CN102185405A - Bipolar type radial hybrid excitation permanent magnet multi-phase excitation generator - Google Patents
Bipolar type radial hybrid excitation permanent magnet multi-phase excitation generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN102185405A CN102185405A CN 201010132829 CN201010132829A CN102185405A CN 102185405 A CN102185405 A CN 102185405A CN 201010132829 CN201010132829 CN 201010132829 CN 201010132829 A CN201010132829 A CN 201010132829A CN 102185405 A CN102185405 A CN 102185405A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bipolar type radial hybrid excitation permanent magnet multi-phase excitation generator and belongs to the field of automobile electrical facilities. The generator is mainly characterized in that armature windings are the armature windings with completely identical n phases; the armature windings of all phases in the n phases respectively cross n poles on a stator iron core for winding insertion in sequence; the phase difference of the armature windings is 360/n degrees; and each magnetic pole of a permanent magnetic rotor and each magnetic pole of electric excitation stator are axially aligned, have the same polarity and correspond to the n poles on the stator iron core. The generator has the advantages of simple claw shape, uniform magnetization, high utilization degree, simple and reliable voltage stabilization, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of radially bipolar system permanent magnetism and excitation composite excitation multiphase generator, belong to the car electrics field.
Background technology
Automobile industry is being brought into play more and more important effect as the pillar industry of China in social economy.Generator is an electrical equipment important on the automobile, has also formed a very big research field and industry.People require more and more higher to car comfort, so the power of alternator for vehicle is also increasing, the generator of present medium-to-high grade automobile is generally all about 1KW.
Increase along with generator power, the number of phases of its stator winding carries out the transition to the three-phase (about 900W) that generally adopts now from single-phase (about 150W), two-phase (about 450W), but when generator power reaches the 1KW left and right sides, will occur that voltage fluctuation is too big, armature reaction is strengthened, efficient reduces, rectifier diode is because of the load problems such as increase, life-span reduction of generating heat too greatly.
The permanent magnet generator that grew up in recent years, having solved permanent magnet generator increases with rotating speed that voltage raises rapidly, the nonadjustable problem of voltage, is widely used in low speed, low power vehicle, and has obtained very big economic and social benefit.But they also exist mid power (about 1KW) voltage stabilizing difficulty, shortcoming that the voltage stabilizing cost is too high.
Adopt CN1707938 disclosed " Hybrid Vehicle rectifying pressurizer " to realize rectifying and voltage-stabilizing as CN1677793 disclosed " four-phase permanent-magnet generator for electric hybrid vehicle ", be fit to the requirement of low speed, small power generator fully; But to be exactly that aforementioned applications voltage stabilizing difficulty, voltage stabilizing cost when the mid power generator are too high cause problems such as whole generating machine cost is too high to the major issue that faces; Because every permanent magnet is corresponding with per four stator core pole, as if adopting tile permanent magnet (pole shoe along the circumferential direction thickness is identical), then processing cost height, percent defective increase when easily producing big additional air gap, installation because of machining accuracy is low; If adopt strip permanent magnet, then the magnetic field that in air gap, produces by pole shoe inhomogeneous (because pole shoe thin, the thick middle in both sides along the circumferential direction, in order to obtain sinusoidal waveform) thus cause that the sinusoidal aberration rate of voltage waveform strengthens, efficient reduces (experimental results show that the tile permanent magnet low about 3.5% than identical table area).
Summary of the invention
The invention reside in and address the above problem, provide that a kind of magnetic field makes full use of, direct current, rectifier the heating few life-span is long, the simple and reliable cost of voltage stabilizing the is low radially bipolar system permanent magnetism and the excitation composite excitation multiphase generator of output voltage stabilization in wide speed range.Be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of radially bipolar system permanent magnetism and excitation composite excitation multiphase generator comprise front end housing, rear end cap, rotating shaft, rectifier, pressurizer, electric excitation rotor, the p-m rotor that is made of rotor core, permanent magnet, the stator that is made of stator core, armature winding; Be installed in p-m rotor and the shared armature winding of electric excitation rotor in the rotating shaft, the magnetic potential of generation is in magnetic circuit and be unified into; The head end of armature winding is connected to the cathode output end of generator, and the tail end of armature winding connects the input of rectifier, pressurizer respectively, to realize rectification, voltage stabilizing;
Described armature winding is the mutually identical armature winding of n, and the every phase armature winding of n in mutually all strides across n the utmost point rule successively on the stator core respectively, and the phase difference of above-mentioned armature winding is the 360/n degree, and n is the integer more than or equal to 4;
Described permanent magnet is a 2m piece strip permanent magnet, and m is the even number more than or equal to 2, and two water magnets of identical polar are close mutually, per two permanent magnet spaces of opposed polarity and evenly distribute along circumference;
Each magnetic pole of p-m rotor and each magnetic pole of electric excitation rotor axially align, polarity is identical and all with stator core on every n extremely corresponding; Each magnetic pole of described p-m rotor is every adjacent two permanent magnets that polarity is identical.
The electricity excitation rotor is a claw-pole structure, comprises the pawl utmost point, ring flange, excitation winding; Each magnetic pole of described electric excitation rotor is each pawl utmost point.
The electricity excitation rotor is two claw-pole structures, comprises the pawl utmost point, ring flange, excitation winding; The ring flange of excitation winding both sides is involutory, connects 2m the pawl utmost point on each ring flange, and adjacent two pawls on the same ring flange are close extremely mutually, and per two pawls on the different ring flanges stagger extremely mutually and along the circumferential direction evenly distribute; Each magnetic pole of described electric excitation rotor is every adjacent two the pawl utmost points on the same ring flange.
The electricity excitation rotor is a salient-pole structure, comprises field spider iron core, excitation winding; Excitation winding is the rule coiling separately of the N utmost point, the S utmost point by feeding the polarity that the convex surface of salient pole produces behind the direct current, the equal turn numbers of excitation winding on each salient pole; Each magnetic pole of described electric excitation rotor is each salient pole.
Described rectifier comprises 2n diode, constitutes n phase bridge rectifier.Described rectifier comprises 3n diode, constitutes 3n pipe rectifier.Described pressurizer is made up of reference circuit, comparison circuit, control circuit, circuits for triggering, H bridge.Also comprise vacuum pump; Vacuum pump is made up of the pump housing, the pump rotor and the pump cover that are installed in the pump housing, and pump rotor matches with the spline of described rotating shaft, and the pump housing is installed on the pump cover by bolt, and pump cover is installed on the described rear end cap by bolt.
Operation principle:
When alternator shaft rotates, stator armature winding cutting by p-m rotor magnetic field, electric excitation rotor magnetic field in air gap and the radial magnetic field that is unified into, thereby outwards export electric energy by armature winding;
Because described armature winding is the mutually identical armature winding of n, the every phase armature winding of n in mutually all strides across n the utmost point rule successively on the stator core respectively, and the phase difference of above-mentioned armature winding is the 360/n degree, and n is the integer more than or equal to 4;
Described permanent magnet is a 2m piece strip permanent magnet, and m is the even number more than or equal to 2, and two permanent magnets of identical polar are close mutually, per two permanent magnet spaces of opposed polarity and evenly distribute along circumference;
Each magnetic pole of p-m rotor and each magnetic pole of electric excitation rotor axially align, polarity is identical and all with stator core on every n extremely corresponding; Each magnetic pole of described p-m rotor is every adjacent two permanent magnets that polarity is identical.
So the output of n phase armature winding is the mutually identical alternating current of n, phase difference is the 360/n degree.The mutually identical alternating current of said n is realized rectification by rectifier, the size and Orientation that feeds the excitation winding electric current by pressurizer control is realized voltage stabilizing, thereby make the generator output voltage galvanic current, can charge a battery, also can directly give the vehicle mounted electric power supply.
The advantage of comparison prior art of the present invention is:
1, p-m rotor adopts bar permanent magnet, and relatively the tile permanent magnet is easy to processing, assembling, and percent defective reduces; Easy and pole shoe forms precision-fit, thereby reduces additional air gap, reduces leakage field.
2, the present invention adopts the bipolar permanent magnet rotor structure of radial, though the permanent magnet blocks number is increased to two times, usable floor area does not but increase; The surface area of every permanent magnet reduces, and the processing percent defective reduces (if be generally about excitation direction length 2mm with Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic, Bao Ernan processing).
3, with respect to the structure that adopts the corresponding every n utmost point of a strip permanent magnet, two circumferential strip permanent magnets more approach the tile permanent magnet, the pole shoe that is cooperated thickness difference along the circumferential direction reduces, more even by the magnetic field that pole shoe produces in air gap, the sinusoidal aberration rate of voltage waveform reduces, efficient increases; Because efficient increases, can adopt permanent magnet still less, thereby reduce cost.
4, the present invention is because the generator number of phases is many, and frequency is low, and every phase winding number of turn is few, and the armature winding synchronous reactance is little, so reactive loss is few, and effective output is big; The mutually identical alternating current of stator armature winding output n, again through over commutation, pressure stabilization function with output DC, this makes, and output voltage ripple reduces, the sinusoidal aberration rate of voltage waveform reduces, output voltage quality height.
5, under the condition of the diode that all uses same model, rectifier of the present invention can carry more powerful load, thereby heat production reduces relatively, and the life-span increases.
6, compare the p-m rotor generator, the present invention adopts the composite excitation structure, can utilize the magnetic energy of permanent magnet more fully; Realize voltage stabilizing by regulating the size and Orientation that feeds the electric current in the electric excitation rotor excitation winding, have the advantage that voltage stabilizing is simple and reliable, the voltage stabilizing cost is low, the output voltage quality is high, be particularly suitable for mid power (about 1KW) alternator for vehicle field.
If 7 electric excitation rotors adopt two claw-pole structures, then compare monodactyle utmost point rotor structure, be more suitable for heterogeneous middle low power generator; This structure makes pawl number of poles order increase, and pawl utmost point shape, processing are simple, and cost is low; More can bring into play pawl pole rotor type generator magnetization evenly, excitation winding utilization of power degree height, advantage of low manufacturing cost;
Because the electric generating acc power is less relatively, pawl number of poles order is few, if adopt the structure of heterogeneous (more than or equal to 4) again, promptly each pawl utmost point is corresponding with a plurality of stator core pole, and the number that can cause the pawl utmost point still less, relative surface area is bigger; In order to make magnetization evenly, must be more pawl utmost point Surface Machining, so just complex process, manufacturing cost height.
If 8 also comprise vacuum pump, vacuum pump and generator coaxle, thereby have compact conformation, a little advantage that takes up space, outside power supply can in, can also provide vacuum servo for brake.
Though the present invention applies to heterogeneous thought automobile-used hybrid excitation generator field, designs radially dipolar configuration and makes architecture advances to merge realizing, but obtained unforeseeable technique effect, solved scientific research, technical staff issue to be resolved always; And on the basis that does not increase any equipment, just can realize all manufacture processes, will obtain very big economic and social benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: be that the present invention works as electric excitation rotor when being claw-pole structure, the pawl utmost point of the permanent magnet of p-m rotor, electric excitation rotor and the schematic diagram of stator core pole relative position (during n=4);
Fig. 2: be the present invention when working as electric excitation rotor for two claw-pole structure, the pawl utmost point of the permanent magnet of p-m rotor, electric excitation rotor and the schematic diagram of stator core pole relative position (during n=4);
Fig. 3: be that the present invention works as electric excitation rotor when being salient-pole structure, the schematic diagram of the permanent magnet of p-m rotor, the salient pole of electric excitation rotor and stator core pole relative position (during n=4).
Fig. 4: the schematic diagram (during n=4) that is rectifier among the present invention, pressurizer;
Fig. 5: three kinds of permanent magnets cooperate comparison diagram with pole shoe;
Fig. 6: the structure chart that is salient-pole structure electricity excitation rotor of the present invention.
Embodiment
1, stator core pole numbering; 2, stator core pole; 3, stator core wire casing; 4, the permanent magnet of p-m rotor; 5, the pawl utmost point of claw-pole structure electricity excitation rotor; 6, the pawl utmost point of two claw-pole structure electricity excitation rotors; 7, the salient pole of salient-pole structure electricity excitation rotor; 8, reference circuit; 9, comparison circuit; 10, control circuit; 11, circuits for triggering; 12, the H bridge is formed; 13, excitation winding; 14, rectifier; 15, armature winding; 16, pole shoe; 17, the tile permanent magnet cooperates with pole shoe; 18, the monolithic strip permanent magnet cooperates with pole shoe; 19, the bipolar strip permanent magnet of radial cooperates with pole shoe; 20, salient-pole structure electricity excitation rotor iron core; 21, the excitation winding of salient-pole structure electricity excitation rotor.
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 4:
Radially bipolar system permanent magnetism and excitation composite excitation multiphase generator, comprise front end housing, rear end cap, rotating shaft, rectifier 14, the pressurizer of forming by reference circuit 8, comparison circuit 9, control circuit 10, circuits for triggering 11, H bridge 12, the electric excitation rotor that constitutes by the pawl utmost point 5, ring flange, excitation winding 13, the p-m rotor that constitutes by rotor core, permanent magnet 4, the stator that constitutes by stator core, armature winding 15; Be installed in p-m rotor and the shared armature winding 15 of electric excitation rotor in the rotating shaft, the magnetic potential of generation is in magnetic circuit and be unified into; The head end of armature winding 15 is connected to the cathode output end of generator, and the tail end of armature winding 15 connects the input of rectifier 14, pressurizer respectively, to realize rectification, voltage stabilizing;
Described armature winding 15 is that the every phase armature winding 15 of four mutually identical armature winding 15, four in mutually all strides across individual stator core pole 2 rule successively on the stator core respectively, and the phase difference of above-mentioned armature winding 15 is 90 degree;
Described permanent magnet 4 is a 2m piece strip permanent magnet 4, and m is the even number more than or equal to 2, and two permanent magnets 4 of identical polar are close mutually, per two permanent magnet 4 spaces of opposed polarity and evenly distribute along circumference;
Each pawl utmost point 5 of the identical permanent magnet 4 of every adjacent two polarity of p-m rotor and electric excitation rotor axially align, polarity is identical and all with stator core on per four stator core pole 2 corresponding.
Operation principle:
When alternator shaft rotates, stator armature winding 15 cutting by p-m rotor magnetic field, electric excitation rotor magnetic field in air gap and the radial magnetic field that is unified into, thereby by the outside output electric energy of armature winding 15; What four phase armature winding 15 were exported is four mutually identical alternating currents, and phase difference is 90 degree.Above-mentioned four mutually identical alternating currents are realized rectification by rectifier 14, the size and Orientation that feeds excitation winding 13 electric currents by pressurizer control is realized voltage stabilizing, thereby make the generator output voltage galvanic current, can charge a battery, also can directly give the vehicle mounted electric power supply.
This embodiment is that the present invention is a kind of execution mode of conditions such as claw-pole structure, vacuum pump less, employing four phase bridge rectifiers at n=4, electric excitation rotor, does not represent only this a kind of execution mode of the present invention.Under the situation that does not deviate from essence of the present invention, multiple combination, interpolation can be arranged or reduce some device or part, but these corresponding changes all should belong within the affiliated claim protection range of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. radially bipolar system permanent magnetism and excitation composite excitation multiphase generator comprise front end housing, rear end cap, rotating shaft, rectifier, pressurizer, electric excitation rotor, the p-m rotor that is made of rotor core, permanent magnet, the stator that is made of stator core, armature winding; Be installed in p-m rotor and the shared armature winding of electric excitation rotor in the rotating shaft, the magnetic potential of generation is in magnetic circuit and be unified into; The head end of armature winding is connected to the cathode output end of generator, and the tail end of armature winding connects the input of rectifier, pressurizer respectively, to realize rectification, voltage stabilizing, it is characterized in that:
Described armature winding is the mutually identical armature winding of n, and the every phase armature winding of n in mutually all strides across n the utmost point rule successively on the stator core respectively, and the phase difference of above-mentioned armature winding is the 360/n degree, and n is the integer more than or equal to 4;
Described permanent magnet is a 2m piece strip permanent magnet, and m is the even number more than or equal to 2, and two permanent magnets of identical polar are close mutually, per two permanent magnet spaces of opposed polarity and evenly distribute along circumference;
Each magnetic pole of p-m rotor and each magnetic pole of electric excitation rotor axially align, polarity is identical and all with stator core on every n extremely corresponding; Each magnetic pole of described p-m rotor is every adjacent two permanent magnets that polarity is identical.
2. by claim 1 described radially bipolar system permanent magnetism and excitation composite excitation multiphase generator, it is characterized in that: electric excitation rotor is a claw-pole structure, comprises the pawl utmost point, ring flange, excitation winding; Each magnetic pole of described electric excitation rotor is each pawl utmost point.
3. by claim 1 described radially bipolar system permanent magnetism and excitation composite excitation multiphase generator, it is characterized in that: electric excitation rotor comprises the pawl utmost point, ring flange, excitation winding for two claw-pole structures; The ring flange of excitation winding both sides is involutory, connects 2m the pawl utmost point on each ring flange, and adjacent two pawls on the same ring flange are close extremely mutually, and per two pawls on the different ring flanges stagger extremely mutually and along the circumferential direction evenly distribute; Each magnetic pole of described electric excitation rotor is every adjacent two the pawl utmost points on the same ring flange.
4. by claim 1 described radially bipolar system permanent magnetism and excitation composite excitation multiphase generator, it is characterized in that: electric excitation rotor is a salient-pole structure, comprises field spider iron core, excitation winding; Excitation winding is the rule coiling separately of the N utmost point, the S utmost point by feeding the polarity that the convex surface of salient pole produces behind the direct current, the equal turn numbers of excitation winding on each salient pole; Each magnetic pole of described electric excitation rotor is each salient pole.
5. by claim 1 described radially bipolar system permanent magnetism and excitation composite excitation multiphase generator, it is characterized in that: described rectifier comprises 2n diode, constitutes n phase bridge rectifier.
6. by claim 1 described radially bipolar system permanent magnetism and excitation composite excitation multiphase generator, it is characterized in that: described rectifier comprises 3n diode, constitutes 3n pipe rectifier.
7. by claim 1 described radially bipolar system permanent magnetism and excitation composite excitation multiphase generator, it is characterized in that: described pressurizer is made up of reference circuit, comparison circuit, control circuit, circuits for triggering, H bridge.
8. by claim 1 described radially bipolar system permanent magnetism and excitation composite excitation multiphase generator, it is characterized in that: also comprise vacuum pump; Vacuum pump is made up of the pump housing, the pump rotor and the pump cover that are installed in the pump housing, and pump rotor matches with the spline of described rotating shaft, and the pump housing is installed on the pump cover by bolt, and pump cover is installed on the described rear end cap by bolt.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010132829 CN102185405A (en) | 2010-03-26 | 2010-03-26 | Bipolar type radial hybrid excitation permanent magnet multi-phase excitation generator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010132829 CN102185405A (en) | 2010-03-26 | 2010-03-26 | Bipolar type radial hybrid excitation permanent magnet multi-phase excitation generator |
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| CN102185405A true CN102185405A (en) | 2011-09-14 |
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| CN 201010132829 Pending CN102185405A (en) | 2010-03-26 | 2010-03-26 | Bipolar type radial hybrid excitation permanent magnet multi-phase excitation generator |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103973036A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-08-06 | 张学义 | Vehicle exhaust gas turbine driven hybrid excitation generator |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1858973A (en) * | 2006-05-17 | 2006-11-08 | 山东理工大学 | Radial permanent magnetic and electromagnetic mixed excited generator |
| CN1893235A (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-01-10 | 山东理工大学 | Permanent-magnet and electromagnetic hybrid excitation generating apparatus with vacuum pump |
| CN201270440Y (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2009-07-08 | 严伟伟 | Permanent-magnet generator used for special vehicle |
| CN201352753Y (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2009-11-25 | 苏州工业园区和鑫电器有限公司 | Novel internal permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| EP2157679A1 (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2010-02-24 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | Synchronous rotating electrical machine, in particular for an automobile alternator |
-
2010
- 2010-03-26 CN CN 201010132829 patent/CN102185405A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1893235A (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-01-10 | 山东理工大学 | Permanent-magnet and electromagnetic hybrid excitation generating apparatus with vacuum pump |
| CN1858973A (en) * | 2006-05-17 | 2006-11-08 | 山东理工大学 | Radial permanent magnetic and electromagnetic mixed excited generator |
| EP2157679A1 (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2010-02-24 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | Synchronous rotating electrical machine, in particular for an automobile alternator |
| CN201270440Y (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2009-07-08 | 严伟伟 | Permanent-magnet generator used for special vehicle |
| CN201352753Y (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2009-11-25 | 苏州工业园区和鑫电器有限公司 | Novel internal permanent magnet synchronous motor |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103973036A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-08-06 | 张学义 | Vehicle exhaust gas turbine driven hybrid excitation generator |
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Application publication date: 20110914 |