CN102178026A - Method for extracting leaf protein from alfafa hay - Google Patents
Method for extracting leaf protein from alfafa hay Download PDFInfo
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- CN102178026A CN102178026A CN2011100941374A CN201110094137A CN102178026A CN 102178026 A CN102178026 A CN 102178026A CN 2011100941374 A CN2011100941374 A CN 2011100941374A CN 201110094137 A CN201110094137 A CN 201110094137A CN 102178026 A CN102178026 A CN 102178026A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for extracting leaf protein from alfafa hay, aiming at providing a preparation method which can realize mass production and has the advantages of no time limit, simple process, low cost and high efficiency. In the method provided by the invention, leaf protein is extracted by acidification heating method and salt treatment. The method comprises the following steps of: smashing air-dried or kiln-dried alfalfa, adding appropriate amount of sodium pyrosulphate, adding water in the ratio of material to water being 1: (10-40), preimpregnating for 12-36 hours and then beating for 5 minutes, filtering (or centrifuging) with a 120-mesh filter cloth to obtain green juice, adjusting pH value to 2-7 by utilizing 2% sodium hydroxide and 0.5 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, rapidly heating to the temperature of 40-80 DEG C in a boiling water bath, and then flocculating for 3-20 minutes in a constant-temperature water bath at the same temperature; and rapidly cooling to room temperature with cold water (normal temperature), standing for 1 hour, filtering (or centrifuging) to obtain leaf protein paste, and finally drying in a drying oven at the temperature of 60-70 DEG C. In the extraction method, the leaf protein is extracted from alfafa hay used as raw material; compared with the traditional method which takes fresh alfafa hay as the raw material, the cost is reduced, the yield efficiency is greatly improved, and the defect that the production time is limited by plant growth season is overcome.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of extracting method of active components of plants, relate to a kind of method of from the alfalfa hay, extracting leaf protein particularly.
Background technology
The protein resource deficiency is a worldwide problem.Leaf protein is rich in protein on the earth, and its development and use have caused the concern of countries in the world.The protein output of greenery unit are, generally be cereal crops 2-4 doubly, be described as maximum in the world protein source.Leaf protein or title green protein concentrate (Leaf protein concentration, be called for short LPC) the vegetal pole horn of plenty, its protein content is generally 45-65%, be rich in 18 seed amino acids, lutein and polysaccharide, also contain the unknown factor of carrotene, carbohydrate, mineral matter, vitamin E, vitamin C, B group vitamin and growth promotion growth etc., the amino acid composition reasonable mixture ratio, mouthfeel is good, very easily digested, can be matched in excellence or beauty with egg, cow's milk.
The extraction of plant leaf protein has heating, acid system, fermentation method, electroconcentration and salting out method etc.Wherein acidifying heating can form tight and stable coagulation, is convenient to filtration treatment; Energy is inactive enzyme rapidly; Can stop the formation of pheophytin again and avoid feeding animals to produce photosensitized reaction; Can also play bactericidal action, be to extract leaf protein effect the best way, and this method has adaptability more widely.The extraction of leaf protein is a raw material with fresh clover generally, but because nutritional components content and growth period, the season of growth are closely related, there is certain difficulty and process a large amount of fresh herbage in the phase in China, can causes the idle and waste of production equipment simultaneously in the non-season of growth again at short optimum growh.In order to make it can more adapt to suitability for industrialized production, extraction process awaits improving.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of extracting leaf protein from the alfalfa hay, compare with the conventional method that with fresh clover is raw material, recovery rate is close, but has overcome the defective that the production time is subjected to restriction vegetation season.Operate comparatively simple and easy to doly, be suitable for large-scale production.Saved the input of the energy.Adopt water with low cost as solvent in the technology, nontoxic pollution-free.Helping alfalfa leaf protein uses as human health care's product and additive for farm animal feed.
Technical scheme provided by the invention: it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) alfalfa meal air-dry or oven dry is broken, cross 60 mesh sieves, adding is the sodium pyrosulfite of 1.2%-8% with the alfalfa meal weight ratio, adds weight ratio 10-40 more doubly to the water logging bubble 12h-36 of grass meal h;
(2) making beating 5min, 120 order filter cloth suction filtrations or centrifugal get green juice;
(3) be 2-7 with green juice with 0.5moL/L NaOH and 0.5moL/L hydrochloric acid adjust pH, put into boiling water bath rapidly and be heated to after 40 ℃-80 ℃ the water bath with thermostatic control that the moves into uniform temp 3min-20min that flocculates;
(4) be quickly cooled to room temperature with normal temperature cold water, leave standstill 1h, suction filtration or the centrifugal leaf protein cream that gets are dried in 60 ℃ of-70 ℃ of baking ovens, promptly get the leaf protein finished product, preserve in the airtight container of packing into.The leaf protein maximum output can reach 11%, and purity can reach 55%.
The present invention is on the basis by test of many times, take all factors into consideration three indexs of crude protein content in leaf protein yield, crude protein recovery rate and the leaf protein, factors such as the preimpregnation time in the leaching process, salt adding amount, flocculation time, flocculation temperature, pH value, material-water ratio are investigated respectively, determined the optimum extraction condition of alfalfa hay leaf protein, for the exploitation and the production of alfalfa leaf protein provides foundation.
Good effect of the present invention: is that raw material extracts leaf protein with the alfalfa hay, compares that recovery rate is close, but can overcome the defective that the production time is subjected to restriction vegetation season with the conventional method that with fresh clover is raw material.Operate comparatively simple and easy to doly, be suitable for large-scale production.Helping alfalfa leaf protein uses as human health care's product and additive for farm animal feed.Fully utilize the acidifying heating simultaneously, significantly reduced the extraction time of alfalfa leaf protein, and improved extraction efficiency, saved the input of the energy.Adopt water with low cost as solvent in the technology, nontoxic pollution-free.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the curve synoptic diagram of preimpregnation time to the influence of crude protein recovery rate.
Fig. 2 is the curve synoptic diagram of salt adding amount to the influence of crude protein recovery rate.
Fig. 3 is the curve synoptic diagram of flocculation time to the influence of crude protein recovery rate.
Fig. 4 is the curve synoptic diagram of pH value to the influence of crude protein recovery rate.
The specific embodiment
Further specify flesh and blood of the present invention with embodiment below, but content of the present invention is not limited to this.
(1) with air-dry or the oven dry moisture content is broken less than 15% alfalfa meal, cross 60 mesh sieves, take by weighing the 10g alfalfa meal, add the sodium pyrosulfite of alfalfa meal weight 2%, i.e. 0.2g adds 10 times of weight again to the water loggings bubble 12h of grass meal.
(2) making beating 5min, 120 order filter cloth suction filtrations or centrifugal get green juice.
(3) with green juice with 0.5moL/L NaOH and 0.5moL/L hydrochloric acid adjust pH 3, put into boiling water bath rapidly and be heated to the water bath with thermostatic control that moves into uniform temp after the 60 ℃ 10min that flocculates.
(4) cold water is quickly cooled to room temperature, leaves standstill 1h, and suction filtration or the centrifugal leaf protein cream that gets are dried in 60 ℃ of-70 ℃ of baking ovens, promptly get the leaf protein finished product, preserve in the airtight container of packing into.The leaf protein yield can reach 8.87%, and purity can reach 57.01%.
In order to collect the leaf protein product as far as possible fully, after making beating, need water in the said method with used container washing 2-3 time.
(1) with air-dry or the oven dry moisture content is broken less than 15% alfalfa meal, cross 60 mesh sieves, take by weighing the 10g alfalfa meal, add the sodium pyrosulfite of alfalfa meal weight 1%, i.e. 0.1g adds 20 times of weight again to the water loggings bubble 24h of grass meal.
(2) making beating 5min, 120 order filter cloth suction filtrations or centrifugal get green juice.
(3) with green juice with 0.5moL/L NaOH and 0.5moL/L hydrochloric acid adjust pH 3.5, put into boiling water bath rapidly and be heated to the water bath with thermostatic control that moves into uniform temp after the 60 ℃ 10min that flocculates.
(4) cold water is quickly cooled to room temperature, leaves standstill 1h, and suction filtration or the centrifugal leaf protein cream that gets are dried in 60 ℃ of-70 ℃ of baking ovens, promptly get the leaf protein finished product, preserve in the airtight container of packing into.The leaf protein maximum output can reach 11.48%, and purity can reach 54.08%.
In order to collect the leaf protein product as far as possible fully, after making beating, need water in the said method with used container washing 2-3 time.
(1) with air-dry or the oven dry moisture content is broken less than 15% alfalfa meal, cross 60 mesh sieves, take by weighing the 10g alfalfa meal, add the sodium pyrosulfite of alfalfa meal weight 1%, i.e. 0.1g adds 30 times of weight again to the water loggings bubble 24h of grass meal.
(2) making beating 5min, 120 order filter cloth suction filtrations or centrifugal get green juice.
(3) with green juice with 0.5moL/L NaOH and 0.5moL/L hydrochloric acid adjust pH 3, put into boiling water bath rapidly and be heated to the water bath with thermostatic control that moves into uniform temp after the 60 ℃ 15min that flocculates.
(4) cold water is quickly cooled to room temperature, leaves standstill 1h, and suction filtration or the centrifugal leaf protein cream that gets are dried in 60 ℃ of-70 ℃ of baking ovens, promptly get the leaf protein finished product, preserve in the airtight container of packing into.The leaf protein maximum output can reach 11.52%, and purity can reach 52.47%.
Investigate example 1: investigate of the influence of preimpregnation time to the crude protein recovery rate.Take by weighing the 10g alfalfa meal, add 0.4% sodium pyrosulfite (accounting for samples weighed), be 0.04g, press 1: 10 difference of material-water ratio preimpregnation 12h, 24h, 36h, 48h, 60h, 72h, 96h.Adjust pH to 4.5 behind the suction filtration, 70 ℃ of water-bath 5min.Crude protein recovery rate is preferably all arranged when as seen from Figure 1, the preimpregnation time is 12h-36 h.The crude protein recovery rate is the highest when the preimpregnation time is 24h, is 30.75%, and the crude protein recovery rate of preimpregnation 36h and 24h only differs 0.53 percentage point, and overall crude protein recovery rate can reach more than 25%, and the crude protein content in the leaf protein can reach more than 40%.
Investigate example 2: investigate the influence of salt adding amount to the crude protein recovery rate.Take by weighing the 10g alfalfa meal, add 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 2%, 4%, 8%, 12% sodium pyrosulfite (accounting for samples weighed) respectively, press 1: 10 preimpregnation 48h of material-water ratio.Adjust pH to 4.5 behind the suction filtration, 70 ℃ of water-bath 5min.As seen from Figure 2, salt adding amount is very big to the influence of the crude protein recovery rate of leaf protein, crude protein recovery rate is preferably all arranged in the 1.2%-8% scope, wherein salt adding amount is 2% o'clock, the crude protein recovery rate of leaf protein is the highest, reach 33.95%, and salt adding amount is too high or too low, the crude protein recovery rate of leaf protein is all on a declining curve.This may be because S2O52-in the solution and positively charged protein-based unity are closed, and has increased the electrostatic repulsion forces between the protein molecule, thereby has improved the dissolubility of protein.This dissolubility raises with the increase of salinity in low concentration of salt, and after salinity acquired a certain degree, the solubility of protein began again to descend, and separates out until precipitation.All in all, the crude protein recovery rate can reach more than 25%, and the crude protein content in the leaf protein can reach more than 39%.
Investigate example 3: investigate the influence of flocculation time to the crude protein recovery rate.Take by weighing the 10g alfalfa meal, add 0.4% sodium pyrosulfite (accounting for samples weighed), press 1: 10 preimpregnation 48h of material-water ratio.Adjust pH to 4.5 behind the suction filtration, 70 ℃ of following water-bath 3min, 5min, 10min, 15min, 20min respectively.As seen from Figure 3, flocculation time is that crude protein recovery rate is preferably all arranged in the 3min-20min scope.Leaf protein crude protein recovery rate increases with the increase of flocculation time, and during flocculation 3min, leaf protein crude protein recovery rate is minimum, is 17.24%; Leaf protein crude protein recovery rate can reach 20.66% when flocculation time was 10min, and the crude protein content in the overall leaf protein can reach more than 45%.
Investigate example 4: investigate of the influence of pH value to the crude protein recovery rate.Take by weighing the 10g alfalfa meal, add 0.4% sodium pyrosulfite (accounting for samples weighed), press 1: 10 preimpregnation 48h of material-water ratio.Respectively the pH value is transferred to 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,70 ℃ of water-bath 5min behind the suction filtration.The pH value all has crude protein recovery rate preferably in the 2-7 scope as can be seen from Figure 4.The crude protein recovery rate is the highest when the pH value is 3, is 27.62%, and pH is that the crude protein recovery rate of 7 o'clock leaf proteins also can reach 22.79%, and the crude protein content in the overall leaf protein can reach more than 36%.This result shows that the pH value has a direct impact the white crude protein recovery rate of leaf egg, and acid condition is more favourable to the crude protein recovery rate that improves leaf protein.
Claims (2)
1. method of extracting leaf protein from the alfalfa hay is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) alfalfa meal air-dry or oven dry is broken, cross 60 mesh sieves, adding is the sodium pyrosulfite of 1.2%-8% with the alfalfa meal weight ratio, adds weight ratio 10-40 more doubly to the water logging bubble 12h-36h of grass meal;
(2) making beating 5min, 120 order filter cloth suction filtrations or centrifugal get green juice;
(3) be 2-7 with green juice with 0.5moL/L NaOH and 0.5moL/L hydrochloric acid adjust pH, put into boiling water bath rapidly and be heated to after 40 ℃-80 ℃ the water bath with thermostatic control that the moves into uniform temp 3min-20min that flocculates;
(4) be quickly cooled to room temperature with normal temperature cold water, leave standstill 1h, suction filtration or the centrifugal leaf protein cream that gets are dried in 60 ℃ of-70 ℃ of baking ovens, promptly get the leaf protein finished product.
2. the method for extracting leaf protein from the alfalfa hay according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the such scheme in order to collect the leaf protein product as far as possible fully, needs water with used container washing 2-3 time after making beating.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102210739A (en) * | 2011-05-22 | 2011-10-12 | 甘肃长征药业科技有限公司 | Method for extracting total saponins and total flavonoids from alfalfa and preparation method thereof |
| WO2012150421A1 (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2012-11-08 | Valagro Carbone Renouvelable Poitou-Charentes | Method for obtaining an alfalfa protein extract and reusable co-products |
| CN103205230A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-07-17 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation method for preparing biomass adhesive by utilizing alfalfa meal |
| CN105230963A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-01-13 | 湖北民族学院 | Method for comprehensively extracting leaf protein and chlorophyll from ginger leaves |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101301049A (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2008-11-12 | 闫景彩 | Filling type leaf protein bean curd and method for processing and producing the same |
| CN101371678A (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2009-02-25 | 甘肃省农业科学院畜草品种改良研究所 | Method for directly separating and extracting leaf protein of heart trefoil for feeding and eating |
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2011
- 2011-04-15 CN CN2011100941374A patent/CN102178026A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101301049A (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2008-11-12 | 闫景彩 | Filling type leaf protein bean curd and method for processing and producing the same |
| CN101371678A (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2009-02-25 | 甘肃省农业科学院畜草品种改良研究所 | Method for directly separating and extracting leaf protein of heart trefoil for feeding and eating |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 《中国饲料》 20061231 朱宇旌等 苜蓿干草提取叶蛋白最佳工艺的研究 33-36 1-2 , 第02期 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012150421A1 (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2012-11-08 | Valagro Carbone Renouvelable Poitou-Charentes | Method for obtaining an alfalfa protein extract and reusable co-products |
| FR2974817A1 (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2012-11-09 | Valagro Carbone Renouvelable Poitou Charentes | PROCESS FOR OBTAINING PROTEIN EXTRACT FROM LUZERNE AND VALORISABLE CO-PRODUCTS |
| CN102210739A (en) * | 2011-05-22 | 2011-10-12 | 甘肃长征药业科技有限公司 | Method for extracting total saponins and total flavonoids from alfalfa and preparation method thereof |
| CN102210739B (en) * | 2011-05-22 | 2013-04-17 | 甘肃长征药业科技有限公司 | Method for extracting total saponins and total flavonoids from alfalfa and preparation method thereof |
| CN103205230A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-07-17 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation method for preparing biomass adhesive by utilizing alfalfa meal |
| CN103205230B (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-10-29 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation method for preparing biomass adhesive by utilizing alfalfa meal |
| CN105230963A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-01-13 | 湖北民族学院 | Method for comprehensively extracting leaf protein and chlorophyll from ginger leaves |
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Application publication date: 20110914 |