antennas can be carried out simultaneously or the phase difference detection of only 1 group of antennas can be carried out at the same time. When the phase difference detection unit only detects the phase difference by 1 group of antennas at the same time, the distance judgment algorithm operation unit can control the phase difference detection unit to switch the antennas for detection, and meanwhile, the distance judgment algorithm operation unit caches the relevant phase difference information for subsequent processing.
Therefore, the phase difference detection unit adopted by the invention can adopt different constitution modes according to the requirements of different use environments, and can also carry out signal detection in different modes, thereby enhancing the adaptability of the invention to different environments.
The invention also provides a near field distance judgment method, which comprises the following steps:
step A: the antenna array unit receives the detected signal and executes the step B;
and B: calculating the phase difference of the measured signals according to the measured signals received by the antenna array unit, and executing the step C;
and C: judging whether the phase difference of the positioning antenna in the antenna array unit obtained by calculation to the received signal is zero or not, and executing the step D;
step D: in the step C, if the phase difference of the positioning antenna to the received signal is not zero, executing the step A, otherwise, executing the step E;
step E: the distance of the signal source is calculated by the phase difference of the received signals through the height-fixing antenna, and whether the distance is within the specified distance range is judged.
Further, the phase difference in step B is: the phase difference of signals received by two antennas in each antenna pair in the antenna array unit.
Further, in step C, the phase difference of the received signal is determined by the multiple sets of positioning antennas.
Further, in step E, the phase difference of the received signals is calculated by the multiple groups of fixed-height antennas.
By adopting the near field distance judgment device and the near field distance judgment method, the signal source is adjusted to an ideal test position according to the result of the positioning antenna on the received signal phase difference, and the distance between the signal source and the UHF antenna array unit can be calculated by calculating the received signal phase difference according to the positioning antenna. According to the invention, the near-field map of each radio frequency control terminal does not need to be obtained in advance, and the judgment of the signal source distance can be realized only by modifying individual parameters according to the different arrangement forms of the positioning antenna pair and the height-fixing antenna pair in the UHF antenna array unit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a logic connection diagram of a near field distance determining apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a relationship between a signal source and an antenna pair angle in a UHF antenna array unit of the near field distance determination device according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a distance relationship between a signal source and an antenna in a UHF antenna array unit of the near field distance determination device according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of antenna distribution of a UHF antenna array unit 1 according to a first embodiment of the near field distance determination device of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a spatial distribution diagram of the sum of phase differences of signals received by the pair of positioning antennas (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), (ANT5, ANT1) in the UHF antenna array unit 1 according to the first embodiment of the near-field distance determining apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a spatial distribution diagram of the sum of phase differences of signals received by an elevated antenna pair (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) in the UHF antenna array unit 1 when the height of the signal radiation source from the UHF antenna array unit 1 is H =12 cm in the first embodiment of the near field distance determination apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a spatial distribution diagram of the sum of phase differences of signals received by an elevated antenna pair (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) in the UHF antenna array unit 1 when the height of the signal radiation source from the UHF antenna array unit 1 is H =6 cm in the first embodiment of the near field distance determination apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a spatial distribution diagram of the sum of phase differences of signals received by an elevated antenna pair (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) in the UHF antenna array unit 1 when the height of the signal radiation source from the UHF antenna array unit 1 is H =1 cm in the first embodiment of the near field distance determination apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a graph showing the sum of phase differences at the center of the UHF antenna array unit 1 for the pair of antennas with constant height (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) varying with the height of the signal source according to the near field distance determining apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating the antenna distribution of a UHF antenna array unit 1 according to a second embodiment of the near field distance determination device of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of antenna distribution of a UHF antenna array unit 1 in a third embodiment of the near field distance determination device according to the present invention;
fig. 12 is a flowchart of a near field distance determining method according to the present invention.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below
1. UHF antenna array unit, 2, phase difference detection unit, 3, distance judgment arithmetic operation unit.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the near field distance determining apparatus of the present invention includes a UHF antenna array unit 1, a phase difference detecting unit 2, and a distance determining algorithm operating unit 3; the UHF antenna array unit 1 is electrically connected with the phase difference detection unit 2, the phase difference detection unit 2 is electrically connected with the distance judgment algorithm operation unit 3, and the UHF antenna array unit 1 is composed of at least 3 antenna pairs; the UHF antenna array unit 1 receives signals generated by a signal source and transmits the received signals to the phase difference detection unit 2 for detection, the phase difference detection unit 2 performs phase detection on the received signals and converts the phase detection signals into phase information which can be identified by the distance judgment algorithm operation unit 3, and the distance judgment algorithm operation unit 3 calculates the received phase information to obtain the distance between the signal source and the UHF antenna array unit 1. If necessary, the phase difference detection unit 2 may perform detection of phase differences of multiple antenna pairs simultaneously, or may perform detection of phase differences of only 1 antenna pair, and when the phase difference detection unit 2 performs detection of phase differences of only 1 antenna pair, the distance determination algorithm operation unit 3 may control the phase difference detection unit 2 to switch antenna pairs for detection, and buffer relevant phase difference information for subsequent processing.
The principle of the invention for realizing the UHF signal source near-field distance judgment is shown in fig. 2 and 3. The frequency of a signal received by a UHF antenna array unit 1 of the near field distance judging device is 300MHz-3000MHz, and the distance of a UHF signal source with the working frequency between 300MHz-3000MHz can be detected; corresponding to the frequency of the signal received by the UHF antenna array unit 1, the distance d between the two antennas in each antenna pair forming the UHF antenna array unit 1 is smaller than a wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the signal received by the UHF antenna array unit 1. Only when the distance d between the two antennas is less than a wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the signal received by the UHF antenna array unit 1, the phase difference of the same signal received by the two antennas in the same antenna pair can be guaranteed to be less than a period, so that the distance between the UHF signal source and the UHF antenna array unit 1 can be accurately obtained.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the angular relationship between the signal source and the antenna in the UHF antenna array unit of the near field distance determination device of the present inventionFigure (a). As shown in fig. 2, the distance between two antennas ANT1 and ANT2 in the antenna pair isWavelength of frequency
And the antenna pair satisfies the relationship
The signal source is X, the distance from the signal source X to the antenna pair, namely the distance from the signal source to the midpoint between the antennas ANT1 and ANT2 is S (ANT, X), the distances from the signal source X to the antennas ANT1 and ANT2 are S (ANT1, X) and S (ANT 2, X) respectively, and the angle between the signal source X and the antenna pair, namely the angle between the connecting line from the signal source X to the midpoint between the antennas ANT1 and ANT2 and the connecting line between the two antennas are S (ANT1, X)
。
The phase difference between the two antennas ANT1 and ANT2 receiving the signal from the signal source X is:
wherein,is dependent on
：
When in use
The signal source is located at the center line position X1 of the antennas ANT1 and ANT2, and the phase difference is
；
When in use
When the signal source is located at extension position X2 of antennas ANT1 and ANT2, whenWhen it is out of phase by。
When in use
From
Change toIf the distance S (ANT, X) is kept constant, then it can be simply calculated that the phase difference is fromToMonotonically decreases.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a distance relationship between a signal source and an antenna in a UHF antenna array unit of the near field distance determination device of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the distance between two antennas ANT1 and ANT2 in the antenna pair is
Wavelength of frequency
And the antenna pair satisfies the relationship
The signal source is X, the distance from the signal source X to the antenna pair, namely the distance from the signal source to the midpoint between the antennas ANT1 and ANT2 is S (ANT, X), the distances from the signal source X to the antennas ANT1 and ANT2 are S (ANT1, X) and S (ANT 2, X) respectively, and the angle between the signal source X and the antenna pair, namely the angle between the connecting line from the signal source X to the midpoint between the antennas ANT1 and ANT2 and the connecting line between the two antennas are S (ANT1, X)
。
The phase difference between the two antennas ANT1 and ANT2 receiving the signal from the signal source X is:
when in use
Is not that
And
when and when
When the signal source is unchanged, the phase difference of the signal source at the position X1 and the position X2 is:
when in use
Can simply calculate
。
When in use
The signal source is located at the midpoint of the line between the antennas ANT1 and ANT2, and its phase difference is determined
。
By
It can be known that when
When the distance between the signal source and the connection line between the antennas ANT1 and ANT2 and the extension line thereof gradually increases from 0, the phase difference
And therewith becomes larger.
According to the phase difference of signals received by the antennas ANT1 and ANT2, and the distance d and angle between the two antennas
The distance S (ANT1, X) between the signal source and the antenna pair is calculated.
In the invention, the specific distance judgment algorithm is closely related to the distribution mode of the antenna pairs in the antenna array. In the UHF antenna array unit 1, when the number of antenna pairs is large and the distribution of the antenna pairs satisfies a certain rule, the distance can be determined by simply counting the sum of the phase differences of the received signals by different groups of antennas, which greatly simplifies the calculation process. When only 3 groups of linearly uncorrelated antenna pairs exist in the UHF antenna array unit 1, i.e., the connecting lines between the two antennas in each group of antenna pairs are not parallel to each other, the distance between the signal source and the UHF antenna array unit 1 can be determined only by performing complex equation set operation according to the relative positions of the antenna pairs. The algorithm can group the antenna pairs, and adopts mathematical methods such as summation, weighting and mean square error, even equation solving, and the like, or comprehensively utilizes the methods for judgment.
The principles and features of this invention are further described below in the context of specific embodiments, which are intended to be illustrative only and not limiting as to the scope of the invention.
Example one
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of antenna distribution of the UHF antenna array unit 1 according to the first embodiment of the near field distance determination device of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the UHF antenna array unit 1 includes 4 sets of positioning antenna pairs (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), (ANT5, ANT1) and 4 sets of elevation antenna pairs (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) in the same plane; the antennas ANT1, ANT3, ANT5 and ANT7 are respectively and simultaneously used by 2 groups of positioning antenna pairs and 1 group of height-fixing antenna pairs, and the antennas ANT2, ANT4, ANT6 and ANT8 are respectively and only used by 1 group of height-fixing antenna pairs; a central line of a connecting line between two antennas of the positioning antenna pair (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), (ANT5, ANT1) intersects extension lines of connecting lines between two antennas of the positioning antenna pair (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) at a point; connecting lines of midpoints of positioning antenna pairs (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), (ANT5, ANT1) form a regular quadrangle, and connecting lines of midpoints of positioning antenna pairs (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) form a regular quadrangle; distances d (ANT1, ANT3), d (ANT3, ANT7), d (ANT7, ANT5), and d (ANT5, ANT1) between two antennas in the pair of positioning antennas (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), (ANT5, ANT1) are all equal; distances d (ANT1, ANT2), d (ANT3, ANT4), d (ANT5, ANT6), and d (ANT7, ANT8) between two antennas in the height-fixed antenna pair (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) are all equal.
According to the geometric principle, when the phase difference of the signals received by the positioning antenna pairs (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), (ANT5, ANT1) is stable and tends to zero at the same time, the position of the signal emission source can be determined to be right above the UHF antenna array unit 1, at this time, according to the geometric principle, the phase difference of the signals received by the positioning antenna pairs (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) is proportional to the height of the signal emission source, and then the height of the signal emission source can be calculated according to the magnitude of the phase difference, and whether the height is within a predetermined range is judged.
Fig. 5 is a spatial distribution diagram of the sum of phase differences of signals received by the pair of positioning antennas (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), (ANT5, ANT1) in the UHF antenna array unit 1 according to the first embodiment of the near-field distance determining apparatus of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, when the signal emission source is located right above the middle of the UHF antenna array unit 1, the sum of the phase differences of the signals received by the pair of positioning antennas (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), (ANT5, ANT1) tends to zero.
As shown in fig. 6, 7, and 8, when the height of the signal source from the UHF antenna array unit 1 is from H =12 cm through H =6 cm to H =1 cm, when the signal source is directly above the center of the UHF antenna array unit 1, that is, when the sum of the signal phase differences received by the pair of positioning antennas (ANT1, ANT3), (ANT3, ANT7), (ANT7, ANT5), (ANT5, ANT1) in fig. 5 tends to zero, the change in the sum of the signal phase differences received by the pair of positioning antennas (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) is larger, that is, when the center position of the UHF antenna array unit 1, the sum of the signal phase differences received by the pair of positioning antennas (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT 2, ANT 69556, ANT 8653) is larger as the sum of the signal phase differences received by the number of the signal source 8653 is larger.
Fig. 9 reflects a variation relationship between the sum of phase differences of signals received by the pair of antennas for high antenna (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT7, ANT8) and the height of a signal transmission source when the UHF antenna array unit 1 is at the center position. From this relationship, the distance between the signal transmission source and the UHF antenna array unit 1 can be determined by the sum of the phase differences of the signals received by the pair of fixed-height antennas (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT5, ANT6), and (ANT7, ANT8), and it can be further determined whether or not the distance is a distance required by the system.
The phase difference detection unit 2 performs phase detection on a signal received by the UHF antenna array unit 1 shown in fig. 4, and converts the signal into phase information that can be identified by the distance judgment algorithm operation unit 3, and the distance judgment algorithm operation unit 3 performs corresponding calculation on the received phase information to obtain the distance between the signal source and the UHF antenna array unit 1.
Example two
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of antenna distribution of the UHF antenna array unit 1 according to the second embodiment of the near field distance determination device of the present invention. As shown in fig. 10, the UHF antenna array unit 1 includes 3 sets of positioning antenna pairs (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10) and 3 sets of positioning antenna pairs (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12) in the same plane; antennas ANT3, ANT4, ANT7, ANT8, ANT9, ANT10 are used for only 1 set of positioning antenna pairs respectively, and antennas ANT1, ANT2, ANT5, ANT6, ANT11, ANT12 are used for only 1 set of positioning antenna pairs respectively; a central line of a connecting line between two antennas of the positioning antenna pair (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10) intersects extension lines of connecting lines between two antennas of the positioning antenna pair (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12) at one point; connecting lines of middle points of the positioning antenna pairs (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9 and ANT10) form a regular triangle, and connecting lines of middle points of the positioning antenna pairs (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11 and ANT12) form a regular triangle; distances d (ANT3, ANT4), d (ANT7, ANT8) and d (ANT9, ANT10) between two antennas in the positioning antenna pair (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8) and (ANT9, ANT10) are all equal; distances d (ANT1, ANT2), d (ANT5, ANT6) and d (ANT11, ANT12) between two antennas in the height-fixed antenna pair (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6) and (ANT11, ANT12) are all equal.
When the signal source is located right above the center of the UHF antenna array unit 1 shown in fig. 10, the phase difference of the signals received by the pair of positioning antennas (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10) is stable and tends to zero at the same time; according to the geometric principle, the phase difference of the signals received by the pair of antennas (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12) at this time increases as the distance between the signal source and the UHF antenna array unit 1 decreases. The distance between the signal transmission source and the UHF antenna array unit 1 can be determined from the magnitude of the phase difference between the signals received by the pair of fixed antennas (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), and (ANT11, ANT12), and it is further determined whether the distance is the distance required by the system.
The phase difference detection unit 2 performs phase detection on a signal received by the UHF antenna array unit 1 shown in fig. 10, and converts the signal into phase information that can be identified by the distance judgment algorithm operation unit 3, and the distance judgment algorithm operation unit 3 performs corresponding calculation on the received phase information to obtain the distance between the signal source and the UHF antenna array unit 1, and judges whether the distance is within a predetermined range.
EXAMPLE III
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of antenna distribution of a UHF antenna array unit 1 according to a third embodiment of the near field distance determination device of the present invention. As shown in fig. 11, the UHF antenna array unit 1 includes 4 sets of positioning antenna pairs (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10), (ANT13, ANT14) and 4 sets of high-setting antenna pairs (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12), (ANT15, ANT 16); antennas ANT3, ANT4, ANT7, ANT8, ANT9, ANT10, ANT13 and ANT14 are used only for 1 set of positioning antenna pairs, and antennas ANT1, ANT2, ANT5, ANT6, ANT11, ANT12, ANT15 and ANT16 are used only for 1 set of positioning antenna pairs; a central line of a connecting line between two antennas of the positioning antenna pair (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10), (ANT13, ANT14) intersects extension lines of connecting lines between two antennas of the positioning antenna pair (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12), (ANT15, ANT16) at a point; connecting lines of midpoints of positioning antenna pairs (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10), (ANT13, ANT14) form a regular quadrangle, and connecting lines of midpoints of positioning antenna pairs (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12), (ANT15, ANT16) form a regular quadrangle; distances d (ANT3, ANT4), d (ANT7, ANT8), d (ANT9, ANT10), and d (ANT13, ANT14) between two antennas in the pair of positioning antennas (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10), (ANT13, ANT14) are all equal; distances d (ANT1, ANT2), d (ANT5, ANT6), d (ANT11, ANT12), and d (ANT15, ANT16) between two antennas in the height-fixed antenna pair (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12), (ANT15, ANT16) are all equal.
When the signal source is located right above the center of the UHF antenna array unit 1 shown in fig. 11, the phase difference of the signals received by the pair of positioning antennas (ANT3, ANT4), (ANT7, ANT8), (ANT9, ANT10), (ANT13, ANT14) is stable and tends to zero at the same time; according to the geometric principle, the phase difference of the signals received by the pair of antennas (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12), (ANT15, ANT16) at this time increases as the distance between the signal source and the UHF antenna array unit 1 decreases. The distance between the signal transmission source and the UHF antenna array unit 1 can be determined from the magnitude of the phase difference between the signals received by the pair of fixed-height antennas (ANT1, ANT2), (ANT5, ANT6), (ANT11, ANT12), and (ANT15, ANT16), and it is further determined whether the distance is the distance required by the system.
The phase difference detection unit 2 performs phase detection on a signal received by the UHF antenna array unit 1 shown in fig. 11, and converts the signal into phase information that can be identified by the distance judgment algorithm operation unit 3, and the distance judgment algorithm operation unit 3 performs corresponding calculation on the received phase information to obtain the distance between the signal source and the UHF antenna array unit 1, and judges whether the distance is within a predetermined range.
The phase difference detection unit 2 may be formed by combining various components, or may be formed by using a dedicated chip, and may perform phase difference information of multiple antenna pairs at the same time, or may detect only phase difference information of one antenna pair at the same time. When the phase difference detection unit 2 can only detect phase difference information of one antenna pair, the distance judgment algorithm operation unit 3 has certain control capability and information caching capability, can control the phase difference detection unit 2 to switch antenna pairs for detection, and caches related phase difference information for subsequent processing.
According to the requirements of different environments and different occasions, an MCU or a special arithmetic unit without a CPU or a device with arithmetic capability integrated in other systems can be used as the distance judgment arithmetic operation unit 3, so that the distance judgment arithmetic operation unit 3 does not need to be specially designed by hardware, the manufacturing cost of the near field distance judgment device of the invention is reduced, and the selection of the carrier of the distance judgment arithmetic operation unit 3 is more flexible.
The present invention also provides a near field distance determining method, as shown in fig. 12, the method includes:
step A: the antenna array unit receives the detected signal and executes the step B;
and B: calculating the phase difference of the measured signals according to the measured signals received by the antenna array unit, and executing the step C;
and C: judging whether the phase difference of the positioning antenna in the antenna array unit obtained by calculation to the received signal is zero or not, and executing the step D;
step D: in the step C, if the phase difference of the positioning antenna to the received signal is not zero, executing the step A, otherwise, executing the step E;
step E: the distance of the signal source is calculated by the phase difference of the received signals through the height-fixing antenna, and whether the distance is within the specified distance range is judged.
Thus, the distance judgment process of the signal source is completed.
In the process of using the near field distance judgment method provided by the invention, in order to quickly and accurately judge the distance of the signal source, the method can also be limited as follows:
in the step B, only the phase difference of signals received by the two antennas in each group of antenna pairs in the antenna array unit is calculated, and the phase difference of the two antennas which do not belong to the same group of antenna pairs is not calculated, so that the calculation amount of the phase difference is reduced, and the judgment speed of the method is improved; in the step C, the phase difference of the received signals is judged by the multiple groups of positioning antennas so as to ensure the accuracy of signal source positioning; in step E, the phase differences of the received signals by the multiple groups of fixed-height antennas are calculated to ensure the accuracy of the distance judgment of the signal source.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (16)
1. A near field distance judging device is characterized in that: the system comprises a UHF antenna array unit, a phase difference detection unit and a distance judgment algorithm operation unit; the UHF antenna array unit is electrically connected with the phase difference detection unit; the phase difference detection unit is electrically connected with the distance judgment algorithm operation unit; the UHF antenna array unit receives signals generated by the signal source and transmits the signals to the phase difference detection unit for detection; the phase difference detection unit detects the phase of the signal and converts the phase into phase information which can be identified by the distance judgment algorithm operation unit; and the distance judgment algorithm operation unit calculates according to the received phase information to obtain the distance between the signal source and the UHF antenna array unit and judges whether the distance is in a preset range.
2. The near field distance determination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the UHF antenna array unit is composed of at least 3 groups of antenna pairs.
3. The near field distance determination device according to claim 2, characterized in that: at least 3 groups of antenna pairs in the UHF antenna array unit are not linearly related to each other.
4. The near field distance determination device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the at least 3 sets of antenna pairs are in the same plane.
5. The near field distance determination device according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the UHF antenna array unit, each group of antenna pairs are mutually independent.
6. The near field distance determination device according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the UHF antenna array unit, a plurality of groups of antenna pairs share the same antenna.
7. The near field distance determination device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the at least 3 sets of antenna pairs comprise at least 2 sets of positioning antenna pairs and at least 1 set of high-setting antenna pairs; the central lines of at least 2 groups of positioning antenna pairs in all the positioning antenna pairs are not parallel to each other; the central lines of all the positioning antenna pairs and the connecting lines or the extension lines between the two antennas of all the positioning antenna pairs intersect at a point.
8. The near field distance determination device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the connecting line of the centering points of the positioning antennas forms a regular polygon; and a connecting line of the centering points of the fixed high antenna forms a regular polygon.
9. The near field distance determination device according to claim 8, characterized in that: the distances between the two antennas in all the positioning antenna pairs are equal; the distance between the two antennas in all the elevated antenna pairs is equal.
10. The near field distance determination device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the frequency of the signals received by the UHF antenna array unit is 300MHz-3000 MHz.
11. The near field distance determination device according to claim 10, characterized in that: in the antenna pair, the distance between the two antennas is less than one wavelength of the received signal.
12. The near field distance determination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance judgment algorithm operation unit is an MCU, or a special arithmetic unit without a CPU, or a device integrated in other systems and provided with operation capability.
13. A near field distance judgment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A: the antenna array unit receives the detected signal and executes the step B;
and B: calculating the phase difference of the measured signals according to the measured signals received by the antenna array unit, and executing the step C;
and C: judging whether the phase difference of the positioning antenna in the antenna array unit obtained by calculation to the received signal is zero or not, and executing the step D;
step D: in the step C, if the phase difference of the positioning antenna to the received signal is not zero, executing the step A, otherwise, executing the step E;
step E: the distance of the signal source is calculated by the phase difference of the received signals through the height-fixing antenna, and whether the distance is within the specified distance range is judged.
14. The near field distance determination method according to claim 13, characterized in that: the phase difference in the step B is as follows: the phase difference of signals received by two antennas in each antenna pair in the antenna array unit.
15. The near field distance determination method according to claim 13, characterized in that: and C, judging the phase difference of the received signals by the multiple groups of positioning antennas.
16. The near field distance determination method according to claim 13, characterized in that: and E, calculating the phase difference of the received signals by the multiple groups of height-fixed antennas.
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