CN102185519B - Mode conversion type piezoelectric thread transmission linear ultrasonic motor - Google Patents

Mode conversion type piezoelectric thread transmission linear ultrasonic motor Download PDF

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CN102185519B
CN102185519B CN 201110120487 CN201110120487A CN102185519B CN 102185519 B CN102185519 B CN 102185519B CN 201110120487 CN201110120487 CN 201110120487 CN 201110120487 A CN201110120487 A CN 201110120487A CN 102185519 B CN102185519 B CN 102185519B
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mover
stator
piezoelectric ceramic
longitudinal vibration
modal transformation
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CN102185519A (en
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朱华
时运来
刘卫东
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Abstract

The invention discloses a mode conversion type piezoelectric thread transmission linear ultrasonic motor which comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator comprises a support bracket, a longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic wafer module unit and a longitudinal-torsional mode converter, wherein the centre of the support bracket is provided with an annular slice used to fix the motor, and the longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic wafer unit is fixed between the support bracket and the longitudinal-torsional mode converter by means of thread compaction; and the rotor is a cylinder of which the cylindrical surface is processed with an external thread and is matched with the internal thread of the longitudinal-torsional mode converter via the external thread. The motor provided by the invention has a simple structure, is convenient to process, assemble, install and use, and has high working efficiency, high output precision and a wide application range.

Description

Mode conversion type piezoelectric thread transmission linear ultrasonic motor
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of linear type ultrasound motor, particularly a kind of mode conversion type piezoelectric thread transmission linear ultrasonic motor.
Background technology
Ultrasound electric machine is to utilize the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramic and the novel electrical micro-machine of ultrasonic vibration, have that low speed high torque, volume are little, lightweight, compact conformation, response are fast, low noise, without the controlled outstanding advantages such as good of electromagnetic interference, position and speed, have a wide range of applications in fields such as Industry Control, precision instrumentation, Aero-Space, automobile specified electrical equipment, intelligent robot and medical instruments.Ultrasound electric machine can be divided into two large classes according to required driving source: the one, produce the required vibration of stator by the excitation of two-phase power supply, and the 2nd, encourage by single phase poaer supply and obtain the required vibration of stator, MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A type ultrasound electric machine belongs to Equations of The Second Kind; Can be divided into two classes again by its method that realizes MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A: the one, produce the mode of conversion by the coupling between stator, rotor structures.The 2nd, utilize the structure of stator body to produce the mode of conversion.
Mode conversion type piezoelectric thread transmission linear ultrasonic motor is linear movement output directly, has simultaneously higher the linear positions, compares with other ultrasound electric machines to have advantages of simple in structure, the only single-phase excitation of need.
Based on above analysis, the inventor attempts to research and develop a kind of mode conversion type piezoelectric thread transmission linear ultrasonic motor, and this case produces thus.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for the defective in aforementioned background art and deficiency, and a kind of mode conversion type piezoelectric thread transmission linear ultrasonic motor is provided, it is simple in structure, is convenient to processing, assembling, installs and use high efficiency, output accuracy is high, applied range.
The present invention is for solving above technical problem, and the technical scheme that adopts is:
A kind of mode conversion type piezoelectric thread transmission linear ultrasonic motor, comprise stator and mover, described stator comprises bracing frame, longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group and longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device, wherein, be provided with the ring plate for fixed electrical machinery in the middle of bracing frame, the mode that longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group compresses by screw thread is fixed between bracing frame and longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device; Described mover is to be processed with externally threaded cylinder on external cylindrical surface, by the screw-internal thread fit on external screw thread and longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device.
Above-mentioned longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group is that the longitudinal vibration ring piezoelectric stacks or the annular longitudinal vibration potsherd ordered arrangement of unidirectional polarization forms.
After adopting such scheme, the present invention utilizes the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramic piece, swash and elastomeric extensional vibration, owing to having groove on elastomer, this extensional vibration is converted into twisting vibration, rubbing action by screw thread pair rotates mover and vertically along traveling priority, and the linear type ultrasound motor that is developed into.
In the front half period, stator drives more than screw thread is in its extensional vibration equilbrium position, fixed and moving son contact, and the torsional oscillation speed that stator has it is passed to rotor by the rubbing action between fixed and moving sub-screw thread pair, and mover is also rotated; In the later half cycle, stator drives screw thread and is in below its extensional vibration equilbrium position, disengages between fixed and moving sub-screw thread, and the reverse torsional oscillation speed that stator has passes less than mover, and mover relies on its inertia to continue to be rotated counterclockwise.Due to the rubbing action between screw thread pair, rotatablely moving of mover just is converted into mover rectilinear motion longitudinally.
The difference of the longitudinal-torsional compound ultrasonic motor maximum of this type motor and other type is exactly that it does not need two groups of piezoelectric ceramic to come longitudinal vibration mode and the torsional oscillation mode of exciting electric, only need one group of longitudinal vibration potsherd (d33 effect) excitation, can convert extensional vibration to twisting vibration by the effect of MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device.Thereby there is not the conforming problem of model frequency in this motor in theory, has facilitated widely the design of motor from design angle.In fact, longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A type ultrasound electric machine only has an operation mode, i.e. longitrorse coupled mode, and its rotating is respectively to carry out work under the longitrorse coupled mode of two different frequencies.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural front view of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural front view of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the B-B cutaway view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the bending vibation mode picture of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the bending vibation mode picture of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 puts on the piezoelectric ceramic group to realize motor forward and reverse electric excitation signal;
Fig. 8 is the operation principle schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 is the operation principle schematic diagram of second embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below with reference to drawings and the specific embodiments, structure of the present invention is elaborated.
The invention provides a kind of mode conversion type piezoelectric thread transmission linear ultrasonic motor, comprise stator and mover, stationary part is comprised of bracing frame, longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group and longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device, in the middle of support frame as described above, ring plate is used for fixed electrical machinery, bracing frame is extended with outer surface and is processed with externally threaded pipe, is used for installing longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group and longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device; Longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group adopts the ring-type piezoelectric ceramic piece, is sleeved on stretching out on pipe of bracing frame; Longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device is connected pipe with bracing frame by internal thread external screw thread connects, and for longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group provides pretightning force, wherein bracing frame, longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group and longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device form a sandwich Langevin-type transducer structure.Described mover is to be processed with externally threaded cylinder on external cylindrical surface, by the screw-internal thread fit on external screw thread and longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device.The present invention is described in detail below with reference to concrete enforcement structure.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, be the first enforcement structure of the stator of mode conversion type piezoelectric thread transmission linear ultrasonic motor provided by the present invention, comprise bracing frame 1, longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group 2 and longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3.
Described longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group comprises two groups, and first group comprises longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece 2-1 and longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece 2-2, and second group comprises longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece 2-3 and longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece 2-4; Described longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3 comprises longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3-1 and longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3-2.Above-mentioned two groups of longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece 2-1,2-2 and 2-3,2-4 grouping are sleeved on the two ends of bracing frame 1 and stretch out on pipe, form symmetrical structure.Described longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3-1 and 3-2 are threaded connection respectively at the two ends of support frame as described above 1 and stretch out on pipe, form symmetrical structure.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the mover 4 of the mode conversion type piezoelectric thread transmission linear ultrasonic motor in the present embodiment for being processed with externally threaded cylinder, coordinates by screw thread and above-mentioned longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3-1,3-2.
Described longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3-1,3-2 are round tubes, have the structure that array rectangular channel or array circular hole etc. have longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A function on its tube wall, and inside one end of round tube are processed with internal thread.
Described longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece 2-1,2-2,2-3,2-4 are circular ring-type potsherd, every piezoelectric ceramic piece electroplate, subregion not, unidirectional polarization.Piezoelectric ceramic piece after polarization is subjected to electric field action can produce distortion.D33 piezoelectric effect due to piezoelectric ceramic, piezoelectric ceramic piece is under the changing electric field effect, vertical shortening (or elongation) 5 and 6 as shown in Figure 5 can occur, pass through respectively the conversion of longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3, obtain as shown in Figure 5 with longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3 on rotation direction identical (or counterclockwise) clockwise of groove reverse 7 and 8, both coupling obtains the longitrorse coupled mode, drives described mover 4 rotations, due to the effect of threaded engagement, mover 4 reveals rectilinear motion at vertical table.
Please refer to Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4, is that the second of the present invention is implemented structure again, comprises bracing frame 1, longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group 2 and longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3.
Described longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group 2 comprises longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece 2-1 and longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece 2-2.Above-mentioned longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece 2-1,2-2 are sleeved on stretching out on pipe of bracing frame 1.Described longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3 is threaded connection stretching out on pipe at support frame as described above 1.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the mover 4 of the mode conversion type piezoelectric thread transmission linear ultrasonic motor in this enforcement structure for being processed with externally threaded cylinder, coordinates by screw thread and above-mentioned longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3.
Described longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3 is round tubes, have the structure that array rectangular channel or array circular hole etc. have longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A function on its tube wall, and inside one end of round tube is processed with internal thread.
Described longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece 2-1,2-2 are circular ring-type potsherd, every piezoelectric ceramic piece electroplate, subregion not, unidirectional polarization.Piezoelectric ceramic piece after polarization is subjected to electric field action can produce distortion.D33 piezoelectric effect due to piezoelectric ceramic, piezoelectric ceramic piece is under the changing electric field effect, vertical shortening (or elongation) 9 as shown in Figure 6 can occur, conversion through longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3, obtain as shown in Figure 6 with longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3 on rotation direction identical (or clockwise) counterclockwise of groove reverse 10, both coupling obtains the longitrorse coupled mode, drives described mover 4 rotations, due to the effect of threaded engagement, mover 4 reveals rectilinear motion at vertical table.
In addition, adopt sawtooth signal as shown in Figure 7 to be the driving signal, waveform begins to rise from an a, and the driving mover produces the rotation as Fig. 8 and A direction shown in Figure 9.Can see sawtooth signal before arriving peak point b with a very little slope climbed, the voltage signal that is added on longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group 2 at peak point b place reaches maximum, the distortion of longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group 2 also reaches maximum.Because magnitude of voltage is climbed, so there is no relative sliding between the matching thread of longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3 and mover 4, mover 4 can rotate a short distance on the A direction.The signal of telecommunication causes longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3 generation suddenly as the motion of Fig. 8 and B direction shown in Figure 9 from peak point b to descending suddenly minimum point c.Because this motion is very fast, the meetings such as mechanics of system characteristic such as inertia and friction engagement hinder mover 4 to follow the axial motion of longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device 3.The waveform signal of CYCLIC LOADING from an a to c can obtain the persistent movement that mover 4 produces A direction as shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 and so forth, and this makes mover produce the motion of precession.
Above embodiment only for explanation technological thought of the present invention, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this, every technological thought that proposes according to the present invention, and any change of doing on the technical scheme basis is within all falling into protection range of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a mode conversion type piezoelectric thread transmission linear ultrasonic motor, comprise stator and mover, and described mover is to be processed with externally threaded cylinder on external cylindrical surface; Described stator comprises bracing frame, longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group and longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device, wherein, is provided with the ring plate for fixed electrical machinery in the middle of bracing frame; It is characterized in that: described longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group is that the longitudinal vibration ring piezoelectric stacks or the annular longitudinal vibration potsherd ordered arrangement of unidirectional polarization forms, and the mode that longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group compresses by screw thread is fixed between bracing frame and longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device; Described longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device is to have the round tube that array rectangular channel or array circular hole have longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A functional structure on tube wall, and inside one end of round tube is processed with the internal thread that matches with external screw thread on the mover external cylindrical surface; Described longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece group adopts sawtooth signal as driving signal, driving longitudinal vibration potsherd group generation extensional vibration under the signal excitation, forces the longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device that compresses with it contact to produce extensional vibration; Described longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A device utilizes array rectangular channel or the array circular hole on tube wall that extensional vibration is converted into twisting vibration, produces the longitrorse coupled mode; In the front half period that drives signal, stator drives more than screw thread is in its extensional vibration equilbrium position, fixed and moving son contact, and stator is passed to rotor to the torsional oscillation speed that it has by the rubbing action between fixed and moving sub-screw thread pair, and mover is also rotated; In the later half cycle that drives signal, stator drives screw thread and is in below its extensional vibration equilbrium position, disengages between fixed and moving sub-screw thread, and the reverse torsional oscillation speed that stator has passes less than mover, and mover relies on its inertia to continue rotation; Stator acts on mover by this rubbing action and inertia disengaging mode, makes mover output linear longitudinal movement when rotating.
CN 201110120487 2011-05-11 2011-05-11 Mode conversion type piezoelectric thread transmission linear ultrasonic motor Active CN102185519B (en)

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