CN102177662B - The antenna arrangement of multi-stream communication in mimo channel - Google Patents

The antenna arrangement of multi-stream communication in mimo channel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102177662B
CN102177662B CN200880131518.1A CN200880131518A CN102177662B CN 102177662 B CN102177662 B CN 102177662B CN 200880131518 A CN200880131518 A CN 200880131518A CN 102177662 B CN102177662 B CN 102177662B
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symbol
antenna element
uncorrelated
group
node
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CN102177662A (en
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U·林德格伦
B·哈格曼
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0691—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using subgroups of transmit antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0417—Feedback systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0602—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using antenna switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0636—Feedback format
    • H04B7/0639—Using selective indices, e.g. of a codebook, e.g. pre-distortion matrix index [PMI] or for beam selection

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the transmitting node comprising and provide heterogeneous antenna and the multi-stream communication system providing the receiving node being configured to the antenna arrangement receiving multiple data flow.Heterogeneous antenna has at least one group of multiple antenna element, and often group has N number of antenna element.Transmitting node is also provided with at least one radio link and the switch for each radio link, and switch arrangement becomes each radio link to be cyclically connected to the antenna element wherein in a group.Switchgear distribution becomes with switching frequency f swoperation.The transmitting node each antenna element be also configured to from every group launches M Weighted Symbol of uncorrelated signal, and M Weighted Symbol is less than or equal to N, and receiving node is also configured to change the N number of stream compression received into each corresponding uncorrelated signal.

Description

The antenna arrangement of multi-stream communication in mimo channel
Technical field
The present invention relates to the system and method for providing multi-stream communication, particularly using the system and method that multi-stream communication is provided between in the wireless communication system of heterogeneous antenna two nodes at least one node.
Background technology
Aerial array is the set of antenna element.Usually, antenna element is equidistantly placed along a line.Such aerial array is also referred to as uniform linear array (ULA).The general mathematical of ULA describes and is:
H ( λ , d , θ , φ ) = g ( λ , θ , φ ) Σ k = 0 K w k e 2 jπdk λ cos ( θ ) - - - ( 1 )
Wherein function g (λ, θ, φ) is the antenna element factor, and d is the distance between antenna element, and k is unit number, and λ is wavelength used.Often be called array factor.The antenna response of aerial array is by the array factor of cell response weighting, and usually such as assesses in the planes by sweeping θ angle.Antenna gain response in this plane can via weight w kchange, and main beam can be put in a desired direction.But the distance between antenna element plays the part of important role.Antenna response is such as the periodic function of θ, and the cycle is determined by cell distance d and wavelength X.One-period is mapped on θ interval [0, π] by the unit interval of λ/2.
In order to avoid adjacent layout antenna element between coupling, the distance between unit can increase.The shortcoming that the spacing of unit increases is that several cycles of gain function are mapped on θ interval [0, π].This makes antenna be fuzzy in orientation, because the copy of main beam is in visual interval.Remedying can be used in the announced heterogeneous antenna described in international patent application WO2008/066436 [with reference to 1], and this application is transferred to the applicant, and composition graphs 2 briefly describes.
Use the shortcoming of heterogeneous antenna to be time cost, that is, need to apply symbol at the whole switch cycles of switch to antenna port.This means, compare traditional antenna configuration reduce communication ratio, traditional antenna arrange in via private radio current source by signal be each antenna element feeding, as discussed in connection with FIG.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of multi-stream communication system overcoming the shortcoming that traffic rate reduces when using heterogeneous antenna.
This object is realized by the multi-stream communication system comprising two nodes, and wherein first node provides heterogeneous antenna arrangement.Heterogeneous layout comprises at least one group of multiple antenna element, and often group has the antenna element of equal number, such as N number of antenna element.The radio link comprising necessary parts such as power amplifier (PA) and block disposal ability is connected to one of at least one group of antenna element via switch.Radio link is cyclically connected to the antenna element in respective sets antenna element by switchgear distribution one-tenth.
Advantage of the present invention is, although the quantity of radio link decreases in first node, maintains the traffic rate in multi-stream communication system.
Those skilled in the art can find other object and advantage according to embodiment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
To the following accompanying drawing provided as non-limiting example be combined to describe the present invention, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 shows the existing communication system with single stream and multiple stream communication.
Fig. 2 shows the heterogeneous antenna of prior art.
Fig. 3 shows the example of the buffer for the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows the first embodiment of the communication system of mobile subscriber equipment first embodiment comprising and provide heterogeneous double antenna and the base station being configured to reception two independent data streams.
Fig. 5 a shows the second embodiment according to mobile subscriber equipment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 b shows the equivalent constructions of the mobile subscriber equipment of a modification according to the second embodiment shown in Fig. 5 a.
Fig. 6 shows according to the present invention for creating the flow chart of transmission before transmission according to the uncorrelated symbol in message.
Fig. 7 shows according to the present invention for providing the flow chart of multi-stream communication.
Embodiment
Basic conception of the present invention is the system creating the time showing as a transmission symbol for the time of transmitting some symbols.At the remainder of the application, be subscriber equipment (UE) by hypothesis first node, provide the heterogeneous antenna with one or more antenna element group.Suppose that Section Point is base station (BS), provide the ability receiving multiple data flow, such as multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) ability.In addition, suppose that communication channel is abundant, such as, support much stream.
Antenna is operated by variable weight time periodically, that is, each required heterogeneous function one group of weight.At receiver place, fuzzy heterogeneous function is combined into not fuzzy response.
Fig. 1 shows prior art communication system 20, and it comprises the base station (BS) 21 being configured to communicate with 26 with subscriber equipment (UE) 22.One UE22 provides individual antenna unit 23, and is communicated with BS by individual traffic 24.One UE22 also comprises the radio link (not shown) being connected to individual antenna unit 23, by this radio link amplifying signal, and processes the signal into symbol, launches symbol afterwards by individual traffic 24.BS21 provides the antenna arrangement 25 having multiple antenna element, be configured to receive multiple data flow.The reception capacity of BS21 is limited to the heap(ed) capacity of single input and multi-output (SIMO) channel.Thus, the maximum reception capacity of BS21 is unavailable for a UE22, and thus, limits the communication speed between BS and a UE.
2nd UE26 provides the quantity of the receivable data flow of antenna arrangement 27, N Optimum Matching BS21 comprising multiple antenna element such as N number of antenna element.In this illustration, each antenna element in antenna arrangement 27 provides independent radio link (not shown), that is, power amplifier and block disposal ability.The signal intending to be sent to from UE26 BS21 is divided into N number of signal, and each signal is exaggerated and is processed into symbol in each radio link, launches symbol afterwards by N number of data flow 28 from antenna element.
Use the maximum receiving ability of BS21, but between BS with the 2nd UE26 by N number of data flow provide the hardware needed for communication cause compared with a UE22 there is the expensive UE of suitable high energy consumption.
As in Fig. 2, the heterogeneous antenna arrangement 1 of institute's illustration can realize in UE, to compare an above-described UE22 improving communication speed, and do not provide the shortcoming of radio link to each antenna element, this is the situation for above-described 2nd UE26.
Antenna arrangement 1 is the array antenna comprising at least one group of antenna element, has the antenna element of equal number in each group.In this embodiment, array antenna 1 comprises first group of antenna element, 2, second group of antenna element 3 and the 3rd group of antenna element 4.Often organize 2,3,4 and comprise the first antenna element 5,6,7 respectively; Second antenna element 8,9,10; And third antenna unit 11,12,13.Generally speaking, array antenna 1 comprises 9 antenna element 5-13, and wherein antenna element is substantially along a line equidistant placement.Distance between adjacent antenna units is λ/2, and wherein λ is the wavelength corresponding to frequency used.In this case, if all antenna element 5-13 participate in simultaneously, such as, be coupled to reflector, then do not have graing lobe there will be.
First radio link 14 is connected to first group of antenna element 2, second radio link 15 and is connected to second group of antenna element 3, and the 3rd radio link 16 is connected to second group of antenna element 4.Each radio link 14-16 comprises and arranging for launching, receiving or the two radio unit.Be known before the structure of radio link, and be apparent for those skilled in the art, and will not be described in more detail thus.
Each radio link 14-16 is connected to respective sets antenna element 2-4 by corresponding first switch 17, second switch 18 and the 3rd switch 19.Each switch 17-19 is arranged to three antenna elements 5,8,11 in correspondence group antenna element 2-4; 6,9,12; 7, the radio link 14-16 that between 10,13, Switch Controller is answered.
All switch 17-19 switch in the same manner, make the first antenna element 5,6,7 in each respective sets antenna element 2,3,4 substantially be connected to its corresponding radio link 14,15,16 simultaneously, often the second antenna element 8,9,10 organized in antenna element 2,3,4 is connected to its corresponding radio link 14,15,16 substantially simultaneously, and the third antenna unit 11,12,13 in each respective sets antenna element 2,3,4 is connected to its corresponding radio link 14,15,16 substantially simultaneously.The load (not shown) of coupling is preferably connected at those antenna elements not being coupled to respective wireless current source 17,18,19 sometime.
The shortcoming of the antenna arrangement described in Fig. 2 refer in the introduction, i.e. time loss.The signal code being applied to each radio link needs to present during whole switch cycles, and that is, during this period, each corresponding radio link is connected to all antenna elements often organized in antenna element.
The present invention is based on and use heterogeneous antenna in node such as UE, and carry out illustration by following example.Such as, the concept how expanded in single input and multi-output (SIMO) channel context is described.
Subscriber equipment (UE) communicates with base station (BS), and supposes that BS knows Principle of Communication.In UE side, message (or signal) x be launched.Message is encoded into traffic symbols, such as quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM).The obvious is-symbol sequence of message.Suppose that these symbols are independent and equal distribution (IID) stochastic variable (RV) process, such as, be uncorrelated symbol in Gauss's situation.In fact, this hypothesis is not effective usually.Such as, but by according to certainty order slippage (shuffle) related symbol, likely approximate random behavior, that is, use interleaver or randomizer that related symbol is transformed into uncorrelated symbol.
Such as, and suppose that BS side has the ability receiving multiple data flow, BS has MIMO and supports.
the generic instance of concept of the present invention
In generic instance of the present invention, suppose that BS has four receivers, each being connected to is suitable for receiving the antenna arrangement that at least four data flow such as have MIMO ability.UE provides single power amplifier (PA), but is equipped with a switch and four antenna ports.And UE is also equipped with block disposal ability to become suitable form to transmit the Symbol processing in message, as described below.
Switch creates virtual ULA by using the heterogeneous scheme with the switch cycles being four.This means, according to reference [1], symbol applies four times, and each port once.In other words, four sub-symbols are launched.But, suppose the equidistant location of port, and channel is constant in the circulation creating array.By each symbol applied of weighting by different way, realize Beam shaper, and to send symbol institute's time spent be 4.But suppose that channel is abundant, namely support multiple data flow, then propagating is all feasible in any direction, and with identical power cost.Therefore, from message sequence, retrieve 4 symbols, and launched by virtual array.Unique basic function is used to apply all 4 symbols as weight to each antenna port.This means, all 4 symbols can be launched during a complete switch cycles.Thus, speed has increased to 4 times, and this is theoretic MIMO gain in this illustration.
Receiver place in BS, the signal of gathering is regarded as MIMO transmission.The symbol sebolic addressing received is actually a sequence, and therefore from the angle of BS, there is the loss of heterogeneous circulation timei.Emphasize at this, from UE side, transmission rate is compared and is improve in the transmission rate with reference to the antenna arrangement described in [1].Illustrative example describes this invention process.
Use basic function W to launch random sequence x, it comprises uncorrelated symbol:
x(n-3)；x(n-2)；x(n-1)；x(n)；x(n+1)；x(n+2)；x(n+3)；…
This basic function is single entry 4 × 4 matrix, and wherein row are used as beam-forming weight.
W = w 11 w 12 w 13 w 14 w 21 w 22 w 23 w 24 w 31 w 32 w 33 w 34 w 41 w 42 w 43 w 44
At time n; N+1; N+2; The transmission of n+3 is:
y 0(n)＝x(n-3)w 11(n)+x(n-2)w 12(n)+x(n-1)w 13(n)+x(n)w 14(n)(2)
y 1(n+1)＝x(n-3)w 21(n)+x(n-2)w 22(n)+x(n-1)w 23(n)+x(n)w 24(n)(3)
y 2(n+2)＝x(n-3)w 31(n)+x(n-2)w 32(n)+x(n-1)w 33(n)+x(n)w 34(n)(4)
y 3(n+3)＝x(n-3)w 41(n)+x(n-2)w 42(n)+x(n-1)w 43(n)+x(n)w 44(n)(5)
The first Weighted Symbol in formula (2) is launched via first day line cap, namely be " 0 " in the time n position of the switch, the second Weighted Symbol in formula (3) is launched via the second antenna port, and be namely " 1 " in the position of the switch of time n+1, the rest may be inferred.The message of 4 symbols thus each PA is launched with using a symbol.
In the example of illustration above, use the reflector of heterogeneous method can utilize the receiver with MIMO receiving ability.And UE has a PA in superincumbent generic instance, but, the invention is not restricted to this UE.In addition, the invention is not restricted to following situation: channel is abundant, namely there is wide-angle expansion, mean that radio propagation occurs in a plurality of directions simultaneously.
The operation described in generic instance form can turn to matrix operation to vector, that is:
Wherein K is antenna element number, and PA number is 1.Input vector is collected during equaling the time period that antenna number is multiplied by symbol time.This collection such as can use Two-way Cycle buffer to carry out.
Two-way Cycle buffer 30 is illustrated in Fig. 3.Input stored in a buffer, it is adjacent for here starting and terminating, and namely addressing is in the mode of modular arithmetic (at this mould 8).Right part 31 can use, until input feeding 33 is atop by intermediate point 34.Signal " left side buffer is ready to " sends 34, instruction right part 31 is current input buffer half, and left part 32 is ready to use, until input feeding 33 passes through intermediate point 35 in bottom, and signal " right side buffer is ready to " sends 35, instruction left part 32 is current input buffer half now, and right part 31 is ready to use again.
Therefore, when a half is filled with data (i.e. input buffer half), second half is for transmission (namely using buffer half).In addition, for each new input in input buffer half, the weighted array from using buffer half is launched.The combination of launching is as those indicated by formula 2-5.
From formula 2-5, should emphasize, be not keep sample buffer, buffer as is described in connection with fig. 3, likely calculates transmission buffer iteratively, and this is apparent for those skilled in the art.
Fig. 4 shows the first embodiment according to communication system 40 of the present invention.BS41 has two reception antennas 42 in this embodiment, is respectively connected to two receivers 43.Receiver is connected to transducer 44, and transducer 44 is configured to, based on the knowledge of the basic function W for creating the Weighted Symbol launched from UE45, the symbol transition of the data flow of reception is become message.
UE45 comprises the heterogeneous antenna with one group of two antenna element 46, the radio link being connected to switch 47 in this embodiment, switch 47 has two antenna ports being labeled as " 0 " and " 1 ", and each respective antenna unit 46 is connected to this two antenna ports.Switch 47 is arranged to radio link to be cyclically connected to antenna port, and thus with switching frequency f swbe connected to the antenna element in group.Radio link comprises PA48 and block processing unit 49.PA48 is by comprising uncorrelated symbol x (n-1); X (n); X (n+1); (x+2); Message feed, each uncorrelated symbol amplifies in PA48, and is after this fed to block processing unit 49.
In block processing unit 49, uncorrelated symbol is arranged to the uncorrelated symbol of some weightings to launch from these antenna unit during the switch cycles of switch 47.This realizes by using the uncorrelated symbol of Incoming of memory M storing message (buffer that such as composition graphs 3 describes) and using processing unit μ P to utilize the relational expression in following basic function and formula (6) to calculate the uncorrelated symbol of weighting:
W = w 11 w 12 w 21 w 22
y = y 0 ( n ) y 1 ( n + 1 ) = w 11 w 12 w 21 w 22 x ( n - 1 ) x ( n ) = Wx - - - ( 7 )
This causes the following transmission at time n:
y 0(n)＝w 11x(n-1)+w 12x(n)
This calculates simultaneously and launches (namely during the same sampling interval) by antenna port " 0 ", because symbol x (n) stores in memory.Perform another calculate and in the transmission of time n+1 be:
y 1(n+1)＝w 21x(n-1)+w 22x(n)
This launches (namely during next sampling interval) by antenna port " 1 " simultaneously, because the next symbol x (n+1) in message stores in memory.
Two data flow through the heterogeneous antenna transmission of communication channel from UE45, and receive at BS41 place, as the arrow institute illustration of two in Fig. 4.
Note, the switching frequency f of switch swin this illustration with the sample frequency f of message ssynchronously.But the traffic rate that the switching frequency exceeding message sample frequency will not increase in communication channel, because this speed is determined to the input rate in memory by symbol.
Further vague generalization has N number of amplifier by hypothesis reflector and is ready to communicate with the receiver with M amplifier to carry out.The method can be generalized to and contain MIMO transmission, given integer K, wherein M=KN.In this case, antenna element number is KN.That is launched by these antenna unit flows through basic function W 1w nformed.
The simple scenario of the user equipment (UE) 50 of K=2 and N=2 is illustrated in Fig. 5 a.Transmission array is four unit 51-54, but in only operation two sometime.In this illustration, each input signal x and z is coherent signal, is namely made up of related symbol, and provides converter 55, and wherein, before being fed to by coherent signal in power amplifier PA56, coherent signal is transformed into uncorrelated signal.The block processing unit 57 that can share for process input signal x and z after this receiving symbol they are arranged to use basic function transmission.Basic function is responsible in each time instance, suitable input signal x, z being mapped to correct antenna element 51-54 via the switch 58 and 59 as two-port switch.
First may to map be each stream use two antennas, i.e. the uncorrelated symbol x (n-1) of first-class " x "; X (n); X (n+1); Be arranged to two Weighted Symbol to use the first basic function W in the relational expression described in conjunction with formula 7 respectively at time n and n+1 1launch from antenna element 51 and 52.Same situation is applicable to second " z ", and it is transformed into uncorrelated symbol z (n-1); Z (n); Z (n+1); , and be arranged to two Weighted Symbol to use the second basic function W in the relational expression described in conjunction with formula 7 respectively at time n and n+1 2launch from antenna element 53 and 54.
But having that second of more flexible way may map is use following relational expression, and all antenna element 51-54 are used for each stream, and condition is that x and z is uncorrelated:
y = w 11 w 12 w 13 w 14 w 21 w 22 w 23 w 24 w 31 w 32 w 33 w 34 w 41 w 42 w 43 w 44 x ( n - 3 ) z ( n - 3 ) x ( n - 2 ) z ( n - 2 ) x ( n - 1 ) z ( n - 1 ) x ( n ) z ( n ) - - - ( 8 )
This causes following transmission to be launched on antenna element 51 and 53 respectively at time n:
y 51(n)＝w 11x(n-3)+w 12x(n-2)+w 13x(n-1)+w 14x(n)
y 53(n)＝w 11z(n-3)+w 12z(n-2)+w 13z(n-1)+w 14z(n)
Below transmit and launch on antenna element 52 and 54 respectively at time n+1:
y 52(n+1)＝w 21x(n-3)+w 22x(n-2)+w 23x(n-1)+w 24x(n)
y 54(n+1)＝w 21z(n-3)+w 22z(n-2)+w 23z(n-1)+w 24z(n)
Below transmit and launch on antenna element 51 and 53 respectively at time n+2:
y 51(n+2)＝w 31x(n-3)+w 32x(n-2)+w 33x(n-1)+w 34x(n)
y 53(n+2)＝w 31z(n-3)+w 32z(n-2)+w 33z(n-1)+w 34z(n)
And last transmission is launched respectively at time n+3 on antenna element 52 and 54:
y 52(n+3)＝w 41x(n-3)+w 42x(n-2)+w 43x(n-1)+w 44x(n)
y 54(n+3)＝w 41z(n-3)+w 42z(n-2)+w 43z(n-1)+w 44z(n)
Above-described method flows to two and applies identical basic function, and uses identical antenna element for two streams, and just the order of their layouts is different.Fig. 5 b illustrates when identical block processing unit 57 is connected to PA for each stream, and this situation when four port switch 58a and 59b of amendment are respectively connected to all antenna elements.
The configuration that stand-by period and the composition graphs 4 of transmission describe is equally high.But each stream use two antennas, as mentioned above, decrease the stand-by period on the contrary, cost is spatial resolution.
Should be mentioned that if perform conversion in reflector (UE), as illustration in Fig. 5 a, then the receiver at BS (not shown) place needs to provide the parts of the uncorrelated signal received being remapped into coherent signal.
Fig. 6 illustrates the step creating transmission 60 according to uncorrelated symbol, indicated by such as in formula 2-5.In a step 61, the buffer buffers of memory, such as composition graphs 3 illustrations M symbol that will use when creating transmission.M is less than or equal to the N representing available antenna unit number in every group, and preferably M equals N.
When M in buffer uncorrelated symbol is available, flow process proceeds to step 62, applies basic function W at this to M symbol, so that by creating the uncorrelated symbol of quantity N number of M weighting, as institute's illustration in formula 6 to the matrix operation of vector.In step 63, each respective transmissions with M the uncorrelated symbol of weighting is arranged in memory, and when switch cycles is by N number of antenna element, is ready to launch, because cushioned new uncorrelated symbol in a step 61 from respective antenna unit.
It should be noted that step 61-63 and transmitting step subsequently 73 (see Fig. 7) performed in period in identical sampling interval " n ", this is possible, because the sample frequency f of message sthan the clock frequency lower (see Fig. 4) of the memory M in block processing unit 49 and processing unit μ P.Therefore step 62,63 order can perform, as in conjunction with formula 7 illustrations with 73 during such as identical with symbol x (n) stored in the memory M sampling interval.
Fig. 7 shows the process for providing multi-stream communication in a wireless communication system between first node and Section Point.Flow process starts from 70, and in step 71, provides the transmitting node in system and receiving node.The transmitting node antenna arrangement that such as subscriber equipment uses has at least one group of multiple antenna element, and often group has N number of antenna element.At least one radio link also provides together with the switch for each radio link, and each radio link is cyclically connected to one of at least one group of multiple antenna element by switch.Switch is with switching frequency f swoperation.Receiving node provides the antenna arrangement being configured to receive N number of data flow.
Flow process proceeds to step 72, and if the message will launched from transmitting node contains uncorrelated symbol, then flow process directly proceeds to step 60.When symbol is correlated with, they need to be transformed into uncorrelated symbol, step 77, and flow process proceeds to step 60 afterwards.Realize related symbol to be transformed into uncorrelated symbol by filtering, intertexture etc.And, provide the knowledge of conversion to receiving node, origination message can be reconstructed by the uncorrelated symbol received of remapping, as illustrated in step 76 and 78 below.
Composition graphs 6 is described in step 60 and how creates according to uncorrelated symbol the detailed description transmitted.Multiple data flow is used to launch M the uncorrelated symbol of weighting from each respective antenna unit in step 73 afterwards.In step 74, receiving node receives N number of data flow, and the transmission of each reception is stored in memory, and in step 75 based on symbol weighted information, the basic function W namely used when creating transmission, converts them to uncorrelated symbol.The knowledge of basic function is provided to receiving node, afterwards by comprising code book that symbol weighting may change or by changing N number of data flow from the transmitting node receiving symbol weighted information in closed loop.
Flow process proceeds to step 76, and if origination message comprises uncorrelated symbol, then flow process terminates in step 79.But if origination message comprises related symbol, then flow process proceeds to step 78, the uncorrelated symbol received is remapped into related symbol, flow process terminates in step 79 afterwards.
Identical process can be applicable to each message of launching from transmitting node, because each message processes in independent radio link.Under normal circumstances, each radio link is connected to special multiple antenna elements via switch, described in such as may mapping at first of composition graphs 5a and formula 7.But, likely two radio links are connected to same group of antenna element, as long as corresponding switch port is connected to different antennae unit, as second of composition graphs 5a and Fig. 5 b may map described.
Can carry out further vague generalization, the reflector such as with two PA then can use a PA to send three streams by first using two PA.Nature, can realize this transmission by using twice two PA.Communication efficiency can be reduced to K/mono-by heterogeneous method.But in fact the emitter with two PA uses together with the antenna (virtual) with four ports.In principle, this means, more given reasonable time attributes, as independence, abundant channel can support four streams, and two streams can be selected thus to be considered as four.This hint can use higher resolution to launch these two streams when not sacrificing speed, namely launch four streams, but by becoming two streams at the structural transform of receiver-side.In fact principle explanation is illustrated in superincumbent generic instance.
Linear by using, experience PA can be regarded as at each stream at reflector place.By M port switch stream x k(n).But, due to E [x k(n) x 1(m)]=δ ((k-l)+δ (n-m)), therefore stream can be multiplexed.At this, subscript k is relevant with Spatial Dimension with l, and two independent variable n with m are relevant with time dimension.As described above, suppose that these processes are IID, this means that above identity is suitable for.Reason is, the signal/process multiplexed on time and Spatial Dimension arriving heterogeneous antenna is uncorrelated.
Generally speaking, basic function W can be any non-singular matrix, and namely need not to be single entry, condition is W is known at receiver place.When basic function is unknown or part is unknown, must estimate it, this needs attribute, such as IID.And, have based on unitary matrix W and make likely to loosen IID hypothesis.Situation is such, because make time multiplexing orthogonal by weighting.
But suppose the transmission direction (proper direction) of Notification Sink reflector, then likely multiplexed direction is selected on certainty ground, makes it possible to solving equation group with information extraction.Substantially received:
y(n)＝HWx(9)
Wherein H is channel, W and x is one of time multiplexing stream launched.Now, usually estimate channel and removed.Because proper direction is known, so can W be constructed, and can by it against removing it.What stay is the time multiplexing signal launched, and this signal can by DeMux, because multiplexing scheme is known.
Finally, when proper direction is poor or channel estimating is poor, can for x solving equation 9.This realizes by using blind search, and object is the element correlation minimizing vector y.That is, such as:
V(T)＝minarg(E[y HT HTy]) 2(10)
This is source separation problem substantially.
Abbreviation
3GPP third generation partner program
BS base station
Independent and the equal distribution of IID
MIMO multiple-input and multiple-output
PA power amplifier
QAM quadrature amplitude modulation
RV stochastic variable
UE subscriber equipment
ULA uniform linear array
Reference
[1] WO2008/066436 " Amicrowavesparsearrayantennaarrangement " of the people such as the U.Lindgren of TelefonaktiebolagetLMEricsson (publ) is transferred.

Claims (17)

1. a multi-stream communication system, comprising:
-first node, provides the antenna arrangement with at least one group of multiple antenna element, and often group has N number of antenna element; At least one radio link; And for the switch of each radio link, described switch arrangement becomes the described antenna element each radio link be cyclically connected in described at least one group in a group, and described switchgear distribution becomes with switching frequency f swoperation,
-Section Point, provides the antenna arrangement being configured to receive N number of data flow,
It is characterized in that:
-described first node each the antenna element be configured to from every group launches M Weighted Symbol of uncorrelated signal, and described uncorrelated signal comprises uncorrelated symbol, and described uncorrelated symbol has sample frequency f s, and described switching frequency f swwith described sample frequency f ssynchronous or exceed described sample frequency f s, a described M Weighted Symbol is less than or equal to N (M≤N), and
-described Section Point is also configured to change N number of stream compression of described reception into each corresponding uncorrelated signal.
2. multi-stream communication system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first node comprises the converter being configured to coherent signal is transformed into described uncorrelated signal before each antenna element transmission from every group, and described Section Point is configured to each corresponding uncorrelated signal to remap into described coherent signal.
3. multi-stream communication system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said converters becomes to use intertexture that each coherent signal is transformed into described uncorrelated signal.
4. the multi-stream communication system according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein said first node comprises the block processing unit with memory, described memory is configured to store uncorrelated symbol, and processing unit is configured to M Weighted Symbol being arranged to by the uncorrelated symbol that M stores to launch from described N number of antenna element.
5. multi-stream communication system as claimed in claim 4, wherein said memory is Two-way Cycle buffer.
6. the multi-stream communication system according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein said first node only includes the radio link that one comprises a power amplifier PA.
7. the multi-stream communication system according to any one of claim 1-3, described in the forward direction wherein changing N number of data flow of described reception, Section Point provides symbol weighted information.
8. multi-stream communication system as claimed in claim 7, wherein said Section Point comprises the code book comprising symbol weighting and may change.
9. multi-stream communication system as claimed in claim 7, wherein said Section Point is configured to from the described first node receiving symbol weighted information closed loop.
10. the multi-stream communication system according to any one of claim 1-3, the antenna arrangement of wherein said first node only has a radio link for often organizing multiple antenna element.
11. multi-stream communication system according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein said first node is the subscriber equipment in described communication system, and described Section Point is the base station in described communication system.
There is provided the method for multi-stream communication between 12. 1 kinds of first nodes in a wireless communication system and Section Point, described system comprises: first node, provides the antenna arrangement with at least one group of multiple antenna element, and often group has N number of antenna element; At least one radio link; And for the switch of each radio link, the antenna element during each radio link is cyclically connected to one of described at least one group by described switch, described switch is with switching frequency f swoperation; And Section Point, provide the antenna arrangement being configured to receive N number of data flow,
It is characterized in that, described method comprises:
-M Weighted Symbol of uncorrelated signal is launched from each antenna element the often group of described first node, described uncorrelated signal comprises uncorrelated symbol, and described uncorrelated symbol has sample frequency f s, and described switching frequency f swwith described sample frequency f ssynchronous or exceed described sample frequency f s, a described M Weighted Symbol is less than or equal to N (M≤N), and
-in described Section Point, receive described N number of data flow, and change N number of stream compression of described reception into each corresponding uncorrelated signal.
13. methods as claimed in claim 12, comprise: before each antenna element transmission in the often group of described first node, coherent signal is being transformed into described uncorrelated signal, and each corresponding uncorrelated signal received at described Section Point place is remapped into described coherent signal.
14. methods according to any one of claim 12 or 13, wherein said method also comprises: described in the forward direction of N number of data flow of the described reception of conversion, Section Point provides symbol weighted information.
15. methods according to any one of claim 12-13, wherein said method also comprises M the uncorrelated symbol (N=M) being chosen to by the N number of antenna element in every group equal to transmit, and the antenna arrangement of described first node is chosen to only have a radio link for often organizing multiple antenna element.
16. methods according to any one of claim 12-13, wherein said method is also included in the memory arranged in described first node and stores described uncorrelated symbol, and before transmission the uncorrelated symbol that M stores is arranged to M Weighted Symbol.
17. methods as claimed in claim 16, wherein said method also comprises described memory is chosen to Two-way Cycle buffer.
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