CN102183795B - Target detection system and method based on dynamic utilization of pyroelectric infrared sensor - Google Patents
Target detection system and method based on dynamic utilization of pyroelectric infrared sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102183795B CN102183795B CN 201110048360 CN201110048360A CN102183795B CN 102183795 B CN102183795 B CN 102183795B CN 201110048360 CN201110048360 CN 201110048360 CN 201110048360 A CN201110048360 A CN 201110048360A CN 102183795 B CN102183795 B CN 102183795B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a target detection system and method based on dynamic utilization of a pyroelectric infrared sensor. The target detection system comprises a pyroelectric infrared sensor, a main controller connected with the pyroelectric infrared sensor, and an infrared collecting hardware processing unite respectively connected with the pyroelectric infrared sensor and the main controller. The target detection system also comprises a rotary table module and a signal processing module, wherein the rotary table module is arranged on the lower end of the pyroelectric infrared sensor, and is matched with the pyroelectric infrared sensor, and the signal processing module is arranged in the main controller. The target detection system and method based on the dynamic utilization of the pyroelectric infrared sensor in the invention can be used for realizing the detection of target signals by virtue of a larger vision angle and a positive working mode, and have high detection sensitivity and better application prospect in the detection field of the target signals.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of system and method that uses pyroelectric infrared sensor to carry out target detection, especially relate to a kind of based on dynamic lower target detection system and the method thereof of using pyroelectric infrared sensor.
Background technology
Infrared radiation is very general at occurring in nature, any object needs only its temperature higher than absolute zero (273 ℃), just have infrared ray space radiation towards periphery, because the different objects material character is different, they are also different to extraradial infrared radiation: the body surface temperature is higher, and the energy of its radiation is just stronger.Pyroelectric infrared sensor is mainly the material by a kind of high Seebeck coefficient, the detecting element of making as lead zirconate titanate, lithium tantalate, triglycine sulfate etc., these detecting elements are when temperature variation, there will be structural charge-site relative displacement, their spontaneous polarization strength is changed, thereby produce the bound charge of contrary sign at their two ends; And two detecting elements of packing in each detector, and two detecting elements are connected with reversed polarity, to suppress the interference produced due to the ambient temperature drift, the infrared radiation that to be surveyed and receive by detecting element is transformed into faint voltage signal, and the field effect transistor in being contained in probe is amplified backward outer output.
Pyroelectric infrared sensor belongs to the passive-type infrared sensor, and following characteristics is arranged: (1) does not affect because far infrared is not subject to visible ray, therefore continuous monitoring day and night; (2) due to measurand self emission infrared ray, therefore can separately establish light source, the radiation that can not produce any type; (3) atmosphere is very few to some specific wavelength (as 8-14 μ m) infrared ray absorbing, therefore more easily detect; (4) this class sensor production is with low cost, and power consumption is little, and therefore good concealment is widely used in the target detection field.
But pyroelectric infrared sensor is subject to the restriction of itself attribute to cause also having the existence of many problems: it is very short that pyroelectric infrared sensor detects distance, so need to add in its front that with pyroelectric infrared sensor the time certain optical devices improve its detection range, the major function of optical devices is to collect the infrared energy of measured target emission, and then they is converged on the photosurface of infrared eye.Optical devices have determined the visual field size of pyroelectric infrared sensor, the visual field of pyroelectric infrared sensor with it another important performance characteristic---distance coefficient is directly related, distance coefficient and the field angle relation that is inversely proportional to, so what while using pyroelectric infrared sensor to carry out long-range target acquisition, its field angle will become is very little, if the target that we will survey in long-distance large-range will be used a plurality of pyroelectric infrared sensors.
On market, common optical devices are Fresnel Lenses now, its detection range can reach 40 meters farthest, but its field angle is only 8 degree in the time of 40 meters, if we want the target in the 360 degree scopes of surveying, will use 45 pyroelectric infrared sensors and Fresnel Lenses, this just causes very large difficulty to Machine Design and the circuit design of device, and has strengthened volume and the cost of detection system.
In addition, pyroelectric infrared sensor can only carry out passive type work, can not survey stationary object, and signal amplitude is little, easily be subject to various thermals source, the interference of light source, when environment temperature and human body temperature approach, detection sensitivity obviously descends, sometimes also can cause malfunctioning in short-term, and its direction of motion mainly detected is the transverse movement direction, poor to the object detection ability of radially direction motion, these shortcomings have limited the usable range of pyroelectric infrared sensor greatly.
The most frequently used pyroelectric infrared sensor is the double base pyroelectric infrared sensor now, the double base pyroelectric infrared sensor refers to the pyroelectricity element that pyroelectric infrared transducer comprises two mutual serial or parallel connections, and two electrode direction making are just in time contrary, ambient background radiation almost has identical effect to two pyroelectricity elements, the pyroelectric effect of its generation is cancelled out each other, so the output of sensor no signal.When only in the Sensor monitoring scope, temperature has the variation of Δ T, pyroelectric effect just can be on two electrodes can produce electric charge Δ Q, produces a weak voltage Δ V between two electrodes, when environment temperature is stablized when constant, and Δ T=0, sensor no-output.
The utility model patent that is ZL 200720006151.3 as the patent No. discloses a kind of pair of Thermoelectric Infrared Sensor difference output passive infrared dual technology detector, and its technical solution is: by two Thermoelectric Infrared Sensor, form difference output.It is characterized in that under the Fresnel Lenses of detector, two Thermoelectric Infrared Sensor distribute up and down, the top view left and right of sensor is contrary, the relevant position of the corresponding Fresnel Lenses separately of difference, its external overall viewing angle is almost completely identical, export under the effect of Fresnel Lenses and form difference mode signal while making human motion, the variation of ambient temperature forms common mode noise signal, at the back of two sensors access differential amplifier, forms difference output.
The defect that such scheme exists is: this detector can not be in dynamically lower use, once do relative motion because detector moves up the environment just meaned in its sensing range, all objects in environment all become to have temperature variation like this, capital causes the pyroelectricity output signal, and its testing result will be wrong; In addition, its direction of motion mainly detected is the transverse movement direction, and poor to the object detection ability of radially direction motion, these shortcomings have limited its usable range greatly.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention overcomes deficiency of the prior art exactly, provide that a kind of field of view angle is large, detection sensitivity is high, both can carry out active work also can carry out passive type work based on dynamic lower target detection system and the method thereof of using pyroelectric infrared sensor.
For solving the problems of the prior art, the present invention is based on the dynamically target detection system of lower use pyroelectric infrared sensor and adopted following scheme: comprise pyroelectric infrared sensor, the master controller be connected with described pyroelectric infrared sensor, the infrared collecting hardware handles unit be connected with described master controller with described pyroelectric infrared sensor respectively, also comprise the lower end that is arranged on described pyroelectric infrared sensor the turntable module matched with it, be arranged on the signal processing module in described master controller, described turntable module also is connected with described master controller.
Further, described infrared collecting hardware handles unit comprises Hi-pass filter, signal amplifier, low-pass filter and A/D converter successively, described Hi-pass filter is connected with described pyroelectric infrared sensor, and described A/D converter is connected with described master controller.
Further, described pyroelectric infrared sensor comprises double base pyroelectric infrared-sensing body and is arranged on the Fresnel Lenses of described double base pyroelectric infrared-sensing body front.
Further, described master controller also is connected with alarm unit.
A kind of based on the dynamic lower detection method that uses the target detection system of pyroelectric infrared sensor, comprise the steps:
1) reference position at zero point of pyroelectric infrared sensor is set;
2) pyroelectric infrared sensor gathers the background initialize signal;
3) infrared collecting hardware handles unit is to step 2) in the background initialize signal that gathers carry out hardware handles;
4) the background initialize signal the signal processing module extraction step 3 in master controller) after hardware handles, and rendering context initialize signal waveform;
5) master controller sends and starts rotate instruction and rotational angle instruction to turntable module;
6) turntable module is according to step 6) in instruction drive pyroelectric infrared sensor and start rotate and rotate the angle of stipulating;
7) pyroelectric infrared sensor carries out the detection signal collection;
8) infrared collecting hardware handles unit is to step 7) in the detection signal that gathers carry out hardware handles;
9) detection signal the signal processing module extraction step 8 in master controller) after hardware handles, draw detection signal waveform;
10) signal processing module adopts frame differential method to step 9) in detection signal waveform and step 4) in background initialize signal waveform carry out corresponding volt value subtraction calculations, obtain lying prostrate the value difference value;
11) judge whether volt value difference value surpasses the threshold value of setting, if judge and occur target performing step 12), otherwise target, repeated execution of steps 5 do not appear in judgement) to step 11);
12) extract echo signal, alarm unit carries out alarm.
In said method, described step 8) comprise step by step following:
8.1) Hi-pass filter carries out high-pass filtering to detection signal and float to eliminate temperature;
8.2) signal amplifier is to through step by step 8.1) and in detection signal after high-pass filtering carry out the signal amplification;
8.3) low-pass filter is to step by step 8.2) and in detection signal after amplifying carry out low-pass filtering further to eliminate noise signal;
8.4) A/D converter will be through step by step 8.3) and in detection signal after low-pass filtering carry out the A/D conversion.
Possess dynamically lower target detection system and the method thereof of using pyroelectric infrared sensor that the present invention is based on of said structure and step, possess following advantage:
1) field of view angle large, save cost: the setting of turntable module has enlarged the field of view angle of pyroelectric infrared sensor greatly, for example, if driving pyroelectric infrared sensor, turntable module keeps certain speed uniform rotation, a pyroelectric infrared sensor just can be surveyed the target in 360 ° of scopes, improved the detectivity of the target to radially moving, greatly provided cost savings;
2) can carry out initiatively or passive working method: the active working method under the setting of turntable module makes to have increased dynamically on the basis of the passive working method that pyroelectric infrared sensor can be under static state;
3) detection sensitivity: the setting of infrared collecting hardware handles unit, the temperature that the factors such as environment apoplexy and sunlight that filter by Hi-pass filter cause is floated, can further eliminate noise signal by low-pass filter, can isolate out the DC component in signal by signal amplifier, and provide a constant bias voltage to it, the AC signal only we needed is amplified, the detection sensitivity of system to echo signal that adopted these measures greatly to improve.
In sum, the present invention is based on dynamically lower target detection system and the method thereof of using pyroelectric infrared sensor, can realize the detection to echo signal with larger field angle and active working method, detection sensitivity is high, in the field of detecting of echo signal, reasonable application prospect is arranged.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 the present invention is based on the dynamically lower structural representation block diagram that uses the target detection system embodiment of pyroelectric infrared sensor;
The structural representation block diagram that Fig. 2 is infrared collecting hardware handles unit in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 the present invention is based on the dynamically process flow diagram of the detection method of the target detection system of lower use pyroelectric infrared sensor.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is based on the dynamically lower target detection system of using pyroelectric infrared sensor, comprise pyroelectric infrared sensor 1, master controller 2, infrared collecting hardware handles unit 3, turntable module 4 and alarm unit 5 and be arranged on the signal processing module 21 in master controller 2, wherein, pyroelectric infrared sensor 1 respectively with master controller 2, infrared collecting hardware handles unit 3 is connected, master controller 2 also with infrared collecting hardware handles unit 3, turntable module 4 is connected respectively with alarm unit 5, turntable module 4 is arranged on the lower end of pyroelectric infrared sensor 1 and matches with pyroelectric infrared sensor 1.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, described pyroelectric infrared sensor 1 comprises double base pyroelectric infrared-sensing body 12 and is arranged on the Fresnel Lenses 11 of double base pyroelectric infrared-sensing body 12 fronts.
As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, described infrared collecting hardware handles unit 3 consists of mimic channel and digital circuit two parts: artificial circuit part comprises Hi-pass filter 31, signal amplifier 32, low-pass filter 33; Digital circuit partly comprises A/D converter 34.Wherein, the external pyroelectric infrared sensor 1 of Hi-pass filter 31, the external master controller 2 of A/D converter 34.
In the present embodiment, described pyroelectric infrared sensor 1 arranges Fresnel Lenses 11, and the infrared ray on the one hand human body radiation gone out gathers on double base pyroelectric infrared-sensing body 12, thereby strengthens the distance of surveying; Also the infrared ray of incident can be done to periodic blocking on the other hand, make pyroelectric infrared sensor 1 can export continuous signal.
In the present embodiment, described Hi-pass filter 31, being mainly used to filter the temperature that the factors such as environment apoplexy and sunlight cause floats, the frequency of human body signal is mainly between 0.6HZ-1.2HZ, and the influence factor in environment, for example wind, sunlight can cause the slow especially of signal intensity, and frequency is low especially, can directly by Hi-pass filter 31, these influence factors be filtered.
In the present embodiment, described signal amplifier 32, be mainly used to isolate out the DC component in signal, and provide a constant bias voltage to it, and the AC signal only we needed is amplified.
In the present embodiment, described low-pass filter 33, be mainly used to further eliminate noise signal, improves detection sensitivity.
In the present embodiment, described A/D converter 34, mainly be comprised of 0805F020 type single-chip microcomputer, and being used for involving after filtration the analog signal conversion of amplifying after processing is the digital signal that the signal processing module 21 in master controller 2 is identified.
In the present embodiment, described turntable module 4, mainly to utilize a stepper motor able to programme, the instruction uniform rotation sent according to master controller 2, thereby drive pyroelectric infrared sensor 1 on it with suitable specific speed uniform rotation, and starting point and ad-hoc location at a time are provided to pyroelectric infrared sensor 1.
Fig. 3 the present invention is based on the dynamically process flow diagram of the detection method of the target detection system of lower use pyroelectric infrared sensor
3 pairs of detection methods that the present invention is based on the target detection system of dynamic lower use pyroelectric infrared sensor are described in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Step S101, arrange the reference position at zero point of pyroelectric infrared sensor 1.
Step S102, pyroelectric infrared sensor 1 gathers the background initialize signal.
Step S103, infrared collecting hardware handles unit carries out hardware handles to the background initialize signal gathered in step S102, and the hardware handles process is as follows:
(1) 31 pairs of background initialize signals of Hi-pass filter carry out high-pass filtering and float to eliminate temperature;
(2) the background initialize signal of signal amplifier after to high-pass filtering carries out the signal amplification;
(3) low-pass filter carries out low-pass filtering further to eliminate noise signal to the background initialize signal after amplifying;
(4) A/D converter carries out the A/D conversion by the background initialize signal after low-pass filtering.
Step S104, the signal processing module 21 in master controller 2 extracts the background initialize signal after the A/D conversion, carries out analyzing and processing rendering context initialize signal waveform.
Step S105, master controller 2 sends and starts rotate instruction and rotational angle instruction to turntable module 4.
Step S106, the instruction that turntable module 4 sends according to master controller 2, utilize stepper motor uniform rotation able to programme, thereby drive pyroelectric infrared sensor 1 uniform rotation on it, and rotate the angle of master controller 2 defineds.
Step S107, pyroelectric infrared sensor 1 carries out the detection signal collection.
Step S108, the detection signal gathered in 3 pairs of infrared collecting hardware handles unit step S107 carries out hardware handles, and the hardware handles process is as follows:
1) 31 pairs of detection signals of Hi-pass filter carry out high-pass filtering and float to eliminate temperature;
2) detection signal of signal amplifier after to high-pass filtering carries out the signal amplification;
3) low-pass filter carries out low-pass filtering further to eliminate noise signal to the detection signal after amplifying;
4) A/D converter carries out the A/D conversion by the detection signal after low-pass filtering.
Step S109, the signal processing module 21 in master controller 2 extracts the detection signal after the A/D conversion, carries out analyzing and processing, and draws detection signal waveform.
Step S110, signal processing module 21 adopts frame differential method to carry out corresponding volt value subtraction calculations to the detection signal waveform obtained in step S109 with the background initialize signal waveform obtained in step S104, obtains lying prostrate the value difference value.
Described frame differential method is the common method that field of image recognition is carried out object judgement, that the gray-scale value of front and back two two field picture corresponding pixel points is subtracted each other, in the situation that ambient brightness changes is little, if the respective pixel gray scale differs very little, can think that scenery is static herein, if the grey scale change in image-region somewhere is very large, can think that this is because moving object in image causes, these zone markers are got off, utilize the pixel region of these marks, just can obtain the position of moving target in image.
In the present embodiment, turntable module 4 provides a start signal to pyroelectric infrared sensor 1, a rz signal is given in every three-sixth turn again, often adopt one week signal all with the last week signal volt value subtracted each other, be equivalent to weekly collection signal and regard the every two field picture in image as.
Step S111, judgement lies prostrate the value difference value and whether surpasses the threshold value of setting, if, judge and target occurs, execution step S112, otherwise target does not appear in judgement, repeated execution of steps S105 is to step S111.
Step S112 extracts echo signal, and alarm unit carries out alarm.
In a word, what embodiments of the invention were announced is its preferably embodiment, but is not limited to this.Those of ordinary skill in the art, very easily according to above-described embodiment, understands spirit of the present invention, and makes different amplifications and variation, but only otherwise break away from spirit of the present invention, all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. one kind based on the dynamic lower target detection system of using pyroelectric infrared sensor, it is characterized in that: comprise pyroelectric infrared sensor, the master controller be connected with described pyroelectric infrared sensor, the infrared collecting hardware handles unit be connected with described master controller with described pyroelectric infrared sensor respectively, also comprise the lower end that is arranged on described pyroelectric infrared sensor the turntable module matched with it, be arranged on the signal processing module in described master controller, described turntable module also is connected with described master controller, described infrared collecting hardware handles unit comprises Hi-pass filter successively, signal amplifier, low-pass filter and A/D converter, described Hi-pass filter is connected with described pyroelectric infrared sensor, described A/D converter is connected with described master controller, described pyroelectric infrared sensor comprises double base pyroelectric infrared-sensing body and is arranged on the Fresnel Lenses of described double base pyroelectric infrared-sensing body front, described master controller also is connected with alarm unit.
2. the detection method of the target detection system based on dynamic lower use pyroelectric infrared sensor, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) reference position at zero point of pyroelectric infrared sensor is set;
2) pyroelectric infrared sensor gathers the background initialize signal;
3) infrared collecting hardware handles unit is to step 2) in the background initialize signal that gathers carry out hardware handles;
4) the background initialize signal the signal processing module extraction step 3 in master controller) after hardware handles, and rendering context initialize signal waveform;
5) master controller sends and starts rotate instruction and rotational angle instruction to turntable module;
6) pyroelectric infrared sensor is arranged on turntable module, and turntable module drives according to the instruction in step 6) the angle that pyroelectric infrared sensor starts to carry out Periodic Rotating and rotates regulation;
7) pyroelectric infrared sensor carries out the detection signal collection;
8) infrared collecting hardware handles unit carries out hardware handles to the detection signal gathered in step 7), comprises step by step following:
8.1) Hi-pass filter carries out high-pass filtering to detection signal and float to eliminate temperature;
8.2) signal amplifier is to through step by step 8.1) and in detection signal after high-pass filtering carry out the signal amplification;
8.3) low-pass filter is to step by step 8.2) and in detection signal after amplifying carry out low-pass filtering further to eliminate noise signal;
8.4) A/D converter will be through step by step 8.3) and in detection signal after low-pass filtering carry out the A/D conversion;
9) detection signal the signal processing module extraction step 8 in master controller) after hardware handles, draw detection signal waveform;
10) signal processing module adopts frame differential method to carry out corresponding volt value subtraction calculations to the detection signal waveform in step 9) with the background initialize signal waveform in step 4), obtains lying prostrate the value difference value;
11) judge whether volt value difference value surpasses the threshold value of setting, if judge and occur target performing step 12), otherwise target, repeated execution of steps 5 do not appear in judgement) to step 11);
12) extract echo signal, alarm unit carries out alarm.
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