CN102176629A - Control apparatus for a battery circuit, charging control apparatus controlling charging current and electronic device using the same - Google Patents
Control apparatus for a battery circuit, charging control apparatus controlling charging current and electronic device using the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102176629A CN102176629A CN2011101311574A CN201110131157A CN102176629A CN 102176629 A CN102176629 A CN 102176629A CN 2011101311574 A CN2011101311574 A CN 2011101311574A CN 201110131157 A CN201110131157 A CN 201110131157A CN 102176629 A CN102176629 A CN 102176629A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
- G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
- G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Provided is a control apparatus that controls a battery circuit, including a voltage detector that detects a battery voltage, a battery protection circuit that stops charging current when the battery voltage detected by the voltage detecting unit exceeds a protection voltage, and a charging circuit being capable of changing a charging current value for charging a battery. The control apparatus includes an input interface that reads the battery voltage detected by the voltage detecting unit, a decision unit that decides whether or not the read battery voltage has approached the protection voltage to a predetermined limit value, an output interface that outputs a signal for controlling the charging current, and a current control unit that limits the charging current to a predetermined limit value via the output interface when the read battery voltage is decided to have approached the protection voltage to the predetermined limit value.
Description
The application is to be on September 25th, 2008 applying date, and application number is 200810168027.6, and denomination of invention is divided an application for the patent application of " their electronic equipment of battery circuit control device, battery charge controller and use ".
Technical field
Present technique relates to a kind of charging control technology that is used for battery.
Background technology
Storage battery with charging voltage upper limit is equipped with protective circuit, and this protective circuit monitors cell voltage so that prevent overcharging of battery, and if cell voltage surpass upper voltage limit, then this protective circuit stops charging operations.
In addition, by using charging circuit to carry out the charging operations of storage battery.Charging circuit is the circuit of current constant and voltage constant, and this circuit can be controlled charging current and charging voltage.In this case, carry out charging control, so that make charging voltage be no more than preset upper limit voltage.
Summary of the invention
Yet, cell voltage is monitored and charging voltage is monitored to have error by charging circuit by protective circuit.Therefore, though in fact charged state is not full state, charging operations may stop owing to the error of protective circuit and charging circuit, thereby causes the undercharge state.
A purpose of present technique provides a kind of charging control technology, and it can be with charge in batteries to desired charged state by reducing the influence of the above-mentioned detection error when the storage battery with protective circuit is charged.
In order to overcome the above problems, present technique has adopted structure described below.In the one side of present technique, will a kind of control device that is used for battery circuit be described, this battery circuit comprises: voltage detection unit, it detects cell voltage; Battery protecting circuit, when the detected cell voltage of voltage detection unit had surpassed protection voltage, this battery protecting circuit stopped electric current being charged; And charging circuit, it can change the charging current value that is used for battery charge.This control device comprises: input interface, and it reads by the detected cell voltage of voltage detection unit; Determining unit, it determines whether cell voltage that reads and the degree of closeness of protecting voltage have arrived the preestablished limit value; Output interface, its output is used to control the signal of charging current; And current control unit, when the cell voltage of determining to read and protection voltage when being close to the preestablished limit value, this current control unit is limited to charging current by output interface the preestablished limit value.
According to this structure, charging current is limited in following state, and cell voltage approaches to protect voltage in this state.Therefore, thus can avoid cell voltage to surpass protection voltage as much as possible stops the situation of charging current.
Here, described battery is made of a plurality of unit group of series connection, and each in these unit groups includes a unit or a plurality of unit, and described voltage detection unit can comprise the measuring circuit that each the voltage in these unit groups is detected.The result; described determining unit determines whether any one voltage in these unit groups and the described protection voltage of this unit group have been close to the preestablished limit value; if and determine that any one voltage in these unit groups has been close to described preestablished limit value with the described protection voltage of this unit group, then described current control unit only need limit described charging current.According to this structure, can determine whether the voltage of each unit group and the protection voltage of this unit group have been close to the preestablished limit value.In other words, can based in these unit groups each voltage rather than the voltage of entire cell determine whether and should limit charging current.
Present technique on the other hand in, a kind of control device that is used for battery circuit is provided, this battery circuit comprises: voltage detection unit, it detects cell voltage; Battery protecting circuit, when the detected described cell voltage of described voltage detection unit surpassed protection voltage, described battery protecting circuit stopped charging current; And charging circuit, it can change the charging current value that is used for battery charge, and described control device can comprise: input interface, the signal of the running status of described battery protecting circuit has been indicated in its input; Output interface, its output is used to control the signal of described charging current; The guard mode determining unit, it determines whether described battery protecting circuit has stopped described charging current; The voltage status determining unit, after described battery protecting circuit stopped described charging current, described voltage status determining unit determined whether described cell voltage has reached described protection voltage; And charging control unit; when described cell voltage does not reach described protection voltage as yet; described charging control unit is cancelled the stopped process of the described charging current of being carried out by described battery protecting circuit, and restarts charging with the described charging current that is limited to the preestablished limit value via described output interface.In other words; if after battery protecting circuit temporarily stops charging current; cell voltage does not reach protection voltage as yet; then cancel the stopped process of the charging current of carrying out by battery protecting circuit; and restart charging with the charging current that is limited to the preestablished limit value via output interface, therefore can continue charging as far as possible longways battery.
In addition, can be battery charge controller on the other hand as the combination of control device and battery circuit.Another aspect can be the electronic equipment as the combination of battery, battery charge controller and load.
Therefore, when the storage battery that is equipped with protective circuit is charged, can reduce the influence of above-mentioned detection error, so that can as far as possible charge in batteries be arrived desired charged state.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of an example of the hardware configuration of illustration electronic equipment.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of an example of illustration charging circuit structure.
Fig. 3 illustration the example of operation of battery charge controller.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of illustration by the conventional control sequence of microcomputer execution.
Fig. 5 is not protected the schematic diagram of the variation of the electric current of circuit protection and voltage for illustration.
Fig. 6 is the electric current of illustration when protective circuit is worked and the schematic diagram of the variation of voltage.
Fig. 7 is illustrated in according to the electric current under the charging control of first execution mode and the schematic diagram of change in voltage.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of illustration according to the charging control process of first execution mode.
Fig. 9 reduces the schematic diagram of the details of control procedure for the illustration charging current.
Figure 10 illustration the example that progressively reduces along with the time of charging current.
Figure 11 illustration is when charging voltage reaches assigned voltage, and charging current roughly is reduced to and approaches example zero and that charging current further progressively increases.
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of an example of illustration protective circuit reseting procedure.
Figure 13 illustration the example of detailed structure of electronic equipment.
Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of illustration according to the example of the charging control process of the 3rd execution mode.
Embodiment
After this, the charging circuit and the electronic equipment that has used according to the charging circuit of execution mode of storage battery will be described with reference to the drawings.Structure in the execution mode described below only is for example, and this technology is not limited to the structure in the execution mode.
(first execution mode)
After this, will charging circuit and electronic equipment be described referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 9.Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of an example of the hardware configuration of illustration electronic equipment.This electronic equipment is a portable set, for example notebook type (or on knee) personal computer, personal digital assistant, mobile phone, portable game machine, e-dictionary, portable music player, portable video player, portable television receiver, portable radio etc.
This electronic equipment comprises battery pack 1 and is connected to the main part 2 of battery pack 1, will be supplied to this main part 2 from the electric power of battery pack 1.Battery pack 1 can have the form that is embedded in the main part 2, perhaps can have the form that is connected to main part 2 from the outside.It should be noted that also and can power to main part 2 from commercial AC power supplies by AC adapter 3.
Battery pack 1 (corresponding to battery) comprises that a plurality of battery unit 11-1 are to 11-4.In this example, battery unit 11-1 and 11-2 parallel connection are so that form stacks of cells BLK1.In addition, battery unit 11-3 and 11-4 parallel connection are so that form stacks of cells BLK2.In addition, stacks of cells BLK1 and BLK2 series connection.
Yet though Fig. 1 shows battery unit 11-1 to 11-4, the quantity of battery unit is not limited to four.In addition, stacks of cells is not limited to the structure of two battery units.Three or more battery units can serial or parallel connection, so that form stacks of cells.In addition, three or more stacks of cells can serial or parallel connection, so that form battery pack.After this, if mention battery unit generally, then be referred to as battery unit 11 simply.
The electric power that from exterior terminal the battery unit 11 of battery pack 1 is provided for charging by switch 12 and current sensing resistor 15.Switch 12 is the semiconductor switchs such as transistor etc.
The control of switch 12 origin self-protection circuits' 13 (corresponding to battery protecting circuit) control signal is so that open it and close.To the digital signal of protective circuit 13 supplies, so that detect the voltage of battery unit 11 from A/D converter 14 (corresponding to voltage detection unit).At this, to unit group BLK1 and BLK2 therein the voltage of series connected battery (electromotive force) at some A1 place shown in Figure 1 carry out the A/D conversion, and send it to protective circuit 13.
Then, protective circuit 13 will compare from the cell voltage and the predetermined reference value (after this being called protection voltage) of A/D converter 14, so that output is used to open and close the signal of switch 12.Protective circuit 13 can be made of microcomputer and control program.Yet, protective circuit 13 also can be simply by to comparator that compares as the analog signal of the magnitude of voltage (voltage before the A/D conversion) at some A1 place shown in Figure 1 and analog reference voltage and the circuit formation that opens or closes switch 12 based on output signal from comparator.Under any circumstance, when any one voltage in these unit (unit group) of the battery pack 1 that is made of series connection and battery unit 11 in parallel becomes predetermined protection voltage, protective circuit 13 off switch 12.Therefore, protective circuit 13 has prevented that battery unit 11 exceedingly charges.This process is called the additives for overcharge protection process.
It should be noted that the voltage at 14 pairs of points of A/D converter A1 place and the voltage execution A/D conversion of single battery unit group, and the result that A/D changes is sent to main part 2 by the I2C bus.In addition, current sensing resistor 15 produces and the proportional voltage drop of charging current.A/D converter 14 is also carried out the A/D conversion to the voltage at current sensing resistor 15 two ends, and the result of A/D conversion is sent to main part 2 by the I2C bus.The I2C bus is the serial bus circuit.In addition, though the structure that will use the I2C bus in this charging circuit as an example, being electrically connected between main part 2 and the A/D converter 14 is not limited to the I2C bus.
Main part 2 comprises load 20 and power control unit 4, the electric power that these power control unit 4 controls will be supplied to the electric power of load 20 and be used for battery pack 1 is charged.In addition, power control unit 4 comprises the power circuit 21 that supplies power to load 20, charging circuit 23 that battery pack 1 is charged and the microcomputer 22 that power circuit 21 and charging circuit 23 are controlled.
Microcomputer 22 (corresponding to control unit) has interface (corresponding to input interface), D/A converter and the output (corresponding to output interface) thereof etc. of CPU, memory, I2C etc., and they do not illustrate in the drawings.Program on the CPU execute store of microcomputer 22 is so that produce the control signal that is used for power circuit 21 and charging circuit 23.
For example, the voltage of the various piece of microcomputer 22 monitoring battery unit 11 (the unit group of locating at an A1, A2 etc., current sensing resistor 15 etc.) by the circuit (corresponding to measuring circuit) that is connected to the I2C bus.Then, microcomputer 22 is used for voltage and current that battery pack 1 is charged by charging circuit 23 control according to monitor voltage.
In addition, microcomputer 22 will leave and close the opening and closing input of signal provision to protective circuit 13, so that make switch 12 can switch to closed condition.In open mode, protective circuit 13 is carried out above-mentioned additives for overcharge protection process.On the contrary, in off position, switch 12 remains on closed condition, and does not consider by the performed overvoltage protection status of processes of protective circuit 13.
Be provided with so-called hysteresis when in addition, in the performed additives for overcharge protection process of protective circuit 13, determining to overcharge.For example, when charging voltage became 4.25 volts, the work of additives for overcharge protection process was so that close switch 12.In this case, the additives for overcharge protection process does not stop, so that make switch 12 maintain closed condition, becomes 4.20 up to charging voltage.When charging voltage becomes 4.20 volts or lower the time, the additives for overcharge protection process stops, so that switch 12 is opened.Therefore in this case, in the hysteresis that is used for determining 0.05 volt of existence between 4.25 volts charging voltage that the additives for overcharge protection process begins and the 4.20 volts of charging voltages that are used for determining the end of additives for overcharge protection process.
In this embodiment, when microcomputer 22 had cut out the opening and closing input of protective circuit 13, protective circuit 13 made switch 12 former states maintain closed condition.In this case, protective circuit 13 does not have the ground of hysteresis work (yet switch 12 maintains closed condition).In addition, microcomputer 22 cuts out protective circuit 13, opens protective circuit 13 then, so that protective circuit 13 is not restarted to open or close the action of switch 12 with having hysteresis according to the voltage of unit group.In case switch 12 is opened, then form hysteresis.
Fig. 2 shows the block diagram as the charging circuit 23 of an example.Charging circuit 23 comprises: battery charge controller 231, and it receives the setting from microcomputer 22, and control charging current and charging voltage; FET 232 and FET 233, they switch between open mode and closed condition by battery charge controller 231; Coil 234, it produces electromotive force by the impulse waveform that FET 232 and FET 233 produce; And current sensing resistor 235, it receives the output from coil 234, the proportional voltage drop of electric current that produces thus Yu flow through.Though in Fig. 2, omit, also can be provided for capacitor with the node ground connection between current sensing resistor 235 and the coil 234.
Above-mentioned FET 232 and FET 233 and coil 234 have constituted DC to DC transducer (circuit of synchronous rectification).The duty of the pulse signal by being used for battery charge controller 231 is recently determined output voltage values or the output current value of this DC to the DC transducer, so that open or close FET 232 and FET 233.
In addition, battery charge controller 231 with the electromotive force at the some C place between current sensing resistor 235 and the battery pack 1 (promptly, voltage between some C and the ground) reference voltage with charging voltage set input 237 places compares, so that control will be supplied to the pulse signal of FET 232 and FET 233.More specifically, battery charge controller 231 control has degenerative pulse signal, thereby electromotive force that the input (some C) of battery pack 1 locates and the difference between the reference voltage are diminished.
Fig. 3 illustration the example of operation of battery charge controller 231.Battery charge controller 231 is according to controlling charging current and charging voltage by the target voltage and the target current of outside regulation.As shown in Figure 3, battery charge controller 231 is by being divided into the constant current scope with time shaft and the constant voltage scope is carried out control sequence.At first, when beginning to charge and in battery pack 1 before the sufficient electric charge of accumulation, battery charge controller 231 is the duty ratio of control impuls owing to the cause of FET 232 and FET 233, thereby makes the voltage drop at current sensing resistor 235 two ends become charging current setting input value.As a result, carry out charging with constant current during from the charging beginning, become the preestablished limit value up to cell voltage.Owing to be to carry out charging with constant current, charging voltage increases along with the accumulation of the electric charge in the battery.
On the contrary, when battery pack 1 was charged to predetermined extent, battery charge controller 231 was controlled at charging in the constant voltage control range.In this case, battery charge controller 231 is because the cause of FET 232 and FET 233 and the duty ratio of control impuls, thereby makes the voltage as the some C place of the input of battery pack become the charging voltage set point.As a result, charging current descends in this state gradually.More specifically, because electric charge accumulates in battery with constant voltage, charging current reduces gradually.
(general issues)
Fig. 4 illustration the conventional control sequence of carrying out by microcomputer 22.This process is to realize by the control program of being carried out by microcomputer 22.In this process, microcomputer 22 at first begins charging (S501).For example when 3 power supplies of AC adapter, charge by flip-flop toggle.Then, microcomputer 22 is carried out the following step.
More specifically, microcomputer 22 obtains the terminal voltage of the battery pack 1 corresponding with some B shown in Figure 1.In addition, microcomputer 22 detections are from the charging current (S503) of current sensing resistor shown in Figure 2 235.Then, microcomputer 22 is estimated remaining power electric charge (S504) according to the terminal voltage and the charging current of battery pack 1.For example search and remaining battery charge is estimated wherein the relation between the ratio of the charge volume of terminal voltage value, charging current value and battery pack 1 and the amount of being full of is stored on the memory of microcomputer 22 as table by his-and-hers watches.Alternatively, the empirical equation that shows the relation between the ratio of the charge volume of terminal voltage value, charging current value and battery pack 1 and the amount of being full of can be embedded in the control program of microcomputer 22.
Yet these rules have following problems.As above with reference to as described in the figure 2, the charging current and the charging voltage (corresponding to some B shown in Figure 1) at the some C place that battery charge controller 231 controls are shown in Figure 2.On the contrary, battery pack 1 is provided with protective circuit 13, so that the voltage of monitoring battery unit 11.In the voltage of battery unit 11 voltage of some A1 place shown in Figure 1 (for example) value of reaching capacity, protective circuit 13 off switch 12.This process is called the additives for overcharge protection operation.In this case, the charging voltage (that is, being supplied to the charging voltage of battery charge controller 231) that (some B shown in Figure 1) records at a C place has measure error.In addition, the voltage that is supplied to protective circuit 13 that records at some A1 place shown in Figure 1 also has measure error.Therefore; even microcomputer 22 has accurately stipulated to be used for the charging voltage and the charging current of battery charge controller 231, also following situation may take place, wherein because measure error; before battery charge controller 231 made that charged state is fully near full state, protective circuit 13 stopped charging.
For example, the charging voltage at 4.2 volts of cell voltage have-0.05 volt and+error between 0.05 volt.On the contrary, if protective circuit 13 have-0.03 volt and+error between 0.03 volt, then be necessary to carry out the additives for overcharge protection operation 4.28 volts or higher value (it adds 0.03 volt value for 4.25 volts upper voltage limit of charging circuit 23).Otherwise charging may stop.
On the contrary, if protective circuit 13 stops charging at 4.25 volts, then in fact charging may stop at 4.22 volts charging voltage place.Therefore, charging circuit 23 can be carried out charging with the charging voltage of 4.25 volts cell voltage that error is taken into account, thereby forces charging to stop and not reaching full state at 4.22 volts.
(example of electric current and change in voltage when charging)
Fig. 5 illustration under the situation that does not have protective circuit 13 protection, carry out when charging with 4.25 volts charging voltage, charging voltage, residual charge amount and charging current are over time.In this case, carry out charging, become 4.25 volts up to charging voltage with constant current.When charging voltage becomes 4.25 volts (at time point T0), charging circuit 23 is worked in the constant voltage control range, and charging current reduces gradually simultaneously, up to battery charge is arrived full state.
Fig. 6 illustration charging voltage, residue charge volume and charging current be over time when being protected circuit 13 protection.At this, suppose that the measurement result of 13 pairs of cell voltage of protective circuit has 0.03 volt error, and supposition protective circuit 13 is operated under 4.22 volts the charging voltage (at time point T1).
Then, protective circuit 13 off switch 12, thus charging current becomes 0.Even charging voltage is 4.22 volts before switch 12 cuts out, charging voltage and thus the terminal voltage of battery pack 1 also owing to the cause of having closed switch 12 reduces specific value.Can be with terminal voltage reduce the product that value representation is the internal resistance R0 of charging current I and battery pack 1 (I * R0).Therefore, the terminal voltage charging voltage that is used for carrying out charging from charging circuit 13 voltage drop I * R0 of having reduced the measure error Δ V of protective circuit 13 and having caused owing to internal resistance R0.As a result, charged state becomes with respect to being full of and has lacked short amount Δ Q.This shortage has caused and can reduce from the period of battery pack 1 to load 20 supply electric power.
Fig. 7 illustration utilize the example of the variation of electric current and voltage when carrying out charging control when microcomputer 22 according to the charging circuit 23 of present embodiment.As shown in Figure 1, electromotive force by each unit of I2C bus monitoring battery unit 11 of microcomputer 22 electromotive force of an A1 and A2 place (for example).For example, if the electromotive force that the input of unit group BLK1 (some A1) is located reaches predetermined value, for example 4.2 volts (at time point T2), then microcomputer 22 changes the set point of the charging circuit 23 that is used for charging current set input 236, so that along with the time reduces charging current gradually.
As a result, the voltage drop I * R0 that is caused by the internal resistance R0 of battery pack 1 reduces along with reducing of charging current.Therefore, as shown in Figure 7, when charging voltage has surpassed after 4.2 volts, the increase degree of charging voltage reduces.Therefore, charging voltage does not reach 4.22 volts.As a result, under protecting the situation of operation, protective circuit 13 do not kept charging current.In other words, continue charging, therefore can be charged to the higher charged state of situation of carrying out protection operation as shown in Figure 6 than protective circuit 13 with the charging current littler than the charging current under Fig. 6 situation.
Fig. 8 illustration the example of the charging control process carried out by microcomputer 22.In this process, microcomputer 22 at first is provided for controlling the reference voltage of constant current value to charging current set input 236, and charging voltage set input 237 is set the reference voltage that is used to control constant voltage values.Therefore, microcomputer 22 order battery charge controllers 231 begin charging (S1).
Next, microcomputer 22 detects the value (with reference to figure 1) of charging current according to the voltage at current sensing resistor 15 two ends.In addition, microcomputer 22 detects by the unit group BLK1 of A/D converter 14 detected series connection and the voltage at BLK2 two ends (at ground connection shown in Figure 1 and the voltage of putting between the A1) (S2) by the I2C bus.
22 pairs of remaining battery charges of microcomputer are estimated (S3) then.As mentioned above, should be by computer program based on the table that stores as charging current value, charging voltage (voltage at some A1 place shown in Figure 1) and the remaining battery charge of one group battery pack 1, or, calculate remaining battery charge based on the empirical equation that is used for calculating the remaining power electric charge according to the charging current value and the charging voltage of battery pack 1.
Next, microcomputer 22 obtains by the voltage of A/D converter 14 detected each unit group BLK1 and BLK2 (voltage between some A1 and the A2, and the voltage between some A2 and the ground) (S4).
Next, whether any one voltage among microcomputer 22 determining unit group BLK1 and the BLK2 is voltage or higher (S5) of regulation.The microcomputer 22 of carrying out this process is corresponding to determining unit.
The low predetermined value of protection voltage when being set at the voltage of stipulating than protective circuit 13 off switch 12 here.For example, protection voltage is as shown in Figure 7 4.25 volts, and assigned voltage is 4.2 volts.This assigned voltage of 4.2 volts should be following value, and this value is enough to suppress the generation of the protective circuit 13 that reduces to cause owing to electric current at 4.25 volts protection voltage, and this value should be determined by experiment.Then, if any one voltage in the unit group is assigned voltage or higher, then microcomputer 22 execution charging currents reduce control procedure (S6).The microcomputer 22 of carrying out this process limits the unit corresponding to electric current.
Then, microcomputer 22 determines whether to be full of (S7).If be not full of, then the control procedure of being carried out by microcomputer 22 turns back to S2.On the contrary, if be full of, then microcomputer 22 stops at the operation that produces impulse waveform in the charging circuit 23.In addition, microcomputer 22 cuts out FET shown in Figure 2 232 and FET 233, and off switch 12 subsequently.In addition, microcomputer 22 is disposed the setting of charging current set input 236 and charging voltage set input 237.Therefore, microcomputer 22 stops charging (S8).
Fig. 9 illustration charging current reduce the details (S6 among Fig. 8) of control procedure.In this process, microcomputer 22 detects charging voltage V1 (S61).More specifically, microcomputer 22 has obtained the digital value that A/D converter shown in Figure 1 14 is produced by the I2C bus from the terminal voltage (at the electromotive force of some A1 shown in Figure 1) of battery pack 1.
Next, microcomputer 22 calculates the poor Δ V (S62) that protects between voltage and the detected charging voltage V1.In addition, microcomputer 22 by will differ from Δ V divided by internal resistance R0 calculating limit current value (Δ V/R0).Then, current value I 1 is determined in scope (S63) less than the limiting current value.This current value I 1 can be a limiting current value itself, maybe can be by with the limiting current value that obtains with the predetermined safe factor (for example 0.9) on duty.Then, 22 pairs of charging current set inputs of microcomputer 236 are set reference voltage, so that charging current is controlled to be I1 (S64).As a result, charging current is controlled as I1.Therefore, when voltage increased along with charging current, charging voltage V1 did not surpass protection voltage yet.Then, microcomputer 22 complete processes, and control procedure proceeds to the S7 among Fig. 8.In the circulation of the S2-S7 of Fig. 8, repeat the process from S61 to S64.As a result, current value I 1 reduces gradually along with the carrying out of charged state.In addition, determine current value I 1 according to the difference between protection voltage and the detected charging voltage V1.
As mentioned above, the charging circuit of this execution mode has reduced charging current, thereby when the terminal voltage of battery pack 1 surpassed predetermined setting, charging voltage can not reach protection voltage.Therefore, protective circuit 13 is off switch 12 not, so charging circuit 23 can continue charging.Then, along with the approaching protection of charging voltage voltage, charging current reduces gradually by the process among the step S63 (Fig. 9).Therefore, therefore not work of protective circuit 13 almost can be charged to full state with battery pack 1.
In addition, in this embodiment, charging voltage is detected by A/D converter 14.Then, A/D converter 14 detected charging voltages are used for protective circuit 13 and microcomputer 22.Therefore, can reduce the inconsistent generation of the measure error between protective circuit 13 and the microcomputer 22.
(modification)
In the first embodiment, charging current I1 reduces, thereby the increase of the charging voltage that is caused by charging current I1 and internal resistance R0 can not surpass the poor Δ V between protection voltage and the detected charging voltage V1, as shown in Figure 9.
Yet, if the increase process of charging voltage when knowing charging in advance according to for example experimental result or practical experience can reduce charging current simply along with the time.Figure 10 illustration control in this case.In this example, suppose that charging voltage has reached the voltage of regulation at time point T2.In this case, microcomputer 22 progressively reduces charging current in time, as shown in figure 10.The gradient that reduces can be greater than the gradient of charging voltage along with the time increase.The gradient that charging voltage increased along with the time can record and be stored in the memory of microcomputer 22 in advance by experiment.Alternatively, can will cause the variation of this unit interval that reduces of charging current to be stored in the memory of microcomputer 22.
On the contrary, when charging voltage when time point T2 reaches assigned voltage, charging current can be reduced to almost nil significantly, as shown in figure 11.After this, charging current can increase in time gradually.Yet in this case, can utilize charging current under the situation that is no more than the poor Δ V between protection voltage and the detected charging voltage V1 of charging current, progressively to increase charging current.
In the above-described embodiment, when charging voltage had surpassed assigned voltage and approaching protection voltage, charging current was reduced to a wherein interior value of protective circuit 13 idle scopes, and continues charging.In this case, if switch 12 just cuts out after the temporary transient work of the overcharge protection of protective circuit 13, then switch 12 is just opened when charging voltage is reduced to the preestablished limit value owing to hysteresis characteristic.Therefore; can adopt another kind of structure; in this structure; even temporarily carried out the additives for overcharge protection process; microcomputer 22 also can monitor unit group BLK1 and the voltage of BLK2; and protective circuit 13 resetted, if make charging voltage reduce, then hysteresis characteristic is reset to initial condition from protection voltage.
Figure 12 illustration the reseting procedure of the protective circuit 13 carried out by microcomputer 22.This process is to carry out after the additives for overcharge protection process of protective circuit 13 begins.For example can determine whether the additives for overcharge protection process of protective circuit 13 begins by reading the register value of having indicated the protective circuit state via the I2C bus by microcomputer 22.In addition, for example can detect charging current via current sensing resistor 15.More specifically; even carry out charging with constant electric current shown in Figure 6 and constant voltage via charging circuit 23; if charging current value very little (for example being equal to or less than the value corresponding to the leakage current of switch 12) can determine that also the additives for overcharge protection process of protective circuit 13 begins.
In this process, microcomputer 22 obtains the voltage (S11) of unit group BLK1 and BLK2 via the I2C bus.
Then, whether any one voltage in the microcomputer 22 determining unit groups is protection voltage or higher voltage (S12).The microcomputer 22 of carrying out this process is corresponding to status determining unit.If any one voltage in the unit group is protection voltage or higher voltage, then the control procedure of microcomputer 22 execution turns back to step S11.
On the contrary, if all unit group voltage all is lower than protection voltage, then microcomputer 22 at first cuts out protective circuit 13 (S13).Therefore, protective circuit 13 quits work, and switch 12 temporarily becomes and opens.In this case, protective circuit 13 has stopped voltage and the comparison of protection between the voltage of unit group BLK1 and BLK2 etc., opens so that switch 12 is set at.
Next, microcomputer 22 is opened protective circuit 13 (S14).Therefore, protective circuit 13 voltage and the comparison of protection between the voltage of unit group BLK1 and BLK2 etc. that start anew.As a result, the voltage with unit group BLK1 and BLK2 etc. in not having the state that lags behind compares with protection voltage, therefore from the beginning carries out the additives for overcharge protection process.The microcomputer 22 of the process among execution in step S13 and the S14 is corresponding to the cancellation unit.
In this way, when protective circuit 13 was opened after temporary close, hysteresis that can initialization additives for overcharge protection process was to carry out this process once more.Therefore, even charging voltage reduces after the temporary transient work of additives for overcharge protection, also can avoid not supplying the continuation state of charging current therein once more as the result of hysteresis effect.
(second execution mode)
Figure 13 illustration the example of electronic equipment detailed structure.Electric power is supplied to the main part 2 of electronic equipment via AC adapter 3.Main part 2 comprises battery pack 1, power control circuit 4 and load 20.
In addition, 20 of load comprise via interface 115 and are connected to display 116 in this load 20.Information that display 116 provides from display keyboard 114A or the data of handling by CPU 111.Display 116 for example is LCD or electroluminescence (EL) panel.
In addition, load 20 comprises via interface 117 and is connected to communication unit 118 in this load 20.Communication unit 118 is Local Area Network plate, wireless communication interface (comprising antenna), radio receiving unit (comprising antenna) etc.
In addition, load 20 comprises the External memory equipment 120 that is connected thereto via interface 119.External memory equipment 120 is hard disk drives for example.In addition, main part 2 comprises the removable storage medium access means 122 that is connected thereto via interface 121.Removable storage medium for example is CD (CD), digital versatile disc (DVD), flash card etc.
Similarly, electronic equipment is a portable set, for example notebook type (on knee) personal computer, personal digital assistant, mobile phone, portable game machine, e-dictionary, portable music player, portable video player, portable television receiver, portable radio etc.
As mentioned above, the voltage with the unit group of 13 references of protective circuit provides to microcomputer 22 via the I2C bus.Microcomputer 22 is based on the voltage that is provided of unit group and control charging circuit 23.According to this structure, battery pack 1 can be charged to very near the voltage of protecting voltage.As a result, utilize battery pack 1, the service time of electronic equipment can be very long.
(the 3rd execution mode)
In the first embodiment, whether any one voltage among determining unit group BLK1 and the BLK2 is assigned voltage or higher voltage, and if this voltage be assigned voltage or high voltage more, then carry out the process that reduces charging current.Therefore, protective circuit 13 can be controlled at charging current in the scope that wherein the additives for overcharge protection process does not begin.Therefore, above-mentioned charging circuit and electronic equipment can continue to be charged to the state that approaches full state.
Different with this control; in the present embodiment, whether protective circuit 13 detects the additives for overcharge protection processes and begins, and if begun the additives for overcharge protection process; then protective circuit 13 reduces charging current, does not carry out in the additives for overcharge protection status of processes so that be controlled at wherein.According to this process, similar with first execution mode, charging also can last till the state that approaches full state.Structure in other structure and action and first execution mode and move identical.Therefore, identical structural detail is with identical label or symbolic representation, and omitted its description.In addition, in the case of necessary referring to figs. 1 to the accompanying drawing among Figure 13.It should be noted that the electronic equipment that also control to the additives for overcharge protection circuit according to present embodiment can be applied in second execution mode shown in Figure 13.
Figure 14 illustration the reseting procedure of the protective circuit 13 carried out by microcomputer 22.Microcomputer 22 normally obtains voltage and the charging current (S102) of unit group BLK1 and BLK2 via the I2C bus.The voltage of unit group BLK1 and BLK2 obtains via crossing A/D converter 14.In addition, the voltage based on current sensing resistor 15 two ends also obtains charging current via A/D converter 14.
Then, 22 pairs of remaining battery charges of microcomputer (being the charged state of battery) are estimated (S103).Charged state refers to the current charged state with respect to the unit of full state.Then, microcomputer 22 determines whether this charged state is (S104) of full state.If estimating is full state, then the control procedure of microcomputer 22 is returned step S102, and continues voltage and current is monitored.In other words, 22 pairs of microcomputers by after this discharge and the change of the charged state of the battery pack that causes monitor.
On the contrary, if determine it is not full state in step S104, then microcomputer 22 obtains the additives for overcharge protection state (S105) of protective circuit 13.Whether the additives for overcharge protection process that the additives for overcharge protection state of protective circuit 13 refers to about protective circuit 13 has begun so that cut off the state of charging current.For example can be by determining via the register value that the I2C bus reads the state of having indicated protective circuit 13 whether the additives for overcharge protection process of protective circuit 13 begins by microcomputer 22.In addition, for example can detect charging current via current sensing resistor 15.More specifically; even carry out charging via charging circuit 23 with as shown in Figure 6 constant current and constant voltage; if charging current value very little (for example being equal to or less than the value corresponding to the leakage current of switch 12) can determine that also the additives for overcharge protection process of protective circuit 13 begins.
Then, microcomputer 22 determines whether to have stopped charging (S106) by the additives for overcharge protection process.The microcomputer 22 of carrying out this process is corresponding to the guard mode determining unit.If stopped charging by the additives for overcharge protection process, then with Figure 12 in step S13 and 14 similar, microcomputer 22 resets the additives for overcharge protection process.
Here, microcomputer 22 at first reads the voltage of each unit group via the I2C bus, and determines whether any one voltage in these unit groups is protection voltage or higher voltage (S107).The microcomputer 22 of carrying out this process is corresponding to the voltage status determining unit.If any one voltage in these unit groups is protection voltage or higher voltage (among the S108 not), then the control procedure of microcomputer 22 turns back to step S102.
On the contrary; if the voltage of all unit groups all is lower than protection voltage (being among the S108); then microcomputer 22 is cancelled additives for overcharge protection processes (S109), and charging current is set at predetermined value, for example is approximately half (S110) of the charging current when with constant current charge.The microcomputer 22 of the process among execution in step S109 and the S110 is corresponding to charging control unit.It should be noted that the above charging of carrying out with constant current of having described at constant current shown in Figure 5.
On the contrary, if charging is not stopped by the additives for overcharge protection process, then microcomputer 22 is set at maximum with charging current.Then, microcomputer 22 begins charging (S112).Then, microcomputer 22 obtains voltage and the charging current (S120) of unit group BLK1 and BLK2 via the I2C bus.Then, microcomputer 22 determines whether charging current stops (S121).If charging current stops, then microcomputer 22 stops the control (S124) to charging, and control procedure turns back to step S102.At this, the reason that stops charging current except comprise similarly overcharge with step S106, also comprise the abnormality of the balance of the abnormality (for example heating) that for example detects battery unit 11 and the voltage between battery unit 11 and 11.For example, have following situation, wherein the temperature of battery unit 11 is owing to heating has surpassed the preestablished limit value.In addition, have following situation, the voltage of other battery units 11 of any one voltage ratio in the wherein mutual series connected battery unit 11 is much lower.Here, under the situation of overcharging, microcomputer 22 is determined to cut off charging current, because the protection that additives for overcharge protection circuit 13 is carried out is based on the charging current among the step S110 is limited.In addition, under the situation of the abnormality of battery unit 11, microcomputer 22 stops charging current, because be difficult to further continue charging.
On the contrary, if charging is not stopped by the additives for overcharge protection process, then 22 pairs of remaining battery charges of microcomputer are estimated (S122).Then, microcomputer 22 determines whether charged state is full state (S123).If determine it is full state, then microcomputer 22 stops the control (S124) to charging, and control procedure turns back to step S102, so that continue monitor voltage and electric current.
On the contrary, if determine it is not full state in S123, then the control procedure of microcomputer 22 turns back to step S120, so that continue this process.
As mentioned above, at the charging circuit of this execution mode be equipped with in the electronic equipment of this charging circuit, protective circuit 13 determines whether charging currents are cut off by the additives for overcharge protection process.In addition, if charging current is cut off by the additives for overcharge protection process, then whether the voltage of determining unit group is protection voltage or higher voltage.Then, if the voltage of unit group is lower than protection voltage, then protective circuit 13 is resetted.In addition; with fully little current value (for example under the situation in above-mentioned Figure 14; half of current value when with normal constant current charge) restart charging, thereby the corresponding voltage of the voltage drop that causes with charging current does not make the voltage of unit group reach protection voltage.In other words; according to the process in this execution mode; with situation in first execution mode (in this case; carry out charging current with the assigned voltage lower and reduce process than protection voltage) difference; if it is possible; after protective circuit 13 temporary transient execution additives for overcharge protection processes, carry out other charging.According to this process, similar with first execution mode, battery unit 11 also can be charged to the state that approaches full state.
It should be noted that current value is set at half that is used in the normal constant current value of charging according to the process of the S106 of the 3rd execution mode.Yet the process of this charging control circuit is not limited to this value.More specifically, after protective circuit 13 temporary transient execution additives for overcharge protection processes, can in can carrying out the abundant little charging current scope of charging, further continue charging.The scope of this charging current can pre-determine according to experiment.For example, the scope of this charging current can be based on the internal resistance of battery unit 11 and is pre-determined.
Claims (6)
1. control device that is used for battery circuit, this battery circuit comprises:
Voltage detection unit, it detects cell voltage;
Battery protecting circuit, when the detected described cell voltage of described voltage detection unit surpassed protection voltage, described battery protecting circuit stopped charging current; And
Charging circuit, it can change the charging current value that is used for battery charge, and described control device comprises:
The guard mode determining unit, it determines whether described battery protecting circuit has stopped described charging current;
The voltage status determining unit, after described battery protecting circuit stopped described charging current, described voltage status determining unit determined whether described cell voltage has reached described protection voltage; And
Charging control unit; when described cell voltage does not reach described protection voltage as yet; described charging control unit is cancelled the stopped process of the described charging current of being carried out by described battery protecting circuit, and restarts charging with the charging current that is limited to the preestablished limit value.
2. the control device that is used for battery circuit according to claim 1, wherein,
Described battery is made of a plurality of unit group of series connection, and each in these unit groups includes a unit or a plurality of unit,
When any one voltage in these unit groups reached the protection voltage of this unit group, described battery protecting circuit stopped described charging current,
Described voltage detection unit comprises the measuring circuit that each the voltage in these unit groups is detected,
After described battery protecting circuit had stopped described charging current, described voltage status determining unit determined whether any one voltage in these unit groups has reached the protection voltage of this unit group, and
When the voltage of all unit groups all is lower than the described protection voltage of unit group; described charging control unit is cancelled the stopped process of the described charging current of being carried out by described battery protecting circuit, and restarts charging with the described charging current that is defined in described limiting value.
3. battery charge controller of controlling charging current, this battery charge controller comprises:
Voltage detection unit, it detects cell voltage;
Battery protecting circuit, when the detected described cell voltage of described voltage detection unit reached protection voltage, described battery protecting circuit stopped charging current;
Charging circuit, it can change the charging current value that is used for battery charge;
The guard mode determining unit, it determines whether described battery protecting circuit has stopped described charging current;
The voltage status determining unit, after described battery protecting circuit stopped described charging current, described voltage status determining unit determined whether described cell voltage has reached described protection voltage; And
Charging control unit; when described cell voltage does not reach described protection voltage as yet; described charging control unit is cancelled the stopped process of the described charging current of being carried out by described battery protecting circuit, and restarts charging with the charging current that is limited to the preestablished limit value.
4. the battery charge controller of control charging current according to claim 3, wherein,
Described battery is made of a plurality of unit group of series connection, and each in these unit groups includes a unit or a plurality of unit,
When any one voltage in these unit groups reached the protection voltage of this unit group, described battery protecting circuit stopped described charging current,
Described voltage detection unit comprises the measuring circuit that each the voltage in these unit groups is detected,
After described battery protecting circuit had stopped described charging current, described voltage status determining unit determined whether any one voltage in these unit groups has reached the protection voltage of this unit group, and
When the voltage of all unit groups all is lower than the described protection voltage of unit group; described charging control unit is cancelled the stopped process of the described charging current of being carried out by described battery protecting circuit, and restarts charging with the described charging current that is defined in described limiting value.
5. electronic equipment, it comprises:
Voltage detection unit, it detects cell voltage;
Battery protecting circuit, when the detected described cell voltage of described voltage detection unit surpassed protection voltage, described battery protecting circuit stopped charging current; And
Charging circuit, it can change the charging current value that is used for battery charge;
Battery, it is recharged under the control of control unit via charging circuit;
Load, it is supplied electric power from the described battery that is recharged;
The guard mode determining unit, it determines whether described battery protecting circuit has stopped described charging current;
The voltage status determining unit, after described battery protecting circuit stopped described charging current, described voltage status determining unit determined whether described cell voltage has reached described protection voltage; And
Charging control unit; when described cell voltage does not reach described protection voltage as yet; described charging control unit is cancelled the stopped process of the described charging current of being carried out by described battery protecting circuit, and restarts charging with the charging current that is limited to the preestablished limit value.
6. method of controlling battery circuit; this battery circuit has: the voltage detection unit that cell voltage is detected, when the detected described cell voltage of described voltage detection unit surpasses protection voltage, stop charging current battery protecting circuit, can change the charging circuit and the control unit that are used for the charging current value of battery charge, the described method that described control unit is carried out comprises:
The guard mode determining step determines whether described battery protecting circuit has stopped described charging current;
The voltage status deciding step after described battery protecting circuit stops described charging current, determines whether described cell voltage has reached described protection voltage; And
Cancellation step, when described cell voltage does not reach described protection voltage as yet, the stopped process of the described charging current that cancellation is carried out by described battery protecting circuit, and restart charging with the charging current that is limited to the preestablished limit value.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007323924 | 2007-12-14 | ||
| JP2007-323924 | 2007-12-14 | ||
| JP2008-002095 | 2008-01-09 | ||
| JP2008002095A JP4824040B2 (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2008-01-09 | BATTERY CIRCUIT CONTROL DEVICE, CHARGE CONTROL DEVICE, ELECTRONIC DEVICE USING THE SAME, AND CONTROL METHOD |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101680276A Division CN101459343B (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2008-09-25 | Battery circuit control device, charging control apparatus and electronic device using same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102176629A true CN102176629A (en) | 2011-09-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101680276A Expired - Fee Related CN101459343B (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2008-09-25 | Battery circuit control device, charging control apparatus and electronic device using same |
| CN2011101311574A Pending CN102176629A (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2008-09-25 | Control apparatus for a battery circuit, charging control apparatus controlling charging current and electronic device using the same |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2008101680276A Expired - Fee Related CN101459343B (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2008-09-25 | Battery circuit control device, charging control apparatus and electronic device using same |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (2) | JP4824040B2 (en) |
| KR (2) | KR101119948B1 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN101459343B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI449299B (en) |
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| CN110542862A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2019-12-06 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Test method, test system and readable storage medium |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5325136B2 (en) | 2013-10-23 |
| KR20090064289A (en) | 2009-06-18 |
| CN101459343B (en) | 2012-01-11 |
| KR20100100736A (en) | 2010-09-15 |
| JP2010158163A (en) | 2010-07-15 |
| TW200926556A (en) | 2009-06-16 |
| JP2009165303A (en) | 2009-07-23 |
| CN101459343A (en) | 2009-06-17 |
| KR101119948B1 (en) | 2012-03-19 |
| TWI449299B (en) | 2014-08-11 |
| JP4824040B2 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
| KR101107778B1 (en) | 2012-01-20 |
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Application publication date: 20110907 |