CN102183555A - Method for rapidly determining floride pollution of water - Google Patents
Method for rapidly determining floride pollution of water Download PDFInfo
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- CN102183555A CN102183555A CN2011100597184A CN201110059718A CN102183555A CN 102183555 A CN102183555 A CN 102183555A CN 2011100597184 A CN2011100597184 A CN 2011100597184A CN 201110059718 A CN201110059718 A CN 201110059718A CN 102183555 A CN102183555 A CN 102183555A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly determining floride pollution of water. According to the method, a floride ion selective electrode is selected to detect floride content of water in Tianjin urban area, results show that the floride content in rivers is mostly within the range of 0.800-1.000, and the floride content in lakes is mostly more than 1.100, the fluidity of water influences the content of floride ions, and the floride content is influenced by the environments surrounding water. The method is used for rapidly determining the floride pollution of water, and has significance in environment protection.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection detection technique field, relate to irrigation, specialties such as breed are to the reasonable utilization of river, lake water, the method for a kind of fast measuring water body fluoride pollution of more specifically saying so.
Background technology
The water resources in china quality constantly descends, water environment continues to worsen, because polluting the lack of water and the accident that are caused constantly takes place, not only make plant downtime, the agriculture underproduction even total crop failure, and bad social influence and bigger economic loss have been caused, seriously threaten social sustainable development, threatened human existence.According to environment department monitoring, national cities and towns have 100,000,000 tons of unprocessed water bodys that directly enter of sewage every day at least.Section over half water quality is polluted in the seven big water systems of the whole nation, and after the water pollution, by drinking-water or food chain, pollutant enters human body, makes the acute or slow poisoning of people.For example, arsenic, chromium, ammonium class, stupid also (a) pyrene etc. also can bring out cancer.The water of heavy metal pollution all has harm to people's health.By the water of cadmium pollution, food, behind the human diet, can cause kidney, bone pathology, take in 20 milligrams of cadmium sulfates, will cause death.The poisoning that lead causes causes anaemia, and is mentally deranged.Sexavalent chrome has very big toxicity, causes skin ulcer, also has carcinogenesis.Drink the water that contains arsenic, acute or slow poisoning can take place.Arsenic is suppressed many enzymes or loses activity, and causes the organism metabolism obstacle, and skin keratinization causes cutaneum carcinoma.Organophosphorus pesticide can cause neurotoxic, and organo-chlorine pesticide can be accumulated in fat, and endocrine, immunologic function, the reproduction function of humans and animals all worked the mischief.The condensed-nuclei aromatics majority has carcinogenesis.Prussiate also is an extremely toxic substance, enter blood after, combine with the chromo-oxidase of cell, make and breathe to interrupt, cause respiratory failure death by suffocation.We know that 80% disease is relevant with water in the world.Typhoid fever, cholera, gastroenteritis, dysentery, infectiousness liver class are human five big diseases, cause by the unclean of water.At present, people have recognized and can not develop the economy to destroy ecologic environment that such cost is too big.China has proposed the strategy of social economy's sustainable development and protection people health, and a series of strong measures have been taked in the regulation water pollution.
Water is the material that the mankind depend on for existence, and fluorine then is the requisite element of human body, and on average fluorine safety and suitable intake are 3.0～4.5mg to the adult for each person every day.Too much or very fewly all can cause bad influence to human body, intake is not enough, and carious tooth disease is easily taken place, and intake is crossed at most and can be caused osteoporosis even fracture.In the extensive existence of fluorine element and the face of land, water meter and the atmosphere, what done for normal survey project this paper of every field such as Food Inspection, beverage production environment measuring, soil, water quality and medical and health is mensuration to content of fluoride ion in the water.The assay method of fluorine ion routine is the electrode potential method, and the electrode of employing is a fluoride ion selective electrode.It has firm, highly sensitive, advantage such as response speed is fast simple in structure and is widely used.
Summary of the invention
The present invention adopts sodium citrate-potassium nitrate to make ionic strength buffer (TISAB), adopts standard addition method to eliminate the influence of salt to current potential, inquires into the method for fluorine in the fluorine ion selective electrode determining water.The experiment water sample is adopted each big lake, river in Tianjin.Measurement result of the present invention can demonstrate the influencing factor of content of fluoride ion in the water body, and helps to instruct irrigation, and specialties such as breed are to the reasonable utilization of river, lake water.This experiment selects for use fluoride ion selective electrode to detect urban district, Tianjin water body fluorine content; experimental result shows that fluorine content in the river is mostly between 0.800-1.000; the lake is many more than 1.100; what of fluorine ion are the flowability of this explanation water body can have influence on; and also can be subjected to the influence of water body surrounding environment, so embody the importance of protection environment.
For achieving the above object, the invention discloses a kind of method of fast measuring water body fluoride pollution, it is characterized in that being undertaken by following step:
(1) water body example: gather Haihe River, urban district, Tianjin water sample;
(2) the total ionic strength adjustment buffer degree is regulated the preparation of buffer solution: take by weighing 58.8g two hydration sodium citrates and 85.0g sodium nitrate, be dissolved in water, regulate pH to 5～6 with HCl then, change in the 1000mL volumetric flask, be diluted to graticule;
(3) mensuration of the preparation of fluoride standard solution and typical curve: with no calibration suction pipe get 1.00,3.00,5.00,10.00 respectively, 20.00mL fluoride standard solution, place 50 mL volumetric flasks, the 10mL damping fluid is settled to scale with distilled water; Be the fluorine standard series of 0.2,0.6,1.0,2.0,4.0 μ g/mL; Pour into successively from thin to thick in the 50ml plastic cup,, please ask suck dry moisture, insert in the solution, under middling speed stirs, measure the E value with contrast electrode with filter paper with being rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential;
(4) mensuration of sample: pipette the 10ml sample in beaker, add the 10ml damping fluid again, with 50ml volumetric flask constant volume, be rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential value then, suck dry moisture and contrast electrode insert in the liquid to be measured together, liquid potential response value stabilization under agitation to be measured reads the E value, finds corresponding fluorine concentration C on typical curve.
The method of fast measuring water body fluoride pollution of the present invention, wherein the speed of the stirring in the step (4) is 50-80 rev/min.
The method of fast measuring water body fluoride pollution of the present invention, wherein Haihe River, urban district, the Tianjin water sample in the step (1) refers to Jin He, Ziyahe River, Xinkai River, Wei Jinhe, northern canal.
The more detailed preparation method of the present invention:
1 development materials and methods:
1.1 water body example: (new Hongqiao, Haihe River, urban district, Tianjin, the Buddha's warrior attendant bridge, the Bei'an bridge, the liberation bridge, Chi Fengqiao, big bright bridge section), Jin He (mustard garden bridge, Chang Jiangqiao, infectious hospital, one central hospital, wrist watch plant's section), Ziyahe River (outer shroud section, middle ring section), Xinkai River (Beijing-Tianjin bridge, newly open bridge, the salt bridge section that sticks together), Wei Jinhe (Qi Litai, eight li platforms, guest's water bridge, discipline village's bridge section), north canal (Xi Gu, hardworking and thrifty bridge, Tian Mu town section) and Tian Ta lake 1, Tian Ta lake 2, the Nanjing University lake, it big lake, Tian Ta lake, lake waterborne 2, the Nanjing University lake, it big lake, lake waterborne, the lake, paradise, the lake, VolksGarden, peaceful lake, park, north.
Method of production
1.2.1 the total ionic strength adjustment buffer degree is regulated the preparation of buffer solution (TISAB) and is taken by weighing 58.8g two hydration sodium citrates and 85.0g sodium nitrate, is dissolved in water, and regulates pH to 5～6 with HCl then, changes in the 1000mL volumetric flask, is diluted to graticule;
The preparation of fluoride standard solution and the mensuration of typical curve
With no calibration suction pipe get 1.00,3.00,5.00,10.00 respectively, 20.00mL fluoride standard solution, place the 50mL volumetric flask, the 10ml damping fluid is settled to scale with distilled water.Be the fluorine standard series of 0.2,0.6,1.0,2.0,4.0 μ g/ml.Pour into successively from thin to thick in the 50ml plastic cup,, please ask suck dry moisture, insert in the solution, under middling speed stirs, measure the E value with contrast electrode with filter paper with being rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential.
The mensuration of sample:
Pipette the 10ml sample in beaker, add 10ml TISAB again, with 50ml volumetric flask constant volume, be rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential value then, suck dry moisture and contrast electrode insert in the liquid to be measured together, liquid potential response value stabilization under agitation to be measured reads the E value, finds corresponding fluorine concentration C on typical curve.
The problem of noting
Fluoride ion selective electrode should not be preserved in that water is medium-term and long-term, as for a long time need not, should rinse well and put driedly, be soaked in water a few hours before use, treat can use after the potential value balance, avoid in highly concentrated solution, soaking for a long time, in order to avoid damage electrode.Electrode all wants water fully to rinse well before and after using, and inhales the part of anhydrating with filter paper, is placed in the air, perhaps is placed in rare chloride standard solution.If the short time does not re-use, should clean, inhale the part of anhydrating, put the tin hat of guard electrode sensitive part.Stirring can be accelerated the response speed of electrode, but stirring rate is unsuitable excessive again, because stirring can make the temperature of test solution raise, and temperature T not only influences the response slope and the normal potential of electrode, also may influence other performances of electrode,, thereby introduce measuring error as the solubleness of active material.
2 development results analyses
2.1 typical curve: E=57.403lgC-238.31 coefficient R=0.9999
2.2 determination data
Potential measurement value according to each water sample, we can see that the absolute value of potential value in river is generally than the absolute value height of the potential value in lake from data, content of fluoride ion in this explanation river lacks than the content in the lake, and the result can illustrate in next data form.Simultaneously, after adding screening agent, eliminate the influence of other ions as much as possible.
Table 1
Haihe River
It seems from the content of fluoride ion data of each section of Haihe River, basically gap is very little, the concentration of big bright bridge is minimum because the vehicle flowrate of two sides, Haihe River is less relatively, and other each sections all are in the trunk highway section, so numerical value is bigger, and except that big bright bridge section, all the other each section riverbanks have just been finished and have been redecorated, thus concentration also there is certain influence, but on the whole all below 1.000, so in the water body fish large number of viable is arranged, but is not suitable for cooking potable water.
Jin He
The data that Tianjin river sample is measured have very big variability, and wherein about about 0.900, this is because the Jin He river course is narrower greatly for mustard garden bridge, Chang Jiangqiao, wrist watch plant's concentration, mobile little reason, and be in around the Middle Ring Line, air quality is not good.The numerical value of infectious hospital is less be since when sampling the water surface also freezing, this shows that temperature also can play certain influence to the content of fluoride ion in the water body.And hospital water is mostly through disinfecting, so two hospital's concentration are less relatively.Fish existence is also arranged in the water body, illustrate to be not useable for purposes such as can be used for irrigation, flushing drinking.
The segment data that respectively flows in four rivers in the table shows Wei Jinhe, the concentration value of Ziyahe River is less, between 0.6000-0.9000, it is former because the flowability of Jin He is bigger, environment around the Ziyahe River is better, pollute little, the people, vehicle flowrate is little, Xinkai River is owing to carrying out road construction on every side, and be in old cottage area, so the environment around the riverbank is relatively poor, sanitary fill is serious, cause the fluorine ion in the solid to discharge into water body, the situation and the Xinkai River in canal, north are basic identical, and concentration is more than 1.000, and this moment, the water body color was sent out blackish green, fish are few, and there is the fishes and shrimps corpse to float on around the riverbank, illustrates that this concentration has been not suitable for a large amount of existence of fishes and shrimps, seriously polluted.
The lake, urban district
The content of fluoride ion in lake, urban district, Tianjin is mostly more than 1.000, former because mobile influence, the numerical value minimum in day big lake wherein, former because huge lake surrounding environment is good, and the numerical value maximum of long park rainbow is former because lake ambient contamination rubbish is more, and lake surface is little, do not have flowability, do not possess self-purification capacity, so content is big.Its remainder values is all between 1.000-1.700, and the movable intensive lake relative value of the stream of people is big, illustrates that crowd behaviour is bigger to the influence of environment.
Population mean relatively
From the concentration numerical value in each river as can be seen the concentration of urban centre be less than the concentration of city's area edge, former influence because of surrounding environment rubbish, Xinkai River, northern canal are near city's area edge, and the environment supervision is relatively little, cause the decline of environmental quality, have influence on content of fluoride ion in the water body.
3 development conclusions
River in the urban district, Tianjin, the content of fluoride ion in the water of lake are subjected to mobile influence, flow to reduce the content of fluorine ion.Content of fluoride ion in the water also can be subjected to the influence of surrounding environment, and the fluorine ion in the embankment around the riverbank, native stone, the rubbish can be penetrated in the water.Especially higher with the fluorine content in the rubbish, so should note protecting riverbank, lake surrounding environment, prevent to pollute.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the big bright Qiao Jin of bridge liberation bridge Chifeng's bridge river, Buddha's warrior attendant bridge Bei'an, new Hongqiao each section fluorinion concentration value;
Fig. 2 is that seven Li Tai, Ba Litai, Bin Shuiqiao, discipline village, Beijing-Tianjin bridge, Xin Kaiqiao, salt Tuo Qiao, sub-tooth are outer, sub-tooth jackshaft, Xi Gu, bridge, each section of Tian Mu Qiao fluorinion concentration value hardworking and thrifty dustrious and thrifty in managing one's household;
Fig. 3 is Tian Ta lake 1, Tian Ta lake 2, Nanjing University lake, day big lake, lake waterborne 1, lake waterborne 2, Changhong lake 1, Changhong lake 2, lake, paradise, VolksGarden, peaceful park, north each section fluorinion concentration value;
Fig. 4 is Haihe River, Jin He, Wei Jinhe, Xinkai River, Ziyahe River, northern canal each section fluorinion concentration value.
Embodiment
For simple and purpose clearly, hereinafter appropriate omission the description of known technology, in order to avoid those unnecessary details influences are to the description of the technical program.The present invention is described further below in conjunction with example.
(1) water body example: gather Nanjing University's lake water sample;
(2) the total ionic strength adjustment buffer degree is regulated the preparation of buffer solution: take by weighing 58.8g two hydration sodium citrates and 85.0g sodium nitrate, be dissolved in water, regulate pH to 5～6 with HCl then, change in the 1000mL volumetric flask, be diluted to graticule;
(3) mensuration of the preparation of fluoride standard solution and typical curve: with no calibration suction pipe get 1.00,3.00,5.00,10.00 respectively, 20.00mL fluoride standard solution, place 50 mL volumetric flasks, the 10mL damping fluid is settled to scale with distilled water; Be the fluorine standard series of 0.2,0.6,1.0,2.0,4.0 μ g/mL; Pour into successively from thin to thick in the 50ml plastic cup,, please ask suck dry moisture, insert in the solution, under middling speed stirs, measure the E value with contrast electrode with filter paper with being rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential;
(4) mensuration of sample: pipette the 10ml sample in beaker, add the 10ml damping fluid again, with 50ml volumetric flask constant volume, be rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential value then, suck dry moisture and contrast electrode insert in the liquid to be measured together, liquid potential response value stabilization under agitation to be measured reads the E value, finds corresponding fluorine concentration on typical curve.
(1) water body example: gather Haihe River, urban district, Tianjin water sample (new Hongqiao);
(2) the total ionic strength adjustment buffer degree is regulated the preparation of buffer solution: take by weighing 58.8g two hydration sodium citrates and 85.0g sodium nitrate, be dissolved in water, regulate pH to 5～6 with HCl then, change in the 1000mL volumetric flask, be diluted to graticule;
(3) mensuration of the preparation of fluoride standard solution and typical curve: with no calibration suction pipe get 1.00,3.00,5.00,10.00 respectively, 20.00mL fluoride standard solution, place 50 mL volumetric flasks, the 10mL damping fluid is settled to scale with distilled water; Be the fluorine standard series of 0.2,0.6,1.0,2.0,4.0 μ g/mL; Pour into successively from thin to thick in the 50ml plastic cup,, please ask suck dry moisture, insert in the solution, under middling speed stirs, measure the E value with contrast electrode with filter paper with being rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential;
(4) mensuration of sample: pipette the 10ml sample in beaker, add the 10ml damping fluid again, with 50ml volumetric flask constant volume, be rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential value then, suck dry moisture and contrast electrode insert in the liquid to be measured together, liquid potential response value stabilization under agitation to be measured reads the E value, finds corresponding fluorine concentration on typical curve.
(1) water body example: gather Haihe River, urban district, Tianjin water sample (infectious hospital);
(2) the total ionic strength adjustment buffer degree is regulated the preparation of buffer solution: take by weighing 58.8g two hydration sodium citrates and 85.0g sodium nitrate, be dissolved in water, regulate pH to 5～6 with HCl then, change in the 1000mL volumetric flask, be diluted to graticule;
(3) mensuration of the preparation of fluoride standard solution and typical curve: with no calibration suction pipe get 1.00,3.00,5.00,10.00 respectively, 20.00mL fluoride standard solution, place 50 mL volumetric flasks, the 10mL damping fluid is settled to scale with distilled water; Be the fluorine standard series of 0.2,0.6,1.0,2.0,4.0 μ g/mL; Pour into successively from thin to thick in the 50ml plastic cup,, please ask suck dry moisture, insert in the solution, under middling speed stirs, measure the E value with contrast electrode with filter paper with being rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential;
(4) mensuration of sample: pipette the 10ml sample in beaker, add the 10ml damping fluid again, with 50ml volumetric flask constant volume, be rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential value then, suck dry moisture and contrast electrode insert in the liquid to be measured together, liquid potential response value stabilization under agitation to be measured reads the E value, finds corresponding fluorine concentration on typical curve.
Claims (3)
1. the method for a fast measuring water body fluoride pollution is characterized in that being undertaken by following step:
(1) water body example: gather Haihe River, urban district, Tianjin water sample;
(2) the total ionic strength adjustment buffer degree is regulated the preparation of buffer solution: take by weighing 58.8g two hydration sodium citrates and 85.0g sodium nitrate, be dissolved in water, regulate pH to 5～6 with HCl then, change in the 1000mL volumetric flask, be diluted to graticule;
(3) mensuration of the preparation of fluoride standard solution and typical curve: with no calibration suction pipe get 1.00,3.00,5.00,10.00 respectively, 20.00mL fluoride standard solution, place 50 mL volumetric flasks, the 10mL damping fluid is settled to scale with distilled water; Be the fluorine standard series of 0.2,0.6,1.0,2.0,4.0 μ g/mL; Pour into successively from thin to thick in the 50ml plastic cup,, insert in the solution with contrast electrode, under middling speed stirs, measure the E value with the filter paper suck dry moisture with being rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential;
(4) mensuration of sample: pipette the 10ml sample in beaker, add the 10ml damping fluid again, with 50ml volumetric flask constant volume, be rinsed into the fluoride electrode of baseline potential value then, suck dry moisture and contrast electrode insert in the liquid to be measured together, liquid potential response value stabilization under agitation to be measured reads the E value, finds corresponding fluorine concentration C on typical curve.
2. the method for the described fast measuring water body of claim 1 fluoride pollution, wherein the speed of the stirring in the step (4) is 50-80 rev/min.
3. the method for the described fast measuring water body of claim 1 fluoride pollution, wherein Haihe River, urban district, the Tianjin water sample in the step (1) refers to Jin He, Ziyahe River, Xinkai River, Wei Jinhe, northern canal.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102175745A (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2011-09-07 | 天津师范大学 | Method for quickly detecting fluorine content in specific vegetables |
| CN102914507A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-02-06 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for detecting fluorine content in water by utilizing escherichia coli |
| CN104569112A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-04-29 | 安徽科微智能科技有限公司 | Continuous on-line water ion concentration detection method based on ion selective electrode |
| US9995655B2 (en) | 2012-11-19 | 2018-06-12 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Assessment of power system equipment for equipment maintenance and/or risk mitigation |
| CN109813783A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-05-28 | 山东省产品质量检验研究院 | A kind of detection method improving wire and cable fluorine content measurement precision |
| CN111650331A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-09-11 | 广东佳纳能源科技有限公司 | Method for measuring fluorine content in nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101514972A (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2009-08-26 | 彩虹彩色显像管总厂 | Fluorine concentration fast-check method |
| CN101793857A (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2010-08-04 | 谱尼测试科技（北京）有限公司 | Method for detecting content of fluoride in environment by ion selective electrode method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101514972A (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2009-08-26 | 彩虹彩色显像管总厂 | Fluorine concentration fast-check method |
| CN101793857A (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2010-08-04 | 谱尼测试科技（北京）有限公司 | Method for detecting content of fluoride in environment by ion selective electrode method |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102175745A (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2011-09-07 | 天津师范大学 | Method for quickly detecting fluorine content in specific vegetables |
| CN102914507A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-02-06 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for detecting fluorine content in water by utilizing escherichia coli |
| CN102914507B (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for detecting fluorine content in water by utilizing escherichia coli |
| US9995655B2 (en) | 2012-11-19 | 2018-06-12 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Assessment of power system equipment for equipment maintenance and/or risk mitigation |
| CN104569112A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-04-29 | 安徽科微智能科技有限公司 | Continuous on-line water ion concentration detection method based on ion selective electrode |
| CN109813783A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-05-28 | 山东省产品质量检验研究院 | A kind of detection method improving wire and cable fluorine content measurement precision |
| CN111650331A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-09-11 | 广东佳纳能源科技有限公司 | Method for measuring fluorine content in nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material |
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