CN102177612A - Antenna with a controllable switching element connecting two antenna portions - Google Patents
Antenna with a controllable switching element connecting two antenna portions Download PDFInfo
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- CN102177612A CN102177612A CN2009801401374A CN200980140137A CN102177612A CN 102177612 A CN102177612 A CN 102177612A CN 2009801401374 A CN2009801401374 A CN 2009801401374A CN 200980140137 A CN200980140137 A CN 200980140137A CN 102177612 A CN102177612 A CN 102177612A
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- antenna
- antenna circuit
- switch element
- controllable switch
- antenna part
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
- H01Q1/2216—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in interrogator/reader equipment
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
Abstract
It is described an antenna circuit (120) for a Radio Frequency Identification reader module (140). The antenna circuit (120) comprises a first antenna portion (121) with a first contact node (121a) for connecting the first antenna portion (121) to the Radio Frequency Identification reader module (140), a second antenna portion (122) with a second contact node (122a) for connecting the second antenna portion (122) to the Radio Frequency Identification reader module (140), and a controllable switching element (130), which connects the first antenna portion (121) to the second antenna portion (122). The controllable switching element (130) is adapted to change the ohmic resistance between the first antenna portion (121) and the second antenna portion (122) as a function of a control signal, which is applied to the controllable switching element (130). It is further described a RFID reader system (100), which comprises a RFID reader module (140) and an antenna circuit (120) as described above. Furthermore, it is described a method for adjusting the quality factor of an antenna circuit (120) as described above.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the antenna circuit technical field, described antenna circuit specifically is used for radio-frequency (RF) identification (RFID) equipment.Specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of adaptive antenna circuit that comprises the scalable quality factor.The invention still further relates to a kind of RFID reader system, this RFID reader system comprises RFID reader module and above-mentioned antenna circuit.In addition, the present invention relates to a kind of method of adjusting the quality factor of above-mentioned antenna circuit.
Background technology
Recently, using radio-frequency (RF) identification (RFID) technology, to locate and follow the tracks of various types of objects more and more general.The reason that this generality improves is more and more lower with the cost that utilizes manufacturing of RFID technology and realization reader and label to be associated.In addition, for the application of more intensive encapsulation, RFID reader and label have been made even are littler.
In order to obtain electromagnetic coupled and reliable signal transmission good between RFID label and the RFID reader, must regulate antenna at the quality factor aspect of antenna (antenna of RFID reader particularly).Energy transmission efficiently between RFID reader and RFID label if desired then needs higher quality factor.For example when RFID label and RFID reader toward each other away from the time, need this energy efficiently to transmit.Bigger if desired bandwidth is used for the wireless transmission between RFID reader and the RFID label, then needs less quality factor.For example when sending and/or when must be by the data volume that RFID receives big, need bigger bandwidth from the RFID reader.
WO 2,007 030 864 A1 have described the optimization of the quality factor (the Q factor) of RFID antenna.Energy transmits efficiently needs the higher relatively Q factor.When being target, require the low relatively Q factor with the high bandwidth requirements.By to from/switch to the capacitor and/or the inductor of RFID antenna circuit, carry out described Q factor optimizing.
US5,815,355 have described the adjusting to the Q factor of the antenna of RFID equipment.By the shunting transistor between two terminals that other load transistor are parallel to the RFID antenna circuit, implement the Q factor and regulate.Described other load transistor is used for changing according to the data that read from memory the Q factor of accumulator.
For example, also known from U.S. Patent application US 2006/0165039A1, utilize the by-passed resistor that is connected to the RFID antenna circuit selectively, the quality factor of regulating the loop antenna that is used for the RFID reader.By different by-passed resistors being connected with antenna circuit and/or disconnecting, the quality factor that can suitably regulate corresponding RF ID antenna circuit according to the current demand that provides.Yet this process is suitable trouble, because for each quality factor, must set up the different circuits of RFID antenna circuit.
Can aspect the antenna quality factor, promote the adaptability of antenna circuit.
Summary of the invention
Can satisfy this demand according to the described theme of independent claims.Dependent claims has been described advantageous embodiment of the present invention.
According to a first aspect of the invention, provide a kind of antenna circuit, a kind of particularly coil antenna circuit that is used for the RFID reader module.The antenna circuit that is provided comprises: (a) first antenna part comprises first contact node that first antenna part is connected to the RFID reader module; (b) second antenna part comprises second contact node that second antenna part is connected to the RFID reader module; And (c) controllable switch element, first antenna part is connected to second antenna part.Therefore, controllable switch element is suitable for changing Ohmic resistance between first antenna part and second antenna part according to the control signal that is applied to described controllable switch element.
A first aspect of the present invention is based on following design: the quality factor that comprises the aerial coil of first and second antenna part, only by apply suitable control signal to controllable switch element, just can easily regulate the quality factor of aerial coil, wherein said aerial coil comprises first and second antenna part.Therefore, can select suitable Ohmic resistance so that first and second antenna part are connected to each other, wherein said suitable Ohmic resistance can be regarded as the damping element in the antenna circuit.
When operation during described antenna circuit, may need to increase the bandwidth of antenna circuit, for example with increase by antenna circuit receive and/maximum amount of data that sends.In this case, must reduce often to be known as the quality factor of the Q factor or the coil Q factor.This need increase the Ohmic resistance of the controllable switch element that first and second antenna part are linked to each other.
In contrast, may also need to reduce the bandwidth of antenna circuit, for example with in the sensitivity that increases transmitting power under the transmission situation and/or under reception condition, improve antenna circuit.In this case, must increase quality factor.This need reduce the Ohmic resistance of controllable switch element.
According to embodiments of the invention, controllable switch element is suitable for changing in a continuous manner the Ohmic resistance of this controllable switch element.This advantage that provides is any value that can regulate Ohmic resistance.
According to another embodiment of this invention, antenna circuit comprises the layout of symmetry, and wherein, when with symmetric mode operational antennas circuit, the place, crosspoint between first antenna part and second antenna part forms void point electrical ground.
Different with the antenna circuit that comprises asymmetric layout, described symmetric configuration allows to come the operational antennas circuit in the mode of concrete interference-free influence.Therefore, at void point electrical ground, aerial voltage has the voltage level that approaches zero volt at least.In addition, the empty influence that is not subjected to the antenna circuit off resonance electrical ground.
For example can realize described symmetrical antenna circuit by common loop antenna is cut apart and insert controllable switch element between two antenna part that produced by cutting procedure at central point, described two antenna part from.
According to another embodiment of the invention, control signal is a voltage signal.This advantage that provides is to regulate the Ohmic resistance of controllable switch element in mode simply and efficiently.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the Ohmic resistance of controllable switch element scalable in zero ohm to infinitely great ohm resistance range.
Particularly, when Ohmic resistance was zero, first antenna part and second antenna part directly were connected with each other.In this case, the quality factor of antenna circuit will be maximum, thereby frequency bandwidth will be minimum.In contrast, when Ohmic resistance was infinity, first antenna part and second antenna part were not electrically connected to each other.In this case, described antenna circuit comprises can separate operation two independently antenna elements.
According to another embodiment of the invention, controllable switch element comprises semiconductor device.Particularly, semiconductor device can be a transistor.Therefore, be applied to the control signal of transistor base, can revise the transistorized electric current of flowing through in response to the electrical potential difference on the transistor.
In this respect, mentioned and concrete being positioned at or approaching at least above-mentioned void when putting electrical ground when transistor, the voltage between source transistor gate terminal and the transistor drain terminal is less, thereby makes transistor be operated in unsaturated state aspect its ohm property.Therefore, transistor will serve as ohmic resistor, and wherein resistance value can be regulated with controllable mode.
According to another embodiment of the invention, controllable switch element is a mos field effect transistor.This advantage that provides is that when controlling and/or regulating controllable switch element mos field effect transistor (MOSFET) respectively, the electric current that MOSFET drew can significantly be reduced to minimum current.Therefore, can realize almost desirable voltage control with simple and effective and efficient manner to Ohmic resistance between first antenna part and the second antenna part antenna.
The use of MOSFET also provides following advantage: can realize controllable switch element by complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) used for a long time (CMOS) technology.This can provide following advantage: can realize whole radio-frequency (RF) identification (RFID) reader system by the CMOS technology of application of known, described in the application, described RFID reader system comprises RFID reader module and RFID antenna circuit.
According to another embodiment of the invention, antenna circuit also comprises filter circuit, and described filter circuit is connected to controllable switch element and is suitable for providing control signal to controllable switch element.This advantage that can provide is, can eliminate the concussion of not expecting on the control signal with simple and effective and efficient manner.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of radio-frequency (RF) identification (RFID) reader system.This RFID reader system comprises: (a) RFID reader module and (b) above-mentioned antenna circuit.Therefore, antenna circuit is electrically connected to the RFID reader module.
Equally, of the present invention this on the other hand based on following design: only by applying suitable control signal to controllable switch element, the quality factor that can easily regulate the aerial coil that comprises first and second antenna part.Therefore, can select suitable Ohmic resistance so that first and second antenna part are connected to each other, described suitable Ohmic resistance can be counted as the damping element in the antenna circuit.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of method of regulating the quality factor of antenna circuit.The method that is provided comprises: (a) controllable switch element between second antenna part of first antenna part that is connected antenna circuit and antenna circuit applies control signal, and wherein controllable switch element is suitable for changing Ohmic resistance between first antenna part and second antenna part according to control signal; And (b) by selecting suitable intensity, the quality factor of regulating antenna circuit for control signal.
Equally, of the present invention this on the other hand also based on following design: can be by apply suitable control signal, the quality factor of regulating antenna circuit to controllable switch element.Therefore, can select suitable Ohmic resistance so that first and second antenna part are connected to each other, described suitable Ohmic resistance can be counted as the damping element in the antenna circuit.
It should be noted that and described embodiments of the invention with reference to different themes.Particularly, the reference method claim has been described some embodiment, and the reference device claim has been described other embodiment.Yet, those skilled in the art will from above-mentioned and below description infer, unless otherwise noted, otherwise think except the combination in any of the feature that belongs to one type of theme, disclosed herein as well is the combination in any between the feature that relates to different themes, particularly the combination in any between the feature of the feature of claim to a method and equipment claim.
Above-mentioned aspect of the present invention and other aspects be conspicuous from the example of the embodiment that hereinafter describes, and the example of reference example are set forth.The example of reference example is with more detailed description hereinafter in the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 has described the schematic diagram of the RFID reader system that comprises the separate antenna circuit, and described separate antenna circuit has via controllable switch element two antenna part connected to one another.
Fig. 2 has described the emulation of the RFID reader system of describing among Fig. 1, and described emulation utilizes Electronic Design software program OrCAD to realize.
Embodiment
Example among the figure is schematic.It should be noted that in different figure, similar or components identical has identical reference symbol or has only first digit order number and the corresponding different reference symbol of reference symbol.
Fig. 1 has described the schematic diagram of radio-frequency (RF) identification (RFID) reader system 100.RFID reader system 100 comprises antenna circuit 120 and RFID reader module 140.RFID reader module 140 is standard modules.Because this module is widely known by the people in the RFID technical field, simple and clear in order to make the application, hereinafter be not described in detail the configuration of RFID reader module 140.
According to the embodiments described herein, controllable switch element is a mos field effect transistor (MOSFET) 130.The grid of MOSFET 130 is connected to Control Node 130a.
As can be seen from Figure 1, antenna circuit 120 comprises symmetric design, and this symmetry relates to by controllable switch element 130 and separating.In addition, RFID reader module 140 makes that with symmetric pattern operational antennas circuit 120 forming void between two antenna part 121 and 122 puts 125 electrical ground.It can also be seen that from Fig. 1 controllable switch element 130 is positioned at empty 125 the position of putting electrical ground of next-door neighbour.
In this respect, must should be mentioned that, described symmetrical mode of operation and the void that therefore causes are put 125 be formed under the transmission situation and all can realize under the reception condition electrical ground, wherein, under the transmission situation, antenna circuit 120 specifically sends wireless signal to one or more RFID labels, and under reception condition, antenna circuit 120 specifically picks up wireless signal from one or more RFID labels.
When operation antenna circuit 120 under described symmetric pattern, void is put 125 electrical ground and is had zero electromotive force that lies prostrate.In addition, empty put electrical ground 125 insensitive for the off resonance of antenna circuit 120.
Near owing to putting electrical ground in void 125 low-voltage is operated at symmetrical antenna circuit 120 under the situation of symmetric pattern, and the source-drain voltage of MOSFET 130 also will be very little.Therefore, MOSFET 130 will be operated in unsaturated state aspect its ohm property.Therefore, MOSFET 130 serves as the ohmic resistor between two antenna part 121 and 122, wherein can come to regulate resistance value with controlled manner by applying suitable voltage signal to Control Node 130a.This voltage signal can be the gate source voltage of MOSFET 130.
According to the embodiments described herein, Ohmic resistance can be taked the arbitrary value in wide ohm scope in a continuous manner.Preferably, ohm scope arrives between infinitely great ohm between zero ohm.As above described, the resistance value of each ohmic resistor of MOSFET 130 is directly relevant with the quality factor (the Q factor) of antenna circuit 120.Therefore, described antenna circuit 120 has been represented adaptive antenna circuit.
For example, if the frequency bandwidth of antenna circuit 120 must increase, specifically to increase the maximum amount of data that antenna circuit 120 can send and/or receive, then quality factor must reduce.This need increase the Ohmic resistance of MOSFET 130.
In contrast, if for example the bandwidth of antenna circuit 120 must reduce, specifically with in the sensitivity that improves transmitted power under the transmission situation and/or improve antenna circuit 120 under reception condition, then quality factor must increase, and this need reduce the Ohmic resistance of MOSFET 130.
Fig. 2 has described the emulation of RFID reader system 100, and it is now with reference number 200 names.Emulation utilizes Electronic Design software program OrCAD to realize, described Electronic Design software program OrCAD is the proprietary software tool set that is mainly used in electric design automation.
Illustrated emulation relates to the transmission situation, and wherein RFID reader system 200 sends wireless signal to the RFID label.Yet the inventor examines, and the above-mentioned design of RFID reader system 200 also is applicable to reception condition, the wireless signal that RFID reader system 200 receives from least one RFID label under reception condition.
Be mentioned to as above-mentioned, antenna circuit 220 comprises: first antenna part 221 with first contact node 221a; Second antenna part 222 with second contact node 222a; And put 230 places electrical ground with first antenna part 221 and second antenna part, 222 mos field effect transistor connected to one another (MOSFET) 230 in void.By Control Node 230a, the grid that suitable voltage can be applied to MOSFET 230 is to regulate the suitable Ohmic resistance between first antenna part 221 and second antenna part 222.
According to the embodiments described herein, the voltage that Control Node 230a place is provided carries out filtering, with the higher-order of oscillation of not expecting of suppressing antenna circuit 220.Therefore, filter circuit 260 comprises voltage generator 262, and described voltage generator 262 is connected to void via electric hierarchic structure and puts 225 and Control Node 230a electrical ground, described electric hierarchic structure four resistor R 11, R12, R13 and R14 and a capacitor C 11.As seen from Figure 2, the negative output of voltage generator 262 is connected to ground GND.
At the equivalent electric circuit that is used for OrCAD emulation, capacitor C 0 expression comprises the parasitic capacitance of the antenna loop of two antenna part 221 and 222.The electric capacity that C0 ' expression is used to make the output of antenna circuit 220 and RFID reader module 240 to be complementary.In addition, the second matching capacitor C2 that distributes to the first matching capacitor C1 of first antenna part 221 and distribute to second antenna part 222 has been used for the OrCAD simulation process.
The stray inductance of inductance L 1 expression first antenna part 221.The parasitic Ohmic resistance of resistor R 1 expression first antenna part 221.Therefore, the stray inductance of inductance L 2 expressions second antenna part 222, and the parasitic Ohmic resistance of resistor R 2 expressions second antenna part 222.
As seen from Figure 2, the RFID reader module that utilized signal generator 242 emulation, wherein signal generator 242 a output is connected to the ground GND and the second contact node 222a.Another output of signal generator 242 is connected to the first contact node 221a via regulating resistor R0.According to the embodiments described herein, regulate resistance R 0 and have 50 ohm resistance value.
Being to be noted that word " comprises " does not get rid of other elements or step, and word " " is not got rid of a plurality of.In addition, can make up with the different embodiment element of describing that is associated.It shall yet further be noted that reference symbol in the claims should not be construed as the scope that limits claim.
Reference number
The 100RFID reader system
120 antenna circuits
121 first antenna part
121a first contact node
122 second antenna part
122a second contact node
125 void are point electrical ground
130 controllable switch element/semiconductor device/mos field effect transistor
The 130a Control Node
The 140RFID reader module
The 200RFID reader system
220 antenna circuits
221 first antenna part
221a first contact node
222 second antenna part
222a second contact node
225 void are point electrical ground
230 mos field effect transistor
The 230a Control Node
240RFID reader module (transmission situation)
242 signal generators
260 filter circuits
262 voltage generators
The parasitic capacitance of C0 antenna loop
C0 ' matching capacitance
The C1 matching capacitance
The C2 matching capacitance
The stray inductance of L1 first antenna part
The parasitic Ohmic resistance of R1 first antenna part
The stray inductance of L2 second antenna part
The parasitic Ohmic resistance of R2 second antenna part
The resistor of R11 filter circuit
The resistor of R12 filter circuit
The resistor of R13 filter circuit
The resistor of R14 filter circuit
The capacitor of C11 filter circuit
The GND earth potential
The R0 regulating resistor
Claims (10)
1. an antenna circuit that is used for RFID reader module (140) specifically is loop antenna circuit (120), and described antenna circuit (120) comprising:
First antenna part (121) comprises first contact node (121a) that is used for first antenna part (121) is connected to RFID reader module (140);
Second antenna part (122) comprises second contact node (122a) that is used for second antenna part (122) is connected to RFID reader module (140); And
Controllable switch element (130), first antenna part (121) is connected to second antenna part (122), and wherein said controllable switch element (130) is suitable for changing Ohmic resistance between first antenna part (121) and second antenna part (122) according to the control signal that is applied to described controllable switch element (130).
2. the described antenna circuit of claim as described above, wherein,
Controllable switch element (130) is suitable for changing in a continuous manner the Ohmic resistance of described controllable switch element (130).
3. the described antenna circuit of each claim in the claim as described above, wherein,
Antenna circuit (120) comprises symmetric configuration, and wherein when operating described antenna circuit (120) with symmetric mode, the place, crosspoint between first antenna part (121) and second antenna part (122) forms void point (125) electrical ground.
4. the described antenna circuit of each claim in the claim as described above, wherein,
Control signal is a voltage signal.
5. the described antenna circuit of each claim in the claim as described above, wherein,
The Ohmic resistance of controllable switch element (130) is scalable in zero ohm to infinitely great ohm resistance range.
6. the described antenna circuit of each claim in the claim as described above, wherein,
Controllable switch element comprises semiconductor device (130).
7. the described antenna circuit of each claim in the claim as described above, wherein,
Controllable switch element is mos field effect transistor (130).
8. the described antenna circuit of each claim in the claim as described above also comprises:
Filter circuit (260) is connected to controllable switch element (130,230) and is suitable for providing control signal to controllable switch element (130,230).
9. a radio frequency identification reader system (100) comprising:
RFID reader module (140); And
The described antenna circuit of each claim (120) in the aforementioned claim,
Wherein said antenna circuit (120) is electrically connected to described RFID reader module (140).
10. the method for the quality factor of an adjusting antenna circuit (120), described method comprises:
Apply control signal to controllable switch element (130), wherein, described controllable switch element
(130) be connected between second antenna part (122) of first antenna part (121) of antenna circuit (120) and antenna circuit (120), described controllable switch element (130) is suitable for changing Ohmic resistance between first antenna part (121) and second antenna part (122) according to control signal; And
By the quality factor of selecting suitable intensity to regulate antenna circuit (120) for control signal.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08105537.8 | 2008-10-09 | ||
| EP08105537 | 2008-10-09 | ||
| PCT/IB2009/054342 WO2010041189A1 (en) | 2008-10-09 | 2009-10-05 | Antenna with a controllable switching element connecting two antenna portions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102177612A true CN102177612A (en) | 2011-09-07 |
Family
ID=41668468
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009801401374A Pending CN102177612A (en) | 2008-10-09 | 2009-10-05 | Antenna with a controllable switching element connecting two antenna portions |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2335315B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102177612A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010041189A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104052516A (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-17 | 英特尔移动通信有限责任公司 | Tunable quality factor |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2972314A1 (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2016-07-07 | Smith & Nephew Plc | Negative pressure wound therapy apparatus and method of operating the apparatus |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1143227A (en) * | 1994-10-06 | 1997-02-19 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Non-contact IC card and non-contact IC card system |
| US6400274B1 (en) * | 1995-08-31 | 2002-06-04 | Intermec Ip Corp. | High-performance mobile power antennas |
| CN101150221A (en) * | 2007-10-17 | 2008-03-26 | 公安部第一研究所 | An antenna of book electronic certificate read-write device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB588044A (en) * | 1944-10-31 | 1947-05-13 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Improvements in aerial arrays |
-
2009
- 2009-10-05 EP EP09740961.9A patent/EP2335315B1/en active Active
- 2009-10-05 WO PCT/IB2009/054342 patent/WO2010041189A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-10-05 CN CN2009801401374A patent/CN102177612A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1143227A (en) * | 1994-10-06 | 1997-02-19 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Non-contact IC card and non-contact IC card system |
| US6400274B1 (en) * | 1995-08-31 | 2002-06-04 | Intermec Ip Corp. | High-performance mobile power antennas |
| CN101150221A (en) * | 2007-10-17 | 2008-03-26 | 公安部第一研究所 | An antenna of book electronic certificate read-write device |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104052516A (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-17 | 英特尔移动通信有限责任公司 | Tunable quality factor |
| US9225381B2 (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2015-12-29 | Intel Deutschland Gmbh | Tunable quality factor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2335315B1 (en) | 2016-09-07 |
| WO2010041189A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
| EP2335315A1 (en) | 2011-06-22 |
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Application publication date: 20110907 |