CN102183555B - Method for rapidly determining floride pollution of water - Google Patents
Method for rapidly determining floride pollution of water Download PDFInfo
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- CN102183555B CN102183555B CN 201110059718 CN201110059718A CN102183555B CN 102183555 B CN102183555 B CN 102183555B CN 201110059718 CN201110059718 CN 201110059718 CN 201110059718 A CN201110059718 A CN 201110059718A CN 102183555 B CN102183555 B CN 102183555B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly determining floride pollution of water. According to the method, a floride ion selective electrode is selected to detect floride content of water in Tianjin urban area, results show that the floride content in rivers is mostly within the range of 0.800-1.000, and the floride content in lakes is mostly more than 1.100, the fluidity of water influences the content of floride ions, and the floride content is influenced by the environments surrounding water. The method is used for rapidly determining the floride pollution of water, and has significance in environment protection.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection detection technique field, it is related to irrigation, reasonable utilization of the specialty such as cultivation to river, Lake Water, more specifically a kind of method of quick measure floride pollution of water.
Background technology
Water resources in china quality constantly declines, water environment is continuous worsening, water shortage and accident caused by pollution constantly occur, not only make plant downtime, the agriculture underproduction or even have no harvest, and cause bad social influence and larger economic loss, the sustainable development of society has seriously been threatened, the existence of the mankind has been threatened.Monitored according to environment department, at least 100,000,000 tons sewage are unprocessed is directly discharged into water body daily in national cities and towns.More than half section water quality is contaminated in national seven big water systems, after water pollution, and by drinking-water or food chain, pollutant enters human body, makes one acute or chronic poisoning.For example, arsenic, chromium, ammonium class, stupid simultaneously (a) pyrene etc., can also induce cancer.The water of heavy metal pollution, has harm to the health of people.By the water of cadmium pollution, food, after human diet, kidney, bone lesion can be caused, 20 milligrams of cadmium sulfate is taken in, will result in death.The poisoning that lead is caused, causes anaemia, mentally deranged.Cr VI has very big toxicity, causes skin ulcer, also carcinogenesis.Drink the water containing arsenic, it may occur that acute or chronic poisoning.Arsenic makes many enzymes be suppressed or lose activity, and causes organism metabolism obstacle, and skin keratin triggers cutaneum carcinoma.Organophosphorus pesticide can cause neurotoxic, and organo-chlorine pesticide can be accumulated in fat, the endocrine of humans and animals, immunologic function, Reproductive Performance are caused harm.Condensed-nuclei aromatics majority has carcinogenesis.Cyanide is also extremely toxic substance, into after blood, is combined with the chromo-oxidase of cell, makes breath interruption, causes respiratory failure death by suffocation.It is known that 80% disease is relevant with water in the world.Typhoid fever, cholera, gastroenteritis, dysentery, infectiousness liver class are the big diseases of the mankind five, and unclean by water causes.At present, people, which have appreciated that, to be developed the economy with destroying ecological environment, and such cost is too big.China has pointed out the healthy strategy of Sustainable Socioeconomic Development and the protection people, and a series of strong measures are taken to regulation water pollution.
Water is material for the survival of mankind, and fluorine is then the essential element of human body, and fluorine safety and suitable intake are 3.0~4.5mg to adult for each person every day for each person.It is excessive or it is very few can all cause bad influence to human body, intake is not enough easily to occur carious tooth disease, and intake is crossed and can at most cause osteoporosis or even fracture.Fluorine element is widely present and in earth's surface, water meter and air, what is done by normal survey project this paper of the every field such as Food Inspection, the detection of beverage production environment, soil, water quality and medical and health is measure to content of fluoride ion in water.The conventional assay method of fluorine ion is Electrode potential logging, and the electrode of use is fluoride ion selective electrode.It has the advantages that it is simple in construction firmly, sensitivity is high, fast response time and be widely used.
The content of the invention
The present invention makees ionic strength buffer (TISAB) using sodium citrate-potassium nitrate, and influence of the salt to current potential, the method for inquiring into fluorine in fluorine ion selective electrode determining water are eliminated using standard addition method.Experiment water sample is adopted in each Big Lakess in Tianjin, river.The measurement result of the present invention, can show the influencing factor of fluorine ions in water body content, and help to instruct to irrigate, reasonable utilization of the specialty such as cultivation to river, Lake Water.This experiment detects Tianjin City water body Oil repellent from fluoride ion selective electrode; test result indicate that the Oil repellent in river is most between 0.800-1.000; lake is more more than 1.100; this explanation water body mobility influence whether fluorine ion number; and the influence of water body surrounding environment is also suffered from, therefore embody the importance of environmental protection.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the invention discloses a kind of method of quick measure floride pollution of water, it is characterised in that is carried out by the steps：
（1）Water body example：Gather Tianjin City Haihe River water sample；
（2）Total ionic strength adjusts the preparation of cushioning liquid：The citric acid monohydrate sodium of 58.8g bis- and 85.0g sodium nitrate are weighed, is dissolved in water, then pH is adjusted to 5~6 with HCl, is transferred in 1000mL volumetric flasks, is diluted to graticule；
（3）The preparation of fluoride standard liquid and the measure of standard curve：With taking 1.00 respectively without indexing suction pipe, 3.00,5.00,10.00,20.00mL fluoride standard liquids, be placed in 50 mL volumetric flasks, 10mL buffer solutions are settled to scale with distilled water；As 0.2,0.6,1.0,2.0,4.0 μ g/mL fluorine standard series；Pour into successively in 50ml plastic cups from thin to thick, the fluoride electrode of baseline potential will be rinsed into, please ask suck dry moisture with filter paper, be inserted together with reference electrode in solution, under moderate-speed mixer, determine E values；
（4）The measure of sample：10ml samples are pipetted in beaker, add 10ml buffer solutions, use 50ml volumetric flask constant volumes, then it is rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential value, suck dry moisture and reference electrode are inserted in prepare liquid together, prepare liquid potential response value stabilization, reads E values, corresponding Funing tablet C is found on standard curve under agitation.
The method of quick measure floride pollution of water of the present invention, wherein step（4）In stirring speed be 50-80 revs/min.
The method of quick measure floride pollution of water of the present invention, wherein step（1）In Tianjin City Haihe River water sample refer to Jin He, Ziyahe River, Xinkai River, Wei Jinhe, northern canal.
The more detailed preparation method of the present invention：
1 develops materials and methods：
1.1Water body example：Tianjin City Haihe River (new Hongqiao, Buddha's warrior attendant bridge, Bei'an bridge, liberation bridge, Chi Fengqiao, big bright bridge section）, Jin He（Mustard garden bridge, Chang Jiangqiao, infectious hospital, a central hospital, wrist watch plant's section）, Ziyahe River（Outer ring segment, middle ring segment）, Xinkai River（Beijing-Tianjin bridge, Xin Kaiqiao, salt stick together bridge section）, Wei Jinhe（Seven Li Tai, Ba Litai, Bin Shuiqiao, discipline village's bridge section）, northern canal（Xi Gu, hardworking and thrifty bridge, Tian Mu towns section）And Tian Ta lakes 1, Tian Ta lakes 2, southern big lake, day big lake, lake Tian Ta lakes 2 waterborne, southern big lake, day big lake, lake waterborne, paradise lake, VolksGarden lake, the peaceful park lake in north.
Method of production
1.2.1Total ionic strength adjusts cushioning liquid（TISAB）Preparation weigh the citric acid monohydrate sodium of 58.8g bis- and 85.0g sodium nitrate, be dissolved in water, then with HCl adjust pH to 5~6, be transferred in 1000mL volumetric flasks, be diluted to graticule;.
The preparation of fluoride standard liquid and the measure of standard curve
With taking 1.00 respectively without indexing suction pipe, 3.00,5.00,10.00,20.00mL fluoride standard liquids, be placed in 50mL volumetric flasks, 10ml buffer solutions are settled to scale with distilled water.As 0.2,0.6,1.0,2.0,4.0 μ g/ml fluorine standard series.Pour into successively in 50ml plastic cups from thin to thick, the fluoride electrode of baseline potential will be rinsed into, please ask suck dry moisture with filter paper, be inserted together with reference electrode in solution, under moderate-speed mixer, determine E values.
The measure of sample：
10ml samples are pipetted in beaker, add 10ml TISAB, use 50ml volumetric flask constant volumes, then it is rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential value, suck dry moisture and reference electrode are inserted in prepare liquid together, prepare liquid potential response value stabilization, reads E values, corresponding Funing tablet C is found on standard curve under agitation.
The problem of noting
Fluoride ion selective electrode should not for a long time be preserved in water, such as long-term without that should rinsing well and be allowed to dry, using a few hours that are preceding soaked in water, after after potential value balance can be used, avoiding soaking for a long time in highly concentrated solution, in order to avoid damage electrode.Electrode is intended to fully be rinsed well with water using front and rear, and sucks moisture content with filter paper, puts in atmosphere, or be placed in dilute chloride standard liquid.If the short time does not use, it should clean, suck moisture content, put the protective cap of guard electrode sensitive part.Stirring can accelerate the response speed of electrode, but mixing speed is again unsuitable excessive, because stirring can raise the temperature of test solution, and temperature T not only influences the response slope and normal potential of electrode, it can also affect on other performances of electrode, the solubility of such as active material, so as to introduce measurement error.
2 development results are analyzed
2.1Standard curve：E=57.403lgC-238.31 coefficient R=0.9999
2.2Determination data
According to the potential measurements of each water sample, it may be seen that absolute value of the absolute value of the potential value in river generally than the potential value in lake is high from data, this explanation river in content of fluoride ion it is fewer than the content in lake, as a result can in next data form explanation.Meanwhile, eliminate the influence of other ions as much as possible after screening agent is added.
Table 1
Haihe River
From each section of the content of fluoride ion data in Haihe River, substantially gap very little, the concentration of big light bridge is minimum because the vehicle flowrate of Haihe River two sides is relatively small, and other each section all in trunk section, so numerical value is larger, and in addition to big bright bridge section, remaining each section of riverbank just completes to redecorate, so concentration is also had a certain impact, but on the whole all below 1.000, therefore have fish large number of viable in water body, but be not suitable for cooking drinking water.
Jin He
The data that Tianjin river sample is measured, varying widely property, wherein mustard garden bridge, Chang Jiangqiao, wrist watch plant's concentration are about 0.900 or so, and this is due to that Jin He river courses are narrower, the reason for mobility is small, and around Middle Ring Line, air quality is not good.The numerical value of infectious hospital is smaller, and the water surface is also the reason for freezing when being due to sampling, and this shows that temperature can also play certain influence to the content of fluoride ion in water body.And hospital water is mostly by disinfecting, so two hospital's concentration are relatively small.Also there is Fish Survival in water body, illustrate to can be used for the purposes such as irrigating, rinse, be not useable for drinking.
Each stream segment data in four rivers in table shows Wei Jinhe, the concentration value of Ziyahe River is smaller, between 0.6000-0.9000, reason is larger for Jin He mobility, environment around Ziyahe River is preferable, pollution is small, people, vehicle flowrate is small, Xinkai River carries out road construction due to surrounding, and in old cottage area, so the environment around riverbank is poor, sanitary fill is serious, the Fluoride release in solid is caused to enter water body, the situation in northern canal and Xinkai River are essentially identical, concentration is more than 1.000, now water body color is sent out blackish green, fish are few, and there is fishes and shrimps corpse to float on around riverbank, illustrate a large amount of existence of this concentration unsuitable fishes and shrimps, it is seriously polluted.
Urban district lake
The content of fluoride ion in Tianjin City lake is mostly more than 1.000, reason is the influence of mobility, the numerical value in wherein day big lake is minimum, reason is that day big lake surrounding environment is good, and the numerical value of long park rainbow is maximum, and reason is that lake ambient contamination rubbish is more, and lake surface is small, there is no mobility, do not possess self-purification capacity, therefore content is big.Its remainder values is all between 1.000-1.700, and the intensive lake relative value of stream of people's activity is big, illustrates that influence of the crowd behaviour to environment is larger.
Population mean compares
It can be seen that the concentration of urban centre is less than the concentration of city's area edge from the concentration values in each river, reason is the influence of surrounding environment rubbish, and Xinkai River, northern canal are close to city's area edge, and environment supervision is relatively small, the decline of environmental quality is caused, fluorine ions in water body content is had influence on.
3 develop conclusion
Content of fluoride ion in river in Tianjin City, Lake Water is influenceed by mobility, and flowing can reduce the content of fluorine ion.The fluorine ion that content of fluoride ion in water is also suffered from embankment around the influence of surrounding environment, riverbank, native stone, rubbish can be penetrated into water.It is especially higher with the Oil repellent in rubbish, it is noted that protection riverbank, lake surrounding environment, prevent pollution.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that new Hongqiao Buddha's warrior attendant bridge Bei'an bridge liberates the big bright each section of fluorinion concentration value in Qiao Jin rivers of bridge Chifeng's bridge；
Fig. 2 is that seven Li Tai, Ba Litai, Bin Shuiqiao, discipline village, Beijing-Tianjin bridge, Xin Kaiqiao, salt Tuo Qiao, sub- tooth be outer, sub- tooth jackshaft, Xi Gu, hardworking and thrifty bridge, each section of fluorinion concentration value of Tian Mu Qiao；
Fig. 3 is Tian Ta lakes 1, Tian Ta lakes 2, southern big lake, day big lake, lake waterborne 1, lake waterborne 2, Changhong lake 1, Changhong lake 2, paradise lake, VolksGarden, peaceful each section of the park fluorinion concentration value in north；
Fig. 4 is Haihe River, Jin He, Wei Jinhe, Xinkai River, Ziyahe River, northern each section of canal fluorinion concentration value.
Embodiment
For purposes of simplicity and clarity, the hereafter appropriate description for eliminating known technology, in case those unnecessary details influence descriptions to the technical program.Below in conjunction with example, the present invention is described further.
（1）Water body example：The southern big lake water sample of collection；
（2）Total ionic strength adjusts the preparation of cushioning liquid：The citric acid monohydrate sodium of 58.8g bis- and 85.0g sodium nitrate are weighed, is dissolved in water, then pH is adjusted to 5~6 with HCl, is transferred in 1000mL volumetric flasks, is diluted to graticule；
（3）The preparation of fluoride standard liquid and the measure of standard curve：With taking 1.00 respectively without indexing suction pipe, 3.00,5.00,10.00,20.00mL fluoride standard liquids, be placed in 50 mL volumetric flasks, 10mL buffer solutions are settled to scale with distilled water；As 0.2,0.6,1.0,2.0,4.0 μ g/mL fluorine standard series；Pour into successively in 50ml plastic cups from thin to thick, the fluoride electrode of baseline potential will be rinsed into, please ask suck dry moisture with filter paper, be inserted together with reference electrode in solution, under moderate-speed mixer, determine E values；
（4）The measure of sample：10ml samples are pipetted in beaker, add 10ml buffer solutions, use 50ml volumetric flask constant volumes, then it is rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential value, suck dry moisture and reference electrode are inserted in prepare liquid together, prepare liquid potential response value stabilization, reads E values, corresponding Funing tablet is found on standard curve under agitation.
（1）Water body example：Gather Tianjin City Haihe River water sample（New Hongqiao）；
（2）Total ionic strength adjusts the preparation of cushioning liquid：The citric acid monohydrate sodium of 58.8g bis- and 85.0g sodium nitrate are weighed, is dissolved in water, then pH is adjusted to 5~6 with HCl, is transferred in 1000mL volumetric flasks, is diluted to graticule；
（3）The preparation of fluoride standard liquid and the measure of standard curve：With taking 1.00 respectively without indexing suction pipe, 3.00,5.00,10.00,20.00mL fluoride standard liquids, be placed in 50 mL volumetric flasks, 10mL buffer solutions are settled to scale with distilled water；As 0.2,0.6,1.0,2.0,4.0 μ g/mL fluorine standard series；Pour into successively in 50ml plastic cups from thin to thick, the fluoride electrode of baseline potential will be rinsed into, please ask suck dry moisture with filter paper, be inserted together with reference electrode in solution, under moderate-speed mixer, determine E values；
（4）The measure of sample：10ml samples are pipetted in beaker, add 10ml buffer solutions, use 50ml volumetric flask constant volumes, then it is rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential value, suck dry moisture and reference electrode are inserted in prepare liquid together, prepare liquid potential response value stabilization, reads E values, corresponding Funing tablet is found on standard curve under agitation.
（1）Water body example：Gather Tianjin City Haihe River water sample（Infectious hospital）；
（2）Total ionic strength adjusts the preparation of cushioning liquid：The citric acid monohydrate sodium of 58.8g bis- and 85.0g sodium nitrate are weighed, is dissolved in water, then pH is adjusted to 5~6 with HCl, is transferred in 1000mL volumetric flasks, is diluted to graticule；
（3）The preparation of fluoride standard liquid and the measure of standard curve：With taking 1.00 respectively without indexing suction pipe, 3.00,5.00,10.00,20.00mL fluoride standard liquids, be placed in 50 mL volumetric flasks, 10mL buffer solutions are settled to scale with distilled water；As 0.2,0.6,1.0,2.0,4.0 μ g/mL fluorine standard series；Pour into successively in 50ml plastic cups from thin to thick, the fluoride electrode of baseline potential will be rinsed into, please ask suck dry moisture with filter paper, be inserted together with reference electrode in solution, under moderate-speed mixer, determine E values；
（4）The measure of sample：10ml samples are pipetted in beaker, add 10ml buffer solutions, use 50ml volumetric flask constant volumes, then it is rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential value, suck dry moisture and reference electrode are inserted in prepare liquid together, prepare liquid potential response value stabilization, reads E values, corresponding Funing tablet is found on standard curve under agitation.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method of quick measure floride pollution of water, it is characterised in that carried out by the steps：
（1）Water body example：Gather Tianjin City Haihe River water sample；
（2）Total ionic strength adjusts the preparation of cushioning liquid：The citric acid monohydrate sodium of 58.8g bis- and 85.0g sodium nitrate are weighed, is dissolved in water, then pH is adjusted to 5~6 with HCl, is transferred in 1000mL volumetric flasks, is diluted to graticule；
（3）The preparation of fluoride standard liquid and the measure of standard curve：With taking 1.00 respectively without indexing suction pipe, 3.00,5.00,10.00,20.00mL fluoride standard liquids, be placed in 50 mL volumetric flasks, 10mL buffer solutions are settled to scale with distilled water；As 0.2,0.6,1.0,2.0,4.0 μ g/mL fluorine standard series；Pour into successively in 50ml plastic cups from thin to thick, the fluoride electrode of baseline potential will be rinsed into, inserted with filter paper suck dry moisture together with reference electrode in solution, under moderate-speed mixer, determine E values；
（4）The measure of sample：10ml samples are pipetted in beaker, add 10ml buffer solutions, use 50ml volumetric flask constant volumes, then it is rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential value, suck dry moisture and reference electrode are inserted in prepare liquid together, prepare liquid potential response value stabilization under being stirred at 50-80 revs/min, reads E values, corresponding Funing tablet C is found on standard curve；Wherein step（1）In Tianjin City Haihe River water sample refer to Jin He, Ziyahe River, Xinkai River, Wei Jinhe, northern canal.
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| CN102175745A (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2011-09-07 | 天津师范大学 | Method for quickly detecting fluorine content in specific vegetables |
| CN102914507B (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for detecting fluorine content in water by utilizing escherichia coli |
| WO2014078829A1 (en) | 2012-11-19 | 2014-05-22 | Abb Technology Ag | Assessment of power system equipment for equipment maintenance and/or risk mitigation |
| CN104569112A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-04-29 | 安徽科微智能科技有限公司 | Continuous on-line water ion concentration detection method based on ion selective electrode |
| CN109813783A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-05-28 | 山东省产品质量检验研究院 | A kind of detection method improving wire and cable fluorine content measurement precision |
| CN111650331A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-09-11 | 广东佳纳能源科技有限公司 | Method for measuring fluorine content in nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101514972A (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2009-08-26 | 彩虹彩色显像管总厂 | Fluorine concentration fast-check method |
| CN101793857A (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2010-08-04 | 谱尼测试科技（北京）有限公司 | Method for detecting content of fluoride in environment by ion selective electrode method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101514972A (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2009-08-26 | 彩虹彩色显像管总厂 | Fluorine concentration fast-check method |
| CN101793857A (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2010-08-04 | 谱尼测试科技（北京）有限公司 | Method for detecting content of fluoride in environment by ion selective electrode method |
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