Summary of the invention
The present invention is according to dyeing waste water advanced treatment and the printing and dyeing technology water characteristics to the water quality particular requirement, existing BAF is improved, and formation has the high-efficiency aeration biological filter tank that is applied to the dyeing waste water advanced treatment and the treatment process thereof of efficient removal effect to pollutents such as colourity, organism, colloid, SS.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
BAF of the present invention comprises a filtering material unit and at least one compounded mix unit; The compounded mix unit with link to each other with filtering material unit.
The compounded mix unit has two, is located at respectively two sides of filtering material unit; The compounded mix unit comprises front aerating system, compounded mix district and flap, and front aerating system and flap are located in the compounded mix district; Filtering material unit comprises into water cloth tank, upper strata aerating system, lower floor's aerating system, filtrate district, back-purge system and drainage collecting chamber, and water inlet cloth tank, back-purge system and drainage collecting chamber arrange around the filtrate district; The filtrate district comprises filter plate and the filter material layer that is arranged on the filter plate, and upper strata aerating system and lower floor's aerating system are arranged in the filter material layer.
Compounded mix is provided with compounded mix in the district, and described compounded mix is filling fibers, and the volume of compounded mix is no less than 75% of compounded mix district cubic capacity; Be provided with the triangle weir plate in the water inlet cloth tank, with the homogeneity of effective adjustment water distribution; Filter material layer comprises filtering layer and supporting layer, and filtering layer is located on the supporting layer; The filtrate of filtering layer is at least a in hard coal, gac, the haydite, or wherein at least two kinds combination; Described particle diameter of filter medium is generally 0.8-2.5mm; When filtrate was gac, activated carbon particle size was controlled at 1-2mm,, K80<2.0; Supporting layer is made of diameter 1-3cm cobble, and the thickness of supporting layer is about 30cm, and the thickness of filter material layer is 1.5-3m.
Lower floor's aerating system comprises lower floor's aerated conduit and the valve that is arranged in lower floor's aerated conduit, is provided with solarization air cap in lower floor's aerated conduit, and lower floor's aerated conduit is arranged in the supporting layer of filter plate upside; The upper strata aerating system comprises upper strata aerated conduit and the valve that is arranged in the aerated conduit of upper strata, is provided with solarization air cap in the aerated conduit of upper strata, and the upper strata aerated conduit is arranged in the filtering layer of filter plate upside; Front aerating system comprises front aerated conduit and the valve that is arranged in the front aerated conduit, is provided with solarization air cap in the front aerated conduit; The upper strata aerated conduit is arranged on from filter material layer and pushes up the 0.3m place that has an appointment; Upper strata aerating system and lower floor's aerating system are separate; The solarization air cap diameter 0.5-1mm of upper strata aerated conduit, the solarization air cap diameter of lower floor's aerated conduit also are 0.5-1mm.
Back-purge system comprises backwash pump, back flushing water inlet pipe, back flush discharge pipe, reverse flushing filter screen, back flushing tank, is provided with the triangle weir plate on the back flushing tank, so that back flushing water inlet homogeneity is adjusted; Reverse flushing filter screen is installed on the protruding structures that arrange around the filtering unit.
The treatment process that is applied to the BAF of dyeing waste water advanced treatment of the present invention comprises the steps:
A, waste water at first enter the compounded mix unit: owing to being provided with flap in the compounded mix unit, so the mode process compounded mix unit that waste water flows by flap, the SS in the waste water is trapped; Because aerating system before this element is provided with, strengthened contacting of waste water and microorganism, strengthened mass transfer effect; Different according to water quality treatment and processing requirements, the hydraulic detention time of waste water in the compounded mix district is 1~3h, the flow rate control of flap stream is at 0.5-2m/h;
B, waste water enter filtering material unit: enter filtering material unit through the waste water of compounded mix cell processing and further process; At first behind the waste water process water inlet cloth tank water distribution, enter the filtrate district and filter, after the filtration of this waste water through filtrate district filtrate, enter the drainage collecting chamber under the filter plate, pass through again the filtrate delivery pipe, enter follow-up clean water basin unit; Be provided with the triangle weir plate in the water inlet cloth tank, in order to the homogeneity of effective adjustment water distribution; According to different influent quality condition and processing requirements, the filtering velocity of filtering unit is controlled at 0.7-2.5m/h, hydraulic detention time 1.5-4.5h;
The aeration rate of filtrate district lower floor aerating system is very little, and waste water and the power that filtrate fully contacts in the filter tank only are provided, and keeps the globality of filter material layer as far as possible; Dissolved oxygen major part in the filtrate district is provided by the upper strata aerating system;
The filtrate district will carry out back flushing after using between advancing through one section, when back flushing, two-layer aerating system is all opened, and thinks that the filtrate flushing provides enough shearing forces; Back washing strength is generally 7-10L/ (m
2.s).
The present invention because of the increase of head loss, needed to carry out back flushing to the filter tank after the operation regular hour, and the suspended substance of holding back with release also upgrades microbial film, and this is back flushing process.
Advantage of the present invention: the one, the present invention increases compounded mix unit (little oxygen flap bio-contact oxidation unit) before the filter tank, both consist of entity, form a kind of new BAF form, can effectively reduce the SS, the colloidalmaterial that enter filtering unit, and improve the biodegradability of waste water, guarantee the treatment effect of filter tank waste water.Described this little oxygen flap bio-contact oxidation unit, after entering, adopts waste water the mode of flap stream, dissolved oxygen concentration in the aerating system of this element setting is not more than 0.5mg/L, strengthened contacting of waste water and microorganism, mass transfer effect in the enhanced system, little oxygen condition in the while keeping system is in order to the biodegradability that improves waste water with acidication.This compounded mix unit has the characteristics of plug-flow reactor, has reduced to greatest extent intrasystem dead angle, short-circuit flow and channel, has improved the operating performance of system.The 2nd, the present invention adopts double-deck aerating system at filtering material unit, wherein lower floor's aerating system only provides limited aeration when normal operation, hole does not destroy the one-piece construction of filtering layer to improve filtration capacity as far as possible between filtrate in the situation that effectively utilize, and guarantees the filter effect in filter tank.And providing main dissolved oxygen content by the upper strata aerating system, the upper strata aerating system has the effect on levelling filter material layer surface simultaneously, reduces short-circuit flow to occur in the filtering layer; The unit, filter tank arranges reverse flushing filter screen, can guarantee that the high strength of gas, water is united the loss of avoiding filtrate under the recoil condition.The 3rd, BAF of the present invention is compared with conventional activated sludge process, have that organic loading is high, floor space is little (be conventional activated sludge process 1/3), less investment (saving 30%), can not produce sludge bulking, the oxygen transmission rate is high, effluent quality good.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in the figure, BAF of the present invention comprises filtering material unit 5 and at least one compounded mix unit 1; Compounded mix unit 1 with link to each other with filtering material unit 5.
Compounded mix unit 1 has two, is located at respectively two sides of filtering material unit 5; Compounded mix unit 1 comprises front aerating system, compounded mix district 20 and flap 7, and front aerating system 8 and flap 7 are located in the compounded mix district 20; Filtering material unit 5 comprises into water cloth tank 2, upper strata aerating system, lower floor's aerating system, filtrate district 19, back-purge system and drainage collecting chamber 18.Water inlet cloth tank 2, back-purge system and drainage collecting chamber 18 arrange around filtrate district 19; Filtrate district 19 comprises filter plate 17 and the filter material layer that is arranged on the filter plate 17, and upper strata aerating system and lower floor's aerating system are arranged in the filter material layer.
Be provided with compounded mix 6 in the compounded mix district 20, described compounded mix 6 is filling fibers, and the volume of compounded mix 6 is no less than 75% of compounded mix district 20 cubic capacitys; Be provided with the triangle weir plate in the water inlet cloth tank 2, with the homogeneity of effective adjustment water distribution; Filter material layer comprises filtering layer 15 and supporting layer 16, and filtering layer 15 is located on the supporting layer 16; The filtrate of filtering layer 15 is at least a in hard coal, gac, the haydite, or wherein at least two kinds combination; Described particle diameter of filter medium is generally 0.8-2.5mm; When filtrate was gac, activated carbon particle size was controlled at 1-2mm,, K80<2.0; Supporting layer 16 is made of diameter 1-3cm cobble, and the thickness of supporting layer 16 is about 30cm, and the thickness of filter material layer is 1.5-3m.
Lower floor's aerating system comprises lower floor's aerated conduit 11 and the valve 10 that is arranged in lower floor's aerated conduit 11, is provided with solarization air cap in lower floor's aerated conduit 11, and lower floor's aerated conduit 11 is arranged in the supporting layer 16 of filter plate 17 upsides; The upper strata aerating system comprises upper strata aerated conduit 13 and the valve 12 that is arranged in the upper strata aerated conduit 13, is provided with solarization air cap in the upper strata aerated conduit 13, and upper strata aerated conduit 13 is arranged in the filtering layer 15 of filter plate 17 upsides; Front aerating system comprises front aerated conduit 9 and the valve 8 that is arranged in the front aerated conduit 9, is provided with solarization air cap in the front aerated conduit 9; Upper strata aerated conduit 13 is arranged on from filter material layer and pushes up the 0.3m place that has an appointment; Upper strata aerating system and lower floor's aerating system are separate; The solarization air cap diameter 0.5-1mm of upper strata aerated conduit 13, the solarization air cap diameter of lower floor's aerated conduit 11 also are 0.5-1mm.
Back-purge system comprises backwash pump, back flushing water inlet pipe 22, back flush discharge pipe 21, reverse flushing filter screen 4, back flushing tank 3, is provided with the triangle weir plate on the back flushing tank 3, so that back flushing water inlet homogeneity is adjusted; Reverse flushing filter screen 4 is installed on the protruding structures that arrange around the filtering unit 5.
The treatment process that is applied to the BAF of dyeing waste water advanced treatment of the present invention comprises the steps:
A, waste water at first enter compounded mix unit 1: owing to being provided with flap 7 in compounded mix unit 1, so the mode process compounded mix unit 1 that waste water flows by flap 7, the SS in the waste water is trapped; Because aerating system before this element is provided with, strengthened contacting of waste water and microorganism, strengthened mass transfer effect; Different according to water quality treatment and processing requirements, the hydraulic detention time of waste water in compounded mix district 22 is 1~3h, the flow rate control of flap stream is at 0.5-2m/h;
B, waste water enter filtering material unit 5: 1 waste water of processing enters filtering material unit 5 and further processes through the compounded mix unit; At first behind waste water process water inlet cloth tank 2 water distributions, enter filtrate district 19 and filter, after the filtration of this waste water through filtrate district 19 filtrates, enter the drainage collecting chamber 18 under the filter plate 17, pass through again filtrate delivery pipe 23, enter follow-up clean water basin unit; Be provided with the triangle weir plate in the water inlet cloth tank 2, in order to the homogeneity of effective adjustment water distribution; According to different influent quality condition and processing requirements, the filtering velocity of filtering unit is controlled at 0.7-2.5m/h, hydraulic detention time 1.5-4.5h;
The aeration rate of filtrate district 19 lower floor's aerating systems is very little, and waste water and the power that filtrate fully contacts in the filter tank only are provided, and keeps the globality of filter material layer as far as possible; Dissolved oxygen major part in the filtrate district 19 is provided by the upper strata aerating system;
Filtrate district 19 will carry out back flushing after using between advancing through one section, when back flushing, two-layer aerating system is all opened, and thinks that the filtrate flushing provides enough shearing forces; Back washing strength is generally 7-10L/ (m
2.s).
This BAF operated by rotary motion is in the second pond back of Dyeing and Printing Wastewater Biological Treatment.Dyeing waste water contain a large amount of colloidal materials and unsegregated SS in the water body, but the biodegradability of waste water is very poor after processing through anaerobism, aerobe.The settling tank water outlet at first enters little oxygen flap compounded mix unit 1, utilizes the good effect of mass transmitting in flap compounded mix unit 1, impels waste water and is attached to compounded mix and cuts upper microorganism biological and contact.By the biological adsorption effect, hold back SS, colloidal pollutent in the waste water, (DO<0.5mg/L) the acidication effect for microorganism provides condition to little oxygen condition of simultaneity factor, thereby improves the biodegradability that enters filtrate district unit waste water.
Unit, filtrate district is general to adopt enterprising, the lower mode of production that goes out (but do not get rid of not advance down, on the mode of production that goes out).Enter filtrate behind the compounded mix unit 1 water outlet process cloth tank water distribution, through being attached to the biological action of microorganism on the filtrate and the filteration of filtrate, can remove colourity, organism, colloid, the SS of the overwhelming majority in the waste water, filtered water is through the collection of filter plate upward filtration head, enter the drainage collecting chamber under the filter plate, pass through again drainage pipeline, enter follow-up clean water basin unit.
Reverse flushing filter screen 4 can be stainless (steel) wire or polyamide fibre net, and the order number is definite by the particle diameter of filler, and aperture of filter screen is not more than the minimum grain size of filler.
Embodiment one
Certain 1500m of yarn dyeing company limited
3After/d yarn dyeing waste water is processed through anaerobism, aerobe, contain a large amount of colloidal materials and on a small quantity not separated SS, specifically water quality such as table 1 in the settling tank water outlet.
Water-quality guideline after table 1 yarn dyeing waste water process anaerobism, the aerobic treatment
The settling tank water outlet at first enters little oxygen flap compounded mix unit 1, utilizes the good effect of mass transmitting in compounded mix unit 1, impels waste water and is attached to compounded mix and cuts upper microorganism biological and contact.By the biological adsorption effect, hold back SS, colloidal pollutent in the waste water, (DO<0.5mg/L) the acidication effect for microorganism provides condition to little oxygen condition of simultaneity factor, thereby improves the biodegradability that enters filtrate district unit waste water.Compounded mix 6 volumes that arrange in the compounded mix unit 1 are 75% of this unit cubic capacity, and the filling fibers of compounded mix 6 is processed, and increase the roughness on filling fibers surface, are conducive to microorganism adhering on filling fibers.The hydraulic detention time of waste water in the compounded mix district is 1.5h, and the flow velocity of flap stream is 2m/h.
Enter filtrate behind compounded mix unit 1 water outlet process cloth tank 2 water distributions, through being attached to the biological action of microorganism on the filtrate and the filteration of filtrate, can remove colourity, organism, colloid, the SS of the overwhelming majority in the waste water, filtered water is through the collection of filter plate upward filtration head, enter the drainage collecting chamber under the filter plate, pass through again drainage pipeline, enter follow-up clean water basin unit.
The filtrate of unit, filtrate district 5 is gac, activated carbon particle size Dmax=2mm, Dmin=1mm, K80<2.0.30cm cobble supporting layer 16, the diameter 1-3cm of supporting layer 16 cobbles are set in the middle of filtrate and the filter plate.The height of filter material layer is generally 2m, and the filtering material unit filtering velocity is 2.5m/h, hydraulic detention time 2.5h.
The aerating system of unit, filtrate district adopts the mode of double-deck aeration, and wherein in the cobble supporting layer 16 of filter plate 17 upsides of aerated conduit 11 settings of lower floor, the aerated conduit 13 on upper strata is arranged on the filtrate upper strata, pushes up the 0.3m At The Height apart from filtrate.Double-deck aerating system is separate, and by different valve control air flow quantitys, aeration adopts the boring aeration mode, solarization air cap diameter 0.5mm, but lower floor's aeration tube density is large than the upper strata.During normal operation, the aeration rate of lower floor's aerating system is very little, and waste water and the power that filtrate fully contacts in the filter tank only are provided, and keeps the globality of filter material layer as far as possible; The dissolved oxygen major part is provided by the upper strata aerating system in the filter tank.During back flushing, two-layer aerating system is all opened, for the filtrate flushing provides enough shearing forces.The dissolved oxygen concentration of Discussion of Biological Aerated Filter Medium upper strata waste water is not less than 2mg/L.
Gas, water associating backwash mode are adopted in the back flushing of unit, filtrate district, and wherein the gas back-purge system is above-mentioned double-deck aerating system, and the water backwashing system is comprised of backwash pump, counter-flushing pipeline, reverse flushing filter screen 4, back flushing tank and conduit.The hydraulic reverse backwash rate is generally 8L/ (m
2.s); Reverse flushing filter screen 4 is the polyamide fibre net.Gas, water associating backwashing procedures are: gas back-flushing 3-5 minute; Gas, water associating back flushing 5-8 minute.
Water quality such as table 2 after waste water is processed through BAF:
Table 2 effluent of aeration biological filter water-quality guideline
Aerating wastewater biological filter advanced treatment cost is less than 0.15 yuan/m
3Waste water (comprising system's depreciation, the electricity charge, labour cost).