CN102183784A - Seism warning method and device - Google Patents
Seism warning method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of seism disaster reduction and relates to a method for detecting a primary seismic wave and a secondary seismic wave continuously, in particular to a seism detecting and warning method. In the method, longitudinal or transverse component signal loss of a seism signal is captured by a linkage mechanism; and by the method, the signal acquisition error is avoided and the missed warning is prevented. Multiple types of detecting ways are provided and one or more detecting ways can be selected to form multiple types of detecting and warning devices with different functions, so that a manufacturer can select a detecting and warning way according to needs or interest of different users, or a user can regulate and control the detecting and warning way, or the like and the mode of a conventional warner that the primary seismic wave and the secondary seismic wave are detected respectively is changed; the functions of recording a sound and leaving a message and the function of sending a distress signal are combined; a solid conduction sound sensor is provided for overcoming the conductive resistance of the sound; all the sound and information can be recorded or prestored into a store at any time; the process data of the earthquake can be recorded; and by matching an infrared sender with an infrared life-detecting instrument, the device is novel in design, can improve the lifesaving effect, meets the new requirements of the disaster reduction and can be called as a black-box design for the seism disaster reduction.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to earthquake mitigation technical field, more particularly relate to adopt or make a kind of seismological sensor, implement the method for primary seismic wave and shear wave continuous detecting, and institute constitutes the design of the adjustable survey of function shake warning device and a kind of multi-functional shock-proof disaster reduction devices of composition such as the transmission of interpolation distress signal, message just recorded.
Background technology
The signal that constitutes of known earthquake alarm method and survey shake mode is shown by Fig. 2.Is known survey shake detector structure at figure below, and when being used for needing three wave detectors of horizontal positioned when shear wave detects and must use the vector combiner circuit, not only cost height but also operative installations are very not simple and direct.The problem that alarm method on the figure exists is to export interrupted switching signal, can't quantitatively and continuously export random signal to the ascending difference of seismic signal, can't write down the seismic intensity signal change procedure with usefulness for future reference.It two is hour can't transfer big spacing to dodge impact endurance test shock immediately when messenger wire (1) and locating ring (2) spacing, as building operation borehole blasting etc.After increasing messenger wire and locating ring spacing, can't satisfy native embryo room,, also can lose the small vibrations of catching the preceding sign of shake in the demand that when the house just shakes, just should report to the police immediately as the cajaput area.Be that known primary seismic wave (P ripple) is reported to the police in addition, exist error big by fixed proportion value alarm method, especially when the shallow-focus earthquake degree of depth be equal to or less than measuring point apart from the time, the major defect that the interior zone of this distance has compressional wave to fail to report exists, as Figure 17 the P ripple being shown is meant by focal point straight line and oblique survey shake point signal straight-line segment, be not limited only to the simple signal of measuring by vertical sensing instrument a kind of perpendicular to the ground, and horizontal signal Sui Yuan degree of depth difference can be up to total amount more than 70%, learn that ignoring horizontal component does not count alarming threshold value, be to cause the wrong report of P ripple or fail to report one of reason, the resident who is in as a same reason within the territory, epicentral area ought only adopt shear wave (S ripple) detection alarm also can have the wrong report technical matters of S ripple excalation equally, so the present invention proposes the method for observing and predicting reported by mistake of preventing, and multiple difference in functionality is reported to the police and the new model of the warning device deposited is taken precautions against and failed to report.Escape time is very short after adding earthquake alarm, and trapped personnel need increase functions such as distress call transmission and message just recorded in device to failing escape, to satisfy the demand of protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters.
Purpose of the present invention just is to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming and defect, and a kind of method of observing and predicting continuously that adopts single seismological sensor to primary seismic wave and shear wave is provided, and comprises that multiple different detection mode constitutes.Can singly select or these detection modes of final election, be combined into the pattern of observing and predicting respectively and can form multiple warning device with function difference.The demand that can set up defences according to the locality for producer or interest is selected for use or regulate and control difference by the user and observe and predict pattern, with the single respectively pattern of observing and predicting of the compressional wave shear wave in the alarm that breaks traditions, be a kind of survey shake alarm method that can prevent the earthquake alarm signal deletion and solve wrong report and fail to report.And the above-mentioned functions such as method and pattern and message just recorded, distress signal transmission of observing and predicting are integrated and constitute new earthquake disaster reduction device design, to satisfy the new demand in market.
Summary of the invention
In order to achieve the above object, a kind of method of observing and predicting of the present invention to the seismic signal continuous detecting, be because there is the detection defective of horizontal component disappearance in the P ripple signal in known P ripple alarm detection method, proposed to adopt compressional wave and the compatible continuous detecting method of shear wave (comprehensive) P ripple signal.Promptly be to adopt in length and breadth component at present by the detection methods respectively of two kinds of sensors in length and breadth, also in length and breadth component carry out at once vector synthetic after, be re-used as P ripple alerting signal and implement warning, but scheme can be very complicated.And a kind of seismological sensor that is made of single potentiometer or magneto sensor of the present invention is finished the continuous detection method of earthquake vertical and horizontal, comprise by the continuous survey shake mode of P ripple to the S ripple, with by the continuous survey shake comprehensive seismological sensor that mode constituted and survey the shake mode and signals collecting, the ascending setting of threshold values, promptly by the P ripple to the continuous setting of S ripple with trigger circuit step by step and constitute, reduce or remedy the disappearance of surveying the shake signal and prevent to report by mistake earthquake.
Concrete survey shake is divided into following two kinds and surveys the shake modes: mode one is to adopt magneto sensor (6) and magnetic hypophysis (5) and spring (4) to constitute comprehensive seismological sensor mode, also can and be suspended in mode within the outer sensor housing, then illustrate by Fig. 6 right side by potentiometer (10) and potentiometer shaft (9) by messenger wire (1).Mode two is employing survey shake modes identical as above-mentioned function, as what figure (4,8) illustrated compressional wave and shear wave interlock is surveyed the shake scheme as surveying the shake mode by potentiometer compressional wave sensor (14 or 7) or magneto sensor (6) through messenger wire (1) and the interlock of being with pole to hang vertical (3) formation.The comprehensive survey shake mode that illustrates of figure (5,6) is made and is surveyed the professional device of shake and be used for surveying shake and be easier in addition.
Said method can be used for living in reporting by mistake and fail to report because of S ripple disappearance causing shear wave of top, earthquake centre equally, but must be ascending with the threshold value setting circuit, promptly by the P ripple to the continuous setting of S ripple and generate the cooperation of continuous alarm trigger circuit step by step and just can finish and prevent to fail to report, illustrate by figure 11.
But a kind of warning device by multiple different detection modes and selected control, invent with the new earthquake disaster reduction device that functions such as message just recorded, distress signal transmission are integrated: the first proposes multiple different survey shake modes (illustrating as figure three to figure eight), can singly select or these detection modes of final election, be combined into each respectively by the pattern of observing and predicting of function difference and form multiple different warning device.Shake in the warning device as having specially to catch the detection mode of shaking preceding sign function and be stored in same two-way in length and breadth survey as figure six being surveyed the shake scheme, or adjustable as the additional alarm function with being stored in the main alarm.But the different alarm modes of selected control are the adjusting functions that the connection that midway is provided with by messenger wire or release mechanism and litter locking mechanism (31) and the switch (K1.1-K1.3) in signals collecting, threshold value setting circuit (Figure 11) constitute alternative mode jointly in addition.The device of this alarm mode can be elected to be production according to set up defences earthquake demand or interest of locality by producer, or regulates and control the difference pattern of observing and predicting by the user and satisfy the personal use needs.
It two is that common electret formula microphone in extraneous sound collection and monitoring device has adopted the stethoscope principle, known having made into by the technical scheme of face contact type solid conduction film (18) by aperture (17) conduction by sound wave merely with the common a kind of solid conduction sound transducer (MIC-2) that constitutes of electret formula microphone (MIC-1) sound film, in this scheme, not only, the room calls for help difficulty for falling to cause after the room collapses, designed solid conduction sound transducer (MIC-2), but also can be with all voice signal typing storeies (through memory I/O mouth of figure 14), comprise input function schemes such as the vibration signal that writes down seismic process and typing personal information in advance, contain by oppressive calling for help situation etc. and concrete scheme is provided and has implemented circuit for wait to look into real earthquake overall process data in the future.This circuit is finished by amplifying circuit 13 and recording playback module and memory circuit 14.
It three is survival condition discriminant approach and concrete measure and multiple distress signal generation circuit (figure 15) and adopts different launching carrier control circuits (figure 16 illustrates).Topic is to cause a kind of emergency preplan that can't use by earthquake because of existing communication before this design, in this prediction scheme, send distress signal as the low side frequency that adopts the amplitude modulation medium wave, adopt the microwave emission better to the penetration capacity of shelter than existing mobile phone, available common small radio receiver receives distress signal around collapsed house.Propose in addition to adopt infrared emission tube to send distress signal, it is characterized in that: can echo mutually with the infrared life-detection instrument of current use, become a kind of subplan of improving the lifesaving effect.
The multiple simple earthquake alarm method of the present invention can be saved 70% cost than detecting with three transversal wave detectors, owing to need not the synthetic seismic intensity of can measuring of vector also implement to report to the police, and precision and reliability all have raising.A kind of multifunctional warning device sends with message just recorded, distress signal and makes the communication scenario of communicating by letter and being obstructed because of earthquake, be combined into a kind of perfect in shape and function, and have the optional disaster reduction device of different purposes, will create positive and good social benefit for the protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters cause.This method of observing and predicting also can be used for other protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters device in addition, can be widely used in the protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters of earthquake prone district as the earthquake Alarm of independent formation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. be content The general frame of the present invention, comprise two inventions in the figure: the first adopts displacement transducer to survey the invention of shake and alarm method, it two is inventions of a kind of device, by the optional detector and alarm of multiple detection mode difference, with function combinations such as message just recorded, distress signal transmission and data storage, become a kind of multi-functional shock-proof disaster reduction device.
Fig. 2. be known earthquake alarm method and synthetic detection method of shear wave vector and seismological sensor (wave detector) the structural profile synoptic diagram that adopts three sensors.
Fig. 3. the quantitatively continuous shake scheme synoptic diagram of surveying of two potentiometer formulas of a kind of employing seismological sensor.Linked to each other with potentiometer shaft (9) by spring (4) in the figure upper right side, the end in addition of axle hangs vertical (3) through messenger wire (1) with the band pole and links to each other, and forms the shear wave detection mode, and signal exports telemetry circuit (Figure 11) to by signal terminal (11-13) in the potentiometer terminal.Hang vertical (3) and form compressional wave sensor (14) with potentiometer shaft interlock and spring by the potentiometer shell is built-in in the figure lower left, this is meant messenger wire break-make controllable mechanism (31) among the figure, and the compressional wave when disconnecting, shear wave be detection scheme respectively.It is characterized in that when break-make controllable mechanism (31) is connection: compressional wave sensor (14) is also accepted to hang vertical (3) by the band pole and is come the continuous detecting secondary wave through the interlock of messenger wire (1) except that self detects compressional wave, then constitute comprehensive survey shake mode, and the continuous and quantitative of finishing compressional wave, shear wave by telemetry circuit (Figure 11) observes and predicts, and is a kind of observing and controlling mode that the shake signal deletion prevents to report by mistake and fail to report function of surveying that reduces that has.Whether select for use simultaneously as for potentiometer formula shear wave seismological sensor above figure, come a kind of controlled new model of observing and predicting that switch (K-1.3) state is selected in the selection operation telemetry circuit (Figure 11) by operator's demand.
Fig. 4. a kind of seismological sensor that is made of magneto sensor is distinguished the scheme synoptic diagram of detection by quantitative to primary seismic wave and shear wave.Constitute shear wave by messenger wire (1), magnet (5) with magneto sensor (6) on the left side of figure and survey the shake mode, this mode is meant litter latch mechanism (31) when being in locking, bullet Huang (4), litter and heavily hang down and be stationary state.On figure the right is to replace messenger wire by spring (4), constitutes the compressional wave detection mode by sliding axle (8), magnet (5) with magneto sensor (6), surveys the shake signal and exports telemetry circuit to by terminal in the magneto sensor (11-13).It is characterized in that: a kind of compressional wave and horizontal survey shake and comprehensive survey shake are by the regulatable contactless seismological sensor mode of litter latch mechanism (31).
Fig. 5. a kind of primary seismic wave and shear wave interlock detection by quantitative case synoptic diagram that adopts the magneto sensor structure.This figure and figure four left side shear wave detection schemes only are to adopt spring (4) to replace messenger wire (1), that constitute and comprehensive seismological sensor (16), it is characterized in that: only having hang down (5), magneto sensor (6), spring (4) and telemetry circuit (Figure 11) of magnetic just can finish the comprehensive continuous and quantitative of compressional wave, shear wave is surveyed shake, is a kind of observing and controlling mode that reduces signal deletion and prevent to fail to report.
Fig. 6. be to adopt potentiometric transducer to carry out the another way synoptic diagram of comprehensive survey shake.The left side of figure is a kind of survey shake scheme synoptic diagram, and the right is by extended comprehensive seismological sensor (16) synoptic diagram of this scheme.It is characterized in that: will hang of shell (20) replacement of vertical (3) mass by the potentiometer housing, at this housing built-in-potential device formula compressional wave sensor, and adopt the messenger wire sus-pension to obtain the horizontal jitter signal, comprehensive signal is by messenger wire and potentiometer (10) and shaft potential device (9) and spring (4) acquisition, and the quality size that can change housing (10) satisfies the technical requirement of gathering primary seismic wave and shear wave Hz-KHz, this detection mode has in length and breadth interlock equally and detects and reduce that signal lacks and anti-error reporting achievement can, also can be used for before the shake small vibration signal and catch and report to the police, or as additional in the warning device or constitute purposes such as warning device separately.
Fig. 7. what adopt suspention compressional wave wave detector and Mageneto-sensitive type shear wave sensor is that interlock can divide the scheme synoptic diagram of surveying compressional wave, shear wave again.Be suspended wave detector and mainly detect the primary seismic wave signal, because teeter can detect part horizontal component or shear wave signal in a small amount of compressional wave signal again, measured signal is transported to compressional wave signals collecting, threshold value setting and trigger control circuit by gathering terminal (11,13).Bottom at wave detector is provided with magnet, magnetic also can replace magnet (5) from the remanent magnetism of sensor, and form the shear wave detection mode with magneto sensor (6), signal is delivered to shear wave threshold value setting and trigger control circuit, though this mode is fit to the higher or little shake but do not have people dangerous and that needn't remind of taking place frequently of house fortification intensity, selects for use as some easy earthquake region of Japan.
Fig. 8. be by messenger wire on-off locking mechanism (31), the controlled synoptic diagram that changes the observing and controlling mode.On the figure left side is adopt compressional wave wave detector (7) by messenger wire (1) through on-off mechanism (31) with hang vertical (3) at figure the right band pole and link to each other, hang the end of hanging down to be provided with magnetic (5) and the two-way difference of magneto sensor (6) formation sensor detection mode.When messenger wire break-make controllable mechanism (31) is selected the messenger wire connected state, then independently finish comprehensive detection mode by single compressional wave wave detector (7), this moment, whether Mageneto-sensitive type shear wave sensor worked, can be selected by circuit (among Figure 11) power switch (K-1.2) of correspondence, this mode purposes is opposite with Fig. 7, and the adobe house resident of the main cajaput that adapts to as just fall in a flash selects for use.
Fig. 9. be the known potential device and change potentiometer formula seismological sensor structure contrast synoptic diagram into.The left side is a known potential device structure, and the right is to change potentiometer formula seismological sensor structure into.The potentiometric transducer difference is by the threaded adjusting axle, does not have the follow-up adjustment axle (9) of screw thread polishing instead.
Figure 10. be that known microphone changes solid conduction sound transducer structural profile synoptic diagram into.Difference is that the sound wave in the shell imports aperture (17) position into and changes the right face contact type sound conduction film (18) into, and will be former import into aperture change on the right of back side of shell be labeled as (17.1), and be designated as (MIC-2).
Figure 11. be the signals collecting that adopts three kinds of dissimilar sensors, the circuit theory diagrams that the warning trigger pip was set and generated to threshold values respectively.Represent to adopt known electromagnetic type seismometer signal directly to send in the figure the top, the circuit collection of forming by four voltage comparators (LM324), and threshold value setting circuit, and constitute four passages that alarming threshold value is set by RV and WR, export the triggering alerting signal step by step through the output terminal of A1 to A4 again, signal conveys is to classification (passage) warning executive circuit (Figure 12), in addition if should be earlier signal be used through the A/D conversion, and be provided with the conversion of power switch (K1.2-K1.4) supplier formula and select for use with digital wave detector.
Portion represents to adopt potentiometer formula seismological sensor signals collecting, threshold value setting and trigger pip output circuit in the drawings.Adopt survey shake signal to import by (A1) in the operational amplifier earlier in the drawings, after amplifying, (A1) output to the voltage comparator classification trigger control circuit that amplifier A2 to A4 forms three passages by potentiometer (WR-5), form ascending three kinds of alarming threshold value initialization circuits by resistance and potentiometer (VR and WR) respectively, and the compressional wave signal is ascending delivers to corresponding warning passage in the warning executive circuit respectively according to gathering.
Figure below the expression telemetry circuit that adopts magneto sensor to constitute, signals collecting, threshold value setting and the trigger pip that adopts A1 in four voltage comparators and A2 to form two-stage (passage) of only drawing in the drawings is delivered to warning executive circuit (Figure 12), but must explanation be that threshold values should point out the P ripple to have the danger to report to the police and till the S ripple has the danger to report to the police by P ripple small-signal surely.The minimum classification that is divided into three passages is set continuously, is to prevent to report by mistake important step, and concrete number of channels can be set up according to classifying alarm is required, and by simulation vibrations check calibration.
Figure 12. be to distinguish continuous alarm executive circuit schematic diagram step by step.Form the first passage sound and light warning executive circuit by transistor (V1, V3, V4), resistance capacitance (R1, C1) with voltage comparator (A1), musical film or voice sheet and color lamp (D-1) in the drawings.By transistor (V2, V5) and resistance capacitance (R2, C2) and voltage comparator (A2) and resistance (19), color lamp (D-2) is formed second channel warning executive circuit, the continuous alarm trigger pip can be from the ascending classification output terminal of the signal of circuit diagram 11, and number of channels can be according to the required increase and decrease of figure 11 classifying alarms.
Figure 13. external sound collection and monitoring amplifying circuit schematic diagram.(MIC-1, MIC-3) represents the air sound microphones in the drawings, (MIC-2) expression solid conduction formula sound transducer (microphone-2), sound is the input of being selected different microphones by sound transducer selector switch (K-3), microphone signal is input to by selector switch (K-3) to have the better selectivity frequency-selecting amplifier (MAX951 module) carries out prime amplifier, enter through volume control potentiometer (R6) more again and have noise reduction and adjust the power amplifier (LM386) of function and amplify, the ground aural signal of suing and labouring is amplified through power amplifier module and is exported by loudspeaker.The ground aural signal of suing and labouring also can be imported signal in the recording playback module storage into by selector switch (K-3) and typing selector switch (K-3.1) in addition.
Figure 14. recording playback module and memory circuit schematic diagram.Form the message just recorded memory circuit by microphone and voice recording-reproducing assembly circuit (26-W5120) and signal storage (27-W55206/W55212) in the drawings.Sound imports signal into recording playback module (22) by typing selector switch (K-3.1), or by transaudient selector switch (K-3 and K-3.1) with air transmitted sound transducer (MIC-1) and solid conduction sound transducer (MIC-2), import the ground sound of suing and labouring into voice recording-reproducing assembly (22), and finish recording and operation playback button (AN-4) and deliver to language by the module output line and send selector switch (K-4) and enter language distress signal transtation mission circuit by operating record button (AN-3) respectively.Or deposit in storer stand-by through the AD conversion earthquake-capturing signal by the bi-directional data I/O end of storer (23).Not limited of recording playback duration needs serial connection a plurality of (SSRAM) storer to get final product, and is that automatic sound control recording state need not repeatable operation and reset etc. by what enter behind the record button AN-3 especially, enters holding state when 2-3 silent second signal the time automatically.
Figure 15. survival condition is differentiated and the distress signal circuit theory diagrams.First kind of distress signal in the drawings, call for help sound collection and amplifying circuit by the trapped personnel that microphone (MIC-3) and triode (V1) are formed, second kind of distress signal formed fixed-audio generator (24) by not circuit (I1, I2) and resistance capacitance (RT, C3) and formed the fixed-audio signal, to replace the specific calling for help sound after the people dies, or when unattended any button, the FM circuit that the fixed-audio signal directly is made up of triode (V1, V2) sends through antenna (TX).The time interval that sends is by 42 input end Sheffer stroke gate integrated circuit (4011). and the duty cycle circuit one (25) that resistance capacitance is formed provides control, as people's operation is that press push button (AN1) then changes another kind of transmission time interval into, provides control by duty cycle circuit two (26).When being interrupted to send, press push button (AN-2) Shi Youyuan changes continuous transmission into, it is just can be transformed among the figure 13 selection of recording playback sound thus by conversion playing sound selector switch (K-4) to open (K-3) that another calling for help form sends, and accesses the recording in the recording playback module or enter FM circuit by the sound of solid conduction microphone (MIC-2) to send through antenna (TX).
Figure 16. select different launching carrier control circuit principle schematic.Only represent in the drawings by transtation mission circuit transfer switch (K-6), select the mode switching control of different carriers send mode, by FM circuit (27) send mode, change the switching controls synoptic diagram of modulation circuit send mode (28) or infrared ray send mode (29) into, (V5) expression infrared emission tube and circuit among the figure.
Figure .17 is that different source depth lack synoptic diagram with the P ripple warning total amount of different epicentral distance ratios.Representing when source depth is 100 kilometers on the figure left side, is being that horizontal component promptly is to ignore also not influence P ripple warning precision only for 5% of shear wave in the P ripple that records of 10 kilometers places from epicentral distance.Describe on figure the right as being both 6.3 grades of earthquakes that took place on Dec 20th, 2010 in Iran, focus deeply only is 5 kilometers shallow-focus earthquake, from epicentral distance be 30% disappearance that horizontal component accounts for total amount in the P ripple signal that records of 5 kilometers places, locate (horizontal component) at 10 kilometers and account for total amount 50% disappearance, account for total amount 70% disappearance at 15 kilometers places.Also can come equivalence " 5.12 " Wenchuan violent earthquake situation, when if the setting source depth is about 70 kilometers, strong at a distance of Wen County, Gansu seismaesthesia at (three times of epicentral distances) 200 kilometers places, and the P ripple arrives Wen County than S ripple Zao about 25 seconds, the very worth utilization of warning in 25 seconds in advance! But because P ripple signal total amount disappearance 70% is too unfortunate! And this is a kind of with the treacherous physical quantity of source depth, and the people can't be expected! Set when alarming threshold value and can produce invalid wrong report when on the low side, can allow the people that warning is lost the confidence, can fail to report when higher, consequence more can not be imagined, and wrong report sometimes also can be relevant with tectonic structure, earthquake type and other factor in addition.
Figure .18 adopts in length and breadth interlock to observe and predict method with different observing and controlling patterns and deposit and optional multi-functional disaster reduction device embodiment synoptic diagram.Wherein in the drawings and have a compressional wave seismological sensor (14), the compressional wave sensor is communicated with through messenger wire and messenger wire or release mechanism (31) and known other shear wave seismological sensor (7) and band pole hang vertical (3) and constitute second kind of comprehensive survey shake scheme or title and be stored in an enforcement of surveying the new observing and controlling alternative mode among the shake device, constitute alternative mode adjusting function and with being connected of interlock circuit figure etc. implement to illustrate etc.
Mark in the drawings: 1. messenger wire or chain sling, the rope chain, 2. conduction locating ring or solenoid, 3. hang vertical, pendulum hangs down, heavily hang down (containing band pole pendulum hangs down), 4. spring (containing shell fragment or elastic body), 5. magnetic hypophysis, magnetic hangs down, magnet, 6. magneto sensor (containing Hall element), 7. known earthquake is surveyed the shake wave detector and (is divided into compressional wave Pn and shear wave Sn such as S1, S2, the S3 wave detector) and seismological sensor, 8. pulley and slide unit 9. sensor movable members comprise the potentiometer sliding axle, 10. seismological sensor fixed static parts (containing the potentiometer shell), 11 sensor plus ends, 12. sensor negative terminal, 13. sensor lead-out terminal, 14. compressional wave is surveyed shake mode and seismological sensor, 15. shear wave is surveyed shake mode and seismological sensor, 16. compressional wave, shear wave interlock detection mode and comprehensive seismological sensor, 17. known sound wave microphone imports aperture into, 18. face contact type sound conduction film, 19. electret formula microphone (MIC) sound film, 20. device case and sensor add shell, 21. solid conduction sound transducer shell, 22. voice recording-reproducing assemblies, 23. storeies, 24. audio-frequency generator, 25. duty cycle circuit one, 26. duty cycle circuit two, 27. frequency-modulated wave transtation mission circuits, 28. modulated wave transtation mission circuit, 29. infrared ray sends, the synthetic and observing and controlling warning circuit of 30. known vectors, 31. messenger wire connections or disconnection and litter locking mechanism.
Embodiment
1. 1 kinds of embodiment survey the enforcements of shake alarm method, as select for use any a especially dotted line in Fig. 3～8 internal labeling (16) sensor of rectifying all can finish.This select figure five illustrate by magneto sensor (6) with below magnetic hang the comprehensive seismological sensor (16) that vertical (5) and spring (4) constitute, magneto sensor (6) (also can select for use little power consumption to reach the linear hall effect sensors such as A139/A1395 of being controlled dormant state by microprocessor) comes interlock (continuously) to detect primary seismic wave and shear wave signal, seismic signal is exported threshold value setting respectively and is triggered alarm control circuit (Figure 11) by lead-out terminal (11-13), and (threshold values of this circuit is to point out the P ripple to have danger warning and S ripple to have the continuous setting till reporting to the police in the danger very important by P ripple small-signal surely! ) deliver to warning executive circuit (Figure 12) via figure 11 and finish because of observing and predicting signal deletion and cause wrong report or the survey of failing to report shake alarming method.Certainly known that observing and predicting the signal deletion reason also can adopt and detect primary seismic wave and shear wave signal respectively, the method that superposes again also can be used as two of method, only because of circuit more complicated and not too approval die and no longer exemplify!
A kind of shockproof disaster relief device embodiment.The first exemplify earlier wherein a kind of by different observing and controlling patterns and deposit and optionally multi-functional enforcement such as Figure 18 that observes and predicts alarm device illustrate: in the drawings by in the device of comprehensive Mageneto-sensitive type seismological sensor (16) position, main statement observe and predict in the alarm device at first be by a kind of employing in length and breadth interlock observe and predict the existence of method.In addition in this device simultaneously also and have a compressional wave seismological sensor (14), compressional wave sensor process messenger wire and messenger wire connection or release mechanism (31) hang vertical (3) with known other shear wave seismological sensor (7) and band pole and constitute the enforcement that second kind of comprehensive survey shaken scheme or title and be stored in a new observing and controlling alternative mode among the survey shake device, and be included in and hang the bottom of hanging down and added Mageneto-sensitive type shear wave seismological sensor (15) etc. again, be statement can by user's operating power switch (K-1) and branch switch (K1.1-K1.3) constitute alternative mode adjusting function and with being connected of interlock circuit, finish classifying alarm etc. as illustrating by figure 12.In this device, also can increase in addition as earthquake precursors and catch additional other type of alarm.And adopt unique sound (as language) and colour lamplight as independently auxiliary prompting warning, can set up known technology outlines such as independent unlatching gauge tap separately.
It two is that external sound collection and monitoring and message just recorded are implemented to be illustrated promptly by Figure 13 and Figure 14 and finished.
It three is that survival condition is differentiated and distress signal sends to be illustrated by Figure 15 and Figure 16 and finishes, and can get final product with reference to description of drawings enforcement.The common enforcement that constitutes a kind of new protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters device, the suitable design that is called " earthquake mitigation black box " of foregoing.
Claims (8)
1. earthquake alarm method, by settling the compressional wave seismological sensor to detect the primary seismic wave signal in the earthquake detection warning device, deliver to compressional wave collection and observing and controlling warning circuit, detect the survey shake alarm method that the secondary wave signal is delivered to shear wave signals collecting and telemetry circuit formation with arrangement shear wave signal seismological sensor, it is characterized in that: the comprehensive seismological sensor (16) that is combined into by heavily hang down (3) and potentiometer (10) and spring (4) or magnet (5) and magneto sensor (6) and spring (4), adopt compressional wave and shear wave to survey the method for shake signal continuously, prevent the part disappearance and the error of measured signal, the survey shake alarm method that realization prevents to report by mistake or fail to report specifically can be divided into the detection mode that following different components constitutes;
Forming comprehensive seismological sensor (16) by magneto sensor, is by spring (4), magnet (5) being combined into comprehensive survey shake mode with magneto sensor (6), preventing the survey shake type of alarm (figure five illustrates) of reporting by mistake or failing to report;
Form comprehensive seismological sensor (16) by potentiometer, be by spring (4), potentiometer shaft (9), heavily hang down (3) form comprehensive survey shake mode, prevent the survey shake type of alarm (figure six illustrates) of reporting by mistake or failing to report.
2. earthquake alarm method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described realization prevents that the survey shake method of reporting by mistake or failing to report from being a kind of to vertical component in the detection P ripple and horizontal component signal, carry out the detection mode of interlock, the vertical component of directly gathering compressional wave by compressional wave sensor (14) or wave detector (7), horizontal component is by the collection that continues of band pole vertical (3) the interlock mode by messenger wire (1) of hanging, especially the signal of S ripple still must be by the survey shake method of obtaining on the wave detector, and ascending setting step by step constitutes (figure three or figure eight illustrate) with the triggering warning circuit to signal jointly through threshold values again.
3. earthquake alarm method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described seismological sensor is a kind of contactless magnetic sensitive seismological sensor, wherein magneto sensor (6) comprises that mistor, magnetic transister or Hall pass element and magnetic is hung vertical (5) formation, and its signal is used for earthquake alarming device by collection and observing and controlling warning circuit (Figure 11) output.
4. earthquake alarm method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described potentiometer formula seismological sensor, be by potentiometer (10), potentiometer shaft (9), spring (4), with messenger wire (1) or heavily hang down (3) constitute continuous action relation, signal is exported by resistor disc terminal (13), especially deliver to the signal continuous acquisition, threshold values is ascending, promptly by of the continuous setting of S ripple, and generate step by step that the alerting signal of continuous trigger is used for the earthquake measuring alarm device to the P ripple.
5. protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters device of realizing the described method of claim 1 to 4, by housing, power supply, sensor and control circuit are formed, wherein detect the compressional wave signal by primary wave sensor, be connected to compressional wave observing and controlling warning circuit and realize that compressional wave triggers warning, with detect the secondary wave signal by secondary wave sensor and be connected to shear wave threshold value setting circuit, multifunctional warning device with threshold value setting and triggering warning executive circuit composition, and in warning device, increased message just recorded, data storage and distress signal send content, constitute a kind of multi-functional protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters device and it is characterized in that:
Constitute and can singly select or these detection modes of final election by multiple different detection modes, be combined into the pattern of observing and predicting and the optional warning device of various modes respectively with function difference, and but the different alarm modes of selected control are connection or the release mechanisms (31) that midway is provided with by messenger wire, or litter locking mechanism (31) and the switch (K1.1-K1.3) in signals collecting, threshold value setting circuit (Figure 11) constitute the function controlling device of alternative mode jointly;
Also comprise compressional wave shear wave difference interlock survey shake device and survey the shake device by the comprehensive signal of single sensor, signal is transported to signals collecting, threshold value setting, trigger circuit (figure 11), a kind of multifunctional sound warning device that classified again continuous alarm executive circuit is finished by terminal (11-13);
Sue and labour the sound through sound selector switch (K-3) access external sound collection and monitoring amplifying circuit (figure 13) by ground, pass through sound transducer selector switch (K-3.1) with message just recorded, finish the memory storage of personal information and message just recorded and seismic signal with recording playback module and memory circuit (figure 14), reaching to improve the lifesaving effect adopts distinguishable survival condition to differentiate gauge tap (AN-1, AN-2) circuit, and life saving signal generation circuit (figure 15) is finished the life saving signal collection and is selected different carriers to send a kind of protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters device of control with different launching carrier selected control circuit (figure 16).
6. realize the described protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters device of claim 5 for one kind, it is characterized in that: described multi-functional optional warning device is to add a kind of earthquake precursors type of alarm in warning device, vertical by hanging (3) two ends all adopt messenger wire and spring to form with potentiometer (10) and servo axis (9), single potentiometer can detect the detection mode formation of compressional wave and two kinds of signals of shear wave, or increase the anti-independent warning device of failing to report of a kind of anti-compressional wave, be to detect compressional wave and part shear wave signal by suspention compressional wave wave detector (7), and at the lower curtate of sensor (7) magnetic is set and hangs vertical (5), reconstruct shear wave with magneto sensor (6) and survey the shake mode, be multiple detection mode and deposit and, can singly select or the detector and alarm that the shake mode constitutes is surveyed in final election by switch control.
7. realize the described protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters device of claim 5 for one kind, it is characterized in that: the sound of described message just recorded, data storage is that the sound wave aperture (17) by solid-state sound transducer (MIC-2) imports into, conduct with face contact type sound conduction film (18), the ground aural signal of suing and labouring is imported into signal in the recording playback module storage by selector switch (K-3) and typing selector switch (K-3.1), also can all sound or distress signals be selected into transtation mission circuit simultaneously by sending selector switch (K-4).
8. realize the described protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters device of claim 5 for one kind, it is characterized in that: described distinguishable survival condition is differentiated the launching carrier control circuit of control, adopt manually-operated press push button (AN1) then to change another kind of transmission time interval into, provide control by duty cycle circuit two (26).When being interrupted to send, press push button (AN-2) Shi Youyuan changes continuous transmission into, or call for help pattern and convert the live transmission of sound to and wait and differentiate the technical measures that survival condition is declared, comprise that also send mode is converted to the control methods that the infrared ray send mode improves the lifesaving effect by switch (K-5).
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| CN201310270524.8A CN103954990B (en) | 2011-01-30 | 2011-01-30 | Shockproof alarm method and lifesaving black box |
| CN 201110038495 CN102183784B (en) | 2011-01-30 | 2011-01-30 | Seism warning method and device |
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| CN 201110038495 CN102183784B (en) | 2011-01-30 | 2011-01-30 | Seism warning method and device |
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| CN201310270524.8A Division CN103954990B (en) | 2011-01-30 | 2011-01-30 | Shockproof alarm method and lifesaving black box |
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| CN103680072A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-26 | 广东省特种设备检测研究院 | Earthquake early warning device and method used for elevator |
| CN105407435A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-16 | 宁波柏人艾电子有限公司 | Audio adjusting circuit |
| CN105825638A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-08-03 | 漳浦县圆周率工业设计有限公司 | Optical fiber channel-monitored earthquake detecting and alarming device |
| CN105954790A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-21 | 西南交通大学 | Fast earthquake hypo-central distance estimation method for earthquake early warning system |
| CN106940921A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-07-11 | 中山市凯尔斯照明有限公司 | A kind of earthquake alarm small tangerine lamp |
| CN107884819A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The micro-seismic event linkage monitoring method and system folded based on the time |
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| CN106940921B (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2022-11-25 | 中山市凯尔斯照明有限公司 | Earthquake warning small orange lamp |
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