CN102176401A - High-power pseudo-spark switch tube for power electronic pulse conversion - Google Patents
High-power pseudo-spark switch tube for power electronic pulse conversion Download PDFInfo
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- CN102176401A CN102176401A CN201010596048.5A CN201010596048A CN102176401A CN 102176401 A CN102176401 A CN 102176401A CN 201010596048 A CN201010596048 A CN 201010596048A CN 102176401 A CN102176401 A CN 102176401A
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- -1 titanium hydride Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000048 titanium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011982 device technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-power pseudo-spark switch tube for power electronic pulse conversion, belonging to the technical field of a gas power electronic switch device. The high-power pseudo-spark switch tube comprises a main electrode, a trigger electron gun, a hydrogen storage unit, a sealing tube body and an outer circuit, wherein the main electrode comprises a first anode and a second anode; the first anode and second anode are closed at the two ends, leave each other for certain distance and are coaxial hollow cylinders; the trigger electron gun comprises a tubular cathode, a tungsten heating wire, an outer tube and a trigger electrode, and is arranged below the main electrode while the muzzle of the electron gun is aligned with an electron injection hole of the second anode; titanium hydride powder is arranged in the hydrogen storage unit, and the heating wire is spirally wound on the surface; and the outer circuit comprises a main power supply and load thereof, a trigger power supply and a voltage division resistor thereof, a heating wire power supply and an electronic switch. According to the invention, the on/off of the main electrode is realized through the pseudo-spark discharge between two anodes; and the high-power pseudo-spark switch tube has the advantages of high withstand voltage, large on current, high repeat switch frequency, low on voltage drop and the like, is easy to conduct by trigger, allows short circuit of an output end, and is suitable for being used as a main switch element in an indirect type constant-energy pulse chopped-wave variable-frequency speed control system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-power class spark switch device that in the electronic power conversion major loop, uses, belong to gas power electronic switching device technology field.
Background technology
Along with the deepening continuously and develop of low-carbon (LC), energy-saving and environmental protection action, use the above high-voltage variable-frequency and variable-speed system of 10KV and carry out energy-conservation enterprise and get more and more.Yet problem such as present high-voltage variable-frequency and variable-speed system ubiquity costs an arm and a leg, complex structure, work are unreliable, wherein the problem of easily burning with the semiconductor power main switching device again is the most outstanding.Alleviate this problem although the research staff has done a large amount of effort, fail fundamentally to solve always.
Practice situation from theoretical and prior art, the supply power voltage that 10KV is above, in the course of work of system's major loop, can form high di/dt and dv/dt inevitably, and after these high di/dt and dv/dt and circuit distributing inductance and the electric capacity effect, can form high peak voltage and peak current again, remake on the semiconductor power main switching device that is used in the loop after the effect forward stack of these peak voltages or electric current and power supply, because the overvoltage of solid-state semiconductor device for power switching, therefore the conveyance capacity extreme difference is easy to cause these main switching devices to damage because of overvoltage or overcurrent.Under the unmodifiable situation of other condition of system (as supply voltage, modulating frequency, power output etc.), has only the switching speed that reduces main switching device, could solve the problem of too high di/dt and dv/dt, but reduce the switching speed of main switching device, need and increase that the high order harmonic component loss is a cost in the output waveform with the switching loss that increases device, technically, this cost loses more than gain.Therefore, unless find a kind of unsteady flow major loop topological structure brand-new, that do not have device overvoltage and overcurrent, seek a kind of device for power switching new, that have extremely strong overvoltage, conveyance capacity and replace existing device, could address the above problem on the basis of existing technology comprehensively.
From prior art, all vacuum devices and solid-state semiconductor device all do not reach above-mentioned specification requirement, and unique might meeting the requirements of has only the gas switch device.The gas switch device of having used at present mainly contains three types of gas spark switch, gas-filled thyratron and class spark switchs, and application mainly concentrates on high-energy physics, superlaser and the part Medical Devices.From operation principle and performance index, gas spark switch and gas-filled thyratron obviously can not be used for electronic power conversion, and the class spark switch has the potentiality that reach this requirement on principle.The class sparkover is a kind of low-pressure gas discharging phenomenon of finding the phase at the end of the fifties in last century, the vacuum electron device (being class spark switch pipe) that utilizes this electric discharge phenomena to make, have that withstand voltage height, power are big, the electric current rate of climb is fast and characteristics such as repetition rate height, can substitute devices such as thyratron, trigger tube, vacuum switch tube and ignitron, mainly use in devices such as plasma focus, superlaser, accelerator at present, its design feature has dielectric surface flashover trigger-type or pre-burning electric charge to inject trigger-type.For the dielectric surface flashover triggering mode, its trigger electrode effect life-span is length (10 not
5～10
7Between inferior); Though and the preheating type electric charge injection mode triggering life-span grows (10
7～10
9Between inferior), but trigger voltage will change and trigger delay overlong time (μ time of delays 8～20) with the blowing pressure of pipe; These characteristics all make existing class spark switch pipe be not suitable for being applied to the power high voltage frequency conversion speed-adjusting system.For example: effectively triggering the life-span number only is 10
5～10
9Inferior, if when they are used for carrier frequency and are the frequency conversion speed-adjusting system of 10kHz, the useful life phase only is between 10 seconds to 1.3 day! This frequency conversion speed-adjusting system to need long-time (tens of days by several years) continuous operation is inconceivable.The variation of same trigger voltage and time of delay the long frequency conversion speed-adjusting system that also makes be difficult to correctly finish required output waveform.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the above power high voltage frequency conversion speed-adjusting system of a kind of 10kHz of can be used for, have strong over-voltage and over-current ability and long-life high-power class spark switch pipe, it has very high shutoff impedance and high withstand voltage when turn-offing, when conducting, then has low tube voltage drop and electric current is passed through in big allowing, allow output short-circuit but can not burn out device, have fast switching speed and high repetition operating frequency, can solve the problem that the existing main switching device of high-voltage variable-frequency and variable-speed system easily burns well.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: this high-power class spark switch pipe is by insulation (pottery, glass, engineering plastics etc.) sealed tube body IV and be loaded on wherein electrode unit (I), trigger element (II) and external circuit are formed, main electrode unit I is installed in position in the going up of insulated enclosure body IV, by two both-end sealings, end face is parallel and keep coaxial hollow metal cylinder electric conducting materials such as (make) available stainless steels and the electric exit thereof of certain distance to form, on, following cylinder is respectively first anode A1 and second plate A2, and the lower surface home position of first anode A1 has circular hole d
11, the second plate A2 home position of both ends of the surface up and down has hole, garden d
21And d
22, hole d
11With d
21Equal diameters and be 1.5～9mm, d
22The aperture be 1～10mm (determining) according to the structure that triggers electron gun, the interior diameter of two cylinder electrodes is that 10～50mm, wall thickness are 0.2～4mm, the parallel distance of leaving of its end face is 1.5～12mm, and two electric connection line a1, the a2 of first anode A1 and second plate A2 pass the sealed tube body IV and are connected with external circuit.Trigger element (II) be by be positioned at the inside and inwall be covered with thickness be the pipe shape negative electrode K of the brium carbonate oxide of 0.3～1.5mm, evenly be around in pipe negative electrode K outer wall and with the helical form tungsten heating wire F of cathode insulation
1, be placed in tungsten heating wire F
1Insulation (pottery, glass, engineering plastics etc.) the outer tube B of outside, shape evenly is around in the electron gun of four concentric pipes compositions from inside to outside of trigger electrode G of insulation outer tube B epimere outer surface in the shape of a spiral, the d of itself and second plate
22Be coaxially installed on below the main electrode, muzzle is aimed at the electron impact hole d of second plate
22And the 1.5～6mm of being separated by with it, tungsten heating wire F
1, pipe negative electrode K, four electric connection line f11, f12, k, the g of trigger electrode G pass can and are connected with external circuit.The other hydrogen storing unit (III) that is equipped with also in parallel of electron gun in the sealed tube body IV has insulation (pottery, glass, engineering plastics etc.) the cylinder hydrogen container T of spilehole and the heating wire F that helical form evenly is around in its outside by built-in titanium hydride powders H and surface
2Form heating wire F
2Two lead-out wire f21, f22 pass the sealed tube body IV and be connected with external circuit.Operating pressure in the insulated enclosure body IV remains on (pressure during sealed tube body work in the body can by adjusting the consumption of titanium hydride powders in the hydrogen container T, be realized thereby control the hydrogen burst size according to actual needs) between 4～150 handkerchiefs.External circuit is by main power source W1 and series load R thereof
L, trigger power supply W2 and divider resistance R thereof
1And R
2, electrothermal wire power W3 and electronic switch SW form; The anodal series load R of main power source W1
LAfter meet first anode A1, the negative pole of main power source W1 and the positive pole, the divider resistance R that trigger power supply W2
1Fixed contact 2 ends of upper end, electronic switch SW be connected on the second plate A2 divider resistance R again after connecting
2Upper end and divider resistance R
1The lower end and the negative electrode K of switching tube connect, trigger negative pole and the divider resistance R of power supply W2
2Fixed contact 3 ends, the negative pole of electrothermal wire power W3, the tungsten heating wire F of SW of lower end, electronic switch
1An exit f11, heating wire F
2An exit f21 link to each other the moving contact 1 termination trigger electrode G of electronic switch SW, the positive pole of electrothermal wire power W3 and tungsten heating wire F
1Another exit f12, heating wire F
2Another exit f22 link to each other, the control input end 4 of electronic switch SW connects external control signal.
During the work of this switching tube, the electrothermal wire power W3 of connection electron gun and hydrogen container is about 5 to 10 minutes earlier, after Hydrogen Vapor Pressure and negative electrode K surface temperature reach requirement in waiting to manage, connects main power source W1 again and triggers power supply W2, at this moment, trigger electron gun and trigger the electron impact hole d that electron beam is injected second plate
22In, cause that the gas molecule avalanche type of second plate inner chamber forms the plasma of high concentration fast, after the isoionic concentration of inner chamber reaches enough value, from ion spray orifice d
21In eject and be diffused into rapidly on the end face of first anode A1, thereby form current channel between two electrodes.As external signal v
iDuring high level pulse, the moving contact 1 of electronic switch SW is connected with fixed contact 2, and the current potential of the trigger electrode G of switching tube is higher than the current potential of negative electrode K, is Low ESR and conducting between the first anode A1 of switching tube and the second plate A2; All the other time v
iBe low level, the current potential of the trigger electrode G of switching tube is lower than the current potential of negative electrode K, is high impedance between the first anode A1 of trigger switch pipe and the second plate A2 and turn-offs.In the high-voltage variable-frequency and variable-speed system major loop, use this high-power class spark switch pipe, can realize quick, the repeated trigger switch of high-voltage variable-frequency and variable-speed system by said process.
This high-power class spark switch pipe is by changing anode construction, utilize an a Paschen curve minimum point left side peculiar class sparkover effect, and the avalanche type of plasma increases effect in the coreless armature, finish the function that turns on and off of electric current between the main electrode, adopt tubulose hot-cathode electric rifle to add the grid control mode simultaneously and trigger control, make that the electron emission amount of electron gun is only relevant with the cathode surface temperature and irrelevant with intraductal atmospheric pressure, the life-span of electron gun is very long in addition, and electronics is quickened greatly under the effect of grid positive voltage, therefore shortened dramatically the trigger delay time, solved switching tube well in triggering speed, trigger voltage, trigger power and the contradiction in many ways between the triggering life-span; Simultaneously, the characteristics of release hydrogen during owing to utilizing titanium hydride powders when cold conditions, to absorb hydrogen and at high temperature, make the titanium hydride powders in the hydrogen storing unit when switching tube is worked, emit the purity of appropriate amount of hydrogen with Electric heating with the constant and gas of holding tube internal pressure, and when switching tube quits work titanium hydride powders cooling and and hydrogen sucked back high vacuum in the holding tube, guaranteed the reliability of work.Therefore, have advantages such as switching speed is fast, repetition operating frequency height, the repeated trigger life-span is long, simple in structure, triggering power is little.
The present invention is 3 millimeters, 3 millimeters of electrode centers hole diameters in the main electrode gap of switching tube, when Hydrogen Vapor Pressure is 4 handkerchiefs, has the limit through-current capability of and 10 Wan An training withstand voltage up to the off-state of 30KV, more than the highest repeat switch frequency 10KHz; The triggering and conducting voltage that needs is 300～500 volts, and trigger current triggers the life-span 10 less than 50 milliamperes
12～10
13Inferior; Switching tube when turn-offing if the voltage that bears oversteps the extreme limit 30KV, then self breakdown and be converted to conducting state but can not damage; As long as short circuit current is no more than 10 Wan An or the following fuse action in 10 Wan An, then switching tube can not damage does not also influence the life-span during output short-circuit, if short circuit current surpasses 10 Wan An, then only can shorten to some extent but can not cause damage electrode life.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional schematic of switching tube of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a main electrode cellular construction schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 triggers electron gun cellular construction schematic diagram for the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a hydrogen storing unit structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is typical electrical control external circuit connection diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: shown in accompanying drawing 1,2,3,4 and 5, this high-power class spark switch pipe is by ceramic seal body IV and be loaded on wherein main electrode unit I, trigger electron gun unit II, hydrogen storing unit III, and external circuit is formed.Main electrode unit I is installed in position in the going up of sealed ceramic body IV, by the sealing of two both-ends, end face is parallel and keep the coaxial hollow cylinder of stainless steel and the electric exit thereof of certain distance to form, upper and lower cylinder is respectively first anode A1 and second plate A2, and the lower surface home position of first anode A1 has circular hole d
11, the second plate A2 home position of both ends of the surface up and down has hole, garden d
21And d
22, hole d
11With d
21Equal diameters and be 1.5mm, d
22The aperture be 1mm, the interior diameter of two cylinder electrodes is that 10mm, wall thickness are 0.2mm, the parallel distance of leaving of its end face is 1.5mm, two electric connection line a1, the a2 of first anode A1 and second plate A2 pass the sealed tube body IV and are connected with external circuit.Trigger the electron gun unit II and be installed on below the main electrode unit I, by be positioned at the inside and inwall be covered with the pipe shape negative electrode K of the thick commercially available brium carbonate oxide of 0.3mm, evenly be around in pipe negative electrode K outer wall and with the helical form tungsten heating wire F of cathode insulation
1, be placed in tungsten heating wire F
1The ceramic outer tube B of outside, shape four of the trigger electrode G concentric pipes from inside to outside that evenly are around in ceramic outer tube B epimere outer surface are formed the electron gun muzzle of pipe shape negative electrode K and the electron impact hole d of second plate in the shape of a spiral
22Be separated by 1.5mm and and d
22Coaxial installation, tungsten heating wire F
1, pipe negative electrode K, four electric connection line f11, f12, k, the g of trigger electrode G pass can and are connected with external circuit.Hydrogen storing unit III and electron gun are installed on the locus on electron gun next door abreast, have the ceramic cylinder hydrogen container T of spilehole and the heating wire F that helical form evenly is around in the porcelain jar outside by built-in titanium hydride powders H and surface
2Form its heating wire F
2Two lead-out wire f21, f22 pass the sealed tube body IV and be connected with external circuit.By the quantity of titanium hydride powders in the adjustment hydrogen container T, thus control hydrogen burst size, and making the operating pressure in the sealed tube body IV is 4 handkerchiefs.External circuit is by main power source W1 and series load R thereof
L, trigger power supply W2 and divider resistance R thereof
1And R
2, electrothermal wire power W3 and electronic switch SW form; The anodal series load R of main power source W1
LAfter meet first anode A1, the negative pole of main power source W1 and the positive pole, the divider resistance R that trigger power supply W2
1Fixed contact 2 ends of upper end, electronic switch SW be connected on the second plate A2 divider resistance R again after connecting
2Upper end and divider resistance R
1The lower end and the negative electrode K of switching tube connect, trigger negative pole and the divider resistance R of power supply W2
2Fixed contact 3 ends, the negative pole of electrothermal wire power W3, the tungsten heating wire F of SW of lower end, electronic switch
1An exit f11, heating wire F
2An exit f21 link to each other the moving contact 1 termination trigger electrode G of electronic switch SW, the positive pole of electrothermal wire power W3 and tungsten heating wire F
1Another exit f12, heating wire F
2Another exit f22 link to each other, the control input end 4 of electronic switch SW connects external control signal.Voltage is kept in the glow discharge that the magnitude of voltage of main power source W1 is lower than between first anode A1 and the second plate A2.
Embodiment 2: shown in accompanying drawing 1,2,3,4 and 5, should high-power class spark switch pipe by glass capsulation body IV and be loaded on wherein main electrode unit I, trigger electron gun unit II, hydrogen storing unit III, and external circuit is formed.Main electrode unit I is installed in position in the going up of seal glass body IV, by the sealing of two both-ends, end face is parallel and keep the coaxial hollow cylinder of stainless steel and the electric exit thereof of certain distance to form, upper and lower cylinder is respectively first anode A1 and second plate A2, and the lower surface home position of first anode A1 has circular hole d
11, the second plate A2 home position of both ends of the surface up and down has hole, garden d
21And d
22, hole d
11With d
21Equal diameters and be 9mm, d
22The aperture be 10mm, the interior diameter of two cylinder electrodes is that 50mm, wall thickness are 4mm, the parallel distance of leaving of its end face is 12mm, two electric connection line a1, the a2 of first anode A1 and second plate A2 pass the sealed tube body IV and are connected with external circuit.Trigger the electron gun unit II and be installed on below the main electrode unit I, by be positioned at the inside and inwall be covered with the pipe shape negative electrode K of the thick commercially available brium carbonate oxide of 1.5mm, evenly be around in pipe negative electrode K outer wall and with the helical form tungsten heating wire F of cathode insulation
1, be placed in tungsten heating wire F
1The glass outer tube B of outside, shape four of the trigger electrode G concentric pipes from inside to outside that evenly are around in glass outer tube B epimere outer surface are formed the electron gun muzzle of pipe shape negative electrode K and the electron impact hole d of second plate in the shape of a spiral
22Be separated by 6mm and and d
22Coaxial installation, tungsten heating wire F
1, pipe negative electrode K, four electric connection line f11, f12, k, the g of trigger electrode G pass can and are connected with external circuit.Hydrogen storing unit III and electron gun are installed on the locus on electron gun next door abreast, have the ceramic cylinder hydrogen container T of spilehole and the heating wire F that helical form evenly is around in the porcelain jar outside by built-in titanium hydride powders H and surface
2Form its heating wire F
2Two lead-out wire f21, f22 pass the sealed tube body IV and be connected with external circuit.By the quantity of titanium hydride powders in the adjustment hydrogen container T, thus control hydrogen burst size, and making the operating pressure in the sealed tube body IV is 150 handkerchiefs.External circuit is by main power source W1 and series load R thereof
L, trigger power supply W2 and divider resistance R thereof
1And R
2, electrothermal wire power W3 and electronic switch SW form; The anodal series load R of main power source W1
LAfter meet first anode A1, the negative pole of main power source W1 and the positive pole, the divider resistance R that trigger power supply W2
1Fixed contact 2 ends of upper end, electronic switch SW be connected on the second plate A2 divider resistance R again after connecting
2Upper end and divider resistance R
1The lower end and the negative electrode K of switching tube connect, trigger negative pole and the divider resistance R of power supply W2
2Fixed contact 3 ends, the negative pole of electrothermal wire power W3, the tungsten heating wire F of SW of lower end, electronic switch
1An exit f11, heating wire F
2An exit f21 link to each other the moving contact 1 termination trigger electrode G of electronic switch SW, the positive pole of electrothermal wire power W3 and tungsten heating wire F
1Another exit f12, heating wire F
2Another exit f22 link to each other, the control input end 4 of electronic switch SW connects external control signal.Voltage is kept in the glow discharge that the magnitude of voltage of main power source W1 is lower than between first anode A1 and the second plate A2.
Embodiment 3: shown in accompanying drawing 1,2,3,4 and 5, this high-power class spark switch pipe is by ceramic seal body IV and be loaded on wherein main electrode unit I, trigger electron gun unit II, hydrogen storing unit III, and external circuit is formed.Main electrode unit I is installed in position in the going up of sealed ceramic body IV, by the sealing of two both-ends, end face is parallel and keep the coaxial hollow cylinder (available stainless steel is made) and the electric exit thereof of certain distance to form, upper and lower cylinder is respectively first anode A1 and second plate A2, and the lower surface home position of first anode A1 has circular hole d
11, the second plate A2 home position of both ends of the surface up and down has hole, garden d
21And d
22, hole d
11With d
21Equal diameters and be 3mm, d
22The aperture be 4mm, the interior diameter of two cylinder electrodes is that 30mm, wall thickness are 2mm, the parallel distance of leaving of its end face is 3mm, two electric connection line a1, the a2 of first anode A1 and second plate A2 pass the sealed tube body IV and are connected with external circuit.Trigger the electron gun unit II and be installed on below the main electrode unit I, by be positioned at the inside and inwall be covered with the pipe shape negative electrode K of the thick commercially available brium carbonate oxide of 0.8mm, evenly be around in pipe negative electrode K outer wall and with the helical form tungsten heating wire F of cathode insulation
1, be placed in tungsten heating wire F
1The ceramic outer tube B of outside, shape four of the trigger electrode G concentric pipes from inside to outside that evenly are around in ceramic outer tube B epimere outer surface are formed the electron gun muzzle of pipe shape negative electrode K and the electron impact hole d of second plate in the shape of a spiral
22Be separated by 4mm and and d
22Coaxial installation, tungsten heating wire F
1, pipe negative electrode K, four electric connection line f11, f12, k, the g of trigger electrode G pass can and are connected with external circuit.Hydrogen storing unit III and electron gun are installed on the locus on electron gun next door abreast, have the ceramic cylinder hydrogen container T of spilehole and the heating wire F that helical form evenly is around in the porcelain jar outside by built-in titanium hydride powders H and surface
2Form its heating wire F
2Two lead-out wire f21, f22 pass the sealed tube body IV and be connected with external circuit.By the quantity of titanium hydride powders in the adjustment hydrogen container T, thus control hydrogen burst size, and making the operating pressure in the sealed tube body IV is 70 handkerchiefs.External circuit is by main power source W1 and series load R thereof
L, trigger power supply W2 and divider resistance R thereof
1And R
2, electrothermal wire power W3 and electronic switch SW form; The anodal series load R of main power source W1
LAfter meet first anode A1, the negative pole of main power source W1 and the positive pole, the divider resistance R that trigger power supply W2
1Fixed contact 2 ends of upper end, electronic switch SW be connected on the second plate A2 divider resistance R again after connecting
2Upper end and divider resistance R
1The lower end and the negative electrode K of switching tube connect, trigger negative pole and the divider resistance R of power supply W2
2Fixed contact 3 ends, the negative pole of electrothermal wire power W3, the tungsten heating wire F of SW of lower end, electronic switch
1An exit f11, heating wire F
2An exit f21 link to each other the moving contact 1 termination trigger electrode G of electronic switch SW, the positive pole of electrothermal wire power W3 and tungsten heating wire F
1Another exit f12, heating wire F
2Another exit f22 link to each other, the control input end 4 of electronic switch SW connects external control signal.Voltage is kept in the glow discharge that the magnitude of voltage of main power source W1 is lower than between first anode A1 and the second plate A2.
Must be noted that voltage was kept in the glow discharge that the magnitude of voltage of main power source W1 need be lower than between first anode A1 and the second plate A2 when this switching tube reality was used, can be to be directly used in the full-control type solid-state semiconductor switching device that substitutes the work of PWM mode.If voltage is kept in the glow discharge that the magnitude of voltage of W1 is higher than between first anode A1 and the second plate A2, then switching tube Low ESR when trigger impulse arrives is open-minded, pulse promptly forms glow discharge later between first anode A1 and second plate A2, thereby still have electric current to flow through first anode A1 and second plate A2, this moment, this switching tube can only be used for the permanent energy pulse copped wave of indirect type frequency conversion speed-adjusting system, and can not be directly used in the full-control type solid-state semiconductor switching device that substitutes the work of PWM mode.
Claims (6)
1. a power electronics pulse unsteady flow is with high-power class spark switch pipe, by insulated enclosure body (IV) and be loaded on wherein main electrode unit (I), trigger element (II), and external circuit is formed, it is characterized in that main electrode is made up of the coaxial hollow metal cylinder first anode A1 of two parallel maintenance certain distances of end face up and down and second plate A2 and electric exit thereof, be installed in the middle position of going up of sealed tube body (IV), two electric connection line a1, the a2 of its first anode A1 and second plate A2 pass sealed tube body (IV) and are connected with external circuit; Trigger element (II) is by pipe shape negative electrode K, tungsten heating wire F
1, the electron gun formed of four of ceramic outer tube B, trigger electrode G concentric pipes from inside to outside, be installed on below the main electrode (I) and muzzle is aimed at the electron impact hole d of second plate
22, its tungsten heating wire F
1, pipe negative electrode K, four electric connection line f11, f12, k, the g of trigger electrode G pass can and are connected with external circuit; The other hydrogen storing unit (III) that is equipped with also in parallel of the interior electron gun of sealed tube body (IV) has the insulating concrete cylinder hydrogen container T of spilehole and the heating wire F that helical form evenly is around in its appearance by built-in titanium hydride powders H and surface
2Form heating wire F
2Two lead-out wire f21, f22 pass the sealed tube body IV and be connected with external circuit; External circuit is by main power source W1 and series load R thereof
L, trigger power supply W2 and divider resistance R thereof
1And R
2, electrothermal wire power W3 and electronic switch SW form.
2. power electronics pulse unsteady flow according to claim 1 is characterized in that with high-power class spark switch pipe the lower surface home position of the first anode A1 of main electrode unit (I) has circular hole d
11, the second plate A2 home position of both ends of the surface up and down has hole, garden d
21And d
22, hole d
11With d
21Equal diameters and be 1.5～9mm, d
22The aperture be 1～10mm; The interior diameter of two cylindrical electrodes is 10～50mm, and wall thickness is 0.2～4mm, and the parallel distance of leaving of its end face is 1.5～12mm.
3. power electronics pulse unsteady flow according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that with high-power class spark switch pipe the inwall of the innermost pipe shape of trigger element (II) electron gun negative electrode K is covered with the brium carbonate oxide, tungsten heating wire F
1Helical form evenly be around in pipe negative electrode K outer wall and and cathode insulation, insulation outer tube B is placed in tungsten heating wire F
1The outside, trigger electrode G helical form evenly is around in the epimere outer surface of insulation outer tube B, the electron impact hole d of the muzzle of electron gun and second plate
22Be separated by 1.5～6mm and and d
22Coaxial installation.
According to the described power electronics pulse of claim 1～3 unsteady flow with high-power class spark switch pipe, it is characterized in that the anodal series load R of external circuit main power source W1
LAfter meet first anode A1, the negative pole of main power source W1 and the positive pole, the divider resistance R that trigger power supply W2
1Fixed contact 2 ends of upper end, electronic switch SW be connected on the second plate A2 divider resistance R again after connecting
2Upper end and divider resistance R
1The lower end and the negative electrode K of switching tube connect, trigger negative pole and the divider resistance R of power supply W2
2Fixed contact 3 ends, the negative pole of electrothermal wire power W3, the tungsten heating wire F of SW of lower end, electronic switch
1An exit f11, heating wire F
2An exit f21 link to each other the moving contact 1 termination trigger electrode G of electronic switch SW, the positive pole of electrothermal wire power W3 and tungsten heating wire F
1Another exit f12, heating wire F
2Another exit f22 link to each other, the control input end 4 of electronic switch SW connects external control signal.
According to the described power electronics pulse of claim 1～4 unsteady flow with high-power class spark switch pipe, the thickness that it is characterized in that spreading on the brium carbonate oxide on trigger element (II) the gun cathode K inwall is 0.3～1.5mm.
According to the described power electronics pulse of claim 1～5 unsteady flow with high-power class spark switch pipe, it is characterized in that the operating pressure in the insulated enclosure body (IV) is 4～150 handkerchiefs.
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| CN102176401B CN102176401B (en) | 2013-04-03 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US10403466B1 (en) | 2018-03-23 | 2019-09-03 | General Electric Company | Low sputtering, cross-field, gas switch and method of operation |
| CN110225642A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2019-09-10 | 郑州大学 | A kind of mixed type plasma jet of novel spark discharge |
| US10665402B2 (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2020-05-26 | General Electric Company | High voltage, cross-field, gas switch and method of operation |
| CN111564353A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-08-21 | 西安电子科技大学 | High-energy electron beam source control system, method and device and part manufacturing method |
| CN113172230A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-27 | 南京华东电子真空材料有限公司 | Titanium-based hydrogen storage device with heater |
| CN115102038A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-09-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | Double-gap pseudo spark switch |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US10256067B1 (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2019-04-09 | General Electric Company | Low voltage drop, cross-field, gas switch and method of operation |
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| US6138541A (en) * | 1997-07-16 | 2000-10-31 | Sket Walzwerkstechnik Gmbh | Method for deflecting wire-rod strand |
| CN202094076U (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-12-28 | 昆明理工大学 | High-power pseudospark switching tube for power electronic impulse conversion |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US10665402B2 (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2020-05-26 | General Electric Company | High voltage, cross-field, gas switch and method of operation |
| CN110225642A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2019-09-10 | 郑州大学 | A kind of mixed type plasma jet of novel spark discharge |
| US10403466B1 (en) | 2018-03-23 | 2019-09-03 | General Electric Company | Low sputtering, cross-field, gas switch and method of operation |
| CN111564353A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-08-21 | 西安电子科技大学 | High-energy electron beam source control system, method and device and part manufacturing method |
| CN113172230A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-27 | 南京华东电子真空材料有限公司 | Titanium-based hydrogen storage device with heater |
| CN115102038A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-09-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | Double-gap pseudo spark switch |
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|---|---|
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