CN102181485A - 一种促进有机废水光合细菌产氢的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于环境保护技术领域,具体涉及一种促进有机废水光合细菌产氢的方法,利用纳米二氧化钛的光催化特性,提高光合细菌利用有机废水的产氢量,具体步骤如下:(1)将有机废水加入光合反应器中;(2)将产氢光合细菌接种到光合反应器中;(3)将纳米二氧化钛加入光合反应器中;(4)调节反应器内pH值及温度,收集气体。本发明的方法与不加入二氧化钛相比,氢气的产生量提高19-40%。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于环境保护技术领域,具体涉及一种添加纳米二氧化钛,提高有机废水光合产氢的方法。
背景技术
在传统矿物燃料能源短缺问题日益严重的情况下,氢气作为一种清洁无污染的绿色新能源日益受到广泛的关注。氢气燃烧后不排放任何污染物质,且燃烧值高(142.35KJ/g),为汽油的2.75倍,酒精的3.9倍,焦炭的4.5倍。此外,氢气也是许多工业生产中一种重要的化工原料。目前氢气的获得方式主要有物化法和生物法。物化法本身需要消耗大量的能源物质且成本较高。生物法产氢无需消耗大量能量且具有经济和环境友好等优点。目前,生物法产氢研究得最多的是光合生物法产氢和厌氧发酵法产氢(例如,文献International Journal ofHydrogen Energy,2002,27,1315-1329;Enzyme and Microbial Technology,2006,38,569-582)。利用废水或固体废弃物中有机质发酵制氢,在降解有机污染物的同时又获取氢气,可降低制氢成本并解决环境污染问题。
在光能作用下光合细菌可将碳水化合物、低分子有机酸等转化为氢气(例如,文献International Journal ofHydrogen Energy,2006,31,1585-1590)。目前研究主要集中于低分子有机酸及高碳水化合物废水光合产氢(例如,文献International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2005,30,785-793;International Journal ofHydrogen Energy,2006,31,1514-1521)。这些底物组成简单,对光合细菌影响较小。虽然光合细菌产氢转换效率可达2mol H2/mol glucose,但仍低于12mol H2/mol glucose的理论产氢量。纳米二氧化钛在光能作用下有光催化特性,但文献主要集中于对难降解有机物的处理(例如,文献Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,162,1193-1198)。尚未见关于在光能作用下利用二氧化钛促进光和细菌利用有机废水(如酿造废水,污泥发酵液,食品废水等)产氢的报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种在光能作用下利用光合细菌厌氧产氢及纳米二氧化钛光催化特性将有机废水中有机酸、蛋白质及碳水化合物进一步转化为氢气的方法。
为达到上述目的,本发明的解决方案是:利用纳米二氧化钛光催化特性,提高光合细菌利用有机废水产氢量。
本发明提出一种利用纳米二氧化钛光催化特性,提高光合细菌利用有机废水产氢量的方法,有机废水为富含葡萄糖、淀粉、蛋白质、挥发性有机酸等的废水,如污泥发酵液、食品废水、酿造废水等。
本发明的具体步骤如下:
(1)将有机废水加入光合反应器中。
(2)将产氢光合细菌接种到光合反应器中,接种浓度800~1000mg/L。
(3)将纳米二氧化钛加入光合反应器中,浓度50~150mg/L。
(4)调节反应器内pH6-8,温度30-35℃,同时收集气体。
其中,(2)中光合细菌为具有产氢能力的光合细菌(例如但不限于以下光合细菌,球形红假单胞菌Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides,沼泽红假单胞菌Rhodopseudomonas palustris,深红红螺菌Rhodospirillum rubrum)。
其中,本发明较好的条件是:添加纳米二氧化钛提高光合细菌产氢量。
由于采用了上述方案,本发明的有益效果是:
(1)具有良好的环境效益:提高了生物光合产氢气能力,利于获得更多清洁能源氢气;
(2)具有良好的经济效益:一方面,采用添加纳米二氧化钛可以提高氢气产量;另一方面,可以利用有机废水中有机质发酵制氢,将清洁能源的制取与有机废水的处理同步进行,节省了成本。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例1:
城市污水处理厂剩余污泥经沉淀24h后排出上清液,浓缩后污泥性质为总悬浮固体(TSS)17.34±1.58g/L,挥发性悬浮固体(VSS)12.50±1.09g/L,可溶性COD(SCOD)145±23mg/L,总COD(TCOD)12400±260mg/L,总有机碳1632±79mg-COD/L,总蛋白质6133±169mg-COD/L。污泥放置在发酵罐中碱性发酵8天,收集发酵液。发酵液性质为COD 6856±342mg-COD/L,总碳水化合物770±38mg-COD/L,总蛋白质2123±106mg-COD/L,VFA2931±146mg-COD/L,NH4 +-N 194±9mg/L,PO4 3-P 108±5mg/L。
发酵液中高浓度氨氮限制了光合细菌产氢能力首先对其进行去除。鸟粪石法回收污泥发酵液中氨氮,回收后发酵液性质为COD 6300±315mg-COD/L,总碳水化合物730±36mg-COD/L,总蛋白质1974±99mg-COD/L,VFA2638±131mg-COD/L,NH4 +-N 27±1mg/L,PO4 3-P 14±1mg/L。
光合产氢气具体步骤是:
在玻璃制成的工作容积为0.5L的光合反应器中加入上述氨氮回收后污泥发酵液。反应器A接种光合细菌,浓度1000mg/L。反应温度为30±1℃,调整pH为6-8,光照强度5000lux,在厌氧条件下搅拌,集气袋收集产生气体。气体组分含量由气相色谱GC112测定。反应器B加入纳米二氧化钛,浓度100mg/L,其它操作同反应器A。
反应器A中氢气总产生量78ml,反应器B中氢气产生总量112ml,产氢量反应器B比反应器A提高了43.6%。
实施例2:
某酿造厂有机废水,废水性质COD 1800±90mg-COD/L,乙酸1300±60mg-COD/L,丙酸300±15mg-COD/L,丁酸67±3mg-COD/L,NH4 +-N 15±1mg/L。
光合产氢气具体步骤是:
在玻璃制成的工作容积为0.5L的光合反应器中加入有机废水。反应器A接种光合细菌,浓度800mg/L。反应器运行条件及气体采集测量办法如实施例1中所述。反应器B加入纳米二氧化钛,浓度150mg/L,其它操作同实施例1中的反应器A。
反应器A中氢气总产生量179mL,反应器B中氢气总产生量214mL,产氢量反应器B比反应器A提高了19.6%。
实施例3:
某豆制品食品厂有机废水,废水性质COD 25000mg/L,淀粉6000mg/L,蔗糖700mg/L,蛋白质500mg/L,挥发酸200mg/L,NH4 +-N 29.5mg/L。
光合产氢气具体步骤是:
在玻璃制成的工作容积为0.5L的光合反应器中加入有机废水。反应器A接种光合细菌,浓度1000mg/L。反应器运行条件及气体采集测量办法如实施例1中所述。反应器B加入纳米二氧化钛,浓度50mg/L,其它操作同实施例1反应器A。
反应器A中氢气总产生量376mL,反应器B中氢气总产生量469mL,产氢量反应器B比反应器A提高了24.8%。
实施例4:
某糖果厂有机废水,废水性质COD 6500mg/L,BOD 4400mg/L,主要含葡萄糖、蔗糖、淀粉。
光合产氢气具体步骤是:
在玻璃制成的工作容积为0.5L的光合反应器中加入有机废水。反应器A接种光合细菌,浓度1000mg/L。反应器运行条件及气体采集测量办法如实施例1中所述。反应器B加入纳米二氧化钛,浓度100mg/L,其它操作同实施例1反应器A。
反应器A中氢气总产生量94mL,反应器B中氢气总产生量126mL,产氢量反应器B比反应器A提高了34.2%。
上述对实施例的描述是为了便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和应用本发明。熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对这些实施例做出各种修改,并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此,本发明不限于这里的实施例,本领域技术人员根据本发明的揭示,对于本发明做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种促进有机废水光合细菌产氢的方法,其特征在于:利用纳米二氧化钛的光催化特性,提高光合细菌利用有机废水的产氢量。
2.如权利要求1所述的促进有机废水光合细菌产氢的方法,其特征在于:具体步骤如下:
(1)将有机废水加入光合反应器中;
(2)将产氢光合细菌接种到光合反应器中;
(3)将纳米二氧化钛加入光合反应器中;
(4)调节反应器内pH值及温度,收集气体。
3.如权利要求2所述的促进有机废水光合细菌产氢的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中的接种浓度800~1000mg/L。
4.如权利要求2所述的促进有机废水光合细菌产氢的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中的纳米二氧化钛的浓度50~150mg/L。
5.如权利要求2所述的促进有机废水光合细菌产氢的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中的pH值调节至6-8,温度调节至30-35℃。
6.如权利要求2所述的促进有机废水光合细菌产氢的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中的光合细菌为具有产氢能力的光合细菌,包括球形红假单胞菌、沼泽红假单胞菌或深红红螺菌。
7.如权利要求2所述的促进有机废水光合细菌产氢的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中的有机废水为富含葡萄糖、淀粉、蛋白质或挥发性有机酸的废水。
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CN103877694A (zh) * | 2014-03-13 | 2014-06-25 | 江苏大学 | 一种TiO2纳米材料介导的有机污染物可见光厌氧降解的方法 |
CN105712489A (zh) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-06-29 | 浙江裕腾百诺环保科技有限公司 | 一种用于河道修复的负载光合细菌的浮体装置 |
CN105713948A (zh) * | 2014-12-01 | 2016-06-29 | 中粮集团有限公司 | 利用混合菌种对淀粉质原料进行发酵制取氢气的方法 |
CN114956352A (zh) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-30 | 广西民族大学 | 一种沼泽红假单胞菌-纳米TiO2复合材料及其制备方法和应用 |
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CN106563512A (zh) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-04-19 | 福州大学 | 可见光响应的光催化‑微生物复合材料及制备方法与应用 |
CN113862308B (zh) * | 2021-10-09 | 2023-11-10 | 河南农业大学 | 一种基于量子点纳米材料的化学-生物复合制氢体系及其制备方法 |
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Cited By (5)
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CN103877694A (zh) * | 2014-03-13 | 2014-06-25 | 江苏大学 | 一种TiO2纳米材料介导的有机污染物可见光厌氧降解的方法 |
CN103877694B (zh) * | 2014-03-13 | 2016-05-25 | 江苏大学 | 一种TiO2纳米材料介导的有机污染物可见光厌氧降解的方法 |
CN105713948A (zh) * | 2014-12-01 | 2016-06-29 | 中粮集团有限公司 | 利用混合菌种对淀粉质原料进行发酵制取氢气的方法 |
CN105712489A (zh) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-06-29 | 浙江裕腾百诺环保科技有限公司 | 一种用于河道修复的负载光合细菌的浮体装置 |
CN114956352A (zh) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-30 | 广西民族大学 | 一种沼泽红假单胞菌-纳米TiO2复合材料及其制备方法和应用 |
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